SYNOPSIS
--------
+[verse]
'git rev-parse' [ --option ] <args>...
DESCRIPTION
Many git porcelainish commands take mixture of flags
(i.e. parameters that begin with a dash '-') and parameters
-meant for the underlying 'git-rev-list' command they use internally
+meant for the underlying 'git rev-list' command they use internally
and flags and parameters for the other commands they use
-downstream of 'git-rev-list'. This command is used to
+downstream of 'git rev-list'. This command is used to
distinguish between them.
OPTIONS
-------
--parseopt::
- Use 'git-rev-parse' in option parsing mode (see PARSEOPT section below).
+ Use 'git rev-parse' in option parsing mode (see PARSEOPT section below).
--keep-dashdash::
Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode. Tells the option parser to echo
out the first `--` met instead of skipping it.
+--stop-at-non-option::
+ Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode. Lets the option parser stop at
+ the first non-option argument. This can be used to parse sub-commands
+ that take options themselves.
+
+--sq-quote::
+ Use 'git rev-parse' in shell quoting mode (see SQ-QUOTE
+ section below). In contrast to the `--sq` option below, this
+ mode does only quoting. Nothing else is done to command input.
+
--revs-only::
Do not output flags and parameters not meant for
- 'git-rev-list' command.
+ 'git rev-list' command.
--no-revs::
Do not output flags and parameters meant for
- 'git-rev-list' command.
+ 'git rev-list' command.
--flags::
Do not output non-flag parameters.
properly quoted for consumption by shell. Useful when
you expect your parameter to contain whitespaces and
newlines (e.g. when using pickaxe `-S` with
- 'git-diff-\*').
+ 'git diff-{asterisk}'). In contrast to the `--sq-quote` option,
+ the command input is still interpreted as usual.
--not::
When showing object names, prefix them with '{caret}' and
unfortunately named tag "master"), and show them as full
refnames (e.g. "refs/heads/master").
---abbrev-ref[={strict|loose}]::
+--abbrev-ref[=(strict|loose)]::
A non-ambiguous short name of the objects name.
The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
abbreviation mode.
--all::
- Show all refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs`.
-
---branches::
- Show branch refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads`.
+ Show all refs found in `refs/`.
+
+--branches[=pattern]::
+--tags[=pattern]::
+--remotes[=pattern]::
+ Show all branches, tags, or remote-tracking branches,
+ respectively (i.e., refs found in `refs/heads`,
+ `refs/tags`, or `refs/remotes`, respectively).
++
+If a `pattern` is given, only refs matching the given shell glob are
+shown. If the pattern does not contain a globbing character (`?`,
+`{asterisk}`, or `[`), it is turned into a prefix match by
+appending `/{asterisk}`.
---tags::
- Show tag refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags`.
+--glob=pattern::
+ Show all refs matching the shell glob pattern `pattern`. If
+ the pattern does not start with `refs/`, this is automatically
+ prepended. If the pattern does not contain a globbing
+ character (`?`, `{asterisk}`, or `[`), it is turned into a prefix
+ match by appending `/{asterisk}`.
---remotes::
- Show tag refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes`.
+--show-toplevel::
+ Show the absolute path of the top-level directory.
--show-prefix::
When the command is invoked from a subdirectory, show the
directory (typically a sequence of "../", or an empty string).
--git-dir::
- Show `$GIT_DIR` if defined else show the path to the .git directory.
+ Show `$GIT_DIR` if defined. Otherwise show the path to
+ the .git directory, relative to the current directory.
++
+If `$GIT_DIR` is not defined and the current directory
+is not detected to lie in a git repository or work tree
+print a message to stderr and exit with nonzero status.
--is-inside-git-dir::
When the current working directory is below the repository
--is-bare-repository::
When the repository is bare print "true", otherwise "false".
+--local-env-vars::
+ List the GIT_* environment variables that are local to the
+ repository (e.g. GIT_DIR or GIT_WORK_TREE, but not GIT_EDITOR).
+ Only the names of the variables are listed, not their value,
+ even if they are set.
+
--short::
--short=number::
Instead of outputting the full SHA1 values of object names try to
--since=datestring::
--after=datestring::
Parse the date string, and output the corresponding
- --max-age= parameter for 'git-rev-list'.
+ --max-age= parameter for 'git rev-list'.
--until=datestring::
--before=datestring::
Parse the date string, and output the corresponding
- --min-age= parameter for 'git-rev-list'.
+ --min-age= parameter for 'git rev-list'.
<args>...::
Flags and parameters to be parsed.
+--resolve-git-dir <path>::
+ Check if <path> is a valid git-dir or a git-file pointing to a valid
+ git-dir. If <path> is a valid git-dir the resolved path to git-dir will
+ be printed.
-SPECIFYING REVISIONS
---------------------
-
-A revision parameter typically, but not necessarily, names a
-commit object. They use what is called an 'extended SHA1'
-syntax. Here are various ways to spell object names. The
-ones listed near the end of this list are to name trees and
-blobs contained in a commit.
-
-* The full SHA1 object name (40-byte hexadecimal string), or
- a substring of such that is unique within the repository.
- E.g. dae86e1950b1277e545cee180551750029cfe735 and dae86e both
- name the same commit object if there are no other object in
- your repository whose object name starts with dae86e.
-
-* An output from 'git-describe'; i.e. a closest tag, optionally
- followed by a dash and a number of commits, followed by a dash, a
- `g`, and an abbreviated object name.
-
-* A symbolic ref name. E.g. 'master' typically means the commit
- object referenced by $GIT_DIR/refs/heads/master. If you
- happen to have both heads/master and tags/master, you can
- explicitly say 'heads/master' to tell git which one you mean.
- When ambiguous, a `<name>` is disambiguated by taking the
- first match in the following rules:
-
- . if `$GIT_DIR/<name>` exists, that is what you mean (this is usually
- useful only for `HEAD`, `FETCH_HEAD`, `ORIG_HEAD` and `MERGE_HEAD`);
-
- . otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/<name>` if exists;
-
- . otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags/<name>` if exists;
-
- . otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads/<name>` if exists;
-
- . otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/<name>` if exists;
-
- . otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD` if exists.
-+
-HEAD names the commit your changes in the working tree is based on.
-FETCH_HEAD records the branch you fetched from a remote repository
-with your last 'git-fetch' invocation.
-ORIG_HEAD is created by commands that moves your HEAD in a drastic
-way, to record the position of the HEAD before their operation, so that
-you can change the tip of the branch back to the state before you ran
-them easily.
-MERGE_HEAD records the commit(s) you are merging into your branch
-when you run 'git-merge'.
-
-* A ref followed by the suffix '@' with a date specification
- enclosed in a brace
- pair (e.g. '\{yesterday\}', '\{1 month 2 weeks 3 days 1 hour 1
- second ago\}' or '\{1979-02-26 18:30:00\}') to specify the value
- of the ref at a prior point in time. This suffix may only be
- used immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an
- existing log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>). Note that this looks up the state
- of your *local* ref at a given time; e.g., what was in your local
- `master` branch last week. If you want to look at commits made during
- certain times, see `--since` and `--until`.
-
-* A ref followed by the suffix '@' with an ordinal specification
- enclosed in a brace pair (e.g. '\{1\}', '\{15\}') to specify
- the n-th prior value of that ref. For example 'master@\{1\}'
- is the immediate prior value of 'master' while 'master@\{5\}'
- is the 5th prior value of 'master'. This suffix may only be used
- immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an existing
- log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>).
-
-* You can use the '@' construct with an empty ref part to get at a
- reflog of the current branch. For example, if you are on the
- branch 'blabla', then '@\{1\}' means the same as 'blabla@\{1\}'.
-
-* The special construct '@\{-<n>\}' means the <n>th branch checked out
- before the current one.
-
-* A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter means the first parent of
- that commit object. '{caret}<n>' means the <n>th parent (i.e.
- 'rev{caret}'
- is equivalent to 'rev{caret}1'). As a special rule,
- 'rev{caret}0' means the commit itself and is used when 'rev' is the
- object name of a tag object that refers to a commit object.
-
-* A suffix '{tilde}<n>' to a revision parameter means the commit
- object that is the <n>th generation grand-parent of the named
- commit object, following only the first parent. I.e. rev~3 is
- equivalent to rev{caret}{caret}{caret} which is equivalent to
- rev{caret}1{caret}1{caret}1. See below for a illustration of
- the usage of this form.
-
-* A suffix '{caret}' followed by an object type name enclosed in
- brace pair (e.g. `v0.99.8{caret}\{commit\}`) means the object
- could be a tag, and dereference the tag recursively until an
- object of that type is found or the object cannot be
- dereferenced anymore (in which case, barf). `rev{caret}0`
- introduced earlier is a short-hand for `rev{caret}\{commit\}`.
-
-* A suffix '{caret}' followed by an empty brace pair
- (e.g. `v0.99.8{caret}\{\}`) means the object could be a tag,
- and dereference the tag recursively until a non-tag object is
- found.
-
-* A colon, followed by a slash, followed by a text: this names
- a commit whose commit message starts with the specified text.
- This name returns the youngest matching commit which is
- reachable from any ref. If the commit message starts with a
- '!', you have to repeat that; the special sequence ':/!',
- followed by something else than '!' is reserved for now.
-
-* A suffix ':' followed by a path; this names the blob or tree
- at the given path in the tree-ish object named by the part
- before the colon.
-
-* A colon, optionally followed by a stage number (0 to 3) and a
- colon, followed by a path; this names a blob object in the
- index at the given path. Missing stage number (and the colon
- that follows it) names a stage 0 entry. During a merge, stage
- 1 is the common ancestor, stage 2 is the target branch's version
- (typically the current branch), and stage 3 is the version from
- the branch being merged.
-
-Here is an illustration, by Jon Loeliger. Both commit nodes B
-and C are parents of commit node A. Parent commits are ordered
-left-to-right.
-
-........................................
-G H I J
- \ / \ /
- D E F
- \ | / \
- \ | / |
- \|/ |
- B C
- \ /
- \ /
- A
-........................................
-
- A = = A^0
- B = A^ = A^1 = A~1
- C = A^2 = A^2
- D = A^^ = A^1^1 = A~2
- E = B^2 = A^^2
- F = B^3 = A^^3
- G = A^^^ = A^1^1^1 = A~3
- H = D^2 = B^^2 = A^^^2 = A~2^2
- I = F^ = B^3^ = A^^3^
- J = F^2 = B^3^2 = A^^3^2
-
-
-SPECIFYING RANGES
------------------
-
-History traversing commands such as 'git-log' operate on a set
-of commits, not just a single commit. To these commands,
-specifying a single revision with the notation described in the
-previous section means the set of commits reachable from that
-commit, following the commit ancestry chain.
-
-To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix `{caret}`
-notation is used. E.g. `{caret}r1 r2` means commits reachable
-from `r2` but exclude the ones reachable from `r1`.
-
-This set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand
-for it. When you have two commits `r1` and `r2` (named according
-to the syntax explained in SPECIFYING REVISIONS above), you can ask
-for commits that are reachable from r2 excluding those that are reachable
-from r1 by `{caret}r1 r2` and it can be written as `r1..r2`.
-
-A similar notation `r1\...r2` is called symmetric difference
-of `r1` and `r2` and is defined as
-`r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)`.
-It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of
-`r1` or `r2` but not from both.
-
-Two other shorthands for naming a set that is formed by a commit
-and its parent commits exist. The `r1{caret}@` notation means all
-parents of `r1`. `r1{caret}!` includes commit `r1` but excludes
-all of its parents.
-
-Here are a handful of examples:
-
- D G H D
- D F G H I J D F
- ^G D H D
- ^D B E I J F B
- B...C G H D E B C
- ^D B C E I J F B C
- C^@ I J F
- F^! D G H D F
+include::revisions.txt[]
PARSEOPT
--------
-In `--parseopt` mode, 'git-rev-parse' helps massaging options to bring to shell
+In `--parseopt` mode, 'git rev-parse' helps massaging options to bring to shell
scripts the same facilities C builtins have. It works as an option normalizer
(e.g. splits single switches aggregate values), a bit like `getopt(1)` does.
It takes on the standard input the specification of the options to parse and
-understand, and echoes on the standard output a line suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`
+understand, and echoes on the standard output a string suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`
to replace the arguments with normalized ones. In case of error, it outputs
usage on the standard error stream, and exits with code 129.
+Note: Make sure you quote the result when passing it to `eval`. See
+below for an example.
+
Input Format
~~~~~~~~~~~~
-'git-rev-parse --parseopt' input format is fully text based. It has two parts,
+'git rev-parse --parseopt' input format is fully text based. It has two parts,
separated by a line that contains only `--`. The lines before the separator
(should be more than one) are used for the usage.
The lines after the separator describe the options.
An option group Header
C? option C with an optional argument"
-eval `echo "$OPTS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?`
+eval "$(echo "$OPTS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?)"
+------------
+
+SQ-QUOTE
+--------
+
+In `--sq-quote` mode, 'git rev-parse' echoes on the standard output a
+single line suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`. This line is made by
+normalizing the arguments following `--sq-quote`. Nothing other than
+quoting the arguments is done.
+
+If you want command input to still be interpreted as usual by
+'git rev-parse' before the output is shell quoted, see the `--sq`
+option.
+
+Example
+~~~~~~~
+
+------------
+$ cat >your-git-script.sh <<\EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@") # quote user-supplied arguments
+command="git frotz -n24 $args" # and use it inside a handcrafted
+ # command line
+eval "$command"
+EOF
+
+$ sh your-git-script.sh "a b'c"
------------
EXAMPLES
+
but if $REV is empty, the commit object name from master will be printed.
-
-Author
-------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> .
-Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@debian.org>
-
-Documentation
---------------
-Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
-
GIT
---
Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite