DESCRIPTION
-----------
-This tutorial explains how to use the "core" git programs to set up and
+This tutorial explains how to use the "core" git commands to set up and
work with a git repository.
If you just need to use git as a revision control system you may prefer
regular file), and you can see the contents with
----------------
-$ git cat-file "blob" 557db03
+$ git cat-file blob 557db03
----------------
which will print out "Hello World". The object `557db03` is nothing
----------------
which will sign the current `HEAD` (but you can also give it another
-argument that specifies the thing to tag, i.e., you could have tagged the
+argument that specifies the thing to tag, e.g., you could have tagged the
current `mybranch` point by using `git tag <tagname> mybranch`).
You normally only do signed tags for major releases or things
----------------
Auto-merging hello
CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in hello
- Automatic merge failed; fix up by hand
+ Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.
----------------
It tells you that it did an "Automatic merge", which
----------------
Updating from ae3a2da... to a80b4aa....
-Fast forward
+Fast-forward (no commit created; -m option ignored)
example | 1 +
hello | 1 +
2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
already been merged into the `master` branch, the merge operation did
not actually do a merge. Instead, it just updated the top of
the tree of your branch to that of the `master` branch. This is
-often called 'fast forward' merge.
+often called 'fast-forward' merge.
You can run `gitk \--all` again to see how the commit ancestry
looks like, or run 'show-branch', which tells you this.
* [master] Some fun.
! [mybranch] Some work.
--
- + [mybranch] Some work.
* [master] Some fun.
-*+ [mybranch^] New day.
+ + [mybranch] Some work.
+*+ [master^] Initial commit
------------
Now we are ready to experiment with the merge by hand.
The command writes the commit object name of the common ancestor
to the standard output, so we captured its output to a variable,
because we will be using it in the next step. By the way, the common
-ancestor commit is the "New day." commit in this case. You can
+ancestor commit is the "Initial commit" commit in this case. You can
tell it by:
------------
-$ git name-rev $mb
+$ git name-rev --name-only --tags $mb
my-first-tag
------------
------------
$ git ls-files --stage
100644 7f8b141b65fdcee47321e399a2598a235a032422 0 example
-100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1 hello
-100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2 hello
+100644 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 1 hello
+100644 ba42a2a96e3027f3333e13ede4ccf4498c3ae942 2 hello
100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3 hello
------------
In our example of only two files, we did not have unchanged
-files so only 'example' resulted in collapsing, but in real-life
-large projects, only small number of files change in one commit,
-and this 'collapsing' tends to trivially merge most of the paths
-fairly quickly, leaving only a handful the real changes in non-zero
+files so only 'example' resulted in collapsing. But in real-life
+large projects, when only a small number of files change in one commit,
+this 'collapsing' tends to trivially merge most of the paths
+fairly quickly, leaving only a handful of real changes in non-zero
stages.
To look at only non-zero stages, use `\--unmerged` flag:
------------
$ git ls-files --unmerged
-100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1 hello
-100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2 hello
+100644 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 1 hello
+100644 ba42a2a96e3027f3333e13ede4ccf4498c3ae942 2 hello
100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3 hello
------------
------------
$ git merge-index git-merge-one-file hello
-Auto-merging hello.
-merge: warning: conflicts during merge
-ERROR: Merge conflict in hello.
+Auto-merging hello
+ERROR: Merge conflict in hello
fatal: merge program failed
------------
------------
$ git ls-files --stage
100644 7f8b141b65fdcee47321e399a2598a235a032422 0 example
-100644 263414f423d0e4d70dae8fe53fa34614ff3e2860 1 hello
-100644 06fa6a24256dc7e560efa5687fa84b51f0263c3a 2 hello
+100644 557db03de997c86a4a028e1ebd3a1ceb225be238 1 hello
+100644 ba42a2a96e3027f3333e13ede4ccf4498c3ae942 2 hello
100644 cc44c73eb783565da5831b4d820c962954019b69 3 hello
------------
done only once.
[NOTE]
-'git-push' uses a pair of programs,
+'git-push' uses a pair of commands,
'git-send-pack' on your local machine, and 'git-receive-pack'
on the remote machine. The communication between the two over
the network internally uses an SSH connection.
never.
If you run `git repack` again at this point, it will say
-"Nothing to pack". Once you continue your development and
+"Nothing new to pack.". Once you continue your development and
accumulate the changes, running `git repack` again will create a
new pack, that contains objects created since you packed your
repository the last time. We recommend that you pack your project
linkgit:gittutorial[7],
linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
+linkgit:git-help[1],
link:everyday.html[Everyday git],
link:user-manual.html[The Git User's Manual]