SYNOPSIS
--------
-'git
-rev-parse' [ --option ] <args>...
+'git
rev-parse' [ --option ] <args>...
DESCRIPTION
-----------
Many git porcelainish commands take mixture of flags
(i.e. parameters that begin with a dash '-') and parameters
-meant for underlying `git-rev-list` command they use internally
-and flags and parameters for other commands they use as the
-downstream of `git-rev-list`. This command is used to
+meant for the underlying 'git-rev-list' command they use internally
+and flags and parameters for the other commands they use
+downstream of 'git-rev-list'. This command is used to
distinguish between them.
OPTIONS
-------
+--parseopt::
+ Use 'git-rev-parse' in option parsing mode (see PARSEOPT section below).
+
+--keep-dash-dash::
+ Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode. Tells the option parser to echo
+ out the first `--` met instead of skipping it.
+
--revs-only::
Do not output flags and parameters not meant for
- `git-rev-list` command.
+ 'git-rev-list' command.
--no-revs::
Do not output flags and parameters meant for
- `git-rev-list` command.
+ 'git-rev-list' command.
--flags::
Do not output non-flag parameters.
The parameter given must be usable as a single, valid
object name. Otherwise barf and abort.
+-q::
+--quiet::
+ Only meaningful in `--verify` mode. Do not output an error
+ message if the first argument is not a valid object name;
+ instead exit with non-zero status silently.
+
--sq::
Usually the output is made one line per flag and
parameter. This option makes output a single line,
properly quoted for consumption by shell. Useful when
you expect your parameter to contain whitespaces and
newlines (e.g. when using pickaxe `-S` with
- `git-diff-\*`).
+ 'git-diff-\*').
--not::
When showing object names, prefix them with '{caret}' and
possible '{caret}' prefix); this option makes them output in a
form as close to the original input as possible.
+--symbolic-full-name::
+ This is similar to \--symbolic, but it omits input that
+ are not refs (i.e. branch or tag names; or more
+ explicitly disambiguating "heads/master" form, when you
+ want to name the "master" branch when there is an
+ unfortunately named tag "master"), and show them as full
+ refnames (e.g. "refs/heads/master").
+
+--abbrev-ref[={strict|loose}]::
+ A non-ambiguous short name of the objects name.
+ The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
+ abbreviation mode.
--all::
Show all refs found in `$GIT_DIR/refs`.
--is-bare-repository::
When the repository is bare print "true", otherwise "false".
---short, --short=number::
+--short::
+--short=number::
Instead of outputting the full SHA1 values of object names try to
abbreviate them to a shorter unique name. When no length is specified
7 is used. The minimum length is 4.
---since=datestring, --after=datestring::
- Parses the date string, and outputs corresponding
- --max-age= parameter for git-rev-list command.
+--since=datestring::
+--after=datestring::
+ Parse the date string, and output the corresponding
+ --max-age= parameter for 'git-rev-list'.
---until=datestring, --before=datestring::
- Parses the date string, and outputs corresponding
- --min-age= parameter for git-rev-list command.
+--until=datestring::
+--before=datestring::
+ Parse the date string, and output the corresponding
+ --min-age= parameter for 'git-rev-list'.
<args>...::
Flags and parameters to be parsed.
name the same commit object if there are no other object in
your repository whose object name starts with dae86e.
-* An output from `git-describe`; i.e. a closest tag, followed by a
- dash, a `g`, and an abbreviated object name.
+* An output from 'git-describe'; i.e. a closest tag, optionally
+ followed by a dash and a number of commits, followed by a dash, a
+ `g`, and an abbreviated object name.
* A symbolic ref name. E.g. 'master' typically means the commit
object referenced by $GIT_DIR/refs/heads/master. If you
first match in the following rules:
. if `$GIT_DIR/<name>` exists, that is what you mean (this is usually
- useful only for `HEAD`, `FETCH_HEAD` and `MERGE_HEAD`);
+ useful only for `HEAD`, `FETCH_HEAD`, `ORIG_HEAD` and `MERGE_HEAD`);
. otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/<name>` if exists;
. otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/<name>` if exists;
. otherwise, `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD` if exists.
++
+HEAD names the commit your changes in the working tree is based on.
+FETCH_HEAD records the branch you fetched from a remote repository
+with your last 'git-fetch' invocation.
+ORIG_HEAD is created by commands that moves your HEAD in a drastic
+way, to record the position of the HEAD before their operation, so that
+you can change the tip of the branch back to the state before you ran
+them easily.
+MERGE_HEAD records the commit(s) you are merging into your branch
+when you run 'git-merge'.
* A ref followed by the suffix '@' with a date specification
enclosed in a brace
second ago\}' or '\{1979-02-26 18:30:00\}') to specify the value
of the ref at a prior point in time. This suffix may only be
used immediately following a ref name and the ref must have an
- existing log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>).
+ existing log ($GIT_DIR/logs/<ref>). Note that this looks up the state
+ of your *local* ref at a given time; e.g., what was in your local
+ `master` branch last week. If you want to look at commits made during
+ certain times, see `--since` and `--until`.
* A ref followed by the suffix '@' with an ordinal specification
enclosed in a brace pair (e.g. '\{1\}', '\{15\}') to specify
reflog of the current branch. For example, if you are on the
branch 'blabla', then '@\{1\}' means the same as 'blabla@\{1\}'.
+* The special construct '@\{-<n>\}' means the <n>th branch checked out
+ before the current one.
+
* A suffix '{caret}' to a revision parameter means the first parent of
that commit object. '{caret}<n>' means the <n>th parent (i.e.
'rev{caret}'
* A colon, optionally followed by a stage number (0 to 3) and a
colon, followed by a path; this names a blob object in the
index at the given path. Missing stage number (and the colon
- that follows it) names an stage 0 entry. During a merge, stage
+ that follows it) names a stage 0 entry. During a merge, stage
1 is the common ancestor, stage 2 is the target branch's version
(typically the current branch), and stage 3 is the version from
the branch being merged.
-Here is an illustration, by Jon Loeliger. Both node B and C are
-a commit parents of commit node A. Parent commits are ordered
+Here is an illustration, by Jon Loeliger. Both commit nodes B
+and C are parents of commit node A. Parent commits are ordered
left-to-right.
- G H I J
- \ / \ /
- D E F
- \ | / \
- \ | / |
- \|/ |
- B C
- \ /
- \ /
- A
+........................................
+G H I J
+ \ / \ /
+ D E F
+ \ | / \
+ \ | / |
+ \|/ |
+ B C
+ \ /
+ \ /
+ A
+........................................
A = = A^0
B = A^ = A^1 = A~1
SPECIFYING RANGES
-----------------
-History traversing commands such as `git-log` operate on a set
+History traversing commands such as 'git-log' operate on a set
of commits, not just a single commit. To these commands,
specifying a single revision with the notation described in the
previous section means the set of commits reachable from that
commit, following the commit ancestry chain.
To exclude commits reachable from a commit, a prefix `{caret}`
-notation is used. E.g. "`{caret}r1 r2`" means commits reachable
+notation is used. E.g. `{caret}r1 r2` means commits reachable
from `r2` but exclude the ones reachable from `r1`.
This set operation appears so often that there is a shorthand
-for it. "`r1..r2`" is equivalent to "`{caret}r1 r2`". It is
-the difference of two sets (subtract the set of commits
-reachable from `r1` from the set of commits reachable from
-`r2`).
+for it. When you have two commits `r1` and `r2` (named according
+to the syntax explained in SPECIFYING REVISIONS above), you can ask
+for commits that are reachable from r2 excluding those that are reachable
+from r1 by `{caret}r1 r2` and it can be written as `r1..r2`.
-A similar notation "`r1\...r2`" is called symmetric difference
+A similar notation `r1\...r2` is called symmetric difference
of `r1` and `r2` and is defined as
-"`r1 r2 --not $(git-merge-base --all r1 r2)`".
+`r1 r2 --not $(git merge-base --all r1 r2)`.
It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of
`r1` or `r2` but not from both.
Two other shorthands for naming a set that is formed by a commit
-and its parent commits exists. `r1{caret}@` notation means all
+and its parent commits exist. The `r1{caret}@` notation means all
parents of `r1`. `r1{caret}!` includes commit `r1` but excludes
-its all parents.
+all of its parents.
-Here are a handful examples:
+Here are a handful of examples:
D G H D
D F G H I J D F
C^@ I J F
F^! D G H D F
+PARSEOPT
+--------
+
+In `--parseopt` mode, 'git-rev-parse' helps massaging options to bring to shell
+scripts the same facilities C builtins have. It works as an option normalizer
+(e.g. splits single switches aggregate values), a bit like `getopt(1)` does.
+
+It takes on the standard input the specification of the options to parse and
+understand, and echoes on the standard output a line suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`
+to replace the arguments with normalized ones. In case of error, it outputs
+usage on the standard error stream, and exits with code 129.
+
+Input Format
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+'git-rev-parse --parseopt' input format is fully text based. It has two parts,
+separated by a line that contains only `--`. The lines before the separator
+(should be more than one) are used for the usage.
+The lines after the separator describe the options.
+
+Each line of options has this format:
+
+------------
+<opt_spec><flags>* SP+ help LF
+------------
+
+`<opt_spec>`::
+ its format is the short option character, then the long option name
+ separated by a comma. Both parts are not required, though at least one
+ is necessary. `h,help`, `dry-run` and `f` are all three correct
+ `<opt_spec>`.
+
+`<flags>`::
+ `<flags>` are of `*`, `=`, `?` or `!`.
+ * Use `=` if the option takes an argument.
+
+ * Use `?` to mean that the option is optional (though its use is discouraged).
+
+ * Use `*` to mean that this option should not be listed in the usage
+ generated for the `-h` argument. It's shown for `--help-all` as
+ documented in linkgit:gitcli[7].
+
+ * Use `!` to not make the corresponding negated long option available.
+
+The remainder of the line, after stripping the spaces, is used
+as the help associated to the option.
+
+Blank lines are ignored, and lines that don't match this specification are used
+as option group headers (start the line with a space to create such
+lines on purpose).
+
+Example
+~~~~~~~
+
+------------
+OPTS_SPEC="\
+some-command [options] <args>...
+
+some-command does foo and bar!
+--
+h,help show the help
+
+foo some nifty option --foo
+bar= some cool option --bar with an argument
+
+ An option group Header
+C? option C with an optional argument"
+
+eval `echo "$OPTS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?`
+------------
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+* Print the object name of the current commit:
++
+------------
+$ git rev-parse --verify HEAD
+------------
+
+* Print the commit object name from the revision in the $REV shell variable:
++
+------------
+$ git rev-parse --verify $REV
+------------
++
+This will error out if $REV is empty or not a valid revision.
+
+* Same as above:
++
+------------
+$ git rev-parse --default master --verify $REV
+------------
++
+but if $REV is empty, the commit object name from master will be printed.
+
+
Author
------
-Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and
-Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
+Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> .
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@debian.org>
Documentation
--------------
GIT
---
-Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite