important for those who are used to "git add -u" (without pathspec)
updating the index only for paths in the current subdirectory to start
training their fingers to explicitly say "git add -u ." when they mean
-it before Git 2.0 comes.
+it before Git 2.0 comes. A warning is issued when these commands are
+run without a pathspec and when you have local changes outside the
+current directory, because the behaviour in Git 2.0 will be different
+from today's version in such a situation.
+
+In Git 2.0, "git add <path>" will behave as "git add -A <path>", so
+that "git add dir/" will notice paths you removed from the directory
+and record the removal. Versions before Git 2.0, including this
+release, will keep ignoring removals, but the users who rely on this
+behaviour is encouraged to use "git add --ignore-removal <path>" and
+get used to it.
Updates since v1.8.2
--------------------
+Foreign interface
+
+ * remote-hg and remote-bzr helpers (in contrib/) have been updated.
+
+
UI, Workflows & Features
+ * "git branch --vv" learned to paint the name of the branch it
+ integrates with in a different color (color.branch.upstream,
+ which defaults to blue).
+
+ * In a sparsely populated working tree, "git checkout <pathspec>" no
+ longer unmarks paths that match the given pathspec that were
+ originally ignored with "--sparse" (use --ignore-skip-worktree-bits
+ option to resurrect these paths out of the index if you really want
+ to).
+
+ * "git log --format" specifier learned %C(auto) token that tells Git
+ to use color when interpolating %d (decoration), %h (short commit
+ object name), etc. for terminal output.
+
+ * "git bisect" leaves the final outcome as a comment in its bisect
+ log file.
+
+ * "git clone --reference" can now refer to a gitfile "textual symlink"
+ that points at the real location of the repository.
+
+ * "git count-objects" learned "--human-readable" aka "-H" option to
+ show various large numbers in Ki/Mi/GiB scaled as necessary.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick $blob" and "git cherry-pick $tree" are nonsense,
+ and a more readable error message e.g. "can't cherry-pick a tree"
+ is given (we used to say "expected exactly one commit").
+
+ * The "--annotate" option to "git send-email" can be turned on (or
+ off) by default with sendemail.annotate configuration variable (you
+ can use --no-annotate from the command line to override it).
+
+ * The "--cover-letter" option to "git format-patch" can be turned on
+ (or off) by default with format.coverLetter configuration
+ variable. By setting it to 'auto', you can turn it on only for a
+ series with two or more patches.
+
+ * The bash completion support (in contrib/) learned that cherry-pick
+ takes a few more options than it already knew about.
+
+ * "git help" learned "-g" option to show the list of guides just like
+ list of commands are given with "-a".
+
+ * A triangular "pull from one place, push to another place" workflow
+ is supported better by new remote.pushdefault (overrides the
+ "origin" thing) and branch.*.pushremote (overrides the
+ branch.*.remote) configuration variables.
+
+ * "git status" learned to report that you are in the middle of a
+ revert session, just like it does for a cherry-pick and a bisect
+ session.
+
+ * The handling by "git branch --set-upstream-to" against various forms
+ of erroneous inputs was suboptimal and has been improved.
+
+ * When the interactive access to git-shell is not enabled, it issues
+ a message meant to help the system administrator to enable it.
+ An explicit way to help the end users who connect to the service by
+ issuing custom messages to refuse such an access has been added.
+
+ * In addition to the case where the user edits the log message with
+ the "e)dit" option of "am -i", replace the "Applying: this patch"
+ message with the final log message contents after applymsg hook
+ munges it.
+
+ * "git status" suggests users to look into using --untracked=no option
+ when it takes too long.
+
+ * "git status" shows a bit more information to "git status" during a
+ rebase/bisect session.
+
+ * "git fetch" learned to fetch a commit at the tip of an unadvertised
+ ref by specifying a raw object name from the command line when the
+ server side supports this feature.
+ * Output from "git log --graph" works better with submodule log
+ output now.
-Foreign Interface
+ * "git count-objects -v" learned to report leftover temporary
+ packfiles and other garbage in the object store.
+ * A new read-only credential helper (in contrib/) to interact with
+ the .netrc/.authinfo files has been added.
+
+ * "git send-email" can be used with the credential helper system.
+
+ * There was no Porcelain way to say "I no longer am interested in
+ this submodule", once you express your interest in a submodule with
+ "submodule init". "submodule deinit" is the way to do so.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" learned to pass "-v/-q" options to underlying
+ "git rebase".
+
+ * The new "--follow-tags" option tells "git push" to push relevant
+ annotated tags when pushing branches out.
+
+ * "git merge" and "git pull" can optionally be told to inspect and
+ reject when merging a commit that does not carry a trusted GPG
+ signature.
+
+ * "git mergetool" now feeds files to the "p4merge" backend in the
+ order that matches the p4 convention, where "theirs" is usually
+ shown on the left side, which is the opposite from other backend
+ expects.
+
+ * "show/log" now honors gpg.program configuration just like other
+ parts of the code that use GnuPG.
+
+ * "git log" that shows the difference between the parent and the
+ child has been optimized somewhat.
+
+ * "git difftool" allows the user to write into the temporary files
+ being shown; if the user makes changes to the working tree at the
+ same time, one of the changes has to be lost in such a case, but it
+ tells the user what happened and refrains from overwriting the copy
+ in the working tree.
+
+ * There was no good way to ask "I have a random string that came from
+ outside world. I want to turn it into a 40-hex object name while
+ making sure such an object exists". A new peeling suffix ^{object}
+ can be used for that purpose, together with "rev-parse --verify".
Performance, Internal Implementation, etc.
* Updates for building under msvc.
+ * A handful of issues in the code to traverse working tree to find
+ untracked and/or ignored files have been fixed, and the general
+ codepath involved in "status -u" and "clean" have been cleaned up
+ and optimized.
+
+ * The stack footprint of some codepaths that access an object from a
+ pack has been shrunk.
-Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+ * The logic to coalesce the same lines removed from the parents in
+ the output from "diff -c/--cc" has been updated, but with an O(n^2)
+ complexity, so this might turn out to be undesirable.
+
+ * The code to enforce permission bits on files in $GIT_DIR/ for
+ shared repositories have been simplified.
+
+ * A few codepaths knew how much data they need to put in the
+ hashtables they use upfront, but still started from a small table
+ repeatedly growing and rehashing.
+
+ * The API to walk reflog entries from the latest to older, which was
+ necessary for operations such as "git checkout -", was cumbersome
+ to use correctly and also inefficient.
+
+ * Codepaths that inspect log-message-to-be and decide when to add a
+ new Signed-off-by line in various commands have been consolidated.
+
+ * The pkt-line API, implementation and its callers have been cleaned
+ up to make them more robust.
+
+ * Cygwin port has a faster-but-lying lstat(2) emulation whose
+ incorrectness does not matter in practice except for a few
+ codepaths, and setting permission bits to directories is a codepath
+ that needs to use a more correct one.
+
+ * "git checkout" had repeated pathspec matches on the same paths,
+ which have been consolidated. Also a bug in "git checkout dir/"
+ that is started from an unmerged index has been fixed.
+
+ * A few bugfixes to "git rerere" working on corner case merge
+ conflicts have been applied.
+
+
+Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v1.8.2
track are contained in this release (see release notes to them for
details).
+ * When receive-pack detects error in the pack header it received in
+ order to decide which of unpack-objects or index-pack to run, it
+ returned without closing the error stream, which led to a hang
+ sideband thread.
+
+ * Zsh completion forgot that '%' character used to signal untracked
+ files needs to be escaped with another '%'.
+
+ * A commit object whose author or committer ident are malformed
+ crashed some code that trusted that a name, an email and an
+ timestamp can always be found in it.
+
+ * When "upload-pack" fails while generating a pack in response to
+ "git fetch" (or "git clone"), the receiving side mistakenly said
+ there was a programming error to trigger the die handler
+ recursively.
+
+ * "rev-list --stdin" and friends kept bogus pointers into input
+ buffer around as human readble object names. This was not a huge
+ problem but was exposed by a new change that uses these names in
+ error output.
+ (merge 70d26c6 tr/copy-revisions-from-stdin later to maint).
+
+ * Smart-capable HTTP servers were not restricted via the
+ GIT_NAMESPACE mechanism when talking with commit-walker clients,
+ like they do when talking with smart HTTP clients.
+ (merge 6130f86 jk/http-dumb-namespaces later to maint).
+
+ * "git merge-tree" did not omit a merge result that is identical to
+ "our" side in certain cases.
+ (merge aacecc3 jk/merge-tree-added-identically later to maint).
+
+ * Perl scripts like "git-svn" closed (not redirecting to /dev/null)
+ the standard error stream, which is not a very smart thing to do.
+ Later open may return file descriptor #2 for unrelated purpose, and
+ error reporting code may write into them.
+
+ * "git show-branch" was not prepared to show a very long run of
+ ancestor operators e.g. foobar^2~2^2^2^2...^2~4 correctly.
+
+ * "git diff --diff-algorithm algo" is also understood as "git diff
+ --diff-algorithm=algo".
+
+ * The new core.commentchar configuration was not applied to a few
+ places.
+
+ * "git bundle" did not like a bundle created using a commit without
+ any message as its one of the prerequistes.
+
+ * "git log -S/-G" started paying attention to textconv filter, but
+ there was no way to disable this. Make it honor --no-textconv
+ option.
+
+ * When used with "-d temporary-directory" option, "git filter-branch"
+ failed to come back to the original working tree to perform the
+ final clean-up procedure.
+
+ * "git merge $(git rev-parse v1.8.2)" behaved quite differently from
+ "git merge v1.8.2", as if v1.8.2 were written as v1.8.2^0 and did
+ not pay much attention to the annotated tag payload. Make the code
+ notice the type of the tag object, in addition to the dwim_ref()
+ based classification the current code uses (i.e. the name appears
+ in refs/tags/) to decide when to special case merging of tags.
+
+ * Fix 1.8.1.x regression that stopped matching "dir" (without
+ trailing slash) to a directory "dir".
+ (merge efa5f82 jc/directory-attrs-regression-fix later to maint-1.8.1).
+
+ * "git apply --whitespace=fix" was not prepared to see a line getting
+ longer after fixing whitespaces (e.g. tab-in-indent aka Python).
+ (merge 329b26e jc/apply-ws-fix-tab-in-indent later to maint-1.8.1).
+
+ * The prompt string generator (in contrib/completion/) did not notice
+ when we are in a middle of a "git revert" session.
+
+ * "submodule summary --summary-limit" option did not support
+ "--option=value" form.
+
+ * "index-pack --fix-thin" used an uninitialized value to compute
+ delta depths of objects it appends to the resulting pack.
+
+ * "index-pack --verify-stat" used a few counters outside protection
+ of mutex, possibly showing incorrect numbers.
+
+ * The code to keep track of what directory names are known to Git on
+ platforms with case insensitive filesystems can get confused upon a
+ hash collision between these pathnames and looped forever.
+
+ * Annotated tags outside refs/tags/ hierarchy were not advertised
+ correctly to the ls-remote and fetch with recent version of Git.
+
+ * Recent optimization broke shallow clones.
+
+ * "git cmd -- ':(top'" was not diagnosed as an invalid syntax, and
+ instead the parser kept reading beyond the end of the string.
+
+ * "git tag -f <tag>" always said "Updated tag '<tag>'" even when
+ creating a new tag (i.e. not overwriting nor updating).
+
+ * "git p4" did not behave well when the path to the root of the P4
+ client was not its real path.
+ (merge bbd8486 pw/p4-symlinked-root later to maint).
+
+ * "git archive" reports a failure when asked to create an archive out
+ of an empty tree. It would be more intuitive to give an empty
+ archive back in such a case.
+
+ * When "format-patch" quoted a non-ascii strings on the header files,
+ it incorrectly applied rfc2047 and chopped a single character in
+ the middle of it.
+
+ * An aliased command spawned from a bare repository that does not say
+ it is bare with "core.bare = yes" is treated as non-bare by mistake.
+
+ * In "git reflog expire", REACHABLE bit was not cleared from the
+ correct objects.
+
+ * The logic used by "git diff -M --stat" to shorten the names of
+ files before and after a rename did not work correctly when the
+ common prefix and suffix between the two filenames overlapped.
+
+ * The "--match=<pattern>" option of "git describe", when used with
+ "--all" to allow refs that are not annotated tags to be used as a
+ base of description, did not restrict the output from the command
+ to those that match the given pattern.
+
+ * Clarify in the documentation "what" gets pushed to "where" when the
+ command line to "git push" does not say these explicitly.
+
* The "--color=<when>" argument to the commands in the diff family
was described poorly.
- (merge 3d0e75f jc/color-diff-doc later to maint).
* The arguments given to pre-rebase hook were not documented.
- (merge 0414acc wk/doc-pre-rebase later to maint).
* The v4 index format was not documented.
- (merge 647d879 nd/doc-index-format later to maint).
* The "--match=<pattern>" argument "git describe" takes uses glob
pattern but it wasn't obvious from the documentation.
- (merge 5229149 gp/describe-match-uses-glob-pattern later to maint).
* Some sources failed to compile on systems that lack NI_MAXHOST in
their system header (e.g. z/OS).
- (merge 3b130ade dm/ni-maxhost-may-be-missing later to maint).
* Add an example use of "--env-filter" in "filter-branch"
documentation.
- (merge 21b6e4f tk/doc-filter-branch later to maint).
* "git bundle verify" did not say "records a complete history" for a
bundle that does not have any prerequisites.
- (merge a02ffe0 lf/bundle-verify-list-prereqs later to maint).
* In the v1.8.0 era, we changed symbols that do not have to be global
to file scope static, but a few functions in graph.c were used by
CGit from sideways bypassing the entry points of the API the
in-tree users use.
- (merge ac751a0 jk/graph-c-expose-symbols-for-cgit later to maint).
+
+ * "git update-index -h" did not do the usual "-h(elp)" thing.
+
+ * "git index-pack" had a buffer-overflow while preparing an
+ informational message when the translated version of it was too
+ long.
+
+ * 'git commit -m "$msg"' used to add an extra newline even when
+ $msg already ended with one.
+
+ * The SSL peer verification done by "git imap-send" did not ask for
+ Server Name Indication (RFC 4366), failing to connect SSL/TLS
+ sites that serve multiple hostnames on a single IP.
+
+ * perl/Git.pm::cat_blob slurped everything in core only to write it
+ out to a file descriptor, which was not a very smart thing to do.
+
+ * "git branch" did not bother to check nonsense command line
+ parameters and issue errors in many cases.
+
+ * Verification of signed tags were not done correctly when not in C
+ or en/US locale.
+
+ * Some platforms and users spell UTF-8 differently; retry with the
+ most official "UTF-8" when the system does not understand the
+ user-supplied encoding name that are the common alternative
+ spellings of UTF-8.
+
+ * When export-subst is used, "zip" output recorded incorrect
+ size of the file.
+
+ * "git am $maildir/" applied messages in an unexpected order; sort
+ filenames read from the maildir/ in a way that is more likely to
+ sort messages in the order the writing MUA meant to, by sorting
+ numeric segment in numeric order and non-numeric segment in
+ alphabetical order.
+
+ * "git submodule update", when recursed into sub-submodules, did not
+ accumulate the prefix paths.