SYNOPSIS
--------
+[verse]
'git send-email' [options] <file|directory|rev-list options>...
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Takes the patches given on the command line and emails them out.
+Patches can be specified as files, directories (which will send all
+files in the directory), or directly as a revision list. In the
+last case, any format accepted by linkgit:git-format-patch[1] can
+be passed to git send-email.
The header of the email is configurable by command line options. If not
specified on the command line, the user will be prompted with a ReadLine
Composing
~~~~~~~~~
+--annotate::
+ Review and edit each patch you're about to send. See the
+ CONFIGURATION section for 'sendemail.multiedit'.
+
--bcc=<address>::
Specify a "Bcc:" value for each email. Default is the value of
'sendemail.bcc'.
+
The --cc option must be repeated for each user you want on the cc list.
---annotate::
- Review each patch you're about to send in an editor. The setting
- 'sendemail.multiedit' defines if this will spawn one editor per patch
- or one for all of them at once.
-
--compose::
- Use $GIT_EDITOR, core.editor, $VISUAL, or $EDITOR to edit an
- introductory message for the patch series.
+ Invoke a text editor (see GIT_EDITOR in linkgit:git-var[1])
+ to edit an introductory message for the patch series.
+
When '--compose' is used, git send-email will use the From, Subject, and
In-Reply-To headers specified in the message. If the body of the message
and In-Reply-To headers will be used unless they are removed.
+
Missing From or In-Reply-To headers will be prompted for.
++
+See the CONFIGURATION section for 'sendemail.multiedit'.
--from=<address>::
- Specify the sender of the emails. This will default to
- the value GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT, as returned by "git var -l".
- The user will still be prompted to confirm this entry.
+ Specify the sender of the emails. If not specified on the command line,
+ the value of the 'sendemail.from' configuration option is used. If
+ neither the command line option nor 'sendemail.from' are set, then the
+ user will be prompted for the value. The default for the prompt will be
+ the value of GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT, or GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT if that is not
+ set, as returned by "git var -l".
--in-reply-to=<identifier>::
- Specify the contents of the first In-Reply-To header.
- Subsequent emails will refer to the previous email
- instead of this if --chain-reply-to is set (the default)
- Only necessary if --compose is also set. If --compose
- is not set, this will be prompted for.
+ Make the first mail (or all the mails with `--no-thread`) appear as a
+ reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
+ provide a new patch series.
+ The second and subsequent emails will be sent as replies according to
+ the `--[no]-chain-reply-to` setting.
++
+So for example when `--thread` and `--no-chain-reply-to` are specified, the
+second and subsequent patches will be replies to the first one like in the
+illustration below where `[PATCH v2 0/3]` is in reply to `[PATCH 0/2]`:
++
+ [PATCH 0/2] Here is what I did...
+ [PATCH 1/2] Clean up and tests
+ [PATCH 2/2] Implementation
+ [PATCH v2 0/3] Here is a reroll
+ [PATCH v2 1/3] Clean up
+ [PATCH v2 2/3] New tests
+ [PATCH v2 3/3] Implementation
++
+Only necessary if --compose is also set. If --compose
+is not set, this will be prompted for.
--subject=<string>::
Specify the initial subject of the email thread.
Specify the primary recipient of the emails generated. Generally, this
will be the upstream maintainer of the project involved. Default is the
value of the 'sendemail.to' configuration value; if that is unspecified,
- this will be prompted for.
+ and --to-cmd is not specified, this will be prompted for.
+
The --to option must be repeated for each user you want on the to list.
+--8bit-encoding=<encoding>::
+ When encountering a non-ASCII message or subject that does not
+ declare its encoding, add headers/quoting to indicate it is
+ encoded in <encoding>. Default is the value of the
+ 'sendemail.assume8bitEncoding'; if that is unspecified, this
+ will be prompted for if any non-ASCII files are encountered.
++
+Note that no attempts whatsoever are made to validate the encoding.
+
Sending
~~~~~~~
--envelope-sender=<address>::
Specify the envelope sender used to send the emails.
This is useful if your default address is not the address that is
- subscribed to a list. If you use the sendmail binary, you must have
- suitable privileges for the -f parameter. Default is the value of
- the 'sendemail.envelopesender' configuration variable; if that is
+ subscribed to a list. In order to use the 'From' address, set the
+ value to "auto". If you use the sendmail binary, you must have
+ suitable privileges for the -f parameter. Default is the value of the
+ 'sendemail.envelopesender' configuration variable; if that is
unspecified, choosing the envelope sender is left to your MTA.
--smtp-encryption=<encryption>::
value reverts to plain SMTP. Default is the value of
'sendemail.smtpencryption'.
+--smtp-domain=<FQDN>::
+ Specifies the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) used in the
+ HELO/EHLO command to the SMTP server. Some servers require the
+ FQDN to match your IP address. If not set, git send-email attempts
+ to determine your FQDN automatically. Default is the value of
+ 'sendemail.smtpdomain'.
+
--smtp-pass[=<password>]::
Password for SMTP-AUTH. The argument is optional: If no
argument is specified, then the empty string is used as
--smtp-server-port=<port>::
Specifies a port different from the default port (SMTP
- servers typically listen to smtp port 25 and ssmtp port
- 465). This can be set with 'sendemail.smtpserverport'.
+ servers typically listen to smtp port 25, but may also listen to
+ submission port 587, or the common SSL smtp port 465);
+ symbolic port names (e.g. "submission" instead of 587)
+ are also accepted. The port can also be set with the
+ 'sendemail.smtpserverport' configuration variable.
+
+--smtp-server-option=<option>::
+ If set, specifies the outgoing SMTP server option to use.
+ Default value can be specified by the 'sendemail.smtpserveroption'
+ configuration option.
++
+The --smtp-server-option option must be repeated for each option you want
+to pass to the server. Likewise, different lines in the configuration files
+must be used for each option.
--smtp-ssl::
Legacy alias for '--smtp-encryption ssl'.
if a username is not specified (with '--smtp-user' or 'sendemail.smtpuser'),
then authentication is not attempted.
+--smtp-debug=0|1::
+ Enable (1) or disable (0) debug output. If enabled, SMTP
+ commands and replies will be printed. Useful to debug TLS
+ connection and authentication problems.
Automating
~~~~~~~~~~
+--to-cmd=<command>::
+ Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
+ should generate patch file specific "To:" entries.
+ Output of this command must be single email address per line.
+ Default is the value of 'sendemail.tocmd' configuration value.
+
--cc-cmd=<command>::
Specify a command to execute once per patch file which
should generate patch file specific "Cc:" entries.
Output of this command must be single email address per line.
Default is the value of 'sendemail.cccmd' configuration value.
---[no-]chain-reply-to=<identifier>::
+--[no-]chain-reply-to::
If this is set, each email will be sent as a reply to the previous
email sent. If disabled with "--no-chain-reply-to", all emails after
the first will be sent as replies to the first email sent. When using
this, it is recommended that the first file given be an overview of the
- entire patch series. Default is the value of the 'sendemail.chainreplyto'
- configuration value; if that is unspecified, default to --chain-reply-to.
+ entire patch series. Disabled by default, but the 'sendemail.chainreplyto'
+ configuration variable can be used to enable it.
--identity=<identity>::
A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
- 'self' will avoid including the sender
- 'cc' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the patch header
except for self (use 'self' for that).
-- 'ccbody' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the
+- 'bodycc' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Cc lines in the
patch body (commit message) except for self (use 'self' for that).
- 'sob' will avoid including anyone mentioned in Signed-off-by lines except
for self (use 'self' for that).
- 'cccmd' will avoid running the --cc-cmd.
-- 'body' is equivalent to 'sob' + 'ccbody'
+- 'body' is equivalent to 'sob' + 'bodycc'
- 'all' will suppress all auto cc values.
--
+
value; if that is unspecified, default to --no-suppress-from.
--[no-]thread::
- If this is set, the In-Reply-To header will be set on each email sent.
- If disabled with "--no-thread", no emails will have the In-Reply-To
- header set. Default is the value of the 'sendemail.thread' configuration
- value; if that is unspecified, default to --thread.
+ If this is set, the In-Reply-To and References headers will be
+ added to each email sent. Whether each mail refers to the
+ previous email (`deep` threading per 'git format-patch'
+ wording) or to the first email (`shallow` threading) is
+ governed by "--[no-]chain-reply-to".
++
+If disabled with "--no-thread", those headers will not be added
+(unless specified with --in-reply-to). Default is the value of the
+'sendemail.thread' configuration value; if that is unspecified,
+default to --thread.
++
+It is up to the user to ensure that no In-Reply-To header already
+exists when 'git send-email' is asked to add it (especially note that
+'git format-patch' can be configured to do the threading itself).
+Failure to do so may not produce the expected result in the
+recipient's MUA.
Administering
--dry-run::
Do everything except actually send the emails.
+--[no-]format-patch::
+ When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name,
+ choose to understand it as a format-patch argument ('--format-patch')
+ or as a file name ('--no-format-patch'). By default, when such a conflict
+ occurs, git send-email will fail.
+
--quiet::
Make git-send-email less verbose. One line per email should be
all that is output.
Default is the value of 'sendemail.validate'; if this is not set,
default to '--validate'.
---[no-]format-patch::
- When an argument may be understood either as a reference or as a file name,
- choose to understand it as a format-patch argument ('--format-patch')
- or as a file name ('--no-format-patch'). By default, when such a conflict
- occurs, git send-email will fail.
+--force::
+ Send emails even if safety checks would prevent it.
CONFIGURATION
one of 'always', 'never', 'cc', 'compose', or 'auto'. See '--confirm'
in the previous section for the meaning of these values.
+EXAMPLE
+-------
+Use gmail as the smtp server
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+To use 'git send-email' to send your patches through the GMail SMTP server,
+edit ~/.gitconfig to specify your account settings:
-Author
-------
-Written by Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
+ [sendemail]
+ smtpencryption = tls
+ smtpserver = smtp.gmail.com
+ smtpuser = yourname@gmail.com
+ smtpserverport = 587
-git-send-email is originally based upon
-send_lots_of_email.pl by Greg Kroah-Hartman.
+Once your commits are ready to be sent to the mailing list, run the
+following commands:
+ $ git format-patch --cover-letter -M origin/master -o outgoing/
+ $ edit outgoing/0000-*
+ $ git send-email outgoing/*
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Ryan Anderson
+Note: the following perl modules are required
+ Net::SMTP::SSL, MIME::Base64 and Authen::SASL
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-imap-send[1], mbox(5)
GIT
---