rebase -i: fix comment typo
[gitweb.git] / submodule.c
index 15e90d1c10ebc9ecb0825f731b33d81cf3d9b4d5..0a2831d846d27e694ada4bc557a7d54a8bf2d8df 100644 (file)
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "submodule-config.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "worktree.h"
 
-static struct string_list config_name_for_path;
-static struct string_list config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name;
-static struct string_list config_ignore_for_name;
 static int config_fetch_recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
-static struct string_list changed_submodule_paths;
+static int parallel_jobs = 1;
+static struct string_list changed_submodule_paths = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 static int initialized_fetch_ref_tips;
 static struct sha1_array ref_tips_before_fetch;
 static struct sha1_array ref_tips_after_fetch;
@@ -41,7 +43,6 @@ static int gitmodules_is_unmerged;
  */
 static int gitmodules_is_modified;
 
-
 int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(void)
 {
        return !gitmodules_is_modified;
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ int is_staging_gitmodules_ok(void)
 int update_path_in_gitmodules(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
 {
        struct strbuf entry = STRBUF_INIT;
-       struct string_list_item *path_option;
+       const struct submodule *submodule;
 
        if (!file_exists(".gitmodules")) /* Do nothing without .gitmodules */
                return -1;
@@ -63,15 +64,15 @@ int update_path_in_gitmodules(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
        if (gitmodules_is_unmerged)
                die(_("Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"));
 
-       path_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, oldpath);
-       if (!path_option) {
+       submodule = submodule_from_path(null_sha1, oldpath);
+       if (!submodule || !submodule->name) {
                warning(_("Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"), oldpath);
                return -1;
        }
        strbuf_addstr(&entry, "submodule.");
-       strbuf_addstr(&entry, path_option->util);
+       strbuf_addstr(&entry, submodule->name);
        strbuf_addstr(&entry, ".path");
-       if (git_config_set_in_file(".gitmodules", entry.buf, newpath) < 0) {
+       if (git_config_set_in_file_gently(".gitmodules", entry.buf, newpath) < 0) {
                /* Maybe the user already did that, don't error out here */
                warning(_("Could not update .gitmodules entry %s"), entry.buf);
                strbuf_release(&entry);
@@ -89,7 +90,7 @@ int update_path_in_gitmodules(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
 int remove_path_from_gitmodules(const char *path)
 {
        struct strbuf sect = STRBUF_INIT;
-       struct string_list_item *path_option;
+       const struct submodule *submodule;
 
        if (!file_exists(".gitmodules")) /* Do nothing without .gitmodules */
                return -1;
@@ -97,13 +98,13 @@ int remove_path_from_gitmodules(const char *path)
        if (gitmodules_is_unmerged)
                die(_("Cannot change unmerged .gitmodules, resolve merge conflicts first"));
 
-       path_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, path);
-       if (!path_option) {
+       submodule = submodule_from_path(null_sha1, path);
+       if (!submodule || !submodule->name) {
                warning(_("Could not find section in .gitmodules where path=%s"), path);
                return -1;
        }
        strbuf_addstr(&sect, "submodule.");
-       strbuf_addstr(&sect, path_option->util);
+       strbuf_addstr(&sect, submodule->name);
        if (git_config_rename_section_in_file(".gitmodules", sect.buf, NULL) < 0) {
                /* Maybe the user already did that, don't error out here */
                warning(_("Could not remove .gitmodules entry for %s"), path);
@@ -123,40 +124,16 @@ void stage_updated_gitmodules(void)
 static int add_submodule_odb(const char *path)
 {
        struct strbuf objects_directory = STRBUF_INIT;
-       struct alternate_object_database *alt_odb;
        int ret = 0;
-       const char *git_dir;
 
-       strbuf_addf(&objects_directory, "%s/.git", path);
-       git_dir = read_gitfile(objects_directory.buf);
-       if (git_dir) {
-               strbuf_reset(&objects_directory);
-               strbuf_addstr(&objects_directory, git_dir);
-       }
-       strbuf_addstr(&objects_directory, "/objects/");
+       ret = strbuf_git_path_submodule(&objects_directory, path, "objects/");
+       if (ret)
+               goto done;
        if (!is_directory(objects_directory.buf)) {
                ret = -1;
                goto done;
        }
-       /* avoid adding it twice */
-       for (alt_odb = alt_odb_list; alt_odb; alt_odb = alt_odb->next)
-               if (alt_odb->name - alt_odb->base == objects_directory.len &&
-                               !strncmp(alt_odb->base, objects_directory.buf,
-                                       objects_directory.len))
-                       goto done;
-
-       alt_odb = xmalloc(objects_directory.len + 42 + sizeof(*alt_odb));
-       alt_odb->next = alt_odb_list;
-       strcpy(alt_odb->base, objects_directory.buf);
-       alt_odb->name = alt_odb->base + objects_directory.len;
-       alt_odb->name[2] = '/';
-       alt_odb->name[40] = '\0';
-       alt_odb->name[41] = '\0';
-       alt_odb_list = alt_odb;
-
-       /* add possible alternates from the submodule */
-       read_info_alternates(objects_directory.buf, 0);
-       prepare_alt_odb();
+       add_to_alternates_memory(objects_directory.buf);
 done:
        strbuf_release(&objects_directory);
        return ret;
@@ -165,12 +142,10 @@ static int add_submodule_odb(const char *path)
 void set_diffopt_flags_from_submodule_config(struct diff_options *diffopt,
                                             const char *path)
 {
-       struct string_list_item *path_option, *ignore_option;
-       path_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, path);
-       if (path_option) {
-               ignore_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_ignore_for_name, path_option->util);
-               if (ignore_option)
-                       handle_ignore_submodules_arg(diffopt, ignore_option->util);
+       const struct submodule *submodule = submodule_from_path(null_sha1, path);
+       if (submodule) {
+               if (submodule->ignore)
+                       handle_ignore_submodules_arg(diffopt, submodule->ignore);
                else if (gitmodules_is_unmerged)
                        DIFF_OPT_SET(diffopt, IGNORE_SUBMODULES);
        }
@@ -178,7 +153,12 @@ void set_diffopt_flags_from_submodule_config(struct diff_options *diffopt,
 
 int submodule_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-       if (starts_with(var, "submodule."))
+       if (!strcmp(var, "submodule.fetchjobs")) {
+               parallel_jobs = git_config_int(var, value);
+               if (parallel_jobs < 0)
+                       die(_("negative values not allowed for submodule.fetchJobs"));
+               return 0;
+       } else if (starts_with(var, "submodule."))
                return parse_submodule_config_option(var, value);
        else if (!strcmp(var, "fetch.recursesubmodules")) {
                config_fetch_recurse_submodules = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(var, value);
@@ -219,58 +199,98 @@ void gitmodules_config(void)
        }
 }
 
-int parse_submodule_config_option(const char *var, const char *value)
+void gitmodules_config_sha1(const unsigned char *commit_sha1)
 {
-       struct string_list_item *config;
-       const char *name, *key;
-       int namelen;
+       struct strbuf rev = STRBUF_INIT;
+       unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-       if (parse_config_key(var, "submodule", &name, &namelen, &key) < 0 || !name)
-               return 0;
+       if (gitmodule_sha1_from_commit(commit_sha1, sha1, &rev)) {
+               git_config_from_blob_sha1(submodule_config, rev.buf,
+                                         sha1, NULL);
+       }
+       strbuf_release(&rev);
+}
 
-       if (!strcmp(key, "path")) {
-               if (!value)
-                       return config_error_nonbool(var);
-
-               config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, value);
-               if (config)
-                       free(config->util);
-               else
-                       config = string_list_append(&config_name_for_path, xstrdup(value));
-               config->util = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
-       } else if (!strcmp(key, "fetchrecursesubmodules")) {
-               char *name_cstr = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
-               config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name_cstr);
-               if (!config)
-                       config = string_list_append(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name_cstr);
-               else
-                       free(name_cstr);
-               config->util = (void *)(intptr_t)parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(var, value);
-       } else if (!strcmp(key, "ignore")) {
-               char *name_cstr;
-
-               if (!value)
-                       return config_error_nonbool(var);
-
-               if (strcmp(value, "untracked") && strcmp(value, "dirty") &&
-                   strcmp(value, "all") && strcmp(value, "none")) {
-                       warning("Invalid parameter \"%s\" for config option \"submodule.%s.ignore\"", value, var);
-                       return 0;
-               }
+/*
+ * Determine if a submodule has been initialized at a given 'path'
+ */
+int is_submodule_initialized(const char *path)
+{
+       int ret = 0;
+       const struct submodule *module = NULL;
 
-               name_cstr = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
-               config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_ignore_for_name, name_cstr);
-               if (config) {
-                       free(config->util);
-                       free(name_cstr);
-               } else
-                       config = string_list_append(&config_ignore_for_name, name_cstr);
-               config->util = xstrdup(value);
-               return 0;
+       module = submodule_from_path(null_sha1, path);
+
+       if (module) {
+               char *key = xstrfmt("submodule.%s.url", module->name);
+               char *value = NULL;
+
+               ret = !git_config_get_string(key, &value);
+
+               free(value);
+               free(key);
        }
+
+       return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Determine if a submodule has been populated at a given 'path'
+ */
+int is_submodule_populated(const char *path)
+{
+       int ret = 0;
+       char *gitdir = xstrfmt("%s/.git", path);
+
+       if (resolve_gitdir(gitdir))
+               ret = 1;
+
+       free(gitdir);
+       return ret;
+}
+
+int parse_submodule_update_strategy(const char *value,
+               struct submodule_update_strategy *dst)
+{
+       free((void*)dst->command);
+       dst->command = NULL;
+       if (!strcmp(value, "none"))
+               dst->type = SM_UPDATE_NONE;
+       else if (!strcmp(value, "checkout"))
+               dst->type = SM_UPDATE_CHECKOUT;
+       else if (!strcmp(value, "rebase"))
+               dst->type = SM_UPDATE_REBASE;
+       else if (!strcmp(value, "merge"))
+               dst->type = SM_UPDATE_MERGE;
+       else if (skip_prefix(value, "!", &value)) {
+               dst->type = SM_UPDATE_COMMAND;
+               dst->command = xstrdup(value);
+       } else
+               return -1;
        return 0;
 }
 
+const char *submodule_strategy_to_string(const struct submodule_update_strategy *s)
+{
+       struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+       switch (s->type) {
+       case SM_UPDATE_CHECKOUT:
+               return "checkout";
+       case SM_UPDATE_MERGE:
+               return "merge";
+       case SM_UPDATE_REBASE:
+               return "rebase";
+       case SM_UPDATE_NONE:
+               return "none";
+       case SM_UPDATE_UNSPECIFIED:
+               return NULL;
+       case SM_UPDATE_COMMAND:
+               strbuf_addf(&sb, "!%s", s->command);
+               return strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+       }
+       return NULL;
+}
+
 void handle_ignore_submodules_arg(struct diff_options *diffopt,
                                  const char *arg)
 {
@@ -290,9 +310,9 @@ void handle_ignore_submodules_arg(struct diff_options *diffopt,
 
 static int prepare_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, const char *path,
                struct commit *left, struct commit *right,
-               int *fast_forward, int *fast_backward)
+               struct commit_list *merge_bases)
 {
-       struct commit_list *merge_bases, *list;
+       struct commit_list *list;
 
        init_revisions(rev, NULL);
        setup_revisions(0, NULL, rev, NULL);
@@ -301,17 +321,10 @@ static int prepare_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, const char *path,
        left->object.flags |= SYMMETRIC_LEFT;
        add_pending_object(rev, &left->object, path);
        add_pending_object(rev, &right->object, path);
-       merge_bases = get_merge_bases(left, right);
-       if (merge_bases) {
-               if (merge_bases->item == left)
-                       *fast_forward = 1;
-               else if (merge_bases->item == right)
-                       *fast_backward = 1;
-       }
        for (list = merge_bases; list; list = list->next) {
                list->item->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
                add_pending_object(rev, &list->item->object,
-                       sha1_to_hex(list->item->object.sha1));
+                       oid_to_hex(&list->item->object.oid));
        }
        return prepare_revision_walk(rev);
 }
@@ -345,45 +358,23 @@ static void print_submodule_summary(struct rev_info *rev, FILE *f,
        strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
-int parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
-{
-       switch (git_config_maybe_bool(opt, arg)) {
-       case 1:
-               return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON;
-       case 0:
-               return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF;
-       default:
-               if (!strcmp(arg, "on-demand"))
-                       return RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
-               die("bad %s argument: %s", opt, arg);
-       }
-}
-
-void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
+/* Helper function to display the submodule header line prior to the full
+ * summary output. If it can locate the submodule objects directory it will
+ * attempt to lookup both the left and right commits and put them into the
+ * left and right pointers.
+ */
+static void show_submodule_header(FILE *f, const char *path,
                const char *line_prefix,
-               unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
+               struct object_id *one, struct object_id *two,
                unsigned dirty_submodule, const char *meta,
-               const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset)
+               const char *reset,
+               struct commit **left, struct commit **right,
+               struct commit_list **merge_bases)
 {
-       struct rev_info rev;
-       struct commit *left = NULL, *right = NULL;
        const char *message = NULL;
        struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
        int fast_forward = 0, fast_backward = 0;
 
-       if (is_null_sha1(two))
-               message = "(submodule deleted)";
-       else if (add_submodule_odb(path))
-               message = "(not checked out)";
-       else if (is_null_sha1(one))
-               message = "(new submodule)";
-       else if (!(left = lookup_commit_reference(one)) ||
-                !(right = lookup_commit_reference(two)))
-               message = "(commits not present)";
-       else if (prepare_submodule_summary(&rev, path, left, right,
-                                          &fast_forward, &fast_backward))
-               message = "(revision walker failed)";
-
        if (dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED)
                fprintf(f, "%sSubmodule %s contains untracked content\n",
                        line_prefix, path);
@@ -391,30 +382,162 @@ void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
                fprintf(f, "%sSubmodule %s contains modified content\n",
                        line_prefix, path);
 
-       if (!hashcmp(one, two)) {
+       if (is_null_oid(one))
+               message = "(new submodule)";
+       else if (is_null_oid(two))
+               message = "(submodule deleted)";
+
+       if (add_submodule_odb(path)) {
+               if (!message)
+                       message = "(not initialized)";
+               goto output_header;
+       }
+
+       /*
+        * Attempt to lookup the commit references, and determine if this is
+        * a fast forward or fast backwards update.
+        */
+       *left = lookup_commit_reference(one->hash);
+       *right = lookup_commit_reference(two->hash);
+
+       /*
+        * Warn about missing commits in the submodule project, but only if
+        * they aren't null.
+        */
+       if ((!is_null_oid(one) && !*left) ||
+            (!is_null_oid(two) && !*right))
+               message = "(commits not present)";
+
+       *merge_bases = get_merge_bases(*left, *right);
+       if (*merge_bases) {
+               if ((*merge_bases)->item == *left)
+                       fast_forward = 1;
+               else if ((*merge_bases)->item == *right)
+                       fast_backward = 1;
+       }
+
+       if (!oidcmp(one, two)) {
                strbuf_release(&sb);
                return;
        }
 
-       strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%sSubmodule %s %s..", line_prefix, meta, path,
-                       find_unique_abbrev(one, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-       if (!fast_backward && !fast_forward)
-               strbuf_addch(&sb, '.');
-       strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s", find_unique_abbrev(two, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+output_header:
+       strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s%sSubmodule %s ", line_prefix, meta, path);
+       strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&sb, one->hash, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+       strbuf_addstr(&sb, (fast_backward || fast_forward) ? ".." : "...");
+       strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&sb, two->hash, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
        if (message)
                strbuf_addf(&sb, " %s%s\n", message, reset);
        else
                strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s:%s\n", fast_backward ? " (rewind)" : "", reset);
        fwrite(sb.buf, sb.len, 1, f);
 
-       if (!message) /* only NULL if we succeeded in setting up the walk */
-               print_submodule_summary(&rev, f, line_prefix, del, add, reset);
+       strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
+               const char *line_prefix,
+               struct object_id *one, struct object_id *two,
+               unsigned dirty_submodule, const char *meta,
+               const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset)
+{
+       struct rev_info rev;
+       struct commit *left = NULL, *right = NULL;
+       struct commit_list *merge_bases = NULL;
+
+       show_submodule_header(f, path, line_prefix, one, two, dirty_submodule,
+                             meta, reset, &left, &right, &merge_bases);
+
+       /*
+        * If we don't have both a left and a right pointer, there is no
+        * reason to try and display a summary. The header line should contain
+        * all the information the user needs.
+        */
+       if (!left || !right)
+               goto out;
+
+       /* Treat revision walker failure the same as missing commits */
+       if (prepare_submodule_summary(&rev, path, left, right, merge_bases)) {
+               fprintf(f, "%s(revision walker failed)\n", line_prefix);
+               goto out;
+       }
+
+       print_submodule_summary(&rev, f, line_prefix, del, add, reset);
+
+out:
+       if (merge_bases)
+               free_commit_list(merge_bases);
+       clear_commit_marks(left, ~0);
+       clear_commit_marks(right, ~0);
+}
+
+void show_submodule_inline_diff(FILE *f, const char *path,
+               const char *line_prefix,
+               struct object_id *one, struct object_id *two,
+               unsigned dirty_submodule, const char *meta,
+               const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset,
+               const struct diff_options *o)
+{
+       const struct object_id *old = &empty_tree_oid, *new = &empty_tree_oid;
+       struct commit *left = NULL, *right = NULL;
+       struct commit_list *merge_bases = NULL;
+       struct strbuf submodule_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
+       struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+
+       show_submodule_header(f, path, line_prefix, one, two, dirty_submodule,
+                             meta, reset, &left, &right, &merge_bases);
+
+       /* We need a valid left and right commit to display a difference */
+       if (!(left || is_null_oid(one)) ||
+           !(right || is_null_oid(two)))
+               goto done;
+
+       if (left)
+               old = one;
+       if (right)
+               new = two;
+
+       fflush(f);
+       cp.git_cmd = 1;
+       cp.dir = path;
+       cp.out = dup(fileno(f));
+       cp.no_stdin = 1;
+
+       /* TODO: other options may need to be passed here. */
+       argv_array_push(&cp.args, "diff");
+       argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--line-prefix=%s", line_prefix);
+       if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, REVERSE_DIFF)) {
+               argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--src-prefix=%s%s/",
+                                o->b_prefix, path);
+               argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--dst-prefix=%s%s/",
+                                o->a_prefix, path);
+       } else {
+               argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--src-prefix=%s%s/",
+                                o->a_prefix, path);
+               argv_array_pushf(&cp.args, "--dst-prefix=%s%s/",
+                                o->b_prefix, path);
+       }
+       argv_array_push(&cp.args, oid_to_hex(old));
+       /*
+        * If the submodule has modified content, we will diff against the
+        * work tree, under the assumption that the user has asked for the
+        * diff format and wishes to actually see all differences even if they
+        * haven't yet been committed to the submodule yet.
+        */
+       if (!(dirty_submodule & DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED))
+               argv_array_push(&cp.args, oid_to_hex(new));
+
+       if (run_command(&cp))
+               fprintf(f, "(diff failed)\n");
+
+done:
+       strbuf_release(&submodule_dir);
+       if (merge_bases)
+               free_commit_list(merge_bases);
        if (left)
                clear_commit_marks(left, ~0);
        if (right)
                clear_commit_marks(right, ~0);
-
-       strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
 void set_config_fetch_recurse_submodules(int value)
@@ -428,27 +551,67 @@ static int has_remote(const char *refname, const struct object_id *oid,
        return 1;
 }
 
-static int submodule_needs_pushing(const char *path, const unsigned char sha1[20])
+static int append_sha1_to_argv(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *data)
+{
+       struct argv_array *argv = data;
+       argv_array_push(argv, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int check_has_commit(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *data)
 {
-       if (add_submodule_odb(path) || !lookup_commit_reference(sha1))
+       int *has_commit = data;
+
+       if (!lookup_commit_reference(sha1))
+               *has_commit = 0;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int submodule_has_commits(const char *path, struct sha1_array *commits)
+{
+       int has_commit = 1;
+
+       if (add_submodule_odb(path))
+               return 0;
+
+       sha1_array_for_each_unique(commits, check_has_commit, &has_commit);
+       return has_commit;
+}
+
+static int submodule_needs_pushing(const char *path, struct sha1_array *commits)
+{
+       if (!submodule_has_commits(path, commits))
+               /*
+                * NOTE: We do consider it safe to return "no" here. The
+                * correct answer would be "We do not know" instead of
+                * "No push needed", but it is quite hard to change
+                * the submodule pointer without having the submodule
+                * around. If a user did however change the submodules
+                * without having the submodule around, this indicates
+                * an expert who knows what they are doing or a
+                * maintainer integrating work from other people. In
+                * both cases it should be safe to skip this check.
+                */
                return 0;
 
        if (for_each_remote_ref_submodule(path, has_remote, NULL) > 0) {
                struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-               const char *argv[] = {"rev-list", NULL, "--not", "--remotes", "-n", "1" , NULL};
                struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
                int needs_pushing = 0;
 
-               argv[1] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
-               cp.argv = argv;
-               cp.env = local_repo_env;
+               argv_array_push(&cp.args, "rev-list");
+               sha1_array_for_each_unique(commits, append_sha1_to_argv, &cp.args);
+               argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "--not", "--remotes", "-n", "1" , NULL);
+
+               prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
                cp.git_cmd = 1;
                cp.no_stdin = 1;
                cp.out = -1;
                cp.dir = path;
                if (start_command(&cp))
-                       die("Could not run 'git rev-list %s --not --remotes -n 1' command in submodule %s",
-                               sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
+                       die("Could not run 'git rev-list <commits> --not --remotes -n 1' command in submodule %s",
+                                       path);
                if (strbuf_read(&buf, cp.out, 41))
                        needs_pushing = 1;
                finish_command(&cp);
@@ -460,19 +623,34 @@ static int submodule_needs_pushing(const char *path, const unsigned char sha1[20
        return 0;
 }
 
+static struct sha1_array *submodule_commits(struct string_list *submodules,
+                                           const char *path)
+{
+       struct string_list_item *item;
+
+       item = string_list_insert(submodules, path);
+       if (item->util)
+               return (struct sha1_array *) item->util;
+
+       /* NEEDSWORK: should we have sha1_array_init()? */
+       item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct sha1_array));
+       return (struct sha1_array *) item->util;
+}
+
 static void collect_submodules_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
                                         struct diff_options *options,
                                         void *data)
 {
        int i;
-       struct string_list *needs_pushing = data;
+       struct string_list *submodules = data;
 
        for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
                struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
+               struct sha1_array *commits;
                if (!S_ISGITLINK(p->two->mode))
                        continue;
-               if (submodule_needs_pushing(p->two->path, p->two->sha1))
-                       string_list_insert(needs_pushing, p->two->path);
+               commits = submodule_commits(submodules, p->two->path);
+               sha1_array_append(commits, p->two->oid.hash);
        }
 }
 
@@ -488,47 +666,64 @@ static void find_unpushed_submodule_commits(struct commit *commit,
        diff_tree_combined_merge(commit, 1, &rev);
 }
 
-int find_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20],
+static void free_submodules_sha1s(struct string_list *submodules)
+{
+       struct string_list_item *item;
+       for_each_string_list_item(item, submodules)
+               sha1_array_clear((struct sha1_array *) item->util);
+       string_list_clear(submodules, 1);
+}
+
+int find_unpushed_submodules(struct sha1_array *commits,
                const char *remotes_name, struct string_list *needs_pushing)
 {
        struct rev_info rev;
        struct commit *commit;
-       const char *argv[] = {NULL, NULL, "--not", "NULL", NULL};
-       int argc = ARRAY_SIZE(argv) - 1;
-       char *sha1_copy;
-
-       struct strbuf remotes_arg = STRBUF_INIT;
+       struct string_list submodules = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+       struct string_list_item *submodule;
+       struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
-       strbuf_addf(&remotes_arg, "--remotes=%s", remotes_name);
        init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
-       sha1_copy = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(new_sha1));
-       argv[1] = sha1_copy;
-       argv[3] = remotes_arg.buf;
-       setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
+
+       /* argv.argv[0] will be ignored by setup_revisions */
+       argv_array_push(&argv, "find_unpushed_submodules");
+       sha1_array_for_each_unique(commits, append_sha1_to_argv, &argv);
+       argv_array_push(&argv, "--not");
+       argv_array_pushf(&argv, "--remotes=%s", remotes_name);
+
+       setup_revisions(argv.argc, argv.argv, &rev, NULL);
        if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
                die("revision walk setup failed");
 
        while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL)
-               find_unpushed_submodule_commits(commit, needs_pushing);
+               find_unpushed_submodule_commits(commit, &submodules);
 
        reset_revision_walk();
-       free(sha1_copy);
-       strbuf_release(&remotes_arg);
+       argv_array_clear(&argv);
+
+       for_each_string_list_item(submodule, &submodules) {
+               struct sha1_array *commits = (struct sha1_array *) submodule->util;
+
+               if (submodule_needs_pushing(submodule->string, commits))
+                       string_list_insert(needs_pushing, submodule->string);
+       }
+       free_submodules_sha1s(&submodules);
 
        return needs_pushing->nr;
 }
 
-static int push_submodule(const char *path)
+static int push_submodule(const char *path, int dry_run)
 {
        if (add_submodule_odb(path))
                return 1;
 
        if (for_each_remote_ref_submodule(path, has_remote, NULL) > 0) {
                struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-               const char *argv[] = {"push", NULL};
+               argv_array_push(&cp.args, "push");
+               if (dry_run)
+                       argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--dry-run");
 
-               cp.argv = argv;
-               cp.env = local_repo_env;
+               prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
                cp.git_cmd = 1;
                cp.no_stdin = 1;
                cp.dir = path;
@@ -540,18 +735,20 @@ static int push_submodule(const char *path)
        return 1;
 }
 
-int push_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20], const char *remotes_name)
+int push_unpushed_submodules(struct sha1_array *commits,
+                            const char *remotes_name,
+                            int dry_run)
 {
        int i, ret = 1;
        struct string_list needs_pushing = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
-       if (!find_unpushed_submodules(new_sha1, remotes_name, &needs_pushing))
+       if (!find_unpushed_submodules(commits, remotes_name, &needs_pushing))
                return 1;
 
        for (i = 0; i < needs_pushing.nr; i++) {
                const char *path = needs_pushing.items[i].string;
                fprintf(stderr, "Pushing submodule '%s'\n", path);
-               if (!push_submodule(path)) {
+               if (!push_submodule(path, dry_run)) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "Unable to push submodule '%s'\n", path);
                        ret = 0;
                }
@@ -574,7 +771,7 @@ static int is_submodule_commit_present(const char *path, unsigned char sha1[20])
 
                argv[3] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
                cp.argv = argv;
-               cp.env = local_repo_env;
+               prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
                cp.git_cmd = 1;
                cp.no_stdin = 1;
                cp.dir = path;
@@ -603,7 +800,7 @@ static void submodule_collect_changed_cb(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
                         * being moved around. */
                        struct string_list_item *path;
                        path = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, p->two->path);
-                       if (!path && !is_submodule_commit_present(p->two->path, p->two->sha1))
+                       if (!path && !is_submodule_commit_present(p->two->path, p->two->oid.hash))
                                string_list_append(&changed_submodule_paths, xstrdup(p->two->path));
                } else {
                        /* Submodule is new or was moved here */
@@ -634,9 +831,10 @@ void check_for_new_submodule_commits(unsigned char new_sha1[20])
        sha1_array_append(&ref_tips_after_fetch, new_sha1);
 }
 
-static void add_sha1_to_argv(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *data)
+static int add_sha1_to_argv(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *data)
 {
        argv_array_push(data, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+       return 0;
 }
 
 static void calculate_changed_submodule_paths(void)
@@ -646,7 +844,7 @@ static void calculate_changed_submodule_paths(void)
        struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
        /* No need to check if there are no submodules configured */
-       if (!config_name_for_path.nr)
+       if (!submodule_from_path(NULL, NULL))
                return;
 
        init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
@@ -673,7 +871,7 @@ static void calculate_changed_submodule_paths(void)
                        diff_opts.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
                        diff_opts.format_callback = submodule_collect_changed_cb;
                        diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
-                       diff_tree_sha1(parent->item->object.sha1, commit->object.sha1, "", &diff_opts);
+                       diff_tree_sha1(parent->item->object.oid.hash, commit->object.oid.hash, "", &diff_opts);
                        diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
                        diff_flush(&diff_opts);
                        parent = parent->next;
@@ -686,56 +884,48 @@ static void calculate_changed_submodule_paths(void)
        initialized_fetch_ref_tips = 0;
 }
 
-int fetch_populated_submodules(const struct argv_array *options,
-                              const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
-                              int quiet)
+struct submodule_parallel_fetch {
+       int count;
+       struct argv_array args;
+       const char *work_tree;
+       const char *prefix;
+       int command_line_option;
+       int quiet;
+       int result;
+};
+#define SPF_INIT {0, ARGV_ARRAY_INIT, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, 0}
+
+static int get_next_submodule(struct child_process *cp,
+                             struct strbuf *err, void *data, void **task_cb)
 {
-       int i, result = 0;
-       struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-       struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
-       struct string_list_item *name_for_path;
-       const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
-       if (!work_tree)
-               goto out;
-
-       if (read_cache() < 0)
-               die("index file corrupt");
-
-       argv_array_push(&argv, "fetch");
-       for (i = 0; i < options->argc; i++)
-               argv_array_push(&argv, options->argv[i]);
-       argv_array_push(&argv, "--recurse-submodules-default");
-       /* default value, "--submodule-prefix" and its value are added later */
-
-       cp.env = local_repo_env;
-       cp.git_cmd = 1;
-       cp.no_stdin = 1;
-
-       calculate_changed_submodule_paths();
+       int ret = 0;
+       struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = data;
 
-       for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+       for (; spf->count < active_nr; spf->count++) {
                struct strbuf submodule_path = STRBUF_INIT;
                struct strbuf submodule_git_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
                struct strbuf submodule_prefix = STRBUF_INIT;
-               const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-               const char *git_dir, *name, *default_argv;
+               const struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[spf->count];
+               const char *git_dir, *default_argv;
+               const struct submodule *submodule;
 
                if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
                        continue;
 
-               name = ce->name;
-               name_for_path = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, ce->name);
-               if (name_for_path)
-                       name = name_for_path->util;
+               submodule = submodule_from_path(null_sha1, ce->name);
+               if (!submodule)
+                       submodule = submodule_from_name(null_sha1, ce->name);
 
                default_argv = "yes";
-               if (command_line_option == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT) {
-                       struct string_list_item *fetch_recurse_submodules_option;
-                       fetch_recurse_submodules_option = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name);
-                       if (fetch_recurse_submodules_option) {
-                               if ((intptr_t)fetch_recurse_submodules_option->util == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF)
+               if (spf->command_line_option == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT) {
+                       if (submodule &&
+                           submodule->fetch_recurse !=
+                                               RECURSE_SUBMODULES_NONE) {
+                               if (submodule->fetch_recurse ==
+                                               RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF)
                                        continue;
-                               if ((intptr_t)fetch_recurse_submodules_option->util == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) {
+                               if (submodule->fetch_recurse ==
+                                               RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) {
                                        if (!unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, ce->name))
                                                continue;
                                        default_argv = "on-demand";
@@ -750,40 +940,103 @@ int fetch_populated_submodules(const struct argv_array *options,
                                        default_argv = "on-demand";
                                }
                        }
-               } else if (command_line_option == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) {
+               } else if (spf->command_line_option == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) {
                        if (!unsorted_string_list_lookup(&changed_submodule_paths, ce->name))
                                continue;
                        default_argv = "on-demand";
                }
 
-               strbuf_addf(&submodule_path, "%s/%s", work_tree, ce->name);
+               strbuf_addf(&submodule_path, "%s/%s", spf->work_tree, ce->name);
                strbuf_addf(&submodule_git_dir, "%s/.git", submodule_path.buf);
-               strbuf_addf(&submodule_prefix, "%s%s/", prefix, ce->name);
+               strbuf_addf(&submodule_prefix, "%s%s/", spf->prefix, ce->name);
                git_dir = read_gitfile(submodule_git_dir.buf);
                if (!git_dir)
                        git_dir = submodule_git_dir.buf;
                if (is_directory(git_dir)) {
-                       if (!quiet)
-                               printf("Fetching submodule %s%s\n", prefix, ce->name);
-                       cp.dir = submodule_path.buf;
-                       argv_array_push(&argv, default_argv);
-                       argv_array_push(&argv, "--submodule-prefix");
-                       argv_array_push(&argv, submodule_prefix.buf);
-                       cp.argv = argv.argv;
-                       if (run_command(&cp))
-                               result = 1;
-                       argv_array_pop(&argv);
-                       argv_array_pop(&argv);
-                       argv_array_pop(&argv);
+                       child_process_init(cp);
+                       cp->dir = strbuf_detach(&submodule_path, NULL);
+                       prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp->env_array);
+                       cp->git_cmd = 1;
+                       if (!spf->quiet)
+                               strbuf_addf(err, "Fetching submodule %s%s\n",
+                                           spf->prefix, ce->name);
+                       argv_array_init(&cp->args);
+                       argv_array_pushv(&cp->args, spf->args.argv);
+                       argv_array_push(&cp->args, default_argv);
+                       argv_array_push(&cp->args, "--submodule-prefix");
+                       argv_array_push(&cp->args, submodule_prefix.buf);
+                       ret = 1;
                }
                strbuf_release(&submodule_path);
                strbuf_release(&submodule_git_dir);
                strbuf_release(&submodule_prefix);
+               if (ret) {
+                       spf->count++;
+                       return 1;
+               }
        }
-       argv_array_clear(&argv);
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int fetch_start_failure(struct strbuf *err,
+                              void *cb, void *task_cb)
+{
+       struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = cb;
+
+       spf->result = 1;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+static int fetch_finish(int retvalue, struct strbuf *err,
+                       void *cb, void *task_cb)
+{
+       struct submodule_parallel_fetch *spf = cb;
+
+       if (retvalue)
+               spf->result = 1;
+
+       return 0;
+}
+
+int fetch_populated_submodules(const struct argv_array *options,
+                              const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
+                              int quiet, int max_parallel_jobs)
+{
+       int i;
+       struct submodule_parallel_fetch spf = SPF_INIT;
+
+       spf.work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
+       spf.command_line_option = command_line_option;
+       spf.quiet = quiet;
+       spf.prefix = prefix;
+
+       if (!spf.work_tree)
+               goto out;
+
+       if (read_cache() < 0)
+               die("index file corrupt");
+
+       argv_array_push(&spf.args, "fetch");
+       for (i = 0; i < options->argc; i++)
+               argv_array_push(&spf.args, options->argv[i]);
+       argv_array_push(&spf.args, "--recurse-submodules-default");
+       /* default value, "--submodule-prefix" and its value are added later */
+
+       if (max_parallel_jobs < 0)
+               max_parallel_jobs = parallel_jobs;
+
+       calculate_changed_submodule_paths();
+       run_processes_parallel(max_parallel_jobs,
+                              get_next_submodule,
+                              fetch_start_failure,
+                              fetch_finish,
+                              &spf);
+
+       argv_array_clear(&spf.args);
 out:
        string_list_clear(&changed_submodule_paths, 1);
-       return result;
+       return spf.result;
 }
 
 unsigned is_submodule_modified(const char *path, int ignore_untracked)
@@ -817,7 +1070,7 @@ unsigned is_submodule_modified(const char *path, int ignore_untracked)
                argv[2] = "-uno";
 
        cp.argv = argv;
-       cp.env = local_repo_env;
+       prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
        cp.git_cmd = 1;
        cp.no_stdin = 1;
        cp.out = -1;
@@ -878,7 +1131,7 @@ int submodule_uses_gitfile(const char *path)
 
        /* Now test that all nested submodules use a gitfile too */
        cp.argv = argv;
-       cp.env = local_repo_env;
+       prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
        cp.git_cmd = 1;
        cp.no_stdin = 1;
        cp.no_stderr = 1;
@@ -890,45 +1143,64 @@ int submodule_uses_gitfile(const char *path)
        return 1;
 }
 
-int ok_to_remove_submodule(const char *path)
+/*
+ * Check if it is a bad idea to remove a submodule, i.e. if we'd lose data
+ * when doing so.
+ *
+ * Return 1 if we'd lose data, return 0 if the removal is fine,
+ * and negative values for errors.
+ */
+int bad_to_remove_submodule(const char *path, unsigned flags)
 {
        ssize_t len;
        struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
-       const char *argv[] = {
-               "status",
-               "--porcelain",
-               "-u",
-               "--ignore-submodules=none",
-               NULL,
-       };
        struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-       int ok_to_remove = 1;
+       int ret = 0;
 
        if (!file_exists(path) || is_empty_dir(path))
-               return 1;
+               return 0;
 
        if (!submodule_uses_gitfile(path))
-               return 0;
+               return 1;
 
-       cp.argv = argv;
-       cp.env = local_repo_env;
+       argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "status", "--porcelain",
+                                  "--ignore-submodules=none", NULL);
+
+       if (flags & SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_IGNORE_UNTRACKED)
+               argv_array_push(&cp.args, "-uno");
+       else
+               argv_array_push(&cp.args, "-uall");
+
+       if (!(flags & SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_IGNORE_IGNORED_UNTRACKED))
+               argv_array_push(&cp.args, "--ignored");
+
+       prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
        cp.git_cmd = 1;
        cp.no_stdin = 1;
        cp.out = -1;
        cp.dir = path;
-       if (start_command(&cp))
-               die("Could not run 'git status --porcelain -uall --ignore-submodules=none' in submodule %s", path);
+       if (start_command(&cp)) {
+               if (flags & SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_DIE_ON_ERROR)
+                       die(_("could not start 'git status in submodule '%s'"),
+                               path);
+               ret = -1;
+               goto out;
+       }
 
        len = strbuf_read(&buf, cp.out, 1024);
        if (len > 2)
-               ok_to_remove = 0;
+               ret = 1;
        close(cp.out);
 
-       if (finish_command(&cp))
-               die("'git status --porcelain -uall --ignore-submodules=none' failed in submodule %s", path);
-
+       if (finish_command(&cp)) {
+               if (flags & SUBMODULE_REMOVAL_DIE_ON_ERROR)
+                       die(_("could not run 'git status in submodule '%s'"),
+                               path);
+               ret = -1;
+       }
+out:
        strbuf_release(&buf);
-       return ok_to_remove;
+       return ret;
 }
 
 static int find_first_merges(struct object_array *result, const char *path,
@@ -950,7 +1222,7 @@ static int find_first_merges(struct object_array *result, const char *path,
 
        /* get all revisions that merge commit a */
        snprintf(merged_revision, sizeof(merged_revision), "^%s",
-                       sha1_to_hex(a->object.sha1));
+                       oid_to_hex(&a->object.oid));
        init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
        rev_opts.submodule = path;
        setup_revisions(ARRAY_SIZE(rev_args)-1, rev_args, &revs, &rev_opts);
@@ -993,7 +1265,7 @@ static void print_commit(struct commit *commit)
 {
        struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
        struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-       ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
+       ctx.date_mode.type = DATE_NORMAL;
        format_commit_message(commit, " %h: %m %s", &sb, &ctx);
        fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", sb.buf);
        strbuf_release(&sb);
@@ -1081,7 +1353,7 @@ int merge_submodule(unsigned char result[20], const char *path,
                        "by using:\n\n"
                        "  git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 %s \"%s\"\n\n"
                        "which will accept this suggestion.\n",
-                       sha1_to_hex(merges.objects[0].item->sha1), path);
+                       oid_to_hex(&merges.objects[0].item->oid), path);
                break;
 
        default:
@@ -1094,28 +1366,151 @@ int merge_submodule(unsigned char result[20], const char *path,
        return 0;
 }
 
-/* Update gitfile and core.worktree setting to connect work tree and git dir */
-void connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(const char *work_tree, const char *git_dir)
+int parallel_submodules(void)
+{
+       return parallel_jobs;
+}
+
+void prepare_submodule_repo_env(struct argv_array *out)
 {
-       struct strbuf file_name = STRBUF_INIT;
-       struct strbuf rel_path = STRBUF_INIT;
-       const char *real_work_tree = xstrdup(real_path(work_tree));
-
-       /* Update gitfile */
-       strbuf_addf(&file_name, "%s/.git", work_tree);
-       write_file(file_name.buf, 1, "gitdir: %s\n",
-                  relative_path(git_dir, real_work_tree, &rel_path));
-
-       /* Update core.worktree setting */
-       strbuf_reset(&file_name);
-       strbuf_addf(&file_name, "%s/config", git_dir);
-       if (git_config_set_in_file(file_name.buf, "core.worktree",
-                                  relative_path(real_work_tree, git_dir,
-                                                &rel_path)))
-               die(_("Could not set core.worktree in %s"),
-                   file_name.buf);
-
-       strbuf_release(&file_name);
-       strbuf_release(&rel_path);
-       free((void *)real_work_tree);
+       const char * const *var;
+
+       for (var = local_repo_env; *var; var++) {
+               if (strcmp(*var, CONFIG_DATA_ENVIRONMENT))
+                       argv_array_push(out, *var);
+       }
+       argv_array_pushf(out, "%s=%s", GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT,
+                        DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Embeds a single submodules git directory into the superprojects git dir,
+ * non recursively.
+ */
+static void relocate_single_git_dir_into_superproject(const char *prefix,
+                                                     const char *path)
+{
+       char *old_git_dir = NULL, *real_old_git_dir = NULL, *real_new_git_dir = NULL;
+       const char *new_git_dir;
+       const struct submodule *sub;
+
+       if (submodule_uses_worktrees(path))
+               die(_("relocate_gitdir for submodule '%s' with "
+                     "more than one worktree not supported"), path);
+
+       old_git_dir = xstrfmt("%s/.git", path);
+       if (read_gitfile(old_git_dir))
+               /* If it is an actual gitfile, it doesn't need migration. */
+               return;
+
+       real_old_git_dir = real_pathdup(old_git_dir, 1);
+
+       sub = submodule_from_path(null_sha1, path);
+       if (!sub)
+               die(_("could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"), path);
+
+       new_git_dir = git_path("modules/%s", sub->name);
+       if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(new_git_dir) < 0)
+               die(_("could not create directory '%s'"), new_git_dir);
+       real_new_git_dir = real_pathdup(new_git_dir, 1);
+
+       if (!prefix)
+               prefix = get_super_prefix();
+
+       fprintf(stderr, _("Migrating git directory of '%s%s' from\n'%s' to\n'%s'\n"),
+               prefix ? prefix : "", path,
+               real_old_git_dir, real_new_git_dir);
+
+       relocate_gitdir(path, real_old_git_dir, real_new_git_dir);
+
+       free(old_git_dir);
+       free(real_old_git_dir);
+       free(real_new_git_dir);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Migrate the git directory of the submodule given by path from
+ * having its git directory within the working tree to the git dir nested
+ * in its superprojects git dir under modules/.
+ */
+void absorb_git_dir_into_superproject(const char *prefix,
+                                     const char *path,
+                                     unsigned flags)
+{
+       int err_code;
+       const char *sub_git_dir;
+       struct strbuf gitdir = STRBUF_INIT;
+       strbuf_addf(&gitdir, "%s/.git", path);
+       sub_git_dir = resolve_gitdir_gently(gitdir.buf, &err_code);
+
+       /* Not populated? */
+       if (!sub_git_dir) {
+               char *real_new_git_dir;
+               const char *new_git_dir;
+               const struct submodule *sub;
+
+               if (err_code == READ_GITFILE_ERR_STAT_FAILED) {
+                       /* unpopulated as expected */
+                       strbuf_release(&gitdir);
+                       return;
+               }
+
+               if (err_code != READ_GITFILE_ERR_NOT_A_REPO)
+                       /* We don't know what broke here. */
+                       read_gitfile_error_die(err_code, path, NULL);
+
+               /*
+               * Maybe populated, but no git directory was found?
+               * This can happen if the superproject is a submodule
+               * itself and was just absorbed. The absorption of the
+               * superproject did not rewrite the git file links yet,
+               * fix it now.
+               */
+               sub = submodule_from_path(null_sha1, path);
+               if (!sub)
+                       die(_("could not lookup name for submodule '%s'"), path);
+               new_git_dir = git_path("modules/%s", sub->name);
+               if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(new_git_dir) < 0)
+                       die(_("could not create directory '%s'"), new_git_dir);
+               real_new_git_dir = real_pathdup(new_git_dir, 1);
+               connect_work_tree_and_git_dir(path, real_new_git_dir);
+
+               free(real_new_git_dir);
+       } else {
+               /* Is it already absorbed into the superprojects git dir? */
+               char *real_sub_git_dir = real_pathdup(sub_git_dir, 1);
+               char *real_common_git_dir = real_pathdup(get_git_common_dir(), 1);
+
+               if (!starts_with(real_sub_git_dir, real_common_git_dir))
+                       relocate_single_git_dir_into_superproject(prefix, path);
+
+               free(real_sub_git_dir);
+               free(real_common_git_dir);
+       }
+       strbuf_release(&gitdir);
+
+       if (flags & ABSORB_GITDIR_RECURSE_SUBMODULES) {
+               struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
+               struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+               if (flags & ~ABSORB_GITDIR_RECURSE_SUBMODULES)
+                       die("BUG: we don't know how to pass the flags down?");
+
+               if (get_super_prefix())
+                       strbuf_addstr(&sb, get_super_prefix());
+               strbuf_addstr(&sb, path);
+               strbuf_addch(&sb, '/');
+
+               cp.dir = path;
+               cp.git_cmd = 1;
+               cp.no_stdin = 1;
+               argv_array_pushl(&cp.args, "--super-prefix", sb.buf,
+                                          "submodule--helper",
+                                          "absorb-git-dirs", NULL);
+               prepare_submodule_repo_env(&cp.env_array);
+               if (run_command(&cp))
+                       die(_("could not recurse into submodule '%s'"), path);
+
+               strbuf_release(&sb);
+       }
 }