SYNOPSIS
--------
[verse]
-'git pack-objects' [-q] [--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
- [--local] [--incremental] [--window=N] [--depth=N] [--all-progress]
- [--revs [--unpacked | --all]*] [--stdout | base-name] < object-list
+'git pack-objects' [-q | --progress | --all-progress] [--all-progress-implied]
+ [--no-reuse-delta] [--delta-base-offset] [--non-empty]
+ [--local] [--incremental] [--window=<n>] [--depth=<n>]
+ [--revs [--unpacked | --all]] [--stdout | base-name]
+ [--keep-true-parents] < object-list
DESCRIPTION
Reads list of objects from the standard input, and writes a packed
archive with specified base-name, or to the standard output.
-A packed archive is an efficient way to transfer set of objects
-between two repositories, and also is an archival format which
-is efficient to access. The packed archive format (.pack) is
-designed to be self contained so that it can be unpacked without
-any further information, but for fast, random access to the objects
-in the pack, a pack index file (.idx) will be generated.
+A packed archive is an efficient way to transfer a set of objects
+between two repositories as well as an access efficient archival
+format. In a packed archive, an object is either stored as a
+compressed whole or as a difference from some other object.
+The latter is often called a delta.
-Placing both in the pack/ subdirectory of $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY (or
+The packed archive format (.pack) is designed to be self-contained
+so that it can be unpacked without any further information. Therefore,
+each object that a delta depends upon must be present within the pack.
+
+A pack index file (.idx) is generated for fast, random access to the
+objects in the pack. Placing both the index file (.idx) and the packed
+archive (.pack) in the pack/ subdirectory of $GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY (or
any of the directories on $GIT_ALTERNATE_OBJECT_DIRECTORIES)
-enables git to read from such an archive.
+enables Git to read from the pack archive.
-The 'git-unpack-objects' command can read the packed archive and
+The 'git unpack-objects' command can read the packed archive and
expand the objects contained in the pack into "one-file
one-object" format; this is typically done by the smart-pull
commands when a pack is created on-the-fly for efficient network
transport by their peers.
-In a packed archive, an object is either stored as a compressed
-whole, or as a difference from some other object. The latter is
-often called a delta.
-
OPTIONS
-------
Write into a pair of files (.pack and .idx), using
<base-name> to determine the name of the created file.
When this option is used, the two files are written in
- <base-name>-<SHA1>.{pack,idx} files. <SHA1> is a hash
+ <base-name>-<SHA-1>.{pack,idx} files. <SHA-1> is a hash
of the sorted object names to make the resulting filename
based on the pack content, and written to the standard
output of the command.
--revs::
Read the revision arguments from the standard input, instead of
individual object names. The revision arguments are processed
- the same way as 'git-rev-list' with the `--objects` flag
+ the same way as 'git rev-list' with the `--objects` flag
uses its `commit` arguments to build the list of objects it
outputs. The objects on the resulting list are packed.
--all::
This implies `--revs`. In addition to the list of
revision arguments read from the standard input, pretend
- as if all refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs` are specified to be
+ as if all refs under `refs/` are specified to be
included.
--include-tag::
Include unasked-for annotated tags if the object they
reference was included in the resulting packfile. This
- can be useful to send new tags to native git clients.
+ can be useful to send new tags to native Git clients.
---window=[N]::
---depth=[N]::
+--window=<n>::
+--depth=<n>::
These two options affect how the objects contained in
the pack are stored using delta compression. The
objects are first internally sorted by type, size and
times to get to the necessary object.
The default value for --window is 10 and --depth is 50.
---window-memory=[N]::
+--window-memory=<n>::
This option provides an additional limit on top of `--window`;
the window size will dynamically scale down so as to not take
- up more than N bytes in memory. This is useful in
+ up more than '<n>' bytes in memory. This is useful in
repositories with a mix of large and small objects to not run
out of memory with a large window, but still be able to take
advantage of the large window for the smaller objects. The
default.
--max-pack-size=<n>::
- Maximum size of each output packfile, expressed in MiB.
+ Maximum size of each output pack file. The size can be suffixed with
+ "k", "m", or "g". The minimum size allowed is limited to 1 MiB.
If specified, multiple packfiles may be created.
The default is unlimited, unless the config variable
`pack.packSizeLimit` is set.
--honor-pack-keep::
This flag causes an object already in a local pack that
- has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it appears in the
- standard input.
+ has a .keep file to be ignored, even if it would have
+ otherwise been packed.
--incremental::
- This flag causes an object already in a pack ignored
- even if it appears in the standard input.
+ This flag causes an object already in a pack to be ignored
+ even if it would have otherwise been packed.
--local::
- This flag is similar to `--incremental`; instead of
- ignoring all packed objects, it only ignores objects
- that are packed and/or not in the local object store
- (i.e. borrowed from an alternate).
+ This flag causes an object that is borrowed from an alternate
+ object store to be ignored even if it would have otherwise been
+ packed.
--non-empty::
Only create a packed archive if it would contain at
--all-progress::
When --stdout is specified then progress report is
- displayed during the object count and deltification phases
+ displayed during the object count and compression phases
but inhibited during the write-out phase. The reason is
that in some cases the output stream is directly linked
to another command which may wish to display progress
report for the write-out phase as well even if --stdout is
used.
+--all-progress-implied::
+ This is used to imply --all-progress whenever progress display
+ is activated. Unlike --all-progress this flag doesn't actually
+ force any progress display by itself.
+
-q::
This flag makes the command not to report its progress
on the standard error stream.
wholesale enforcement of a different compression level on the
packed data is desired.
---compression=[N]::
+--compression=<n>::
Specifies compression level for newly-compressed data in the
generated pack. If not specified, pack compression level is
determined first by pack.compression, then by core.compression,
Add --no-reuse-object if you want to force a uniform compression
level on all data no matter the source.
+--thin::
+ Create a "thin" pack by omitting the common objects between a
+ sender and a receiver in order to reduce network transfer. This
+ option only makes sense in conjunction with --stdout.
++
+Note: A thin pack violates the packed archive format by omitting
+required objects and is thus unusable by Git without making it
+self-contained. Use `git index-pack --fix-thin`
+(see linkgit:git-index-pack[1]) to restore the self-contained property.
+
--delta-base-offset::
- A packed archive can express base object of a delta as
- either 20-byte object name or as an offset in the
- stream, but older version of git does not understand the
- latter. By default, 'git-pack-objects' only uses the
+ A packed archive can express the base object of a delta as
+ either a 20-byte object name or as an offset in the
+ stream, but ancient versions of Git don't understand the
+ latter. By default, 'git pack-objects' only uses the
former format for better compatibility. This option
allows the command to use the latter format for
compactness. Depending on the average delta chain
length, this option typically shrinks the resulting
packfile by 3-5 per-cent.
++
+Note: Porcelain commands such as `git gc` (see linkgit:git-gc[1]),
+`git repack` (see linkgit:git-repack[1]) pass this option by default
+in modern Git when they put objects in your repository into pack files.
+So does `git bundle` (see linkgit:git-bundle[1]) when it creates a bundle.
--threads=<n>::
Specifies the number of threads to spawn when searching for best
This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor machines.
The required amount of memory for the delta search window is
however multiplied by the number of threads.
- Specifying 0 will cause git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
+ Specifying 0 will cause Git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
and set the number of threads accordingly.
--index-version=<version>[,<offset>]::
to force the version for the generated pack index, and to force
64-bit index entries on objects located above the given offset.
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-
-Documentation
--------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano
+--keep-true-parents::
+ With this option, parents that are hidden by grafts are packed
+ nevertheless.
SEE ALSO
--------