------------------------------------------------
$ tar xzf project.tar.gz
$ cd project
-$ git init-db
+$ git init
------------------------------------------------
Git will reply
You've now initialized the working directory--you may notice a new
directory created, named ".git". Tell git that you want it to track
-every file under the current directory with (notice the dot '.'
-that means the current directory):
+every file under the current directory (note the '.') with:
------------------------------------------------
$ git add .
will prompt you for a commit message, then record the current state
of all the files to the repository.
+Making changes
+--------------
+
Try modifying some files, then run
------------------------------------------------
$ git diff
------------------------------------------------
-to review your changes. When you're done,
+to review your changes. When you're done, tell git that you
+want the updated contents of these files in the commit and then
+make a commit, like this:
------------------------------------------------
-$ git commit file1 file2...
+$ git add file1 file2 file3
+$ git commit
------------------------------------------------
-will again prompt your for a message describing the change, and then
-record the new versions of the files you listed. It is cumbersome
-to list all files and you can say `-a` (which stands for 'all')
-instead.
+This will again prompt your for a message describing the change, and then
+record the new versions of the files you listed.
+
+Alternatively, instead of running `git add` beforehand, you can use
------------------------------------------------
$ git commit -a
------------------------------------------------
+which will automatically notice modified (but not new) files.
+
A note on commit messages: Though not required, it's a good idea to
begin the commit message with a single short (less than 50 character)
line summarizing the change, followed by a blank line and then a more
thorough description. Tools that turn commits into email, for
-example, use the first line on the Subject line and the rest of the
+example, use the first line on the Subject: line and the rest of the
commit in the body.
$ git log -p
------------------------------------------------
+Often the overview of the change is useful to get a feel of
+each step
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git log --stat --summary
+------------------------------------------------
+
Managing branches
-----------------
will show a nice graphical representation of the resulting history.
+At this point you could delete the experimental branch with
+
+------------------------------------------------
+$ git branch -d experimental
+------------------------------------------------
+
+This command ensures that the changes in the experimental branch are
+already in the current branch.
+
If you develop on a branch crazy-idea, then regret it, you can always
delete the branch with
Note that he doesn't need to give the path to Alice's repository;
when Bob cloned Alice's repository, git stored the location of her
-repository in the file .git/remotes/origin, and that location is used
-as the default for pulls.
-
-Bob may also notice a branch in his repository that he didn't create:
+repository in the repository configuration, and that location is
+used for pulls:
-------------------------------------
-$ git branch
-* master
- origin
+$ git repo-config --get remote.origin.url
+/home/bob/myrepo
-------------------------------------
-The "origin" branch, which was created automatically by "git clone",
-is a pristine copy of Alice's master branch; Bob should never commit
-to it.
+(The complete configuration created by git-clone is visible using
+"git repo-config -l", and the gitlink:git-repo-config[1] man page
+explains the meaning of each option.)
+
+Git also keeps a pristine copy of Alice's master branch under the
+name "origin/master":
+
+-------------------------------------
+$ git branch -r
+ origin/master
+-------------------------------------
If Bob later decides to work from a different host, he can still
perform clones and pulls using the ssh protocol:
$ git show c82a22c39cbc32576f64f5c6b3f24b99ea8149c7
-------------------------------------
-But there other ways to refer to commits. You can use any initial
+But there are other ways to refer to commits. You can use any initial
part of the name that is long enough to uniquely identify the commit:
-------------------------------------
$ git show experimental # the tip of the "experimental" branch
-------------------------------------
-Every commit has at least one "parent" commit, which points to the
-previous state of the project:
+Every commit usually has one "parent" commit
+which points to the previous state of the project:
-------------------------------------
$ git show HEAD^ # to see the parent of HEAD
$ git diff v2.5:Makefile HEAD:Makefile.in
-------------------------------------
-You can also use "git cat-file -p" to see any such file:
+You can also use "git show" to see any such file:
-------------------------------------
-$ git cat-file -p v2.5:Makefile
+$ git show v2.5:Makefile
-------------------------------------
Next Steps