Merge branch 'sz/maint-submodule-reference-arg'
[gitweb.git] / builtin / commit.c
index 55676fd874466c70445e81c69cf397cd01380aaf..1dd2ec5e6f878c02e2858d72f08d8b88d67bcd85 100644 (file)
 #include "rerere.h"
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
 #include "quote.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "column.h"
+#include "sequencer.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_commit_usage[] = {
-       "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>...",
+       N_("git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."),
        NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_status_usage[] = {
-       "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>...",
+       N_("git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."),
        NULL
 };
 
 static const char implicit_ident_advice[] =
-"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+N_("Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
 "on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
 "You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
 "\n"
-"    git config --global user.name Your Name\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
 "    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
 "\n"
-"If the identity used for this commit is wrong, you can fix it with:\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
 "\n"
-"    git commit --amend --author='Your Name <you@example.com>'\n";
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n");
 
-static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+static const char empty_amend_advice[] =
+N_("You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n");
 
-static char *use_message_buffer;
+static const char empty_cherry_pick_advice[] =
+N_("The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n");
+
+static const char *use_message_buffer;
 static const char commit_editmsg[] = "COMMIT_EDITMSG";
 static struct lock_file index_lock; /* real index */
 static struct lock_file false_lock; /* used only for partial commits */
 static enum {
        COMMIT_AS_IS = 1,
        COMMIT_NORMAL,
-       COMMIT_PARTIAL,
+       COMMIT_PARTIAL
 } commit_style;
 
 static const char *logfile, *force_author;
 static const char *template_file;
+/*
+ * The _message variables are commit names from which to take
+ * the commit message and/or authorship.
+ */
+static const char *author_message, *author_message_buffer;
 static char *edit_message, *use_message;
-static char *author_name, *author_email, *author_date;
-static int all, edit_flag, also, interactive, only, amend, signoff;
+static char *fixup_message, *squash_message;
+static int all, also, interactive, patch_interactive, only, amend, signoff;
+static int edit_flag = -1; /* unspecified */
 static int quiet, verbose, no_verify, allow_empty, dry_run, renew_authorship;
-static char *untracked_files_arg, *force_date;
+static int no_post_rewrite, allow_empty_message;
+static char *untracked_files_arg, *force_date, *ignore_submodule_arg;
+static char *sign_commit;
+
 /*
  * The default commit message cleanup mode will remove the lines
  * beginning with # (shell comments) and leading and trailing
@@ -77,20 +101,22 @@ static char *untracked_files_arg, *force_date;
 static enum {
        CLEANUP_SPACE,
        CLEANUP_NONE,
-       CLEANUP_ALL,
+       CLEANUP_ALL
 } cleanup_mode;
 static char *cleanup_arg;
 
-static int use_editor = 1, initial_commit, in_merge, include_status = 1;
+static enum commit_whence whence;
+static int use_editor = 1, include_status = 1;
+static int show_ignored_in_status;
 static const char *only_include_assumed;
-static struct strbuf message;
+static struct strbuf message = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-static int null_termination;
 static enum {
+       STATUS_FORMAT_NONE = 0,
        STATUS_FORMAT_LONG,
        STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT,
-       STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN,
-} status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_LONG;
+       STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN
+} status_format;
 
 static int opt_parse_m(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
@@ -104,45 +130,17 @@ static int opt_parse_m(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
        return 0;
 }
 
-static struct option builtin_commit_options[] = {
-       OPT__QUIET(&quiet),
-       OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
-
-       OPT_GROUP("Commit message options"),
-       OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &logfile, "read log from file"),
-       OPT_STRING(0, "author", &force_author, "AUTHOR", "override author for commit"),
-       OPT_STRING(0, "date", &force_date, "DATE", "override date for commit"),
-       OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &message, "MESSAGE", "specify commit message", opt_parse_m),
-       OPT_STRING('c', "reedit-message", &edit_message, "COMMIT", "reuse and edit message from specified commit"),
-       OPT_STRING('C', "reuse-message", &use_message, "COMMIT", "reuse message from specified commit"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reset-author", &renew_authorship, "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C-c/--amend)"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
-       OPT_FILENAME('t', "template", &template_file, "use specified template file"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit_flag, "force edit of commit"),
-       OPT_STRING(0, "cleanup", &cleanup_arg, "default", "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "status", &include_status, "include status in commit message template"),
-       /* end commit message options */
-
-       OPT_GROUP("Commit contents options"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all, "commit all changed files"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "include", &also, "add specified files to index for commit"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "interactive", &interactive, "interactively add files"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN('o', "only", &only, "commit only specified files"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-verify", &no_verify, "bypass pre-commit hook"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "dry-run", &dry_run, "show what would be committed"),
-       OPT_SET_INT(0, "short", &status_format, "show status concisely",
-                   STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
-       OPT_SET_INT(0, "porcelain", &status_format,
-                   "show porcelain output format", STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &null_termination,
-                   "terminate entries with NUL"),
-       OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "amend", &amend, "amend previous commit"),
-       { OPTION_STRING, 'u', "untracked-files", &untracked_files_arg, "mode", "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
-       OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "allow-empty", &allow_empty, "ok to record an empty change"),
-       /* end commit contents options */
-
-       OPT_END()
-};
+static void determine_whence(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+       if (file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD")))
+               whence = FROM_MERGE;
+       else if (file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD")))
+               whence = FROM_CHERRY_PICK;
+       else
+               whence = FROM_COMMIT;
+       if (s)
+               s->whence = whence;
+}
 
 static void rollback_index_files(void)
 {
@@ -188,12 +186,18 @@ static int list_paths(struct string_list *list, const char *with_tree,
        int i;
        char *m;
 
+       if (!pattern)
+               return 0;
+
        for (i = 0; pattern[i]; i++)
                ;
        m = xcalloc(1, i);
 
-       if (with_tree)
-               overlay_tree_on_cache(with_tree, prefix);
+       if (with_tree) {
+               char *max_prefix = common_prefix(pattern);
+               overlay_tree_on_cache(with_tree, max_prefix ? max_prefix : prefix);
+               free(max_prefix);
+       }
 
        for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
                struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
@@ -203,12 +207,12 @@ static int list_paths(struct string_list *list, const char *with_tree,
                        continue;
                if (!match_pathspec(pattern, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, m))
                        continue;
-               item = string_list_insert(ce->name, list);
+               item = string_list_insert(list, ce->name);
                if (ce_skip_worktree(ce))
                        item->util = item; /* better a valid pointer than a fake one */
        }
 
-       return report_path_error(m, pattern, prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0);
+       return report_path_error(m, pattern, prefix);
 }
 
 static void add_remove_files(struct string_list *list)
@@ -224,19 +228,19 @@ static void add_remove_files(struct string_list *list)
 
                if (!lstat(p->string, &st)) {
                        if (add_to_cache(p->string, &st, 0))
-                               die("updating files failed");
+                               die(_("updating files failed"));
                } else
                        remove_file_from_cache(p->string);
        }
 }
 
-static void create_base_index(void)
+static void create_base_index(const struct commit *current_head)
 {
        struct tree *tree;
        struct unpack_trees_options opts;
        struct tree_desc t;
 
-       if (initial_commit) {
+       if (!current_head) {
                discard_cache();
                return;
        }
@@ -249,9 +253,9 @@ static void create_base_index(void)
        opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 
        opts.fn = oneway_merge;
-       tree = parse_tree_indirect(head_sha1);
+       tree = parse_tree_indirect(current_head->object.sha1);
        if (!tree)
-               die("failed to unpack HEAD tree object");
+               die(_("failed to unpack HEAD tree object"));
        parse_tree(tree);
        init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
        if (unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts))
@@ -268,29 +272,50 @@ static void refresh_cache_or_die(int refresh_flags)
                die_resolve_conflict("commit");
 }
 
-static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int is_status)
+static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
+                          const struct commit *current_head, int is_status)
 {
        int fd;
        struct string_list partial;
        const char **pathspec = NULL;
+       char *old_index_env = NULL;
        int refresh_flags = REFRESH_QUIET;
 
        if (is_status)
                refresh_flags |= REFRESH_UNMERGED;
-       if (interactive) {
-               if (interactive_add(argc, argv, prefix) != 0)
-                       die("interactive add failed");
-               if (read_cache_preload(NULL) < 0)
-                       die("index file corrupt");
-               commit_style = COMMIT_AS_IS;
-               return get_index_file();
-       }
 
        if (*argv)
                pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
        if (read_cache_preload(pathspec) < 0)
-               die("index file corrupt");
+               die(_("index file corrupt"));
+
+       if (interactive) {
+               fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+
+               refresh_cache_or_die(refresh_flags);
+
+               if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+                   close_lock_file(&index_lock))
+                       die(_("unable to create temporary index"));
+
+               old_index_env = getenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT);
+               setenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT, index_lock.filename, 1);
+
+               if (interactive_add(argc, argv, prefix, patch_interactive) != 0)
+                       die(_("interactive add failed"));
+
+               if (old_index_env && *old_index_env)
+                       setenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT, old_index_env, 1);
+               else
+                       unsetenv(INDEX_ENVIRONMENT);
+
+               discard_cache();
+               read_cache_from(index_lock.filename);
+
+               commit_style = COMMIT_NORMAL;
+               return index_lock.filename;
+       }
 
        /*
         * Non partial, non as-is commit.
@@ -305,12 +330,13 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
         * (B) on failure, rollback the real index.
         */
        if (all || (also && pathspec && *pathspec)) {
-               int fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+               fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
                add_files_to_cache(also ? prefix : NULL, pathspec, 0);
                refresh_cache_or_die(refresh_flags);
+               update_main_cache_tree(WRITE_TREE_SILENT);
                if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
                    close_lock_file(&index_lock))
-                       die("unable to write new_index file");
+                       die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
                commit_style = COMMIT_NORMAL;
                return index_lock.filename;
        }
@@ -320,16 +346,21 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
         *
         * (1) return the name of the real index file.
         *
-        * The caller should run hooks on the real index, and run
-        * hooks on the real index, and create commit from the_index.
+        * The caller should run hooks on the real index,
+        * and create commit from the_index.
         * We still need to refresh the index here.
         */
-       if (!pathspec || !*pathspec) {
+       if (!only && (!pathspec || !*pathspec)) {
                fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
                refresh_cache_or_die(refresh_flags);
-               if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-                   commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
-                       die("unable to write new_index file");
+               if (active_cache_changed) {
+                       update_main_cache_tree(WRITE_TREE_SILENT);
+                       if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+                           commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
+                               die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
+               } else {
+                       rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+               }
                commit_style = COMMIT_AS_IS;
                return get_index_file();
        }
@@ -355,37 +386,41 @@ static char *prepare_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int
         */
        commit_style = COMMIT_PARTIAL;
 
-       if (in_merge)
-               die("cannot do a partial commit during a merge.");
+       if (whence != FROM_COMMIT) {
+               if (whence == FROM_MERGE)
+                       die(_("cannot do a partial commit during a merge."));
+               else if (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK)
+                       die(_("cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."));
+       }
 
        memset(&partial, 0, sizeof(partial));
        partial.strdup_strings = 1;
-       if (list_paths(&partial, initial_commit ? NULL : "HEAD", prefix, pathspec))
+       if (list_paths(&partial, !current_head ? NULL : "HEAD", prefix, pathspec))
                exit(1);
 
        discard_cache();
        if (read_cache() < 0)
-               die("cannot read the index");
+               die(_("cannot read the index"));
 
        fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
        add_remove_files(&partial);
        refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
        if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
            close_lock_file(&index_lock))
-               die("unable to write new_index file");
+               die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
 
        fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&false_lock,
                                       git_path("next-index-%"PRIuMAX,
                                                (uintmax_t) getpid()),
                                       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 
-       create_base_index();
+       create_base_index(current_head);
        add_remove_files(&partial);
        refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 
        if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
            close_lock_file(&false_lock))
-               die("unable to write temporary index file");
+               die(_("unable to write temporary index file"));
 
        discard_cache();
        read_cache_from(false_lock.filename);
@@ -415,11 +450,12 @@ static int run_status(FILE *fp, const char *index_file, const char *prefix, int
 
        switch (status_format) {
        case STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT:
-               wt_shortstatus_print(s, null_termination);
+               wt_shortstatus_print(s);
                break;
        case STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN:
-               wt_porcelain_print(s, null_termination);
+               wt_porcelain_print(s);
                break;
+       case STATUS_FORMAT_NONE:
        case STATUS_FORMAT_LONG:
                wt_status_print(s);
                break;
@@ -428,40 +464,72 @@ static int run_status(FILE *fp, const char *index_file, const char *prefix, int
        return s->commitable;
 }
 
-static int is_a_merge(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int is_a_merge(const struct commit *current_head)
 {
-       struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
-       if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-               die("could not parse HEAD commit");
-       return !!(commit->parents && commit->parents->next);
+       return !!(current_head->parents && current_head->parents->next);
+}
+
+static void export_one(const char *var, const char *s, const char *e, int hack)
+{
+       struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+       if (hack)
+               strbuf_addch(&buf, hack);
+       strbuf_addf(&buf, "%.*s", (int)(e - s), s);
+       setenv(var, buf.buf, 1);
+       strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-static const char sign_off_header[] = "Signed-off-by: ";
+static int sane_ident_split(struct ident_split *person)
+{
+       if (!person->name_begin || !person->name_end ||
+           person->name_begin == person->name_end)
+               return 0; /* no human readable name */
+       if (!person->mail_begin || !person->mail_end ||
+           person->mail_begin == person->mail_end)
+               return 0; /* no usable mail */
+       if (!person->date_begin || !person->date_end ||
+           !person->tz_begin || !person->tz_end)
+               return 0;
+       return 1;
+}
 
-static void determine_author_info(void)
+static void determine_author_info(struct strbuf *author_ident)
 {
        char *name, *email, *date;
+       struct ident_split author;
 
        name = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME");
        email = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL");
        date = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE");
 
-       if (use_message && !renew_authorship) {
+       if (author_message) {
                const char *a, *lb, *rb, *eol;
+               size_t len;
 
-               a = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\nauthor ");
+               a = strstr(author_message_buffer, "\nauthor ");
                if (!a)
-                       die("invalid commit: %s", use_message);
+                       die(_("invalid commit: %s"), author_message);
 
-               lb = strstr(a + 8, " <");
-               rb = strstr(a + 8, "> ");
-               eol = strchr(a + 8, '\n');
-               if (!lb || !rb || !eol)
-                       die("invalid commit: %s", use_message);
+               lb = strchrnul(a + strlen("\nauthor "), '<');
+               rb = strchrnul(lb, '>');
+               eol = strchrnul(rb, '\n');
+               if (!*lb || !*rb || !*eol)
+                       die(_("invalid commit: %s"), author_message);
 
-               name = xstrndup(a + 8, lb - (a + 8));
-               email = xstrndup(lb + 2, rb - (lb + 2));
-               date = xstrndup(rb + 2, eol - (rb + 2));
+               if (lb == a + strlen("\nauthor "))
+                       /* \nauthor <foo@example.com> */
+                       name = xcalloc(1, 1);
+               else
+                       name = xmemdupz(a + strlen("\nauthor "),
+                                       (lb - strlen(" ") -
+                                        (a + strlen("\nauthor "))));
+               email = xmemdupz(lb + strlen("<"), rb - (lb + strlen("<")));
+               date = xmemdupz(rb + strlen("> "), eol - (rb + strlen("> ")));
+               len = eol - (rb + strlen("> "));
+               date = xmalloc(len + 2);
+               *date = '@';
+               memcpy(date + 1, rb + strlen("> "), len);
+               date[len + 1] = '\0';
        }
 
        if (force_author) {
@@ -469,213 +537,247 @@ static void determine_author_info(void)
                const char *rb = strchr(force_author, '>');
 
                if (!lb || !rb)
-                       die("malformed --author parameter");
+                       die(_("malformed --author parameter"));
                name = xstrndup(force_author, lb - force_author);
                email = xstrndup(lb + 2, rb - (lb + 2));
        }
 
        if (force_date)
                date = force_date;
-
-       author_name = name;
-       author_email = email;
-       author_date = date;
+       strbuf_addstr(author_ident, fmt_ident(name, email, date, IDENT_STRICT));
+       if (!split_ident_line(&author, author_ident->buf, author_ident->len) &&
+           sane_ident_split(&author)) {
+               export_one("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME", author.name_begin, author.name_end, 0);
+               export_one("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL", author.mail_begin, author.mail_end, 0);
+               export_one("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE", author.date_begin, author.tz_end, '@');
+       }
 }
 
-static int ends_rfc2822_footer(struct strbuf *sb)
+static char *cut_ident_timestamp_part(char *string)
 {
-       int ch;
-       int hit = 0;
-       int i, j, k;
-       int len = sb->len;
-       int first = 1;
-       const char *buf = sb->buf;
-
-       for (i = len - 1; i > 0; i--) {
-               if (hit && buf[i] == '\n')
-                       break;
-               hit = (buf[i] == '\n');
-       }
-
-       while (i < len - 1 && buf[i] == '\n')
-               i++;
-
-       for (; i < len; i = k) {
-               for (k = i; k < len && buf[k] != '\n'; k++)
-                       ; /* do nothing */
-               k++;
-
-               if ((buf[k] == ' ' || buf[k] == '\t') && !first)
-                       continue;
-
-               first = 0;
-
-               for (j = 0; i + j < len; j++) {
-                       ch = buf[i + j];
-                       if (ch == ':')
-                               break;
-                       if (isalnum(ch) ||
-                           (ch == '-'))
-                               continue;
-                       return 0;
-               }
-       }
-       return 1;
+       char *ket = strrchr(string, '>');
+       if (!ket || ket[1] != ' ')
+               die(_("Malformed ident string: '%s'"), string);
+       *++ket = '\0';
+       return ket;
 }
 
 static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
-                            struct wt_status *s)
+                            struct commit *current_head,
+                            struct wt_status *s,
+                            struct strbuf *author_ident)
 {
        struct stat statbuf;
+       struct strbuf committer_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
        int commitable, saved_color_setting;
        struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
        char *buffer;
-       FILE *fp;
        const char *hook_arg1 = NULL;
        const char *hook_arg2 = NULL;
        int ident_shown = 0;
+       int clean_message_contents = (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE);
+
+       /* This checks and barfs if author is badly specified */
+       determine_author_info(author_ident);
 
        if (!no_verify && run_hook(index_file, "pre-commit", NULL))
                return 0;
 
+       if (squash_message) {
+               /*
+                * Insert the proper subject line before other commit
+                * message options add their content.
+                */
+               if (use_message && !strcmp(use_message, squash_message))
+                       strbuf_addstr(&sb, "squash! ");
+               else {
+                       struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+                       struct commit *c;
+                       c = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(squash_message);
+                       if (!c)
+                               die(_("could not lookup commit %s"), squash_message);
+                       ctx.output_encoding = get_commit_output_encoding();
+                       format_commit_message(c, "squash! %s\n\n", &sb,
+                                             &ctx);
+               }
+       }
+
        if (message.len) {
                strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &message);
                hook_arg1 = "message";
        } else if (logfile && !strcmp(logfile, "-")) {
                if (isatty(0))
-                       fprintf(stderr, "(reading log message from standard input)\n");
+                       fprintf(stderr, _("(reading log message from standard input)\n"));
                if (strbuf_read(&sb, 0, 0) < 0)
-                       die_errno("could not read log from standard input");
+                       die_errno(_("could not read log from standard input"));
                hook_arg1 = "message";
        } else if (logfile) {
                if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, logfile, 0) < 0)
-                       die_errno("could not read log file '%s'",
+                       die_errno(_("could not read log file '%s'"),
                                  logfile);
                hook_arg1 = "message";
        } else if (use_message) {
                buffer = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\n\n");
-               if (!buffer || buffer[2] == '\0')
-                       die("commit has empty message");
+               if (!use_editor && (!buffer || buffer[2] == '\0'))
+                       die(_("commit has empty message"));
                strbuf_add(&sb, buffer + 2, strlen(buffer + 2));
                hook_arg1 = "commit";
                hook_arg2 = use_message;
+       } else if (fixup_message) {
+               struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+               struct commit *commit;
+               commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(fixup_message);
+               if (!commit)
+                       die(_("could not lookup commit %s"), fixup_message);
+               ctx.output_encoding = get_commit_output_encoding();
+               format_commit_message(commit, "fixup! %s\n\n",
+                                     &sb, &ctx);
+               hook_arg1 = "message";
        } else if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
                if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MSG"), 0) < 0)
-                       die_errno("could not read MERGE_MSG");
+                       die_errno(_("could not read MERGE_MSG"));
                hook_arg1 = "merge";
        } else if (!stat(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), &statbuf)) {
                if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), 0) < 0)
-                       die_errno("could not read SQUASH_MSG");
+                       die_errno(_("could not read SQUASH_MSG"));
                hook_arg1 = "squash";
-       } else if (template_file && !stat(template_file, &statbuf)) {
+       } else if (template_file) {
                if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, template_file, 0) < 0)
-                       die_errno("could not read '%s'", template_file);
+                       die_errno(_("could not read '%s'"), template_file);
                hook_arg1 = "template";
+               clean_message_contents = 0;
        }
 
        /*
-        * This final case does not modify the template message,
-        * it just sets the argument to the prepare-commit-msg hook.
+        * The remaining cases don't modify the template message, but
+        * just set the argument(s) to the prepare-commit-msg hook.
         */
-       else if (in_merge)
+       else if (whence == FROM_MERGE)
                hook_arg1 = "merge";
+       else if (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK) {
+               hook_arg1 = "commit";
+               hook_arg2 = "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD";
+       }
+
+       if (squash_message) {
+               /*
+                * If squash_commit was used for the commit subject,
+                * then we're possibly hijacking other commit log options.
+                * Reset the hook args to tell the real story.
+                */
+               hook_arg1 = "message";
+               hook_arg2 = "";
+       }
 
-       fp = fopen(git_path(commit_editmsg), "w");
-       if (fp == NULL)
-               die_errno("could not open '%s'", git_path(commit_editmsg));
+       s->fp = fopen(git_path(commit_editmsg), "w");
+       if (s->fp == NULL)
+               die_errno(_("could not open '%s'"), git_path(commit_editmsg));
 
-       if (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
+       if (clean_message_contents)
                stripspace(&sb, 0);
 
        if (signoff) {
-               struct strbuf sob = STRBUF_INIT;
-               int i;
-
-               strbuf_addstr(&sob, sign_off_header);
-               strbuf_addstr(&sob, fmt_name(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
-                                            getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL")));
-               strbuf_addch(&sob, '\n');
-               for (i = sb.len - 1; i > 0 && sb.buf[i - 1] != '\n'; i--)
-                       ; /* do nothing */
-               if (prefixcmp(sb.buf + i, sob.buf)) {
-                       if (!i || !ends_rfc2822_footer(&sb))
-                               strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
-                       strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &sob);
+               /*
+                * See if we have a Conflicts: block at the end. If yes, count
+                * its size, so we can ignore it.
+                */
+               int ignore_footer = 0;
+               int i, eol, previous = 0;
+               const char *nl;
+
+               for (i = 0; i < sb.len; i++) {
+                       nl = memchr(sb.buf + i, '\n', sb.len - i);
+                       if (nl)
+                               eol = nl - sb.buf;
+                       else
+                               eol = sb.len;
+                       if (!prefixcmp(sb.buf + previous, "\nConflicts:\n")) {
+                               ignore_footer = sb.len - previous;
+                               break;
+                       }
+                       while (i < eol)
+                               i++;
+                       previous = eol;
                }
-               strbuf_release(&sob);
+
+               append_signoff(&sb, ignore_footer);
        }
 
-       if (fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, fp) < sb.len)
-               die_errno("could not write commit template");
+       if (fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, s->fp) < sb.len)
+               die_errno(_("could not write commit template"));
 
        strbuf_release(&sb);
 
-       determine_author_info();
-
        /* This checks if committer ident is explicitly given */
-       git_committer_info(0);
+       strbuf_addstr(&committer_ident, git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT));
        if (use_editor && include_status) {
-               char *author_ident;
-               const char *committer_ident;
-
-               if (in_merge)
-                       fprintf(fp,
-                               "#\n"
-                               "# It looks like you may be committing a MERGE.\n"
-                               "# If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
-                               "#      %s\n"
-                               "# and try again.\n"
-                               "#\n",
-                               git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
-
-               fprintf(fp,
-                       "\n"
-                       "# Please enter the commit message for your changes.");
+               char *ai_tmp, *ci_tmp;
+               if (whence != FROM_COMMIT)
+                       status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+                           whence == FROM_MERGE
+                               ? _("\n"
+                                       "It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+                                       "If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+                                       "       %s\n"
+                                       "and try again.\n")
+                               : _("\n"
+                                       "It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+                                       "If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+                                       "       %s\n"
+                                       "and try again.\n"),
+                               git_path(whence == FROM_MERGE
+                                        ? "MERGE_HEAD"
+                                        : "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
+
+               fprintf(s->fp, "\n");
                if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL)
-                       fprintf(fp,
-                               " Lines starting\n"
-                               "with '#' will be ignored, and an empty"
-                               " message aborts the commit.\n");
+                       status_printf(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+                               _("Please enter the commit message for your changes."
+                               " Lines starting\nwith '#' will be ignored, and an empty"
+                               " message aborts the commit.\n"));
                else /* CLEANUP_SPACE, that is. */
-                       fprintf(fp,
+                       status_printf(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+                               _("Please enter the commit message for your changes."
                                " Lines starting\n"
-                               "with '#' will be kept; you may remove them"
+                               "with '#' will be kept; you may remove them"
                                " yourself if you want to.\n"
-                               "# An empty message aborts the commit.\n");
+                               "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"));
                if (only_include_assumed)
-                       fprintf(fp, "# %s\n", only_include_assumed);
-
-               author_ident = xstrdup(fmt_name(author_name, author_email));
-               committer_ident = fmt_name(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
-                                          getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"));
-               if (strcmp(author_ident, committer_ident))
-                       fprintf(fp,
-                               "%s"
-                               "# Author:    %s\n",
-                               ident_shown++ ? "" : "#\n",
-                               author_ident);
-               free(author_ident);
+                       status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+                                       "%s", only_include_assumed);
+
+               ai_tmp = cut_ident_timestamp_part(author_ident->buf);
+               ci_tmp = cut_ident_timestamp_part(committer_ident.buf);
+               if (strcmp(author_ident->buf, committer_ident.buf))
+                       status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+                               _("%s"
+                               "Author:    %s"),
+                               ident_shown++ ? "" : "\n",
+                               author_ident->buf);
 
                if (!user_ident_sufficiently_given())
-                       fprintf(fp,
-                               "%s"
-                               "# Committer: %s\n",
-                               ident_shown++ ? "" : "#\n",
-                               committer_ident);
+                       status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+                               _("%s"
+                               "Committer: %s"),
+                               ident_shown++ ? "" : "\n",
+                               committer_ident.buf);
 
                if (ident_shown)
-                       fprintf(fp, "#\n");
+                       status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, "");
 
                saved_color_setting = s->use_color;
                s->use_color = 0;
-               commitable = run_status(fp, index_file, prefix, 1, s);
+               commitable = run_status(s->fp, index_file, prefix, 1, s);
                s->use_color = saved_color_setting;
+
+               *ai_tmp = ' ';
+               *ci_tmp = ' ';
        } else {
                unsigned char sha1[20];
                const char *parent = "HEAD";
 
                if (!active_nr && read_cache() < 0)
-                       die("Cannot read index");
+                       die(_("Cannot read index"));
 
                if (amend)
                        parent = "HEAD^1";
@@ -685,12 +787,22 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
                else
                        commitable = index_differs_from(parent, 0);
        }
+       strbuf_release(&committer_ident);
 
-       fclose(fp);
+       fclose(s->fp);
 
-       if (!commitable && !in_merge && !allow_empty &&
-           !(amend && is_a_merge(head_sha1))) {
+       /*
+        * Reject an attempt to record a non-merge empty commit without
+        * explicit --allow-empty. In the cherry-pick case, it may be
+        * empty due to conflict resolution, which the user should okay.
+        */
+       if (!commitable && whence != FROM_MERGE && !allow_empty &&
+           !(amend && is_a_merge(current_head))) {
                run_status(stdout, index_file, prefix, 0, s);
+               if (amend)
+                       fputs(_(empty_amend_advice), stderr);
+               else if (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK)
+                       fputs(_(empty_cherry_pick_advice), stderr);
                return 0;
        }
 
@@ -701,11 +813,8 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
         */
        discard_cache();
        read_cache_from(index_file);
-       if (!active_cache_tree)
-               active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
-       if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
-                             active_cache, active_nr, 0, 0) < 0) {
-               error("Error building trees");
+       if (update_main_cache_tree(0)) {
+               error(_("Error building trees"));
                return 0;
        }
 
@@ -715,11 +824,12 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
 
        if (use_editor) {
                char index[PATH_MAX];
-               const char *env[2] = { index, NULL };
+               const char *env[2] = { NULL };
+               env[0] =  index;
                snprintf(index, sizeof(index), "GIT_INDEX_FILE=%s", index_file);
                if (launch_editor(git_path(commit_editmsg), NULL, env)) {
                        fprintf(stderr,
-                       "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n");
+                       _("Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"));
                        exit(1);
                }
        }
@@ -732,27 +842,10 @@ static int prepare_to_commit(const char *index_file, const char *prefix,
        return 1;
 }
 
-/*
- * Find out if the message in the strbuf contains only whitespace and
- * Signed-off-by lines.
- */
-static int message_is_empty(struct strbuf *sb)
+static int rest_is_empty(struct strbuf *sb, int start)
 {
-       struct strbuf tmpl = STRBUF_INIT;
+       int i, eol;
        const char *nl;
-       int eol, i, start = 0;
-
-       if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
-               return 0;
-
-       /* See if the template is just a prefix of the message. */
-       if (template_file && strbuf_read_file(&tmpl, template_file, 0) > 0) {
-               stripspace(&tmpl, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
-               if (start + tmpl.len <= sb->len &&
-                   memcmp(tmpl.buf, sb->buf + start, tmpl.len) == 0)
-                       start += tmpl.len;
-       }
-       strbuf_release(&tmpl);
 
        /* Check if the rest is just whitespace and Signed-of-by's. */
        for (i = start; i < sb->len; i++) {
@@ -775,6 +868,40 @@ static int message_is_empty(struct strbuf *sb)
        return 1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Find out if the message in the strbuf contains only whitespace and
+ * Signed-off-by lines.
+ */
+static int message_is_empty(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+       if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
+               return 0;
+       return rest_is_empty(sb, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * See if the user edited the message in the editor or left what
+ * was in the template intact
+ */
+static int template_untouched(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+       struct strbuf tmpl = STRBUF_INIT;
+       char *start;
+
+       if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
+               return 0;
+
+       if (!template_file || strbuf_read_file(&tmpl, template_file, 0) <= 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       stripspace(&tmpl, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
+       start = (char *)skip_prefix(sb->buf, tmpl.buf);
+       if (!start)
+               start = sb->buf;
+       strbuf_release(&tmpl);
+       return rest_is_empty(sb, start - sb->buf);
+}
+
 static const char *find_author_by_nickname(const char *name)
 {
        struct rev_info revs;
@@ -799,7 +926,7 @@ static const char *find_author_by_nickname(const char *name)
                format_commit_message(commit, "%an <%ae>", &buf, &ctx);
                return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
        }
-       die("No existing author found with '%s'", name);
+       die(_("No existing author found with '%s'"), name);
 }
 
 
@@ -814,103 +941,109 @@ static void handle_untracked_files_arg(struct wt_status *s)
        else if (!strcmp(untracked_files_arg, "all"))
                s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
        else
-               die("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", untracked_files_arg);
+               die(_("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"), untracked_files_arg);
+}
+
+static const char *read_commit_message(const char *name)
+{
+       const char *out_enc, *out;
+       struct commit *commit;
+
+       commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(name);
+       if (!commit)
+               die(_("could not lookup commit %s"), name);
+       out_enc = get_commit_output_encoding();
+       out = logmsg_reencode(commit, out_enc);
+
+       /*
+        * If we failed to reencode the buffer, just copy it
+        * byte for byte so the user can try to fix it up.
+        * This also handles the case where input and output
+        * encodings are identical.
+        */
+       if (out == NULL)
+               out = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
+       return out;
 }
 
 static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
+                                     const struct option *options,
                                      const char * const usage[],
                                      const char *prefix,
+                                     struct commit *current_head,
                                      struct wt_status *s)
 {
        int f = 0;
 
-       argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_commit_options, usage,
-                            0);
+       argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, usage, 0);
 
        if (force_author && !strchr(force_author, '>'))
                force_author = find_author_by_nickname(force_author);
 
        if (force_author && renew_authorship)
-               die("Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense");
+               die(_("Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"));
 
-       if (logfile || message.len || use_message)
+       if (logfile || message.len || use_message || fixup_message)
                use_editor = 0;
-       if (edit_flag)
-               use_editor = 1;
+       if (0 <= edit_flag)
+               use_editor = edit_flag;
        if (!use_editor)
                setenv("GIT_EDITOR", ":", 1);
 
-       if (get_sha1("HEAD", head_sha1))
-               initial_commit = 1;
-
        /* Sanity check options */
-       if (amend && initial_commit)
-               die("You have nothing to amend.");
-       if (amend && in_merge)
-               die("You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend.");
-
+       if (amend && !current_head)
+               die(_("You have nothing to amend."));
+       if (amend && whence != FROM_COMMIT) {
+               if (whence == FROM_MERGE)
+                       die(_("You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."));
+               else if (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK)
+                       die(_("You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."));
+       }
+       if (fixup_message && squash_message)
+               die(_("Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"));
        if (use_message)
                f++;
        if (edit_message)
                f++;
+       if (fixup_message)
+               f++;
        if (logfile)
                f++;
        if (f > 1)
-               die("Only one of -c/-C/-F can be used.");
+               die(_("Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."));
        if (message.len && f > 0)
-               die("Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F.");
+               die((_("Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup.")));
+       if (f || message.len)
+               template_file = NULL;
        if (edit_message)
                use_message = edit_message;
-       if (amend && !use_message)
+       if (amend && !use_message && !fixup_message)
                use_message = "HEAD";
-       if (!use_message && renew_authorship)
-               die("--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend.");
+       if (!use_message && whence != FROM_CHERRY_PICK && renew_authorship)
+               die(_("--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."));
        if (use_message) {
-               unsigned char sha1[20];
-               static char utf8[] = "UTF-8";
-               const char *out_enc;
-               char *enc, *end;
-               struct commit *commit;
-
-               if (get_sha1(use_message, sha1))
-                       die("could not lookup commit %s", use_message);
-               commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-               if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-                       die("could not parse commit %s", use_message);
-
-               enc = strstr(commit->buffer, "\nencoding");
-               if (enc) {
-                       end = strchr(enc + 10, '\n');
-                       enc = xstrndup(enc + 10, end - (enc + 10));
-               } else {
-                       enc = utf8;
+               use_message_buffer = read_commit_message(use_message);
+               if (!renew_authorship) {
+                       author_message = use_message;
+                       author_message_buffer = use_message_buffer;
                }
-               out_enc = git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : utf8;
-
-               if (strcmp(out_enc, enc))
-                       use_message_buffer =
-                               reencode_string(commit->buffer, out_enc, enc);
-
-               /*
-                * If we failed to reencode the buffer, just copy it
-                * byte for byte so the user can try to fix it up.
-                * This also handles the case where input and output
-                * encodings are identical.
-                */
-               if (use_message_buffer == NULL)
-                       use_message_buffer = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
-               if (enc != utf8)
-                       free(enc);
        }
+       if (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK && !renew_authorship) {
+               author_message = "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD";
+               author_message_buffer = read_commit_message(author_message);
+       }
+
+       if (patch_interactive)
+               interactive = 1;
 
        if (!!also + !!only + !!all + !!interactive > 1)
-               die("Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive can be used.");
+               die(_("Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."));
        if (argc == 0 && (also || (only && !amend)))
-               die("No paths with --include/--only does not make sense.");
+               die(_("No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."));
        if (argc == 0 && only && amend)
-               only_include_assumed = "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index.";
+               only_include_assumed = _("Clever... amending the last one with dirty index.");
        if (argc > 0 && !also && !only)
-               only_include_assumed = "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths...";
+               only_include_assumed = _("Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths...");
        if (!cleanup_arg || !strcmp(cleanup_arg, "default"))
                cleanup_mode = use_editor ? CLEANUP_ALL : CLEANUP_SPACE;
        else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "verbatim"))
@@ -920,30 +1053,32 @@ static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
        else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "strip"))
                cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_ALL;
        else
-               die("Invalid cleanup mode %s", cleanup_arg);
+               die(_("Invalid cleanup mode %s"), cleanup_arg);
 
        handle_untracked_files_arg(s);
 
        if (all && argc > 0)
-               die("Paths with -a does not make sense.");
-       else if (interactive && argc > 0)
-               die("Paths with --interactive does not make sense.");
+               die(_("Paths with -a does not make sense."));
 
-       if (null_termination && status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
-               status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
-       if (status_format != STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
+       if (s->null_termination) {
+               if (status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_NONE)
+                       status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
+               else if (status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
+                       die(_("--long and -z are incompatible"));
+       }
+       if (status_format != STATUS_FORMAT_NONE)
                dry_run = 1;
 
        return argc;
 }
 
 static int dry_run_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
-                         struct wt_status *s)
+                         const struct commit *current_head, struct wt_status *s)
 {
        int commitable;
        const char *index_file;
 
-       index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix, 1);
+       index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix, current_head, 1);
        commitable = run_status(stdout, index_file, prefix, 0, s);
        rollback_index_files();
 
@@ -954,6 +1089,8 @@ static int parse_status_slot(const char *var, int offset)
 {
        if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "header"))
                return WT_STATUS_HEADER;
+       if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "branch"))
+               return WT_STATUS_ONBRANCH;
        if (!strcasecmp(var+offset, "updated")
                || !strcasecmp(var+offset, "added"))
                return WT_STATUS_UPDATED;
@@ -972,6 +1109,8 @@ static int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
        struct wt_status *s = cb;
 
+       if (!prefixcmp(k, "column."))
+               return git_column_config(k, v, "status", &s->colopts);
        if (!strcmp(k, "status.submodulesummary")) {
                int is_bool;
                s->submodule_summary = git_config_bool_or_int(k, v, &is_bool);
@@ -980,7 +1119,7 @@ static int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
                return 0;
        }
        if (!strcmp(k, "status.color") || !strcmp(k, "color.status")) {
-               s->use_color = git_config_colorbool(k, v, -1);
+               s->use_color = git_config_colorbool(k, v);
                return 0;
        }
        if (!prefixcmp(k, "status.color.") || !prefixcmp(k, "color.status.")) {
@@ -1006,7 +1145,7 @@ static int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
                else if (!strcmp(v, "all"))
                        s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
                else
-                       return error("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'", v);
+                       return error(_("Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"), v);
                return 0;
        }
        return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, NULL);
@@ -1014,82 +1153,109 @@ static int git_status_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 
 int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-       struct wt_status s;
+       static struct wt_status s;
+       int fd;
        unsigned char sha1[20];
        static struct option builtin_status_options[] = {
-               OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose),
+               OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
                OPT_SET_INT('s', "short", &status_format,
-                           "show status concisely", STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
+                           N_("show status concisely"), STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN('b', "branch", &s.show_branch,
+                           N_("show branch information")),
                OPT_SET_INT(0, "porcelain", &status_format,
-                           "show porcelain output format",
+                           N_("machine-readable output"),
                            STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
-               OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &null_termination,
-                           "terminate entries with NUL"),
+               OPT_SET_INT(0, "long", &status_format,
+                           N_("show status in long format (default)"),
+                           STATUS_FORMAT_LONG),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &s.null_termination,
+                           N_("terminate entries with NUL")),
                { OPTION_STRING, 'u', "untracked-files", &untracked_files_arg,
-                 "mode",
-                 "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)",
+                 N_("mode"),
+                 N_("show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"),
+                 PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
+               OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ignored", &show_ignored_in_status,
+                           N_("show ignored files")),
+               { OPTION_STRING, 0, "ignore-submodules", &ignore_submodule_arg, N_("when"),
+                 N_("ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. (Default: all)"),
                  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
+               OPT_COLUMN(0, "column", &s.colopts, N_("list untracked files in columns")),
                OPT_END(),
        };
 
-       if (null_termination && status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
-               status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
+       if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+               usage_with_options(builtin_status_usage, builtin_status_options);
 
        wt_status_prepare(&s);
+       gitmodules_config();
        git_config(git_status_config, &s);
-       in_merge = file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+       determine_whence(&s);
        argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
                             builtin_status_options,
                             builtin_status_usage, 0);
-       handle_untracked_files_arg(&s);
+       finalize_colopts(&s.colopts, -1);
 
+       if (s.null_termination) {
+               if (status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_NONE)
+                       status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
+               else if (status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
+                       die(_("--long and -z are incompatible"));
+       }
+
+       handle_untracked_files_arg(&s);
+       if (show_ignored_in_status)
+               s.show_ignored_files = 1;
        if (*argv)
                s.pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
-       read_cache();
+       read_cache_preload(s.pathspec);
        refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, s.pathspec, NULL, NULL);
+
+       fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 0);
+       if (0 <= fd)
+               update_index_if_able(&the_index, &index_lock);
+
        s.is_initial = get_sha1(s.reference, sha1) ? 1 : 0;
-       s.in_merge = in_merge;
+       s.ignore_submodule_arg = ignore_submodule_arg;
        wt_status_collect(&s);
 
        if (s.relative_paths)
                s.prefix = prefix;
-       if (s.use_color == -1)
-               s.use_color = git_use_color_default;
-       if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
-               diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
 
        switch (status_format) {
        case STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT:
-               wt_shortstatus_print(&s, null_termination);
+               wt_shortstatus_print(&s);
                break;
        case STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN:
-               wt_porcelain_print(&s, null_termination);
+               wt_porcelain_print(&s);
                break;
+       case STATUS_FORMAT_NONE:
        case STATUS_FORMAT_LONG:
                s.verbose = verbose;
+               s.ignore_submodule_arg = ignore_submodule_arg;
                wt_status_print(&s);
                break;
        }
        return 0;
 }
 
-static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
+static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1,
+                         int initial_commit)
 {
        struct rev_info rev;
        struct commit *commit;
        struct strbuf format = STRBUF_INIT;
        unsigned char junk_sha1[20];
-       const char *head = resolve_ref("HEAD", junk_sha1, 0, NULL);
+       const char *head;
        struct pretty_print_context pctx = {0};
        struct strbuf author_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
        struct strbuf committer_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
 
        commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
        if (!commit)
-               die("couldn't look up newly created commit");
+               die(_("couldn't look up newly created commit"));
        if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-               die("could not parse newly created commit");
+               die(_("could not parse newly created commit"));
 
        strbuf_addstr(&format, "format:%h] %s");
 
@@ -1104,7 +1270,7 @@ static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
                strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &committer_ident);
                if (advice_implicit_identity) {
                        strbuf_addch(&format, '\n');
-                       strbuf_addstr(&format, implicit_ident_advice);
+                       strbuf_addstr(&format, _(implicit_ident_advice));
                }
        }
        strbuf_release(&author_ident);
@@ -1113,7 +1279,6 @@ static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
        init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
        setup_revisions(0, NULL, &rev, NULL);
 
-       rev.abbrev = 0;
        rev.diff = 1;
        rev.diffopt.output_format =
                DIFF_FORMAT_SHORTSTAT | DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY;
@@ -1123,32 +1288,31 @@ static void print_summary(const char *prefix, const unsigned char *sha1)
        get_commit_format(format.buf, &rev);
        rev.always_show_header = 0;
        rev.diffopt.detect_rename = 1;
-       rev.diffopt.rename_limit = 100;
        rev.diffopt.break_opt = 0;
        diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt);
 
+       head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", junk_sha1, 0, NULL);
        printf("[%s%s ",
                !prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/") ?
                        head + 11 :
                        !strcmp(head, "HEAD") ?
-                               "detached HEAD" :
+                               _("detached HEAD") :
                                head,
-               initial_commit ? " (root-commit)" : "");
+               initial_commit ? _(" (root-commit)") : "");
 
        if (!log_tree_commit(&rev, commit)) {
-               struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-               struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-               ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
-               format_commit_message(commit, format.buf + 7, &buf, &ctx);
-               printf("%s\n", buf.buf);
-               strbuf_release(&buf);
+               rev.always_show_header = 1;
+               rev.use_terminator = 1;
+               log_tree_commit(&rev, commit);
        }
+
        strbuf_release(&format);
 }
 
 static int git_commit_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
        struct wt_status *s = cb;
+       int status;
 
        if (!strcmp(k, "commit.template"))
                return git_config_pathname(&template_file, k, v);
@@ -1157,87 +1321,195 @@ static int git_commit_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
                return 0;
        }
 
+       status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
+       if (status)
+               return status;
        return git_status_config(k, v, s);
 }
 
+static const char post_rewrite_hook[] = "hooks/post-rewrite";
+
+static int run_rewrite_hook(const unsigned char *oldsha1,
+                           const unsigned char *newsha1)
+{
+       /* oldsha1 SP newsha1 LF NUL */
+       static char buf[2*40 + 3];
+       struct child_process proc;
+       const char *argv[3];
+       int code;
+       size_t n;
+
+       if (access(git_path(post_rewrite_hook), X_OK) < 0)
+               return 0;
+
+       argv[0] = git_path(post_rewrite_hook);
+       argv[1] = "amend";
+       argv[2] = NULL;
+
+       memset(&proc, 0, sizeof(proc));
+       proc.argv = argv;
+       proc.in = -1;
+       proc.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
+
+       code = start_command(&proc);
+       if (code)
+               return code;
+       n = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s %s\n",
+                    sha1_to_hex(oldsha1), sha1_to_hex(newsha1));
+       write_in_full(proc.in, buf, n);
+       close(proc.in);
+       return finish_command(&proc);
+}
+
 int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+       static struct wt_status s;
+       static struct option builtin_commit_options[] = {
+               OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("suppress summary after successful commit")),
+               OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("show diff in commit message template")),
+
+               OPT_GROUP(N_("Commit message options")),
+               OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &logfile, N_("read message from file")),
+               OPT_STRING(0, "author", &force_author, N_("author"), N_("override author for commit")),
+               OPT_STRING(0, "date", &force_date, N_("date"), N_("override date for commit")),
+               OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &message, N_("message"), N_("commit message"), opt_parse_m),
+               OPT_STRING('c', "reedit-message", &edit_message, N_("commit"), N_("reuse and edit message from specified commit")),
+               OPT_STRING('C', "reuse-message", &use_message, N_("commit"), N_("reuse message from specified commit")),
+               OPT_STRING(0, "fixup", &fixup_message, N_("commit"), N_("use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit")),
+               OPT_STRING(0, "squash", &squash_message, N_("commit"), N_("use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reset-author", &renew_authorship, N_("the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &signoff, N_("add Signed-off-by:")),
+               OPT_FILENAME('t', "template", &template_file, N_("use specified template file")),
+               OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &edit_flag, N_("force edit of commit")),
+               OPT_STRING(0, "cleanup", &cleanup_arg, N_("default"), N_("how to strip spaces and #comments from message")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "status", &include_status, N_("include status in commit message template")),
+               { OPTION_STRING, 'S', "gpg-sign", &sign_commit, N_("key id"),
+                 N_("GPG sign commit"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "" },
+               /* end commit message options */
+
+               OPT_GROUP(N_("Commit contents options")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all, N_("commit all changed files")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "include", &also, N_("add specified files to index for commit")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "interactive", &interactive, N_("interactively add files")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, N_("interactively add changes")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN('o', "only", &only, N_("commit only specified files")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-verify", &no_verify, N_("bypass pre-commit hook")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "dry-run", &dry_run, N_("show what would be committed")),
+               OPT_SET_INT(0, "short", &status_format, N_("show status concisely"),
+                           STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "branch", &s.show_branch, N_("show branch information")),
+               OPT_SET_INT(0, "porcelain", &status_format,
+                           N_("machine-readable output"), STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
+               OPT_SET_INT(0, "long", &status_format,
+                           N_("show status in long format (default)"),
+                           STATUS_FORMAT_LONG),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &s.null_termination,
+                           N_("terminate entries with NUL")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "amend", &amend, N_("amend previous commit")),
+               OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-post-rewrite", &no_post_rewrite, N_("bypass post-rewrite hook")),
+               { OPTION_STRING, 'u', "untracked-files", &untracked_files_arg, N_("mode"), N_("show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
+               /* end commit contents options */
+
+               { OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "allow-empty", &allow_empty, NULL,
+                 N_("ok to record an empty change"),
+                 PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+               { OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "allow-empty-message", &allow_empty_message, NULL,
+                 N_("ok to record a change with an empty message"),
+                 PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+
+               OPT_END()
+       };
+
        struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+       struct strbuf author_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
        const char *index_file, *reflog_msg;
        char *nl, *p;
-       unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
+       unsigned char sha1[20];
        struct ref_lock *ref_lock;
        struct commit_list *parents = NULL, **pptr = &parents;
        struct stat statbuf;
        int allow_fast_forward = 1;
-       struct wt_status s;
+       struct commit *current_head = NULL;
+       struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL;
+
+       if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
+               usage_with_options(builtin_commit_usage, builtin_commit_options);
 
        wt_status_prepare(&s);
+       gitmodules_config();
        git_config(git_commit_config, &s);
-       in_merge = file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
-       s.in_merge = in_merge;
-
-       if (s.use_color == -1)
-               s.use_color = git_use_color_default;
-       argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_commit_usage,
-                                         prefix, &s);
-       if (dry_run) {
-               if (diff_use_color_default == -1)
-                       diff_use_color_default = git_use_color_default;
-               return dry_run_commit(argc, argv, prefix, &s);
+       determine_whence(&s);
+       s.colopts = 0;
+
+       if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1))
+               current_head = NULL;
+       else {
+               current_head = lookup_commit_or_die(sha1, "HEAD");
+               if (!current_head || parse_commit(current_head))
+                       die(_("could not parse HEAD commit"));
        }
-       index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix, 0);
+       argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_commit_options,
+                                         builtin_commit_usage,
+                                         prefix, current_head, &s);
+       if (dry_run)
+               return dry_run_commit(argc, argv, prefix, current_head, &s);
+       index_file = prepare_index(argc, argv, prefix, current_head, 0);
 
        /* Set up everything for writing the commit object.  This includes
           running hooks, writing the trees, and interacting with the user.  */
-       if (!prepare_to_commit(index_file, prefix, &s)) {
+       if (!prepare_to_commit(index_file, prefix,
+                              current_head, &s, &author_ident)) {
                rollback_index_files();
                return 1;
        }
 
        /* Determine parents */
-       if (initial_commit) {
-               reflog_msg = "commit (initial)";
+       reflog_msg = getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION");
+       if (!current_head) {
+               if (!reflog_msg)
+                       reflog_msg = "commit (initial)";
        } else if (amend) {
                struct commit_list *c;
-               struct commit *commit;
 
-               reflog_msg = "commit (amend)";
-               commit = lookup_commit(head_sha1);
-               if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
-                       die("could not parse HEAD commit");
-
-               for (c = commit->parents; c; c = c->next)
+               if (!reflog_msg)
+                       reflog_msg = "commit (amend)";
+               for (c = current_head->parents; c; c = c->next)
                        pptr = &commit_list_insert(c->item, pptr)->next;
-       } else if (in_merge) {
+       } else if (whence == FROM_MERGE) {
                struct strbuf m = STRBUF_INIT;
                FILE *fp;
 
-               reflog_msg = "commit (merge)";
-               pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head_sha1), pptr)->next;
+               if (!reflog_msg)
+                       reflog_msg = "commit (merge)";
+               pptr = &commit_list_insert(current_head, pptr)->next;
                fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), "r");
                if (fp == NULL)
-                       die_errno("could not open '%s' for reading",
+                       die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"),
                                  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
                while (strbuf_getline(&m, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
-                       unsigned char sha1[20];
-                       if (get_sha1_hex(m.buf, sha1) < 0)
-                               die("Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)", m.buf);
-                       pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(sha1), pptr)->next;
+                       struct commit *parent;
+
+                       parent = get_merge_parent(m.buf);
+                       if (!parent)
+                               die(_("Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"), m.buf);
+                       pptr = &commit_list_insert(parent, pptr)->next;
                }
                fclose(fp);
                strbuf_release(&m);
                if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), &statbuf)) {
                        if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path("MERGE_MODE"), 0) < 0)
-                               die_errno("could not read MERGE_MODE");
+                               die_errno(_("could not read MERGE_MODE"));
                        if (!strcmp(sb.buf, "no-ff"))
                                allow_fast_forward = 0;
                }
                if (allow_fast_forward)
                        parents = reduce_heads(parents);
        } else {
-               reflog_msg = "commit";
-               pptr = &commit_list_insert(lookup_commit(head_sha1), pptr)->next;
+               if (!reflog_msg)
+                       reflog_msg = (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK)
+                                       ? "commit (cherry-pick)"
+                                       : "commit";
+               pptr = &commit_list_insert(current_head, pptr)->next;
        }
 
        /* Finally, get the commit message */
@@ -1245,7 +1517,7 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
        if (strbuf_read_file(&sb, git_path(commit_editmsg), 0) < 0) {
                int saved_errno = errno;
                rollback_index_files();
-               die("could not read commit message: %s", strerror(saved_errno));
+               die(_("could not read commit message: %s"), strerror(saved_errno));
        }
 
        /* Truncate the message just before the diff, if any. */
@@ -1257,21 +1529,37 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
        if (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
                stripspace(&sb, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
-       if (message_is_empty(&sb)) {
+       if (template_untouched(&sb) && !allow_empty_message) {
+               rollback_index_files();
+               fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"));
+               exit(1);
+       }
+       if (message_is_empty(&sb) && !allow_empty_message) {
                rollback_index_files();
-               fprintf(stderr, "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n");
+               fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"));
                exit(1);
        }
 
-       if (commit_tree(sb.buf, active_cache_tree->sha1, parents, commit_sha1,
-                       fmt_ident(author_name, author_email, author_date,
-                               IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME))) {
+       if (amend) {
+               const char *exclude_gpgsig[2] = { "gpgsig", NULL };
+               extra = read_commit_extra_headers(current_head, exclude_gpgsig);
+       } else {
+               struct commit_extra_header **tail = &extra;
+               append_merge_tag_headers(parents, &tail);
+       }
+
+       if (commit_tree_extended(&sb, active_cache_tree->sha1, parents, sha1,
+                                author_ident.buf, sign_commit, extra)) {
                rollback_index_files();
-               die("failed to write commit object");
+               die(_("failed to write commit object"));
        }
+       strbuf_release(&author_ident);
+       free_commit_extra_headers(extra);
 
        ref_lock = lock_any_ref_for_update("HEAD",
-                                          initial_commit ? NULL : head_sha1,
+                                          !current_head
+                                          ? NULL
+                                          : current_head->object.sha1,
                                           0);
 
        nl = strchr(sb.buf, '\n');
@@ -1284,27 +1572,39 @@ int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
        if (!ref_lock) {
                rollback_index_files();
-               die("cannot lock HEAD ref");
+               die(_("cannot lock HEAD ref"));
        }
-       if (write_ref_sha1(ref_lock, commit_sha1, sb.buf) < 0) {
+       if (write_ref_sha1(ref_lock, sha1, sb.buf) < 0) {
                rollback_index_files();
-               die("cannot update HEAD ref");
+               die(_("cannot update HEAD ref"));
        }
 
+       unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
+       unlink(git_path("REVERT_HEAD"));
        unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
        unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
        unlink(git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
        unlink(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
 
        if (commit_index_files())
-               die ("Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+               die (_("Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
                     "new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
-                    "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover.");
+                    "not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."));
 
        rerere(0);
        run_hook(get_index_file(), "post-commit", NULL);
+       if (amend && !no_post_rewrite) {
+               struct notes_rewrite_cfg *cfg;
+               cfg = init_copy_notes_for_rewrite("amend");
+               if (cfg) {
+                       /* we are amending, so current_head is not NULL */
+                       copy_note_for_rewrite(cfg, current_head->object.sha1, sha1);
+                       finish_copy_notes_for_rewrite(cfg);
+               }
+               run_rewrite_hook(current_head->object.sha1, sha1);
+       }
        if (!quiet)
-               print_summary(prefix, commit_sha1);
+               print_summary(prefix, sha1, !current_head);
 
        return 0;
 }