Merge branch 'ew/fd-cloexec-fix'
[gitweb.git] / contrib / hooks / multimail / git_multimail.py
index c06ce7a5158175b684a70e6a148031593a12fb47..73fdda6b14e331871cf4879ba85906b09cc0add3 100755 (executable)
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
-#! /usr/bin/env python2
+#! /usr/bin/env python
 
-# Copyright (c) 2015 Matthieu Moy and others
+__version__ = '1.4.0'
+
+# Copyright (c) 2015-2016 Matthieu Moy and others
 # Copyright (c) 2012-2014 Michael Haggerty and others
 # Derived from contrib/hooks/post-receive-email, which is
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Andy Parkins
 import subprocess
 import shlex
 import optparse
+import logging
 import smtplib
+try:
+    import ssl
+except ImportError:
+    # Python < 2.6 do not have ssl, but that's OK if we don't use it.
+    pass
 import time
+import cgi
+
+PYTHON3 = sys.version_info >= (3, 0)
+
+if sys.version_info <= (2, 5):
+    def all(iterable):
+        for element in iterable:
+            if not element:
+                return False
+            return True
+
+
+def is_ascii(s):
+    return all(ord(c) < 128 and ord(c) > 0 for c in s)
+
+
+if PYTHON3:
+    def is_string(s):
+        return isinstance(s, str)
+
+    def str_to_bytes(s):
+        return s.encode(ENCODING)
+
+    def bytes_to_str(s, errors='strict'):
+        return s.decode(ENCODING, errors)
+
+    unicode = str
+
+    def write_str(f, msg):
+        # Try outputing with the default encoding. If it fails,
+        # try UTF-8.
+        try:
+            f.buffer.write(msg.encode(sys.getdefaultencoding()))
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            f.buffer.write(msg.encode(ENCODING))
+
+    def read_line(f):
+        # Try reading with the default encoding. If it fails,
+        # try UTF-8.
+        out = f.buffer.readline()
+        try:
+            return out.decode(sys.getdefaultencoding())
+        except UnicodeEncodeError:
+            return out.decode(ENCODING)
+else:
+    def is_string(s):
+        try:
+            return isinstance(s, basestring)
+        except NameError:  # Silence Pyflakes warning
+            raise
+
+    def str_to_bytes(s):
+        return s
+
+    def bytes_to_str(s, errors='strict'):
+        return s
+
+    def write_str(f, msg):
+        f.write(msg)
+
+    def read_line(f):
+        return f.readline()
+
+    def next(it):
+        return it.next()
+
 
 try:
+    from email.charset import Charset
     from email.utils import make_msgid
     from email.utils import getaddresses
     from email.utils import formataddr
     from email.header import Header
 except ImportError:
     # Prior to Python 2.5, the email module used different names:
+    from email.Charset import Charset
     from email.Utils import make_msgid
     from email.Utils import getaddresses
     from email.Utils import formataddr
 To: %(recipients)s
 Subject: %(subject)s
 MIME-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=%(charset)s
+Content-Type: text/%(contenttype)s; charset=%(charset)s
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 Message-ID: %(msgid)s
 From: %(fromaddr)s
 X-Git-Reftype: %(refname_type)s
 X-Git-Oldrev: %(oldrev)s
 X-Git-Newrev: %(newrev)s
+X-Git-NotificationType: ref_changed
+X-Git-Multimail-Version: %(multimail_version)s
 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
 """
 
             \\
              O -- O -- O   (%(oldrev_short)s)
 
-Any revisions marked "omits" are not gone; other references still
-refer to them.  Any revisions marked "discards" are gone forever.
+Any revisions marked "omit" are not gone; other references still
+refer to them.  Any revisions marked "discard" are gone forever.
 """
 
 
 revisions, and so the following emails describe only the N revisions
 from the common base, B.
 
-Any revisions marked "omits" are not gone; other references still
-refer to them.  Any revisions marked "discards" are gone forever.
+Any revisions marked "omit" are not gone; other references still
+refer to them.  Any revisions marked "discard" are gone forever.
 """
 
 
 NEW_REVISIONS_TEMPLATE = """\
 The %(tot)s revisions listed above as "new" are entirely new to this
 repository and will be described in separate emails.  The revisions
-listed as "adds" were already present in the repository and have only
+listed as "add" were already present in the repository and have only
 been added to this reference.
 
 """
 
 
 TAG_CREATED_TEMPLATE = """\
-        at  %(newrev_short)-9s (%(newrev_type)s)
+      at %(newrev_short)-8s (%(newrev_type)s)
 """
 
 
 TAG_UPDATED_TEMPLATE = """\
 *** WARNING: tag %(short_refname)s was modified! ***
 
-      from  %(oldrev_short)-9s (%(oldrev_type)s)
-        to  %(newrev_short)-9s (%(newrev_type)s)
+    from %(oldrev_short)-8s (%(oldrev_type)s)
+      to %(newrev_short)-8s (%(newrev_type)s)
 """
 
 
 # The template used in summary tables.  It looks best if this uses the
 # same alignment as TAG_CREATED_TEMPLATE and TAG_UPDATED_TEMPLATE.
 BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE = """\
-%(action)10s  %(rev_short)-9s %(text)s
+%(action)8s %(rev_short)-8s %(text)s
 """
 
 
 Cc: %(cc_recipients)s
 Subject: %(emailprefix)s%(num)02d/%(tot)02d: %(oneline)s
 MIME-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=%(charset)s
+Content-Type: text/%(contenttype)s; charset=%(charset)s
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 From: %(fromaddr)s
 Reply-To: %(reply_to)s
 X-Git-Refname: %(refname)s
 X-Git-Reftype: %(refname_type)s
 X-Git-Rev: %(rev)s
+X-Git-NotificationType: diff
+X-Git-Multimail-Version: %(multimail_version)s
 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
 """
 
 
 """
 
+LINK_TEXT_TEMPLATE = """\
+View the commit online:
+%(browse_url)s
+
+"""
+
+LINK_HTML_TEMPLATE = """\
+<p><a href="%(browse_url)s">View the commit online</a>.</p>
+"""
+
 
 REVISION_FOOTER_TEMPLATE = FOOTER_TEMPLATE
 
 To: %(recipients)s
 Subject: %(subject)s
 MIME-Version: 1.0
-Content-Type: text/plain; charset=%(charset)s
+Content-Type: text/%(contenttype)s; charset=%(charset)s
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 Message-ID: %(msgid)s
 From: %(fromaddr)s
 X-Git-Oldrev: %(oldrev)s
 X-Git-Newrev: %(newrev)s
 X-Git-Rev: %(rev)s
+X-Git-NotificationType: ref_changed_plus_diff
+X-Git-Multimail-Version: %(multimail_version)s
 Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
 """
 
@@ -352,12 +444,19 @@ def read_git_output(args, input=None, keepends=False, **kw):
 def read_output(cmd, input=None, keepends=False, **kw):
     if input:
         stdin = subprocess.PIPE
+        input = str_to_bytes(input)
     else:
         stdin = None
+    errors = 'strict'
+    if 'errors' in kw:
+        errors = kw['errors']
+        del kw['errors']
     p = subprocess.Popen(
-        cmd, stdin=stdin, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, **kw
+        tuple(str_to_bytes(w) for w in cmd),
+        stdin=stdin, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, **kw
         )
     (out, err) = p.communicate(input)
+    out = bytes_to_str(out, errors=errors)
     retcode = p.wait()
     if retcode:
         raise CommandError(cmd, retcode)
@@ -418,26 +517,37 @@ def git_log(spec, **kw):
 def header_encode(text, header_name=None):
     """Encode and line-wrap the value of an email header field."""
 
-    try:
-        if isinstance(text, str):
-            text = text.decode(ENCODING, 'replace')
-        return Header(text, header_name=header_name).encode()
-    except UnicodeEncodeError:
-        return Header(text, header_name=header_name, charset=CHARSET,
-                      errors='replace').encode()
+    # Convert to unicode, if required.
+    if not isinstance(text, unicode):
+        text = unicode(text, 'utf-8')
+
+    if is_ascii(text):
+        charset = 'ascii'
+    else:
+        charset = 'utf-8'
+
+    return Header(text, header_name=header_name, charset=Charset(charset)).encode()
 
 
 def addr_header_encode(text, header_name=None):
     """Encode and line-wrap the value of an email header field containing
     email addresses."""
 
-    return Header(
-        ', '.join(
-            formataddr((header_encode(name), emailaddr))
-            for name, emailaddr in getaddresses([text])
-            ),
-        header_name=header_name
-        ).encode()
+    # Convert to unicode, if required.
+    if not isinstance(text, unicode):
+        text = unicode(text, 'utf-8')
+
+    text = ', '.join(
+        formataddr((header_encode(name), emailaddr))
+        for name, emailaddr in getaddresses([text])
+        )
+
+    if is_ascii(text):
+        charset = 'ascii'
+    else:
+        charset = 'utf-8'
+
+    return Header(text, header_name=header_name, charset=Charset(charset)).encode()
 
 
 class Config(object):
@@ -464,6 +574,28 @@ def _split(s):
         assert words[-1] == ''
         return words[:-1]
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def add_config_parameters(c):
+        """Add configuration parameters to Git.
+
+        c is either an str or a list of str, each element being of the
+        form 'var=val' or 'var', with the same syntax and meaning as
+        the argument of 'git -c var=val'.
+        """
+        if isinstance(c, str):
+            c = (c,)
+        parameters = os.environ.get('GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS', '')
+        if parameters:
+            parameters += ' '
+        # git expects GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS to be of the form
+        #    "'name1=value1' 'name2=value2' 'name3=value3'"
+        # including everything inside the double quotes (but not the double
+        # quotes themselves).  Spacing is critical.  Also, if a value contains
+        # a literal single quote that quote must be represented using the
+        # four character sequence: '\''
+        parameters += ' '.join("'" + x.replace("'", "'\\''") + "'" for x in c)
+        os.environ['GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS'] = parameters
+
     def get(self, name, default=None):
         try:
             values = self._split(read_git_output(
@@ -496,7 +628,8 @@ def get_all(self, name, default=None):
                 ['config', '--get-all', '--null', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name)],
                 env=self.env, keepends=True,
                 ))
-        except CommandError, e:
+        except CommandError:
+            t, e, traceback = sys.exc_info()
             if e.retcode == 1:
                 # "the section or key is invalid"; i.e., there is no
                 # value for the specified key.
@@ -504,18 +637,6 @@ def get_all(self, name, default=None):
             else:
                 raise
 
-    def get_recipients(self, name, default=None):
-        """Read a recipients list from the configuration.
-
-        Return the result as a comma-separated list of email
-        addresses, or default if the option is unset.  If the setting
-        has multiple values, concatenate them with comma separators."""
-
-        lines = self.get_all(name, default=None)
-        if lines is None:
-            return default
-        return ', '.join(line.strip() for line in lines)
-
     def set(self, name, value):
         read_git_output(
             ['config', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name), value],
@@ -542,7 +663,8 @@ def unset_all(self, name):
                 ['config', '--unset-all', '%s.%s' % (self.section, name)],
                 env=self.env,
                 )
-        except CommandError, e:
+        except CommandError:
+            t, e, traceback = sys.exc_info()
             if e.retcode == 5:
                 # The name doesn't exist, which is what we wanted anyway...
                 pass
@@ -636,7 +758,7 @@ def get_summary(self):
         if not self.sha1:
             raise ValueError('Empty commit has no summary')
 
-        return iter(generate_summaries('--no-walk', self.sha1)).next()
+        return next(iter(generate_summaries('--no-walk', self.sha1)))
 
     def __eq__(self, other):
         return isinstance(other, GitObject) and self.sha1 == other.sha1
@@ -647,6 +769,10 @@ def __hash__(self):
     def __nonzero__(self):
         return bool(self.sha1)
 
+    def __bool__(self):
+        """Python 2 backward compatibility"""
+        return self.__nonzero__()
+
     def __str__(self):
         return self.sha1 or ZEROS
 
@@ -661,6 +787,12 @@ class Change(object):
     def __init__(self, environment):
         self.environment = environment
         self._values = None
+        self._contains_html_diff = False
+
+    def _contains_diff(self):
+        # We do contain a diff, should it be rendered in HTML?
+        if self.environment.commit_email_format == "html":
+            self._contains_html_diff = True
 
     def _compute_values(self):
         """Return a dictionary {keyword: expansion} for this Change.
@@ -670,7 +802,18 @@ def _compute_values(self):
         get_values().  The return value should always be a new
         dictionary."""
 
-        return self.environment.get_values()
+        values = self.environment.get_values()
+        fromaddr = self.environment.get_fromaddr(change=self)
+        if fromaddr is not None:
+            values['fromaddr'] = fromaddr
+        values['multimail_version'] = get_version()
+        return values
+
+    # Aliases usable in template strings. Tuple of pairs (destination,
+    # source).
+    VALUES_ALIAS = (
+        ("id", "newrev"),
+        )
 
     def get_values(self, **extra_values):
         """Return a dictionary {keyword: expansion} for this Change.
@@ -687,6 +830,9 @@ def get_values(self, **extra_values):
         values = self._values.copy()
         if extra_values:
             values.update(extra_values)
+
+        for alias, val in self.VALUES_ALIAS:
+            values[alias] = values[val]
         return values
 
     def expand(self, template, **extra_values):
@@ -699,10 +845,14 @@ def expand(self, template, **extra_values):
 
         return template % self.get_values(**extra_values)
 
-    def expand_lines(self, template, **extra_values):
+    def expand_lines(self, template, html_escape_val=False, **extra_values):
         """Break template into lines and expand each line."""
 
         values = self.get_values(**extra_values)
+        if html_escape_val:
+            for k in values:
+                if is_string(values[k]):
+                    values[k] = cgi.escape(values[k], True)
         for line in template.splitlines(True):
             yield line % values
 
@@ -713,12 +863,19 @@ def expand_header_lines(self, template, **extra_values):
         skip lines that contain references to unknown variables."""
 
         values = self.get_values(**extra_values)
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            self._content_type = 'html'
+        else:
+            self._content_type = 'plain'
+        values['contenttype'] = self._content_type
+
         for line in template.splitlines():
-            (name, value) = line.split(':', 1)
+            (name, value) = line.split(': ', 1)
 
             try:
                 value = value % values
-            except KeyError, e:
+            except KeyError:
+                t, e, traceback = sys.exc_info()
                 if DEBUG:
                     self.environment.log_warning(
                         'Warning: unknown variable %r in the following line; line skipped:\n'
@@ -740,7 +897,11 @@ def generate_email_header(self):
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def generate_email_intro(self):
+    def generate_browse_link(self, base_url):
+        """Generate a link to an online repository browser."""
+        return iter(())
+
+    def generate_email_intro(self, html_escape_val=False):
         """Generate the email intro for this Change, a line at a time.
 
         The output will be used as the standard boilerplate at the top
@@ -756,7 +917,7 @@ def generate_email_body(self):
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
-    def generate_email_footer(self):
+    def generate_email_footer(self, html_escape_val):
         """Generate the footer of the email, a line at a time.
 
         The footer is always included, irrespective of
@@ -764,6 +925,24 @@ def generate_email_footer(self):
 
         raise NotImplementedError()
 
+    def _wrap_for_html(self, lines):
+        """Wrap the lines in HTML <pre> tag when using HTML format.
+
+        Escape special HTML characters and add <pre> and </pre> tags around
+        the given lines if we should be generating HTML as indicated by
+        self._contains_html_diff being set to true.
+        """
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            yield "<pre style='margin:0'>\n"
+
+            for line in lines:
+                yield cgi.escape(line)
+
+            yield '</pre>\n'
+        else:
+            for line in lines:
+                yield line
+
     def generate_email(self, push, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
         """Generate an email describing this change.
 
@@ -779,18 +958,91 @@ def generate_email(self, push, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
         for line in self.generate_email_header(**extra_header_values):
             yield line
         yield '\n'
-        for line in self.generate_email_intro():
+        html_escape_val = (self.environment.html_in_intro and
+                           self._contains_html_diff)
+        intro = self.generate_email_intro(html_escape_val)
+        if not self.environment.html_in_intro:
+            intro = self._wrap_for_html(intro)
+        for line in intro:
             yield line
 
+        if self.environment.commitBrowseURL:
+            for line in self.generate_browse_link(self.environment.commitBrowseURL):
+                yield line
+
         body = self.generate_email_body(push)
         if body_filter is not None:
             body = body_filter(body)
+
+        diff_started = False
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            # "white-space: pre" is the default, but we need to
+            # specify it again in case the message is viewed in a
+            # webmail which wraps it in an element setting white-space
+            # to something else (Zimbra does this and sets
+            # white-space: pre-line).
+            yield '<pre style="white-space: pre; background: #F8F8F8">'
         for line in body:
-            yield line
+            if self._contains_html_diff:
+                # This is very, very naive. It would be much better to really
+                # parse the diff, i.e. look at how many lines do we have in
+                # the hunk headers instead of blindly highlighting everything
+                # that looks like it might be part of a diff.
+                bgcolor = ''
+                fgcolor = ''
+                if line.startswith('--- a/'):
+                    diff_started = True
+                    bgcolor = 'e0e0ff'
+                elif line.startswith('diff ') or line.startswith('index '):
+                    diff_started = True
+                    fgcolor = '808080'
+                elif diff_started:
+                    if line.startswith('+++ '):
+                        bgcolor = 'e0e0ff'
+                    elif line.startswith('@@'):
+                        bgcolor = 'e0e0e0'
+                    elif line.startswith('+'):
+                        bgcolor = 'e0ffe0'
+                    elif line.startswith('-'):
+                        bgcolor = 'ffe0e0'
+                elif line.startswith('commit '):
+                    fgcolor = '808000'
+                elif line.startswith('    '):
+                    fgcolor = '404040'
+
+                # Chop the trailing LF, we don't want it inside <pre>.
+                line = cgi.escape(line[:-1])
+
+                if bgcolor or fgcolor:
+                    style = 'display:block; white-space:pre;'
+                    if bgcolor:
+                        style += 'background:#' + bgcolor + ';'
+                    if fgcolor:
+                        style += 'color:#' + fgcolor + ';'
+                    # Use a <span style='display:block> to color the
+                    # whole line. The newline must be inside the span
+                    # to display properly both in Firefox and in
+                    # text-based browser.
+                    line = "<span style='%s'>%s\n</span>" % (style, line)
+                else:
+                    line = line + '\n'
 
-        for line in self.generate_email_footer():
+            yield line
+        if self._contains_html_diff:
+            yield '</pre>'
+        html_escape_val = (self.environment.html_in_footer and
+                           self._contains_html_diff)
+        footer = self.generate_email_footer(html_escape_val)
+        if not self.environment.html_in_footer:
+            footer = self._wrap_for_html(footer)
+        for line in footer:
             yield line
 
+    def get_specific_fromaddr(self):
+        """For kinds of Changes which specify it, return the kind-specific
+        From address to use."""
+        return None
+
 
 class Revision(Change):
     """A Change consisting of a single git commit."""
@@ -813,7 +1065,7 @@ def __init__(self, reference_change, rev, num, tot):
             self.cc_recipients = ', '.join(to.strip() for to in self._cc_recipients())
             if self.cc_recipients:
                 self.environment.log_msg(
-                    'Add %s to CC for %s\n' % (self.cc_recipients, self.rev.sha1))
+                    'Add %s to CC for %s' % (self.cc_recipients, self.rev.sha1))
 
     def _cc_recipients(self):
         cc_recipients = []
@@ -833,10 +1085,15 @@ def _compute_values(self):
             ['log', '--format=%s', '--no-walk', self.rev.sha1]
             )
 
+        max_subject_length = self.environment.get_max_subject_length()
+        if max_subject_length > 0 and len(oneline) > max_subject_length:
+            oneline = oneline[:max_subject_length - 6] + ' [...]'
+
         values['rev'] = self.rev.sha1
         values['rev_short'] = self.rev.short
         values['change_type'] = self.change_type
         values['refname'] = self.refname
+        values['newrev'] = self.rev.sha1
         values['short_refname'] = self.reference_change.short_refname
         values['refname_type'] = self.reference_change.refname_type
         values['reply_to_msgid'] = self.reference_change.msgid
@@ -860,20 +1117,50 @@ def generate_email_header(self, **extra_values):
                 ):
             yield line
 
-    def generate_email_intro(self):
-        for line in self.expand_lines(REVISION_INTRO_TEMPLATE):
+    def generate_browse_link(self, base_url):
+        if '%(' not in base_url:
+            base_url += '%(id)s'
+        url = "".join(self.expand_lines(base_url))
+        if self._content_type == 'html':
+            for line in self.expand_lines(LINK_HTML_TEMPLATE,
+                                          html_escape_val=True,
+                                          browse_url=url):
+                yield line
+        elif self._content_type == 'plain':
+            for line in self.expand_lines(LINK_TEXT_TEMPLATE,
+                                          html_escape_val=False,
+                                          browse_url=url):
+                yield line
+        else:
+            raise NotImplementedError("Content-type %s unsupported. Please report it as a bug.")
+
+    def generate_email_intro(self, html_escape_val=False):
+        for line in self.expand_lines(REVISION_INTRO_TEMPLATE,
+                                      html_escape_val=html_escape_val):
             yield line
 
     def generate_email_body(self, push):
         """Show this revision."""
 
-        return read_git_lines(
-            ['log'] + self.environment.commitlogopts + ['-1', self.rev.sha1],
-            keepends=True,
-            )
+        for line in read_git_lines(
+                ['log'] + self.environment.commitlogopts + ['-1', self.rev.sha1],
+                keepends=True,
+                errors='replace'):
+            if line.startswith('Date:   ') and self.environment.date_substitute:
+                yield self.environment.date_substitute + line[len('Date:   '):]
+            else:
+                yield line
+
+    def generate_email_footer(self, html_escape_val):
+        return self.expand_lines(REVISION_FOOTER_TEMPLATE,
+                                 html_escape_val=html_escape_val)
 
-    def generate_email_footer(self):
-        return self.expand_lines(REVISION_FOOTER_TEMPLATE)
+    def generate_email(self, push, body_filter=None, extra_header_values={}):
+        self._contains_diff()
+        return Change.generate_email(self, push, body_filter, extra_header_values)
+
+    def get_specific_fromaddr(self):
+        return self.environment.from_commit
 
 
 class ReferenceChange(Change):
@@ -930,7 +1217,7 @@ def create(environment, oldrev, newrev, refname):
                 # Tracking branch:
                 environment.log_warning(
                     '*** Push-update of tracking branch %r\n'
-                    '***  - incomplete email generated.\n'
+                    '***  - incomplete email generated.'
                     % (refname,)
                     )
                 klass = OtherReferenceChange
@@ -938,7 +1225,7 @@ def create(environment, oldrev, newrev, refname):
                 # Some other reference namespace:
                 environment.log_warning(
                     '*** Push-update of strange reference %r\n'
-                    '***  - incomplete email generated.\n'
+                    '***  - incomplete email generated.'
                     % (refname,)
                     )
                 klass = OtherReferenceChange
@@ -946,7 +1233,7 @@ def create(environment, oldrev, newrev, refname):
             # Anything else (is there anything else?)
             environment.log_warning(
                 '*** Unknown type of update to %r (%s)\n'
-                '***  - incomplete email generated.\n'
+                '***  - incomplete email generated.'
                 % (refname, rev.type,)
                 )
             klass = OtherReferenceChange
@@ -1051,8 +1338,9 @@ def generate_email_header(self, **extra_values):
                 ):
             yield line
 
-    def generate_email_intro(self):
-        for line in self.expand_lines(self.intro_template):
+    def generate_email_intro(self, html_escape_val=False):
+        for line in self.expand_lines(self.intro_template,
+                                      html_escape_val=html_escape_val):
             yield line
 
     def generate_email_body(self, push):
@@ -1072,8 +1360,9 @@ def generate_email_body(self, push):
         for line in self.generate_revision_change_summary(push):
             yield line
 
-    def generate_email_footer(self):
-        return self.expand_lines(self.footer_template)
+    def generate_email_footer(self, html_escape_val):
+        return self.expand_lines(self.footer_template,
+                                 html_escape_val=html_escape_val)
 
     def generate_revision_change_graph(self, push):
         if self.showgraph:
@@ -1096,10 +1385,10 @@ def generate_revision_change_log(self, new_commits_list):
             yield '\n'
             yield 'Detailed log of new commits:\n\n'
             for line in read_git_lines(
-                    ['log', '--no-walk']
-                    + self.logopts
-                    + new_commits_list
-                    ['--'],
+                    ['log', '--no-walk'] +
+                    self.logopts +
+                    new_commits_list +
+                    ['--'],
                     keepends=True,
                     ):
                 yield line
@@ -1181,9 +1470,9 @@ def generate_revision_change_summary(self, push):
             if discards and adds:
                 for (sha1, subject) in discards:
                     if sha1 in discarded_commits:
-                        action = 'discards'
+                        action = 'discard'
                     else:
-                        action = 'omits'
+                        action = 'omit'
                     yield self.expand(
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action=action,
                         rev_short=sha1, text=subject,
@@ -1192,7 +1481,7 @@ def generate_revision_change_summary(self, push):
                     if sha1 in new_commits:
                         action = 'new'
                     else:
-                        action = 'adds'
+                        action = 'add'
                     yield self.expand(
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action=action,
                         rev_short=sha1, text=subject,
@@ -1204,9 +1493,9 @@ def generate_revision_change_summary(self, push):
             elif discards:
                 for (sha1, subject) in discards:
                     if sha1 in discarded_commits:
-                        action = 'discards'
+                        action = 'discard'
                     else:
-                        action = 'omits'
+                        action = 'omit'
                     yield self.expand(
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action=action,
                         rev_short=sha1, text=subject,
@@ -1225,7 +1514,7 @@ def generate_revision_change_summary(self, push):
                     if sha1 in new_commits:
                         action = 'new'
                     else:
-                        action = 'adds'
+                        action = 'add'
                     yield self.expand(
                         BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action=action,
                         rev_short=sha1, text=subject,
@@ -1253,9 +1542,9 @@ def generate_revision_change_summary(self, push):
             yield '\n'
             yield 'Summary of changes:\n'
             for line in read_git_lines(
-                    ['diff-tree']
-                    + self.diffopts
-                    ['%s..%s' % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)],
+                    ['diff-tree'] +
+                    self.diffopts +
+                    ['%s..%s' % (self.old.commit_sha1, self.new.commit_sha1,)],
                     keepends=True,
                     ):
                 yield line
@@ -1278,7 +1567,7 @@ def generate_revision_change_summary(self, push):
                 for r in discarded_revisions:
                     (sha1, subject) = r.rev.get_summary()
                     yield r.expand(
-                        BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action='discards', text=subject,
+                        BRIEF_SUMMARY_TEMPLATE, action='discard', text=subject,
                         )
                 for line in self.generate_revision_change_graph(push):
                     yield line
@@ -1316,6 +1605,9 @@ def generate_delete_summary(self, push):
             )
         yield '\n'
 
+    def get_specific_fromaddr(self):
+        return self.environment.from_refchange
+
 
 class BranchChange(ReferenceChange):
     refname_type = 'branch'
@@ -1397,9 +1689,9 @@ def split_line(line):
             # commit is a non-merge commit, though it may make sense to
             # combine if it is a merge as well.
             if not (
-                    len(new_commits) == 1
-                    and len(new_commits[0][1]) == 1
-                    and new_commits[0][0] in known_added_sha1s
+                    len(new_commits) == 1 and
+                    len(new_commits[0][1]) == 1 and
+                    new_commits[0][0] in known_added_sha1s
                     ):
                 return None
 
@@ -1432,9 +1724,18 @@ def generate_combined_email(self, push, revision, body_filter=None, extra_header
             values['subject'] = self.expand(COMBINED_REFCHANGE_REVISION_SUBJECT_TEMPLATE, **values)
 
         self._single_revision = revision
+        self._contains_diff()
         self.header_template = COMBINED_HEADER_TEMPLATE
         self.intro_template = COMBINED_INTRO_TEMPLATE
         self.footer_template = COMBINED_FOOTER_TEMPLATE
+
+        def revision_gen_link(base_url):
+            # revision is used only to generate the body, and
+            # _content_type is set while generating headers. Get it
+            # from the BranchChange object.
+            revision._content_type = self._content_type
+            return revision.generate_browse_link(base_url)
+        self.generate_browse_link = revision_gen_link
         for line in self.generate_email(push, body_filter, values):
             yield line
 
@@ -1514,13 +1815,13 @@ def describe_tag(self, push):
             except CommandError:
                 prevtag = None
             if prevtag:
-                yield '  replaces  %s\n' % (prevtag,)
+                yield ' replaces %s\n' % (prevtag,)
         else:
             prevtag = None
-            yield '    length  %s bytes\n' % (read_git_output(['cat-file', '-s', tagobject]),)
+            yield '  length %s bytes\n' % (read_git_output(['cat-file', '-s', tagobject]),)
 
-        yield ' tagged by  %s\n' % (tagger,)
-        yield '        on  %s\n' % (tagged,)
+        yield '      by %s\n' % (tagger,)
+        yield '      on %s\n' % (tagged,)
         yield '\n'
 
         # Show the content of the tag message; this might contain a
@@ -1637,6 +1938,9 @@ def __init__(self, environment, refname, short_refname, old, new, rev):
 class Mailer(object):
     """An object that can send emails."""
 
+    def __init__(self, environment):
+        self.environment = environment
+
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
         """Send an email consisting of lines.
 
@@ -1671,14 +1975,14 @@ def find_sendmail():
                 'Try setting multimailhook.sendmailCommand.'
                 )
 
-    def __init__(self, command=None, envelopesender=None):
+    def __init__(self, environment, command=None, envelopesender=None):
         """Construct a SendMailer instance.
 
         command should be the command and arguments used to invoke
         sendmail, as a list of strings.  If an envelopesender is
         provided, it will also be passed to the command, via '-f
         envelopesender'."""
-
+        super(SendMailer, self).__init__(environment)
         if command:
             self.command = command[:]
         else:
@@ -1690,27 +1994,29 @@ def __init__(self, command=None, envelopesender=None):
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
         try:
             p = subprocess.Popen(self.command, stdin=subprocess.PIPE)
-        except OSError, e:
-            sys.stderr.write(
-                '*** Cannot execute command: %s\n' % ' '.join(self.command)
-                + '*** %s\n' % str(e)
-                + '*** Try setting multimailhook.mailer to "smtp"\n'
+        except OSError:
+            self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                '*** Cannot execute command: %s\n' % ' '.join(self.command) +
+                '*** %s\n' % sys.exc_info()[1] +
+                '*** Try setting multimailhook.mailer to "smtp"\n' +
                 '*** to send emails without using the sendmail command.\n'
                 )
             sys.exit(1)
         try:
+            lines = (str_to_bytes(line) for line in lines)
             p.stdin.writelines(lines)
-        except Exception, e:
-            sys.stderr.write(
+        except Exception:
+            self.environment.get_logger().error(
                 '*** Error while generating commit email\n'
                 '***  - mail sending aborted.\n'
                 )
-            try:
+            if hasattr(p, 'terminate'):
                 # subprocess.terminate() is not available in Python 2.4
                 p.terminate()
-            except AttributeError:
-                pass
-            raise e
+            else:
+                import signal
+                os.kill(p.pid, signal.SIGTERM)
+            raise
         else:
             p.stdin.close()
             retcode = p.wait()
@@ -1721,13 +2027,16 @@ def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
 class SMTPMailer(Mailer):
     """Send emails using Python's smtplib."""
 
-    def __init__(self, envelopesender, smtpserver,
+    def __init__(self, environment,
+                 envelopesender, smtpserver,
                  smtpservertimeout=10.0, smtpserverdebuglevel=0,
                  smtpencryption='none',
                  smtpuser='', smtppass='',
+                 smtpcacerts=''
                  ):
+        super(SMTPMailer, self).__init__(environment)
         if not envelopesender:
-            sys.stderr.write(
+            self.environment.get_logger().error(
                 'fatal: git_multimail: cannot use SMTPMailer without a sender address.\n'
                 'please set either multimailhook.envelopeSender or user.email\n'
                 )
@@ -1744,6 +2053,7 @@ def __init__(self, envelopesender, smtpserver,
         self.security = smtpencryption
         self.username = smtpuser
         self.password = smtppass
+        self.smtpcacerts = smtpcacerts
         try:
             def call(klass, server, timeout):
                 try:
@@ -1754,13 +2064,56 @@ def call(klass, server, timeout):
             if self.security == 'none':
                 self.smtp = call(smtplib.SMTP, self.smtpserver, timeout=self.smtpservertimeout)
             elif self.security == 'ssl':
+                if self.smtpcacerts:
+                    raise smtplib.SMTPException(
+                        "Checking certificate is not supported for ssl, prefer starttls"
+                        )
                 self.smtp = call(smtplib.SMTP_SSL, self.smtpserver, timeout=self.smtpservertimeout)
             elif self.security == 'tls':
+                if 'ssl' not in sys.modules:
+                    self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                        '*** Your Python version does not have the ssl library installed\n'
+                        '*** smtpEncryption=tls is not available.\n'
+                        '*** Either upgrade Python to 2.6 or later\n'
+                        '    or use git_multimail.py version 1.2.\n')
                 if ':' not in self.smtpserver:
                     self.smtpserver += ':587'  # default port for TLS
                 self.smtp = call(smtplib.SMTP, self.smtpserver, timeout=self.smtpservertimeout)
+                # start: ehlo + starttls
+                # equivalent to
+                #     self.smtp.ehlo()
+                #     self.smtp.starttls()
+                # with acces to the ssl layer
                 self.smtp.ehlo()
-                self.smtp.starttls()
+                if not self.smtp.has_extn("starttls"):
+                    raise smtplib.SMTPException("STARTTLS extension not supported by server")
+                resp, reply = self.smtp.docmd("STARTTLS")
+                if resp != 220:
+                    raise smtplib.SMTPException("Wrong answer to the STARTTLS command")
+                if self.smtpcacerts:
+                    self.smtp.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(
+                        self.smtp.sock,
+                        ca_certs=self.smtpcacerts,
+                        cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_REQUIRED
+                        )
+                else:
+                    self.smtp.sock = ssl.wrap_socket(
+                        self.smtp.sock,
+                        cert_reqs=ssl.CERT_NONE
+                        )
+                    self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                        '*** Warning, the server certificat is not verified (smtp) ***\n'
+                        '***          set the option smtpCACerts                   ***\n'
+                        )
+                if not hasattr(self.smtp.sock, "read"):
+                    # using httplib.FakeSocket with Python 2.5.x or earlier
+                    self.smtp.sock.read = self.smtp.sock.recv
+                self.smtp.file = smtplib.SSLFakeFile(self.smtp.sock)
+                self.smtp.helo_resp = None
+                self.smtp.ehlo_resp = None
+                self.smtp.esmtp_features = {}
+                self.smtp.does_esmtp = 0
+                # end:   ehlo + starttls
                 self.smtp.ehlo()
             else:
                 sys.stdout.write('*** Error: Control reached an invalid option. ***')
@@ -1770,31 +2123,44 @@ def call(klass, server, timeout):
                     "*** Setting debug on for SMTP server connection (%s) ***\n"
                     % self.smtpserverdebuglevel)
                 self.smtp.set_debuglevel(self.smtpserverdebuglevel)
-        except Exception, e:
-            sys.stderr.write(
+        except Exception:
+            self.environment.get_logger().error(
                 '*** Error establishing SMTP connection to %s ***\n'
-                % self.smtpserver)
-            sys.stderr.write('*** %s\n' % str(e))
+                '*** %s\n'
+                % (self.smtpserver, sys.exc_info()[1]))
             sys.exit(1)
 
     def __del__(self):
         if hasattr(self, 'smtp'):
             self.smtp.quit()
+            del self.smtp
 
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
         try:
             if self.username or self.password:
-                sys.stderr.write("*** Authenticating as %s ***\n" % self.username)
                 self.smtp.login(self.username, self.password)
             msg = ''.join(lines)
             # turn comma-separated list into Python list if needed.
-            if isinstance(to_addrs, basestring):
+            if is_string(to_addrs):
                 to_addrs = [email for (name, email) in getaddresses([to_addrs])]
             self.smtp.sendmail(self.envelopesender, to_addrs, msg)
-        except Exception, e:
-            sys.stderr.write('*** Error sending email ***\n')
-            sys.stderr.write('*** %s\n' % str(e))
-            self.smtp.quit()
+        except smtplib.SMTPResponseException:
+            err = sys.exc_info()[1]
+            self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                '*** Error sending email ***\n'
+                '*** Error %d: %s\n'
+                % (err.smtp_code, bytes_to_str(err.smtp_error)))
+            try:
+                smtp = self.smtp
+                # delete the field before quit() so that in case of
+                # error, self.smtp is deleted anyway.
+                del self.smtp
+                smtp.quit()
+            except:
+                self.environment.get_logger().error(
+                    '*** Error closing the SMTP connection ***\n'
+                    '*** Exiting anyway ... ***\n'
+                    '*** %s\n' % sys.exc_info()[1])
             sys.exit(1)
 
 
@@ -1809,9 +2175,10 @@ def __init__(self, f):
         self.f = f
 
     def send(self, lines, to_addrs):
-        self.f.write(self.SEPARATOR)
-        self.f.writelines(lines)
-        self.f.write(self.SEPARATOR)
+        write_str(self.f, self.SEPARATOR)
+        for line in lines:
+            write_str(self.f, line)
+        write_str(self.f, self.SEPARATOR)
 
 
 def get_git_dir():
@@ -1877,11 +2244,13 @@ class Environment(object):
             Return the address to be used as the 'From' email address
             in the email envelope.
 
-        get_fromaddr()
+        get_fromaddr(change=None)
 
             Return the 'From' email address used in the email 'From:'
-            headers.  (May be a full RFC 2822 email address like 'Joe
-            User <user@example.com>'.)
+            headers.  If the change is known when this function is
+            called, it is passed in as the 'change' parameter.  (May
+            be a full RFC 2822 email address like 'Joe User
+            <user@example.com>'.)
 
         get_administrator()
 
@@ -1901,12 +2270,42 @@ class Environment(object):
             get_reply_to_commit() is used for individual commit
             emails.
 
+        get_ref_filter_regex()
+
+            Return a tuple -- a compiled regex, and a boolean indicating
+            whether the regex picks refs to include (if False, the regex
+            matches on refs to exclude).
+
+        get_default_ref_ignore_regex()
+
+            Return a regex that should be ignored for both what emails
+            to send and when computing what commits are considered new
+            to the repository.  Default is "^refs/notes/".
+
+        get_max_subject_length()
+
+            Return an int giving the maximal length for the subject
+            (git log --oneline).
+
     They should also define the following attributes:
 
         announce_show_shortlog (bool)
 
             True iff announce emails should include a shortlog.
 
+        commit_email_format (string)
+
+            If "html", generate commit emails in HTML instead of plain text
+            used by default.
+
+        html_in_intro (bool)
+        html_in_footer (bool)
+
+            When generating HTML emails, the introduction (respectively,
+            the footer) will be HTML-escaped iff html_in_intro (respectively,
+            the footer) is true. When false, only the values used to expand
+            the template are escaped.
+
         refchange_showgraph (bool)
 
             True iff refchanges emails should include a detailed graph.
@@ -1939,6 +2338,11 @@ class Environment(object):
             commit mail.  The value should be a list of strings
             representing words to be passed to the command.
 
+        date_substitute (string)
+
+            String to be used in substitution for 'Date:' at start of
+            line in the output of 'git log'.
+
         quiet (bool)
             On success do not write to stderr
 
@@ -1950,6 +2354,22 @@ class Environment(object):
             True if a combined email should be produced when a single
             new commit is pushed to a branch, False otherwise.
 
+        from_refchange, from_commit (strings)
+
+            Addresses to use for the From: field for refchange emails
+            and commit emails respectively.  Set from
+            multimailhook.fromRefchange and multimailhook.fromCommit
+            by ConfigEnvironmentMixin.
+
+        log_file, error_log_file, debug_log_file (string)
+
+            Name of a file to which logs should be sent.
+
+        verbose (int)
+
+            How verbose the system should be.
+            - 0 (default): show info, errors, ...
+            - 1 : show basic debug info
     """
 
     REPO_NAME_RE = re.compile(r'^(?P<name>.+?)(?:\.git)$')
@@ -1957,6 +2377,10 @@ class Environment(object):
     def __init__(self, osenv=None):
         self.osenv = osenv or os.environ
         self.announce_show_shortlog = False
+        self.commit_email_format = "text"
+        self.html_in_intro = False
+        self.html_in_footer = False
+        self.commitBrowseURL = None
         self.maxcommitemails = 500
         self.diffopts = ['--stat', '--summary', '--find-copies-harder']
         self.graphopts = ['--oneline', '--decorate']
@@ -1964,15 +2388,16 @@ def __init__(self, osenv=None):
         self.refchange_showgraph = False
         self.refchange_showlog = False
         self.commitlogopts = ['-C', '--stat', '-p', '--cc']
+        self.date_substitute = 'AuthorDate: '
         self.quiet = False
         self.stdout = False
         self.combine_when_single_commit = True
+        self.logger = None
 
         self.COMPUTED_KEYS = [
             'administrator',
             'charset',
             'emailprefix',
-            'fromaddr',
             'pusher',
             'pusher_email',
             'repo_path',
@@ -1982,6 +2407,12 @@ def __init__(self, osenv=None):
 
         self._values = None
 
+    def get_logger(self):
+        """Get (possibly creates) the logger associated to this environment."""
+        if self.logger is None:
+            self.logger = Logger(self)
+        return self.logger
+
     def get_repo_shortname(self):
         """Use the last part of the repo path, with ".git" stripped off if present."""
 
@@ -1998,7 +2429,7 @@ def get_pusher(self):
     def get_pusher_email(self):
         return None
 
-    def get_fromaddr(self):
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
         config = Config('user')
         fromname = config.get('name', default='')
         fromemail = config.get('email', default='')
@@ -2033,7 +2464,7 @@ def get_values(self):
         The return value is always a new dictionary."""
 
         if self._values is None:
-            values = {}
+            values = {'': ''}  # %()s expands to the empty string.
 
             for key in self.COMPUTED_KEYS:
                 value = getattr(self, 'get_%s' % (key,))()
@@ -2080,6 +2511,20 @@ def get_revision_recipients(self, revision):
     def get_reply_to_commit(self, revision):
         return revision.author
 
+    def get_default_ref_ignore_regex(self):
+        # The commit messages of git notes are essentially meaningless
+        # and "filenames" in git notes commits are an implementational
+        # detail that might surprise users at first.  As such, we
+        # would need a completely different method for handling emails
+        # of git notes in order for them to be of benefit for users,
+        # which we simply do not have right now.
+        return "^refs/notes/"
+
+    def get_max_subject_length(self):
+        """Return the maximal subject line (git log --oneline) length.
+        Longer subject lines will be truncated."""
+        raise NotImplementedError()
+
     def filter_body(self, lines):
         """Filter the lines intended for an email body.
 
@@ -2095,19 +2540,22 @@ def log_msg(self, msg):
         """Write the string msg on a log file or on stderr.
 
         Sends the text to stderr by default, override to change the behavior."""
-        sys.stderr.write(msg)
+        self.get_logger().info(msg)
 
     def log_warning(self, msg):
         """Write the string msg on a log file or on stderr.
 
         Sends the text to stderr by default, override to change the behavior."""
-        sys.stderr.write(msg)
+        self.get_logger().warning(msg)
 
     def log_error(self, msg):
         """Write the string msg on a log file or on stderr.
 
         Sends the text to stderr by default, override to change the behavior."""
-        sys.stderr.write(msg)
+        self.get_logger().error(msg)
+
+    def check(self):
+        pass
 
 
 class ConfigEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
@@ -2128,6 +2576,14 @@ def __init__(self, config, **kw):
 class ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin(ConfigEnvironmentMixin):
     """An Environment that reads most of its information from "git config"."""
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def forbid_field_values(name, value, forbidden):
+        for forbidden_val in forbidden:
+            if value is not None and value.lower() == forbidden:
+                raise ConfigurationException(
+                    '"%s" is not an allowed setting for %s' % (value, name)
+                    )
+
     def __init__(self, config, **kw):
         super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(
             config=config, **kw
@@ -2144,14 +2600,36 @@ def __init__(self, config, **kw):
             if val is not None:
                 setattr(self, var, val)
 
+        commit_email_format = config.get('commitEmailFormat')
+        if commit_email_format is not None:
+            if commit_email_format != "html" and commit_email_format != "text":
+                self.log_warning(
+                    '*** Unknown value for multimailhook.commitEmailFormat: %s\n' %
+                    commit_email_format +
+                    '*** Expected either "text" or "html".  Ignoring.\n'
+                    )
+            else:
+                self.commit_email_format = commit_email_format
+
+        html_in_intro = config.get_bool('htmlInIntro')
+        if html_in_intro is not None:
+            self.html_in_intro = html_in_intro
+
+        html_in_footer = config.get_bool('htmlInFooter')
+        if html_in_footer is not None:
+            self.html_in_footer = html_in_footer
+
+        self.commitBrowseURL = config.get('commitBrowseURL')
+
         maxcommitemails = config.get('maxcommitemails')
         if maxcommitemails is not None:
             try:
                 self.maxcommitemails = int(maxcommitemails)
             except ValueError:
                 self.log_warning(
-                    '*** Malformed value for multimailhook.maxCommitEmails: %s\n' % maxcommitemails
-                    + '*** Expected a number.  Ignoring.\n'
+                    '*** Malformed value for multimailhook.maxCommitEmails: %s\n'
+                    % maxcommitemails +
+                    '*** Expected a number.  Ignoring.\n'
                     )
 
         diffopts = config.get('diffopts')
@@ -2170,32 +2648,51 @@ def __init__(self, config, **kw):
         if commitlogopts is not None:
             self.commitlogopts = shlex.split(commitlogopts)
 
+        date_substitute = config.get('dateSubstitute')
+        if date_substitute == 'none':
+            self.date_substitute = None
+        elif date_substitute is not None:
+            self.date_substitute = date_substitute
+
         reply_to = config.get('replyTo')
         self.__reply_to_refchange = config.get('replyToRefchange', default=reply_to)
-        if (
-                self.__reply_to_refchange is not None
-                and self.__reply_to_refchange.lower() == 'author'
-                ):
-            raise ConfigurationException(
-                '"author" is not an allowed setting for replyToRefchange'
-                )
+        self.forbid_field_values('replyToRefchange',
+                                 self.__reply_to_refchange,
+                                 ['author'])
         self.__reply_to_commit = config.get('replyToCommit', default=reply_to)
 
+        self.from_refchange = config.get('fromRefchange')
+        self.forbid_field_values('fromRefchange',
+                                 self.from_refchange,
+                                 ['author', 'none'])
+        self.from_commit = config.get('fromCommit')
+        self.forbid_field_values('fromCommit',
+                                 self.from_commit,
+                                 ['none'])
+
         combine = config.get_bool('combineWhenSingleCommit')
         if combine is not None:
             self.combine_when_single_commit = combine
 
+        self.log_file = config.get('logFile', default=None)
+        self.error_log_file = config.get('errorLogFile', default=None)
+        self.debug_log_file = config.get('debugLogFile', default=None)
+        if config.get_bool('Verbose', default=False):
+            self.verbose = 1
+        else:
+            self.verbose = 0
+
     def get_administrator(self):
         return (
-            self.config.get('administrator')
-            or self.get_sender()
-            or super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_administrator()
+            self.config.get('administrator') or
+            self.get_sender() or
+            super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_administrator()
             )
 
     def get_repo_shortname(self):
         return (
-            self.config.get('reponame')
-            or super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
+            self.config.get('reponame') or
+            super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
             )
 
     def get_emailprefix(self):
@@ -2203,42 +2700,61 @@ def get_emailprefix(self):
         if emailprefix is not None:
             emailprefix = emailprefix.strip()
             if emailprefix:
-                return emailprefix + ' '
-            else:
-                return ''
+                emailprefix += ' '
         else:
-            return '[%s] ' % (self.get_repo_shortname(),)
+            emailprefix = '[%(repo_shortname)s] '
+        short_name = self.get_repo_shortname()
+        try:
+            return emailprefix % {'repo_shortname': short_name}
+        except:
+            self.get_logger().error(
+                '*** Invalid multimailhook.emailPrefix: %s\n' % emailprefix +
+                '*** %s\n' % sys.exc_info()[1] +
+                "*** Only the '%(repo_shortname)s' placeholder is allowed\n"
+                )
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                '"%s" is not an allowed setting for emailPrefix' % emailprefix
+                )
 
     def get_sender(self):
         return self.config.get('envelopesender')
 
-    def get_fromaddr(self):
+    def process_addr(self, addr, change):
+        if addr.lower() == 'author':
+            if hasattr(change, 'author'):
+                return change.author
+            else:
+                return None
+        elif addr.lower() == 'pusher':
+            return self.get_pusher_email()
+        elif addr.lower() == 'none':
+            return None
+        else:
+            return addr
+
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
         fromaddr = self.config.get('from')
+        if change:
+            specific_fromaddr = change.get_specific_fromaddr()
+            if specific_fromaddr:
+                fromaddr = specific_fromaddr
+        if fromaddr:
+            fromaddr = self.process_addr(fromaddr, change)
         if fromaddr:
             return fromaddr
-        return super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_fromaddr()
+        return super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_fromaddr(change)
 
     def get_reply_to_refchange(self, refchange):
         if self.__reply_to_refchange is None:
             return super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_reply_to_refchange(refchange)
-        elif self.__reply_to_refchange.lower() == 'pusher':
-            return self.get_pusher_email()
-        elif self.__reply_to_refchange.lower() == 'none':
-            return None
         else:
-            return self.__reply_to_refchange
+            return self.process_addr(self.__reply_to_refchange, refchange)
 
     def get_reply_to_commit(self, revision):
         if self.__reply_to_commit is None:
             return super(ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin, self).get_reply_to_commit(revision)
-        elif self.__reply_to_commit.lower() == 'author':
-            return revision.author
-        elif self.__reply_to_commit.lower() == 'pusher':
-            return self.get_pusher_email()
-        elif self.__reply_to_commit.lower() == 'none':
-            return None
         else:
-            return self.__reply_to_commit
+            return self.process_addr(self.__reply_to_commit, revision)
 
     def get_scancommitforcc(self):
         return self.config.get('scancommitforcc')
@@ -2247,7 +2763,7 @@ def get_scancommitforcc(self):
 class FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     """Handle encoding and maximum line length of body lines.
 
-        emailmaxlinelength (int or None)
+        email_max_line_length (int or None)
 
             The maximum length of any single line in the email body.
             Longer lines are truncated at that length with ' [...]'
@@ -2262,25 +2778,33 @@ class FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
 
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, strict_utf8=True, emailmaxlinelength=500, **kw):
+    def __init__(self, strict_utf8=True,
+                 email_max_line_length=500, max_subject_length=500,
+                 **kw):
         super(FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
         self.__strict_utf8 = strict_utf8
-        self.__emailmaxlinelength = emailmaxlinelength
+        self.__email_max_line_length = email_max_line_length
+        self.__max_subject_length = max_subject_length
 
     def filter_body(self, lines):
         lines = super(FilterLinesEnvironmentMixin, self).filter_body(lines)
         if self.__strict_utf8:
-            lines = (line.decode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
+            if not PYTHON3:
+                lines = (line.decode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
             # Limit the line length in Unicode-space to avoid
             # splitting characters:
-            if self.__emailmaxlinelength:
-                lines = limit_linelength(lines, self.__emailmaxlinelength)
-            lines = (line.encode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
-        elif self.__emailmaxlinelength:
-            lines = limit_linelength(lines, self.__emailmaxlinelength)
+            if self.__email_max_line_length > 0:
+                lines = limit_linelength(lines, self.__email_max_line_length)
+            if not PYTHON3:
+                lines = (line.encode(ENCODING, 'replace') for line in lines)
+        elif self.__email_max_line_length:
+            lines = limit_linelength(lines, self.__email_max_line_length)
 
         return lines
 
+    def get_max_subject_length(self):
+        return self.__max_subject_length
+
 
 class ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin(
         ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
@@ -2293,9 +2817,13 @@ def __init__(self, config, **kw):
         if strict_utf8 is not None:
             kw['strict_utf8'] = strict_utf8
 
-        emailmaxlinelength = config.get('emailmaxlinelength')
-        if emailmaxlinelength is not None:
-            kw['emailmaxlinelength'] = int(emailmaxlinelength)
+        email_max_line_length = config.get('emailmaxlinelength')
+        if email_max_line_length is not None:
+            kw['email_max_line_length'] = int(email_max_line_length)
+
+        max_subject_length = config.get('subjectMaxLength', default=email_max_line_length)
+        if max_subject_length is not None:
+            kw['max_subject_length'] = int(max_subject_length)
 
         super(ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(
             config=config, **kw
@@ -2311,7 +2839,7 @@ def __init__(self, emailmaxlines, **kw):
 
     def filter_body(self, lines):
         lines = super(MaxlinesEnvironmentMixin, self).filter_body(lines)
-        if self.__emailmaxlines:
+        if self.__emailmaxlines > 0:
             lines = limit_lines(lines, self.__emailmaxlines)
         return lines
 
@@ -2404,25 +2932,64 @@ def __init__(
         # actual *contents* of the change being reported, we only
         # choose based on the *type* of the change.  Therefore we can
         # compute them once and for all:
-        if not (refchange_recipients
-                or announce_recipients
-                or revision_recipients
-                or scancommitforcc):
-            raise ConfigurationException('No email recipients configured!')
         self.__refchange_recipients = refchange_recipients
         self.__announce_recipients = announce_recipients
         self.__revision_recipients = revision_recipients
 
+    def check(self):
+        if not (self.get_refchange_recipients(None) or
+                self.get_announce_recipients(None) or
+                self.get_revision_recipients(None) or
+                self.get_scancommitforcc()):
+            raise ConfigurationException('No email recipients configured!')
+        super(StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin, self).check()
+
     def get_refchange_recipients(self, refchange):
+        if self.__refchange_recipients is None:
+            return super(StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_refchange_recipients(refchange)
         return self.__refchange_recipients
 
     def get_announce_recipients(self, annotated_tag_change):
+        if self.__announce_recipients is None:
+            return super(StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_refchange_recipients(annotated_tag_change)
         return self.__announce_recipients
 
     def get_revision_recipients(self, revision):
+        if self.__revision_recipients is None:
+            return super(StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_refchange_recipients(revision)
         return self.__revision_recipients
 
 
+class CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
+    """Mixin storing recipients information coming from the
+    command-line."""
+
+    def __init__(self, cli_recipients=None, **kw):
+        super(CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+        self.__cli_recipients = cli_recipients
+
+    def get_refchange_recipients(self, refchange):
+        if self.__cli_recipients is None:
+            return super(CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_refchange_recipients(refchange)
+        return self.__cli_recipients
+
+    def get_announce_recipients(self, annotated_tag_change):
+        if self.__cli_recipients is None:
+            return super(CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_announce_recipients(annotated_tag_change)
+        return self.__cli_recipients
+
+    def get_revision_recipients(self, revision):
+        if self.__cli_recipients is None:
+            return super(CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+                         self).get_revision_recipients(revision)
+        return self.__cli_recipients
+
+
 class ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin(
         ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
         StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin
@@ -2457,13 +3024,100 @@ def _get_recipients(self, config, *names):
         found, raise a ConfigurationException."""
 
         for name in names:
-            retval = config.get_recipients(name)
-            if retval is not None:
-                return retval
+            lines = config.get_all(name)
+            if lines is not None:
+                lines = [line.strip() for line in lines]
+                # Single "none" is a special value equivalen to empty string.
+                if lines == ['none']:
+                    lines = ['']
+                return ', '.join(lines)
         else:
             return ''
 
 
+class StaticRefFilterEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
+    """Set branch filter statically based on constructor parameters."""
+
+    def __init__(self, ref_filter_incl_regex, ref_filter_excl_regex,
+                 ref_filter_do_send_regex, ref_filter_dont_send_regex,
+                 **kw):
+        super(StaticRefFilterEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+
+        if ref_filter_incl_regex and ref_filter_excl_regex:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                "Cannot specify both a ref inclusion and exclusion regex.")
+        self.__is_inclusion_filter = bool(ref_filter_incl_regex)
+        default_exclude = self.get_default_ref_ignore_regex()
+        if ref_filter_incl_regex:
+            ref_filter_regex = ref_filter_incl_regex
+        elif ref_filter_excl_regex:
+            ref_filter_regex = ref_filter_excl_regex + '|' + default_exclude
+        else:
+            ref_filter_regex = default_exclude
+        try:
+            self.__compiled_regex = re.compile(ref_filter_regex)
+        except Exception:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                'Invalid Ref Filter Regex "%s": %s' % (ref_filter_regex, sys.exc_info()[1]))
+
+        if ref_filter_do_send_regex and ref_filter_dont_send_regex:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                "Cannot specify both a ref doSend and dontSend regex.")
+        self.__is_do_send_filter = bool(ref_filter_do_send_regex)
+        if ref_filter_do_send_regex:
+            ref_filter_send_regex = ref_filter_do_send_regex
+        elif ref_filter_dont_send_regex:
+            ref_filter_send_regex = ref_filter_dont_send_regex
+        else:
+            ref_filter_send_regex = '.*'
+            self.__is_do_send_filter = True
+        try:
+            self.__send_compiled_regex = re.compile(ref_filter_send_regex)
+        except Exception:
+            raise ConfigurationException(
+                'Invalid Ref Filter Regex "%s": %s' %
+                (ref_filter_send_regex, sys.exc_info()[1]))
+
+    def get_ref_filter_regex(self, send_filter=False):
+        if send_filter:
+            return self.__send_compiled_regex, self.__is_do_send_filter
+        else:
+            return self.__compiled_regex, self.__is_inclusion_filter
+
+
+class ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin(
+        ConfigEnvironmentMixin,
+        StaticRefFilterEnvironmentMixin
+        ):
+    """Determine branch filtering statically based on config."""
+
+    def _get_regex(self, config, key):
+        """Get a list of whitespace-separated regex. The refFilter* config
+        variables are multivalued (hence the use of get_all), and we
+        allow each entry to be a whitespace-separated list (hence the
+        split on each line). The whole thing is glued into a single regex."""
+        values = config.get_all(key)
+        if values is None:
+            return values
+        items = []
+        for line in values:
+            for i in line.split():
+                items.append(i)
+        if items == []:
+            return None
+        return '|'.join(items)
+
+    def __init__(self, config, **kw):
+        super(ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin, self).__init__(
+            config=config,
+            ref_filter_incl_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterInclusionRegex'),
+            ref_filter_excl_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterExclusionRegex'),
+            ref_filter_do_send_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterDoSendRegex'),
+            ref_filter_dont_send_regex=self._get_regex(config, 'refFilterDontSendRegex'),
+            **kw
+            )
+
+
 class ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
     """Make a "projectdesc" value available for templates.
 
@@ -2493,34 +3147,22 @@ def get_pusher(self):
         return self.osenv.get('USER', self.osenv.get('USERNAME', 'unknown user'))
 
 
-class GenericEnvironment(
-        ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
-        ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
-        PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
-        GenericEnvironmentMixin,
-        Environment,
-        ):
-    pass
+class GitoliteEnvironmentHighPrecMixin(Environment):
+    def get_pusher(self):
+        return self.osenv.get('GL_USER', 'unknown user')
 
 
-class GitoliteEnvironmentMixin(Environment):
+class GitoliteEnvironmentLowPrecMixin(Environment):
     def get_repo_shortname(self):
         # The gitolite environment variable $GL_REPO is a pretty good
         # repo_shortname (though it's probably not as good as a value
         # the user might have explicitly put in his config).
         return (
-            self.osenv.get('GL_REPO', None)
-            or super(GitoliteEnvironmentMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
+            self.osenv.get('GL_REPO', None) or
+            super(GitoliteEnvironmentLowPrecMixin, self).get_repo_shortname()
             )
 
-    def get_pusher(self):
-        return self.osenv.get('GL_USER', 'unknown user')
-
-    def get_fromaddr(self):
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
         GL_USER = self.osenv.get('GL_USER')
         if GL_USER is not None:
             # Find the path to gitolite.conf.  Note that gitolite v3
@@ -2536,9 +3178,9 @@ def get_fromaddr(self):
                 f = open(GL_CONF, 'rU')
                 try:
                     in_user_emails_section = False
-                    re_template = r'^\s*#\s*{}\s*$'
+                    re_template = r'^\s*#\s*%s\s*$'
                     re_begin, re_user, re_end = (
-                        re.compile(re_template.format(x))
+                        re.compile(re_template % x)
                         for x in (
                             r'BEGIN\s+USER\s+EMAILS',
                             re.escape(GL_USER) + r'\s+(.*)',
@@ -2557,7 +3199,7 @@ def get_fromaddr(self):
                             return m.group(1)
                 finally:
                     f.close()
-        return super(GitoliteEnvironmentMixin, self).get_fromaddr()
+        return super(GitoliteEnvironmentLowPrecMixin, self).get_fromaddr(change)
 
 
 class IncrementalDateTime(object):
@@ -2570,25 +3212,109 @@ class IncrementalDateTime(object):
 
     def __init__(self):
         self.time = time.time()
+        self.next = self.__next__  # Python 2 backward compatibility
 
-    def next(self):
+    def __next__(self):
         formatted = formatdate(self.time, True)
         self.time += 1
         return formatted
 
 
-class GitoliteEnvironment(
-        ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
-        ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
-        PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
-        GitoliteEnvironmentMixin,
-        Environment,
-        ):
-    pass
+class StashEnvironmentHighPrecMixin(Environment):
+    def __init__(self, user=None, repo=None, **kw):
+        super(StashEnvironmentHighPrecMixin,
+              self).__init__(user=user, repo=repo, **kw)
+        self.__user = user
+        self.__repo = repo
+
+    def get_pusher(self):
+        return re.match('(.*?)\s*<', self.__user).group(1)
+
+    def get_pusher_email(self):
+        return self.__user
+
+
+class StashEnvironmentLowPrecMixin(Environment):
+    def __init__(self, user=None, repo=None, **kw):
+        super(StashEnvironmentLowPrecMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+        self.__repo = repo
+        self.__user = user
+
+    def get_repo_shortname(self):
+        return self.__repo
+
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
+        return self.__user
+
+
+class GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin(Environment):
+    def __init__(self, project=None, submitter=None, update_method=None, **kw):
+        super(GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin,
+              self).__init__(submitter=submitter, project=project, **kw)
+        self.__project = project
+        self.__submitter = submitter
+        self.__update_method = update_method
+        "Make an 'update_method' value available for templates."
+        self.COMPUTED_KEYS += ['update_method']
+
+    def get_pusher(self):
+        if self.__submitter:
+            if self.__submitter.find('<') != -1:
+                # Submitter has a configured email, we transformed
+                # __submitter into an RFC 2822 string already.
+                return re.match('(.*?)\s*<', self.__submitter).group(1)
+            else:
+                # Submitter has no configured email, it's just his name.
+                return self.__submitter
+        else:
+            # If we arrive here, this means someone pushed "Submit" from
+            # the gerrit web UI for the CR (or used one of the programmatic
+            # APIs to do the same, such as gerrit review) and the
+            # merge/push was done by the Gerrit user.  It was technically
+            # triggered by someone else, but sadly we have no way of
+            # determining who that someone else is at this point.
+            return 'Gerrit'  # 'unknown user'?
+
+    def get_pusher_email(self):
+        if self.__submitter:
+            return self.__submitter
+        else:
+            return super(GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin, self).get_pusher_email()
+
+    def get_default_ref_ignore_regex(self):
+        default = super(GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin, self).get_default_ref_ignore_regex()
+        return default + '|^refs/changes/|^refs/cache-automerge/|^refs/meta/'
+
+    def get_revision_recipients(self, revision):
+        # Merge commits created by Gerrit when users hit "Submit this patchset"
+        # in the Web UI (or do equivalently with REST APIs or the gerrit review
+        # command) are not something users want to see an individual email for.
+        # Filter them out.
+        committer = read_git_output(['log', '--no-walk', '--format=%cN',
+                                     revision.rev.sha1])
+        if committer == 'Gerrit Code Review':
+            return []
+        else:
+            return super(GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin, self).get_revision_recipients(revision)
+
+    def get_update_method(self):
+        return self.__update_method
+
+
+class GerritEnvironmentLowPrecMixin(Environment):
+    def __init__(self, project=None, submitter=None, **kw):
+        super(GerritEnvironmentLowPrecMixin, self).__init__(**kw)
+        self.__project = project
+        self.__submitter = submitter
+
+    def get_repo_shortname(self):
+        return self.__project
+
+    def get_fromaddr(self, change=None):
+        if self.__submitter and self.__submitter.find('<') != -1:
+            return self.__submitter
+        else:
+            return super(GerritEnvironmentLowPrecMixin, self).get_fromaddr(change)
 
 
 class Push(object):
@@ -2673,10 +3399,11 @@ class is to figure out these things, and to make sure that new
             ])
         )
 
-    def __init__(self, changes, ignore_other_refs=False):
+    def __init__(self, environment, changes, ignore_other_refs=False):
         self.changes = sorted(changes, key=self._sort_key)
         self.__other_ref_sha1s = None
         self.__cached_commits_spec = {}
+        self.environment = environment
 
         if ignore_other_refs:
             self.__other_ref_sha1s = set()
@@ -2703,10 +3430,14 @@ def _other_ref_sha1s(self):
                 '%(objectname) %(objecttype) %(refname)\n'
                 '%(*objectname) %(*objecttype) %(refname)'
                 )
+            ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter = \
+                self.environment.get_ref_filter_regex()
             for line in read_git_lines(
                     ['for-each-ref', '--format=%s' % (fmt,)]):
                 (sha1, type, name) = line.split(' ', 2)
-                if sha1 and type == 'commit' and name not in updated_refs:
+                if (sha1 and type == 'commit' and
+                        name not in updated_refs and
+                        include_ref(name, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter)):
                     sha1s.add(sha1)
 
             self.__other_ref_sha1s = sha1s
@@ -2849,14 +3580,14 @@ def send_emails(self, mailer, body_filter=None):
             if not change.recipients:
                 change.environment.log_warning(
                     '*** no recipients configured so no email will be sent\n'
-                    '*** for %r update %s->%s\n'
+                    '*** for %r update %s->%s'
                     % (change.refname, change.old.sha1, change.new.sha1,)
                     )
             else:
                 if not change.environment.quiet:
                     change.environment.log_msg(
-                        'Sending notification emails to: %s\n' % (change.recipients,))
-                extra_values = {'send_date': send_date.next()}
+                        'Sending notification emails to: %s' % (change.recipients,))
+                extra_values = {'send_date': next(send_date)}
 
                 rev = change.send_single_combined_email(sha1s)
                 if rev:
@@ -2876,20 +3607,20 @@ def send_emails(self, mailer, body_filter=None):
             max_emails = change.environment.maxcommitemails
             if max_emails and len(sha1s) > max_emails:
                 change.environment.log_warning(
-                    '*** Too many new commits (%d), not sending commit emails.\n' % len(sha1s)
-                    + '*** Try setting multimailhook.maxCommitEmails to a greater value\n'
-                    + '*** Currently, multimailhook.maxCommitEmails=%d\n' % max_emails
+                    '*** Too many new commits (%d), not sending commit emails.\n' % len(sha1s) +
+                    '*** Try setting multimailhook.maxCommitEmails to a greater value\n' +
+                    '*** Currently, multimailhook.maxCommitEmails=%d' % max_emails
                     )
                 return
 
             for (num, sha1) in enumerate(sha1s):
                 rev = Revision(change, GitObject(sha1), num=num + 1, tot=len(sha1s))
                 if not rev.recipients and rev.cc_recipients:
-                    change.environment.log_msg('*** Replacing Cc: with To:\n')
+                    change.environment.log_msg('*** Replacing Cc: with To:')
                     rev.recipients = rev.cc_recipients
                     rev.cc_recipients = None
                 if rev.recipients:
-                    extra_values = {'send_date': send_date.next()}
+                    extra_values = {'send_date': next(send_date)}
                     mailer.send(
                         rev.generate_email(self, body_filter, extra_values),
                         rev.recipients,
@@ -2899,23 +3630,55 @@ def send_emails(self, mailer, body_filter=None):
         if unhandled_sha1s:
             change.environment.log_error(
                 'ERROR: No emails were sent for the following new commits:\n'
-                '    %s\n'
+                '    %s'
                 % ('\n    '.join(sorted(unhandled_sha1s)),)
                 )
 
 
+def include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter):
+    does_match = bool(ref_filter_regex.search(refname))
+    if is_inclusion_filter:
+        return does_match
+    else:  # exclusion filter -- we include the ref if the regex doesn't match
+        return not does_match
+
+
 def run_as_post_receive_hook(environment, mailer):
+    environment.check()
+    send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion_filter = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(True)
+    ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(False)
     changes = []
-    for line in sys.stdin:
+    while True:
+        line = read_line(sys.stdin)
+        if line == '':
+            break
         (oldrev, newrev, refname) = line.strip().split(' ', 2)
+        environment.get_logger().debug(
+            "run_as_post_receive_hook: oldrev=%s, newrev=%s, refname=%s" %
+            (oldrev, newrev, refname))
+
+        if not include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter):
+            continue
+        if not include_ref(refname, send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion_filter):
+            continue
         changes.append(
             ReferenceChange.create(environment, oldrev, newrev, refname)
             )
-    push = Push(changes)
-    push.send_emails(mailer, body_filter=environment.filter_body)
+    if changes:
+        push = Push(environment, changes)
+        push.send_emails(mailer, body_filter=environment.filter_body)
+    if hasattr(mailer, '__del__'):
+        mailer.__del__()
 
 
 def run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev, force_send=False):
+    environment.check()
+    send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion_filter = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(True)
+    ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(False)
+    if not include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, is_inclusion_filter):
+        return
+    if not include_ref(refname, send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion_filter):
+        return
     changes = [
         ReferenceChange.create(
             environment,
@@ -2924,8 +3687,79 @@ def run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev, force_send=
             refname,
             ),
         ]
-    push = Push(changes, force_send)
+    push = Push(environment, changes, force_send)
     push.send_emails(mailer, body_filter=environment.filter_body)
+    if hasattr(mailer, '__del__'):
+        mailer.__del__()
+
+
+def check_ref_filter(environment):
+    send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(True)
+    ref_filter_regex, ref_is_inclusion = environment.get_ref_filter_regex(False)
+
+    def inc_exc_lusion(b):
+        if b:
+            return 'inclusion'
+        else:
+            return 'exclusion'
+
+    if send_filter_regex:
+        sys.stdout.write("DoSend/DontSend filter regex (" +
+                         (inc_exc_lusion(send_is_inclusion)) +
+                         '): ' + send_filter_regex.pattern +
+                         '\n')
+    if send_filter_regex:
+        sys.stdout.write("Include/Exclude filter regex (" +
+                         (inc_exc_lusion(ref_is_inclusion)) +
+                         '): ' + ref_filter_regex.pattern +
+                         '\n')
+    sys.stdout.write(os.linesep)
+
+    sys.stdout.write(
+        "Refs marked as EXCLUDE are excluded by either refFilterInclusionRegex\n"
+        "or refFilterExclusionRegex. No emails will be sent for commits included\n"
+        "in these refs.\n"
+        "Refs marked as DONT-SEND are excluded by either refFilterDoSendRegex or\n"
+        "refFilterDontSendRegex, but not by either refFilterInclusionRegex or\n"
+        "refFilterExclusionRegex. Emails will be sent for commits included in these\n"
+        "refs only when the commit reaches a ref which isn't excluded.\n"
+        "Refs marked as DO-SEND are not excluded by any filter. Emails will\n"
+        "be sent normally for commits included in these refs.\n")
+
+    sys.stdout.write(os.linesep)
+
+    for refname in read_git_lines(['for-each-ref', '--format', '%(refname)']):
+        sys.stdout.write(refname)
+        if not include_ref(refname, ref_filter_regex, ref_is_inclusion):
+            sys.stdout.write(' EXCLUDE')
+        elif not include_ref(refname, send_filter_regex, send_is_inclusion):
+            sys.stdout.write(' DONT-SEND')
+        else:
+            sys.stdout.write(' DO-SEND')
+
+        sys.stdout.write(os.linesep)
+
+
+def show_env(environment, out):
+    out.write('Environment values:\n')
+    for (k, v) in sorted(environment.get_values().items()):
+        if k:  # Don't show the {'' : ''} pair.
+            out.write('    %s : %r\n' % (k, v))
+    out.write('\n')
+    # Flush to avoid interleaving with further log output
+    out.flush()
+
+
+def check_setup(environment):
+    environment.check()
+    show_env(environment, sys.stdout)
+    sys.stdout.write("Now, checking that git-multimail's standard input "
+                     "is properly set ..." + os.linesep)
+    sys.stdout.write("Please type some text and then press Return" + os.linesep)
+    stdin = sys.stdin.readline()
+    sys.stdout.write("You have just entered:" + os.linesep)
+    sys.stdout.write(stdin)
+    sys.stdout.write("git-multimail seems properly set up." + os.linesep)
 
 
 def choose_mailer(config, environment):
@@ -2938,51 +3772,56 @@ def choose_mailer(config, environment):
         smtpencryption = config.get('smtpencryption', default='none')
         smtpuser = config.get('smtpuser', default='')
         smtppass = config.get('smtppass', default='')
+        smtpcacerts = config.get('smtpcacerts', default='')
         mailer = SMTPMailer(
+            environment,
             envelopesender=(environment.get_sender() or environment.get_fromaddr()),
             smtpserver=smtpserver, smtpservertimeout=smtpservertimeout,
             smtpserverdebuglevel=smtpserverdebuglevel,
             smtpencryption=smtpencryption,
             smtpuser=smtpuser,
             smtppass=smtppass,
+            smtpcacerts=smtpcacerts
             )
     elif mailer == 'sendmail':
         command = config.get('sendmailcommand')
         if command:
             command = shlex.split(command)
-        mailer = SendMailer(command=command, envelopesender=environment.get_sender())
+        mailer = SendMailer(environment,
+                            command=command, envelopesender=environment.get_sender())
     else:
         environment.log_error(
-            'fatal: multimailhook.mailer is set to an incorrect value: "%s"\n' % mailer
-            + 'please use one of "smtp" or "sendmail".\n'
+            'fatal: multimailhook.mailer is set to an incorrect value: "%s"\n' % mailer +
+            'please use one of "smtp" or "sendmail".'
             )
         sys.exit(1)
     return mailer
 
 
 KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS = {
-    'generic': GenericEnvironmentMixin,
-    'gitolite': GitoliteEnvironmentMixin,
+    'generic': {'highprec': GenericEnvironmentMixin},
+    'gitolite': {'highprec': GitoliteEnvironmentHighPrecMixin,
+                 'lowprec': GitoliteEnvironmentLowPrecMixin},
+    'stash': {'highprec': StashEnvironmentHighPrecMixin,
+              'lowprec': StashEnvironmentLowPrecMixin},
+    'gerrit': {'highprec': GerritEnvironmentHighPrecMixin,
+               'lowprec': GerritEnvironmentLowPrecMixin},
     }
 
 
-def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None):
+def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None,
+                       hook_info=None):
+    env_name = choose_environment_name(config, env, osenv)
+    environment_klass = build_environment_klass(env_name)
+    env = build_environment(environment_klass, env_name, config,
+                            osenv, recipients, hook_info)
+    return env
+
+
+def choose_environment_name(config, env, osenv):
     if not osenv:
         osenv = os.environ
 
-    environment_mixins = [
-        ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
-        ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
-        PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
-        ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
-        ]
-    environment_kw = {
-        'osenv': osenv,
-        'config': config,
-        }
-
     if not env:
         env = config.get('environment')
 
@@ -2991,26 +3830,250 @@ def choose_environment(config, osenv=None, env=None, recipients=None):
             env = 'gitolite'
         else:
             env = 'generic'
-
-    environment_mixins.append(KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env])
-
-    if recipients:
-        environment_mixins.insert(0, StaticRecipientsEnvironmentMixin)
-        environment_kw['refchange_recipients'] = recipients
-        environment_kw['announce_recipients'] = recipients
-        environment_kw['revision_recipients'] = recipients
-        environment_kw['scancommitforcc'] = config.get('scancommitforcc')
-    else:
-        environment_mixins.insert(0, ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin)
-
+    return env
+
+
+COMMON_ENVIRONMENT_MIXINS = [
+    ConfigRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+    CLIRecipientsEnvironmentMixin,
+    ConfigRefFilterEnvironmentMixin,
+    ProjectdescEnvironmentMixin,
+    ConfigMaxlinesEnvironmentMixin,
+    ComputeFQDNEnvironmentMixin,
+    ConfigFilterLinesEnvironmentMixin,
+    PusherDomainEnvironmentMixin,
+    ConfigOptionsEnvironmentMixin,
+    ]
+
+
+def build_environment_klass(env_name):
+    if 'class' in KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env_name]:
+        return KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env_name]['class']
+
+    environment_mixins = []
+    known_env = KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env_name]
+    if 'highprec' in known_env:
+        high_prec_mixin = known_env['highprec']
+        environment_mixins.append(high_prec_mixin)
+    environment_mixins = environment_mixins + COMMON_ENVIRONMENT_MIXINS
+    if 'lowprec' in known_env:
+        low_prec_mixin = known_env['lowprec']
+        environment_mixins.append(low_prec_mixin)
+    environment_mixins.append(Environment)
+    klass_name = env_name.capitalize() + 'Environement'
     environment_klass = type(
-        'EffectiveEnvironment',
-        tuple(environment_mixins) + (Environment,),
+        klass_name,
+        tuple(environment_mixins),
         {},
         )
+    KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS[env_name]['class'] = environment_klass
+    return environment_klass
+
+
+GerritEnvironment = build_environment_klass('gerrit')
+StashEnvironment = build_environment_klass('stash')
+GitoliteEnvironment = build_environment_klass('gitolite')
+GenericEnvironment = build_environment_klass('generic')
+
+
+def build_environment(environment_klass, env, config,
+                      osenv, recipients, hook_info):
+    environment_kw = {
+        'osenv': osenv,
+        'config': config,
+        }
+
+    if env == 'stash':
+        environment_kw['user'] = hook_info['stash_user']
+        environment_kw['repo'] = hook_info['stash_repo']
+    elif env == 'gerrit':
+        environment_kw['project'] = hook_info['project']
+        environment_kw['submitter'] = hook_info['submitter']
+        environment_kw['update_method'] = hook_info['update_method']
+
+    environment_kw['cli_recipients'] = recipients
+
     return environment_klass(**environment_kw)
 
 
+def get_version():
+    oldcwd = os.getcwd()
+    try:
+        try:
+            os.chdir(os.path.dirname(os.path.realpath(__file__)))
+            git_version = read_git_output(['describe', '--tags', 'HEAD'])
+            if git_version == __version__:
+                return git_version
+            else:
+                return '%s (%s)' % (__version__, git_version)
+        except:
+            pass
+    finally:
+        os.chdir(oldcwd)
+    return __version__
+
+
+def compute_gerrit_options(options, args, required_gerrit_options,
+                           raw_refname):
+    if None in required_gerrit_options:
+        raise SystemExit("Error: Specify all of --oldrev, --newrev, --refname, "
+                         "and --project; or none of them.")
+
+    if options.environment not in (None, 'gerrit'):
+        raise SystemExit("Non-gerrit environments incompatible with --oldrev, "
+                         "--newrev, --refname, and --project")
+    options.environment = 'gerrit'
+
+    if args:
+        raise SystemExit("Error: Positional parameters not allowed with "
+                         "--oldrev, --newrev, and --refname.")
+
+    # Gerrit oddly omits 'refs/heads/' in the refname when calling
+    # ref-updated hook; put it back.
+    git_dir = get_git_dir()
+    if (not os.path.exists(os.path.join(git_dir, raw_refname)) and
+        os.path.exists(os.path.join(git_dir, 'refs', 'heads',
+                                    raw_refname))):
+        options.refname = 'refs/heads/' + options.refname
+
+    # New revisions can appear in a gerrit repository either due to someone
+    # pushing directly (in which case options.submitter will be set), or they
+    # can press "Submit this patchset" in the web UI for some CR (in which
+    # case options.submitter will not be set and gerrit will not have provided
+    # us the information about who pressed the button).
+    #
+    # Note for the nit-picky: I'm lumping in REST API calls and the ssh
+    # gerrit review command in with "Submit this patchset" button, since they
+    # have the same effect.
+    if options.submitter:
+        update_method = 'pushed'
+        # The submitter argument is almost an RFC 2822 email address; change it
+        # from 'User Name (email@domain)' to 'User Name <email@domain>' so it is
+        options.submitter = options.submitter.replace('(', '<').replace(')', '>')
+    else:
+        update_method = 'submitted'
+        # Gerrit knew who submitted this patchset, but threw that information
+        # away when it invoked this hook.  However, *IF* Gerrit created a
+        # merge to bring the patchset in (project 'Submit Type' is either
+        # "Always Merge", or is "Merge if Necessary" and happens to be
+        # necessary for this particular CR), then it will have the committer
+        # of that merge be 'Gerrit Code Review' and the author will be the
+        # person who requested the submission of the CR.  Since this is fairly
+        # likely for most gerrit installations (of a reasonable size), it's
+        # worth the extra effort to try to determine the actual submitter.
+        rev_info = read_git_lines(['log', '--no-walk', '--merges',
+                                   '--format=%cN%n%aN <%aE>', options.newrev])
+        if rev_info and rev_info[0] == 'Gerrit Code Review':
+            options.submitter = rev_info[1]
+
+    # We pass back refname, oldrev, newrev as args because then the
+    # gerrit ref-updated hook is much like the git update hook
+    return (options,
+            [options.refname, options.oldrev, options.newrev],
+            {'project': options.project, 'submitter': options.submitter,
+             'update_method': update_method})
+
+
+def check_hook_specific_args(options, args):
+    raw_refname = options.refname
+    # Convert each string option unicode for Python3.
+    if PYTHON3:
+        opts = ['environment', 'recipients', 'oldrev', 'newrev', 'refname',
+                'project', 'submitter', 'stash_user', 'stash_repo']
+        for opt in opts:
+            if not hasattr(options, opt):
+                continue
+            obj = getattr(options, opt)
+            if obj:
+                enc = obj.encode('utf-8', 'surrogateescape')
+                dec = enc.decode('utf-8', 'replace')
+                setattr(options, opt, dec)
+
+    # First check for stash arguments
+    if (options.stash_user is None) != (options.stash_repo is None):
+        raise SystemExit("Error: Specify both of --stash-user and "
+                         "--stash-repo or neither.")
+    if options.stash_user:
+        options.environment = 'stash'
+        return options, args, {'stash_user': options.stash_user,
+                               'stash_repo': options.stash_repo}
+
+    # Finally, check for gerrit specific arguments
+    required_gerrit_options = (options.oldrev, options.newrev, options.refname,
+                               options.project)
+    if required_gerrit_options != (None,) * 4:
+        return compute_gerrit_options(options, args, required_gerrit_options,
+                                      raw_refname)
+
+    # No special options in use, just return what we started with
+    return options, args, {}
+
+
+class Logger(object):
+    def parse_verbose(self, verbose):
+        if verbose > 0:
+            return logging.DEBUG
+        else:
+            return logging.INFO
+
+    def create_log_file(self, environment, name, path, verbosity):
+        log_file = logging.getLogger(name)
+        file_handler = logging.FileHandler(path)
+        log_fmt = logging.Formatter("%(asctime)s [%(levelname)-5.5s]  %(message)s")
+        file_handler.setFormatter(log_fmt)
+        log_file.addHandler(file_handler)
+        log_file.setLevel(verbosity)
+        return log_file
+
+    def __init__(self, environment):
+        self.environment = environment
+        self.loggers = []
+        stderr_log = logging.getLogger('git_multimail.stderr')
+
+        class EncodedStderr(object):
+            def write(self, x):
+                write_str(sys.stderr, x)
+
+            def flush(self):
+                sys.stderr.flush()
+
+        stderr_handler = logging.StreamHandler(EncodedStderr())
+        stderr_log.addHandler(stderr_handler)
+        stderr_log.setLevel(self.parse_verbose(environment.verbose))
+        self.loggers.append(stderr_log)
+
+        if environment.debug_log_file is not None:
+            debug_log_file = self.create_log_file(
+                environment, 'git_multimail.debug', environment.debug_log_file, logging.DEBUG)
+            self.loggers.append(debug_log_file)
+
+        if environment.log_file is not None:
+            log_file = self.create_log_file(
+                environment, 'git_multimail.file', environment.log_file, logging.INFO)
+            self.loggers.append(log_file)
+
+        if environment.error_log_file is not None:
+            error_log_file = self.create_log_file(
+                environment, 'git_multimail.error', environment.error_log_file, logging.ERROR)
+            self.loggers.append(error_log_file)
+
+    def info(self, msg):
+        for l in self.loggers:
+            l.info(msg)
+
+    def debug(self, msg):
+        for l in self.loggers:
+            l.debug(msg)
+
+    def warning(self, msg):
+        for l in self.loggers:
+            l.warning(msg)
+
+    def error(self, msg):
+        for l in self.loggers:
+            l.error(msg)
+
+
 def main(args):
     parser = optparse.OptionParser(
         description=__doc__,
@@ -3019,7 +4082,7 @@ def main(args):
 
     parser.add_option(
         '--environment', '--env', action='store', type='choice',
-        choices=['generic', 'gitolite'], default=None,
+        choices=list(KNOWN_ENVIRONMENTS.keys()), default=None,
         help=(
             'Choose type of environment is in use.  Default is taken from '
             'multimailhook.environment if set; otherwise "generic".'
@@ -3037,7 +4100,7 @@ def main(args):
         '--show-env', action='store_true', default=False,
         help=(
             'Write to stderr the values determined for the environment '
-            '(intended for debugging purposes).'
+            '(intended for debugging purposes), then proceed normally.'
             ),
         )
     parser.add_option(
@@ -3048,41 +4111,128 @@ def main(args):
             'detection in this mode.'
             ),
         )
+    parser.add_option(
+        '-c', metavar="<name>=<value>", action='append',
+        help=(
+            'Pass a configuration parameter through to git.  The value given '
+            'will override values from configuration files.  See the -c option '
+            'of git(1) for more details.  (Only works with git >= 1.7.3)'
+            ),
+        )
+    parser.add_option(
+        '--version', '-v', action='store_true', default=False,
+        help=(
+            "Display git-multimail's version"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    parser.add_option(
+        '--python-version', action='store_true', default=False,
+        help=(
+            "Display the version of Python used by git-multimail"
+            ),
+        )
+
+    parser.add_option(
+        '--check-ref-filter', action='store_true', default=False,
+        help=(
+            'List refs and show information on how git-multimail '
+            'will process them.'
+            )
+        )
+
+    # The following options permit this script to be run as a gerrit
+    # ref-updated hook.  See e.g.
+    # code.google.com/p/gerrit/source/browse/Documentation/config-hooks.txt
+    # We suppress help for these items, since these are specific to gerrit,
+    # and we don't want users directly using them any way other than how the
+    # gerrit ref-updated hook is called.
+    parser.add_option('--oldrev', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--newrev', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--refname', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--project', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--submitter', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+
+    # The following allow this to be run as a stash asynchronous post-receive
+    # hook (almost identical to a git post-receive hook but triggered also for
+    # merges of pull requests from the UI).  We suppress help for these items,
+    # since these are specific to stash.
+    parser.add_option('--stash-user', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
+    parser.add_option('--stash-repo', action='store', help=optparse.SUPPRESS_HELP)
 
     (options, args) = parser.parse_args(args)
+    (options, args, hook_info) = check_hook_specific_args(options, args)
+
+    if options.version:
+        sys.stdout.write('git-multimail version ' + get_version() + '\n')
+        return
+
+    if options.python_version:
+        sys.stdout.write('Python version ' + sys.version + '\n')
+        return
+
+    if options.c:
+        Config.add_config_parameters(options.c)
 
     config = Config('multimailhook')
 
+    environment = None
     try:
         environment = choose_environment(
             config, osenv=os.environ,
             env=options.environment,
             recipients=options.recipients,
+            hook_info=hook_info,
             )
 
         if options.show_env:
-            sys.stderr.write('Environment values:\n')
-            for (k, v) in sorted(environment.get_values().items()):
-                sys.stderr.write('    %s : %r\n' % (k, v))
-            sys.stderr.write('\n')
+            show_env(environment, sys.stderr)
 
         if options.stdout or environment.stdout:
             mailer = OutputMailer(sys.stdout)
         else:
             mailer = choose_mailer(config, environment)
 
+        must_check_setup = os.environ.get('GIT_MULTIMAIL_CHECK_SETUP')
+        if must_check_setup == '':
+            must_check_setup = False
+        if options.check_ref_filter:
+            check_ref_filter(environment)
+        elif must_check_setup:
+            check_setup(environment)
         # Dual mode: if arguments were specified on the command line, run
         # like an update hook; otherwise, run as a post-receive hook.
-        if args:
+        elif args:
             if len(args) != 3:
                 parser.error('Need zero or three non-option arguments')
             (refname, oldrev, newrev) = args
+            environment.get_logger().debug(
+                "run_as_update_hook: refname=%s, oldrev=%s, newrev=%s, force_send=%s" %
+                (refname, oldrev, newrev, options.force_send))
             run_as_update_hook(environment, mailer, refname, oldrev, newrev, options.force_send)
         else:
             run_as_post_receive_hook(environment, mailer)
-    except ConfigurationException, e:
-        sys.exit(str(e))
-
+    except ConfigurationException:
+        sys.exit(sys.exc_info()[1])
+    except SystemExit:
+        raise
+    except Exception:
+        t, e, tb = sys.exc_info()
+        import traceback
+        sys.stderr.write('\n')  # Avoid mixing message with previous output
+        msg = (
+            'Exception \'' + t.__name__ +
+            '\' raised. Please report this as a bug to\n'
+            'https://github.com/git-multimail/git-multimail/issues\n'
+            'with the information below:\n\n'
+            'git-multimail version ' + get_version() + '\n'
+            'Python version ' + sys.version + '\n' +
+            traceback.format_exc())
+        try:
+            environment.get_logger().error(msg)
+        except:
+            sys.stderr.write(msg)
+        sys.exit(1)
 
 if __name__ == '__main__':
     main(sys.argv[1:])