git-ls-files(1)
===============
-v0.1, May 2005
NAME
----
-git-ls-files - Information about files in the cache/working directory
+git-ls-files - Show information about files in the index and the working tree
SYNOPSIS
--------
-'git-ls-files' [-z] [-t]
- (--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed])\*
- (-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k])\*
+[verse]
+'git-ls-files' [-z] [-t] [-v]
+ (--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])\*
+ (-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])\*
[-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
[-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
[--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
+ [--error-unmatch]
+ [--full-name] [--abbrev] [--] [<file>]\*
DESCRIPTION
-----------
-d|--deleted::
Show deleted files in the output
+-m|--modified::
+ Show modified files in the output
+
-o|--others::
Show other files in the output
-s|--stage::
Show stage files in the output
+--directory::
+ If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its
+ name (with a trailing slash) and not its whole contents.
+
+--no-empty-directory::
+ Do not list empty directories. Has no effect without --directory.
+
-u|--unmerged::
Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
-k|--killed::
Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due
- to file/directory conflicts for checkout-cache to
+ to file/directory conflicts for checkout-index to
succeed.
-z::
- \0 line termination on output
+ \0 line termination on output.
-x|--exclude=<pattern>::
Skips files matching pattern.
read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the
directory and its subdirectories in <file>.
+--error-unmatch::
+ If any <file> does not appear in the index, treat this as an
+ error (return 1).
+
-t::
Identify the file status with the following tags (followed by
a space) at the start of each line:
- H cached
- M unmerged
- R removed/deleted
- K to be killed
- ? other
+ H:: cached
+ M:: unmerged
+ R:: removed/deleted
+ C:: modified/changed
+ K:: to be killed
+ ?:: other
+
+-v::
+ Similar to `-t`, but use lowercase letters for files
+ that are marked as 'always matching index'.
+
+--full-name::
+ When run from a subdirectory, the command usually
+ outputs paths relative to the current directory. This
+ option forces paths to be output relative to the project
+ top directory.
+
+--abbrev[=<n>]::
+ Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
+ lines, show only handful hexdigits prefix.
+ Non default number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
+
+\--::
+ Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
+
+<file>::
+ Files to show. If no files are given all files which match the other
+ specified criteria are shown.
Output
------
For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA1 pair,
the dircache records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
1, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3. This information can be used by
-the user (or Cogito) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
-path. (see read-cache for more information on state)
+the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
+path. (see git-read-tree for more information on state)
+
+When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
+in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
+respectively.
Exclude Patterns
These exclude patterns come from these places:
-
(1) command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a single
+
1. command line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a single
pattern.
- (2) command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a list of
+ 2. command line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a list of
patterns stored in a file.
- (3) command line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies
+ 3. command line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies
a name of the file in each directory 'git-ls-files'
examines, and if exists, its contents are used as an
additional list of patterns.
per line. A line that starts with a '#' can be used as comment
for readability.
-The list of patterns that is in effect at a given time is
-built and ordered in the following way:
+There are three lists of patterns that are in effect at a given
+time. They are built and ordered in the following way:
+
+ * --exclude=<pattern> from the command line; patterns are
+ ordered in the same order as they appear on the command line.
- * --exclude=<pattern> and lines read from --exclude-from=<file>
- come at the beginning of the list of patterns, in the order
- given on the command line. Patterns that come from the file
- specified with --exclude-from are ordered in the same order
- as they appear in the file.
+ * lines read from --exclude-from=<file>; patterns are ordered
+ in the same order as they appear in the file.
* When --exclude-per-directory=<name> is specified, upon
entering a directory that has such a file, its contents are
are popped off when leaving the directory.
Each pattern in the pattern list specifies "a match pattern" and
-optionally the fate --- either a file that matches the pattern
-is considered excluded or included. By default, this being
-"exclude" mechanism, the fate is "excluded". A filename is
-examined against the patterns in the list, and the first match
-determines its fate.
+optionally the fate; either a file that matches the pattern is
+considered excluded or included. A filename is matched against
+the patterns in the three lists; the --exclude-from list is
+checked first, then the --exclude-per-directory list, and then
+finally the --exclude list. The last match determines its fate.
+If there is no match in the three lists, the fate is "included".
A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read
from the file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the
- if it does not contain a slash '/', it is a shell glob
pattern and used to match against the filename without
- leading directories (i.e. the same way as the current
- implementation).
+ leading directories.
- otherwise, it is a shell glob pattern, suitable for
consumption by fnmatch(3) with FNM_PATHNAME flag. I.e. a
slash in the pattern must match a slash in the pathname.
- "Documentation/*.html" matches "Documentation/git.html" but
+ "Documentation/\*.html" matches "Documentation/git.html" but
not "ppc/ppc.html". As a natural exception, "/*.c" matches
"cat-file.c" but not "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
An example:
- $ cat .git/ignore
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+ $ cat .git/info/exclude
# ignore objects and archives, anywhere in the tree.
*.[oa]
$ cat Documentation/.gitignore
# ignore generated html files,
+ *.html
# except foo.html which is maintained by hand
!foo.html
- *.html
$ git-ls-files --ignored \
--exclude='Documentation/*.[0-9]' \
- --exclude-from=.git/ignore \
+ --exclude-from=.git/info/exclude \
--exclude-per-directory=.gitignore
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Another example:
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+ $ cat .gitignore
+ vmlinux*
+ $ ls arch/foo/kernel/vm*
+ arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S
+ $ echo '!/vmlinux*' >arch/foo/kernel/.gitignore
+--------------------------------------------------------------
+
+The second .gitignore keeps `arch/foo/kernel/vmlinux.lds.S` file
+from getting ignored.
See Also
--------
-link:read-cache.html[read-cache]
+gitlink:git-read-tree[1]
Author
GIT
---
-Part of the link:git.html[git] suite
+Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite