4 spaces now expands HT in the log message by default. You can use
the "--no-expand-tabs" option to disable this.
+"git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign
+its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration
+variable, which was an ancient mistake, which this release corrects.
+A script that drives commit-tree, if it relies on this mistake, now
+needs to read commit.gpgsign and pass the -S option as necessary.
+
Updates since v2.8
------------------
UI, Workflows & Features
+ * Comes with git-multimail 1.3.1 (in contrib/).
+
* The end-user facing Porcelain level commands like "diff" and "log"
now enables the rename detection by default.
to be used in a rare event that merges histories of two projects
that started their lives independently.
+ * "git pull" has been taught to pass --allow-unrelated-histories
+ option to underlying "git merge".
+
* "git apply -v" learned to report paths in the patch that were
skipped via --include/--exclude mechanism or being outside the
current working directory.
* "git send-email" now uses a more readable timestamps when
formulating a message ID.
- (merge f916ab0 ew/send-email-readable-message-id later to maint).
+
+ * "git rerere" can encounter two or more files with the same conflict
+ signature that have to be resolved in different ways, but there was
+ no way to record these separate resolutions.
+ (merge d9d501b068 jc/rerere-multi later to maint).
+
+ * "git p4" learned to record P4 jobs in Git commit that imports from
+ the history in Perforce.
+
+ * "git describe --contains" often made a hard-to-justify choice of
+ tag to give name to a given commit, because it tried to come up
+ with a name with smallest number of hops from a tag, causing an old
+ commit whose close descendant that is recently tagged were not
+ described with respect to an old tag but with a newer tag. It did
+ not help that its computation of "hop" count was further tweaked to
+ penalize being on a side branch of a merge. The logic has been
+ updated to favor using the tag with the oldest tagger date, which
+ is a lot easier to explain to the end users: "We describe a commit
+ in terms of the (chronologically) oldest tag that contains the
+ commit."
+ (merge 7550424 js/name-rev-use-oldest-ref later to maint).
+
+ * "git clone" learned "--shallow-submodules" option.
+
+ * HTTP transport clients learned to throw extra HTTP headers at the
+ server, specified via http.extraHeader configuration variable.
+
+ * Patch output from "git diff" and friends has been tweaked to be
+ more readable by using a blank line as a strong hint that the
+ contents before and after it belong to a logically separate unit.
+
+ * A new configuration variable core.hooksPath allows customizing
+ where the hook directory is.
+
+ * An earlier addition of "sanitize_submodule_env" with 14111fc4 (git:
+ submodule honor -c credential.* from command line, 2016-02-29)
+ turned out to be a convoluted no-op; implement what it wanted to do
+ correctly, and stop filtering settings given via "git -c var=val".
+
+ * "git commit --dry-run" reported "No, no, you cannot commit." in one
+ case where "git commit" would have allowed you to commit, and this
+ improves it a little bit ("git commit --dry-run --short" still does
+ not give you the correct answer, for example). This is a stop-gap
+ measure in that "commit --short --dry-run" still gives an incorrect
+ result.
+
+ * The experimental "multiple worktree" feature gains more safety to
+ forbid operations on a branch that is checked out or being actively
+ worked on elsewhere, by noticing that e.g. it is being rebased.
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned a new "--base" option to record what
+ (public, well-known) commit the original series was built on in
+ its output.
+
+ * "git commit" learned to pay attention to "commit.verbose"
+ configuration variable and act as if "--verbose" option was
+ given from the command line.
+
+ * Give hints to GMail users with two-factor auth enabled that
+ they need app-specific-password when using send-email.
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
* The embedded args argv-array in the child process is used to build
the command line to run pack-objects instead of using a separate
array of strings.
- (merge 65a3629 mp/upload-pack-use-embedded-args later to maint).
* A test for tags has been restructured so that more parts of it can
easily be run on a platform without a working GnuPG.
repository (among other things), are now uniformly available to Git
subcommand implementations, and Git avoids attempting to touch
references when we are not in a repository.
- (merge 11e6b3f jk/startup-info later to maint).
* The command line argument parser for "receive-pack" has been
rewritten to use parse-options.
parallel.
* Rename bunch of tests on "git clone" for better organization.
- (merge 8fbb03a sb/clone-t57-t56 later to maint).
* The tests that involve running httpd leaked the system-wide
configuration in /etc/gitconfig to the tested environment.
- (merge 1fad503 jk/test-httpd-config-nosystem later to maint).
* Build updates for MSVC.
- (merge 0ef60af ss/msvc later to maint).
* The repository set-up sequence has been streamlined (the biggest
change is that there is no longer git_config_early()), so that we
do not attempt to look into refs/* when we know we do not have a
Git repository.
- (merge 274db84 jk/check-repository-format later to maint).
+
+ * Code restructuring around the "refs" area to prepare for pluggable
+ refs backends.
+
+ * Sources to many test helper binaries (and the generated helpers)
+ have been moved to t/helper/ subdirectory to reduce clutter at the
+ top level of the tree.
+
+ * Unify internal logic between "git tag -v" and "git verify-tag"
+ commands by making one directly call into the other.
+ (merge bef234b st/verify-tag later to maint).
+
+ * "merge-recursive" strategy incorrectly checked if a path that is
+ involved in its internal merge exists in the working tree.
+
+ * The test scripts for "git p4" (but not "git p4" implementation
+ itself) has been updated so that they would work even on a system
+ where the installed version of Python is python 3.
+
+ * As nobody maintains our in-tree git.spec.in and distros use their
+ own spec file, we stopped pretending that we support "make rpm".
+
+ * Move from unsigned char[20] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * Update of "git submodule" to move pieces of logic to C continues.
+
+ * The code for warning_errno/die_errno has been refactored and a new
+ error_errno() reporting helper is introduced.
+ (merge 1da045f nd/error-errno later to maint).
+
+ * Running tests with '-x' option to trace the individual command
+ executions is a useful way to debug test scripts, but some tests
+ that capture the standard error stream and check what the command
+ said can be broken with the trace output mixed in. When running
+ our tests under "bash", however, we can redirect the trace output
+ to another file descriptor to keep the standard error of programs
+ being tested intact.
+ (merge d88785e jk/test-send-sh-x-trace-elsewhere later to maint).
+
+ * t0040 had too many unnecessary repetitions in its test data. Teach
+ test-parse-options program so that a caller can tell what it
+ expects in its output, so that these repetitions can be cleaned up.
+
+ * Add perf test for "rebase -i"
+
+ * Common mistakes when writing gitlink: in our documentation are
+ found by "make check-docs".
+
+ * t9xxx series has been updated primarily for readability, while
+ fixing small bugs in it. A few scripted Porcelains have also been
+ updated to fix possible bugs around their use of "test -z" and
+ "test -n".
+
+ * CI test was taught to run git-svn tests.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
* "git config --get-urlmatch", unlike other variants of the "git
config --get" family, did not signal error with its exit status
when there was no matching configuration.
- (merge 24990b2 jk/config-get-urlmatch later to maint).
* The "--local-env-vars" and "--resolve-git-dir" options of "git
rev-parse" failed to work outside a repository when the command's
option parsing was rewritten in 1.8.5 era.
- (merge fc7d47f jk/rev-parse-local-env-vars later to maint).
* "git index-pack --keep[=<msg>] pack-$name.pack" simply did not work.
- (merge 0e94242 jc/maint-index-pack-keep later to maint).
* Fetching of history by naming a commit object name directly didn't
work across remote-curl transport.
- (merge 754ecb1 gf/fetch-pack-direct-object-fetch later to maint).
* A small memory leak in an error codepath has been plugged in xdiff
code.
- (merge 87f1625 rj/xdiff-prepare-plug-leak-on-error-codepath later to maint).
* strbuf_getwholeline() did not NUL-terminate the buffer on certain
corner cases in its error codepath.
- (merge b709043 jk/getwholeline-getdelim-empty later to maint).
* "git mergetool" did not work well with conflicts that both sides
deleted.
- (merge a298604 da/mergetool-delete-delete-conflict later to maint).
* "git send-email" had trouble parsing alias file in mailrc format
when lines in it had trailing whitespaces on them.
- (merge a277d1e jk/send-email-rtrim-mailrc-alias later to maint).
* When "git merge --squash" stopped due to conflict, the concluding
"git commit" failed to read in the SQUASH_MSG that shows the log
messages from all the squashed commits.
- (merge b64c1e0 ss/commit-squash-msg later to maint).
* "git merge FETCH_HEAD" dereferenced NULL pointer when merging
nothing into an unborn history (which is arguably unusual usage,
which perhaps was the reason why nobody noticed it).
- (merge b84e65d jv/merge-nothing-into-void later to maint).
* When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -d" allowed
deletion of a branch that is checked out in another worktree,
which was wrong.
- (merge f292244 ky/branch-d-worktree later to maint).
* When "git worktree" feature is in use, "git branch -m" renamed a
branch that is checked out in another worktree without adjusting
the HEAD symbolic ref for the worktree.
- (merge 18eb3a9 ky/branch-m-worktree later to maint).
* "git diff -M" used to work better when two originally identical
files A and B got renamed to X/A and X/B by pairing A to X/A and B
to X/B, but this was broken in the 2.0 timeframe.
- (merge ca4e3ca sg/diff-multiple-identical-renames later to maint).
* "git send-pack --all <there>" was broken when its command line
option parsing was written in the 2.6 timeframe.
- (merge c677756 sk/send-pack-all-fix later to maint).
* "git format-patch --help" showed `-s` and `--no-patch` as if these
are valid options to the command. We already hide `--patch` option
from the documentation, because format-patch is about showing the
diff, and the documentation now hides these options as well.
- (merge b73a1bc es/format-patch-doc-hide-no-patch later to maint).
* When running "git blame $path" with unnormalized data in the index
for the path, the data in the working tree was blamed, even though
"git add" would not have changed what is already in the index, due
to "safe crlf" that disables the line-end conversion. It has been
corrected.
- (merge a08feb8 tb/blame-force-read-cache-to-workaround-safe-crlf later to maint).
* A change back in version 2.7 to "git branch" broke display of a
symbolic ref in a non-standard place in the refs/ hierarchy (we
expect symbolic refs to appear in refs/remotes/*/HEAD to point at
the primary branch the remote has, and as .git/HEAD to point at the
branch we locally checked out).
- (merge 95c38fb jk/branch-shortening-funny-symrefs later to maint).
* A partial rewrite of "git submodule" in the 2.7 timeframe changed
the way the gitdir: pointer in the submodules point at the real
repository location to use absolute paths by accident. This has
been corrected.
- (merge 1f15ba1 sb/submodule-helper-clone-regression-fix later to maint).
* "git commit" misbehaved in a few minor ways when an empty message
is given via -m '', all of which has been corrected.
- (merge 27014cb ad/commit-have-m-option later to maint).
* Support for CRAM-MD5 authentication method in "git imap-send" did
not work well.
- (merge eb94ee7 ky/imap-send later to maint).
* Upcoming OpenSSL 1.1.0 will break compilation b updating a few APIs
we use in imap-send, which has been adjusted for the change.
- (merge 1245c74 ky/imap-send-openssl-1.1.0 later to maint).
* The socks5:// proxy support added back in 2.6.4 days was not aware
that socks5h:// proxies behave differently.
- (merge 87f8a0b jc/http-socks5h later to maint).
* "git config" had a codepath that tried to pass a NULL to
printf("%s"), which nobody seems to have noticed.
- (merge 1cae428 jk/do-not-printf-NULL later to maint).
* On Cygwin, object creation uses the "create a temporary and then
rename it to the final name" pattern, not "create a temporary,
already enabled for the MinGW and plain Windows builds. It also
has been used in Cygwin packaged versions of Git for quite a while.
See http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/291853
- (merge e53a64b ad/cygwin-wants-rename later to maint).
+
+ * "merge-octopus" strategy did not ensure that the index is clean
+ when merge begins.
+
+ * When "git merge" notices that the merge can be resolved purely at
+ the tree level (without having to merge blobs) and the resulting
+ tree happens to already exist in the object store, it forgot to
+ update the index, which lead to an inconsistent state for later
+ operations.
+
+ * "git submodule" reports the paths of submodules the command
+ recurses into, but this was incorrect when the command was not run
+ from the root level of the superproject.
+
+ * The "user.useConfigOnly" configuration variable makes it an error
+ if users do not explicitly set user.name and user.email. However,
+ its check was not done early enough and allowed another error to
+ trigger, reporting that the default value we guessed from the
+ system setting was unusable. This was a suboptimal end-user
+ experience as we want the users to set user.name/user.email without
+ relying on the auto-detection at all.
+
+ * "git mv old new" did not adjust the path for a submodule that lives
+ as a subdirectory inside old/ directory correctly.
+
+ * "git replace -e" did not honour "core.editor" configuration.
+
+ * "git push" from a corrupt repository that attempts to push a large
+ number of refs deadlocked; the thread to relay rejection notices
+ for these ref updates blocked on writing them to the main thread,
+ after the main thread at the receiving end notices that the push
+ failed and decides not to read these notices and return a failure.
+
+ * mmap emulation on Windows has been optimized and work better without
+ consuming paging store when not needed.
+
+ * A question by "git send-email" to ask the identity of the sender
+ has been updated.
+
+ * UI consistency improvements for "git mergetool".
+
+ * "git rebase -m" could be asked to rebase an entire branch starting
+ from the root, but failed by assuming that there always is a parent
+ commit to the first commit on the branch.
+ (merge 79f4344 bw/rebase-merge-entire-branch later to maint).
+
+ * Fix a broken "p4 lfs" test.
+
+ * Recent update to Git LFS broke "git p4" by changing the output from
+ its "lfs pointer" subcommand.
+
+ * "git fetch" test t5510 was flaky while running a (forced) automagic
+ garbage collection.
+
+ * Documentation updates to help contributors setting up Travis CI
+ test for their patches.
+
+ * Some multi-byte encoding can have a backslash byte as a later part
+ of one letter, which would confuse "highlight" filter used in
+ gitweb.
+
+ * "git commit-tree" plumbing command required the user to always sign
+ its result when the user sets the commit.gpgsign configuration
+ variable, which was an ancient mistake. Rework "git rebase" that
+ relied on this mistake so that it reads commit.gpgsign and pass (or
+ not pass) the -S option to "git commit-tree" to keep the end-user
+ expectation the same, while teaching "git commit-tree" to ignore
+ the configuration variable. This will stop requiring the users to
+ sign commit objects used internally as an implementation detail of
+ "git stash".
+ (merge 6694856 jc/commit-tree-ignore-commit-gpgsign later to maint).
+
+ * "http.cookieFile" configuration variable clearly wants a pathname,
+ but we forgot to treat it as such by e.g. applying tilde expansion.
+ (merge e5a39ad bn/http-cookiefile-config later to maint).
+
+ * Consolidate description of tilde-expansion that is done to
+ configuration variables that take pathname to a single place.
+ (merge dca83ab jc/config-pathname-type later to maint).
+
+ * Correct faulty recommendation to use "git submodule deinit ." when
+ de-initialising all submodules, which would result in a strange
+ error message in a pathological corner case.
+ (merge f6a5279 sb/submodule-deinit-all later to maint).
+
+ * Many 'linkgit:<git documentation page>' references were broken,
+ which are all fixed with this.
+ (merge 1cca17d jc/linkgit-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "git rerere" can get confused by conflict markers deliberately left
+ by the inner merge step, because they are indistinguishable from
+ the real conflict markers left by the outermost merge which are
+ what the end user and "rerere" need to look at. This was fixed by
+ making the conflict markers left by the inner merges a bit longer.
+ (merge 0f9fd5c jc/ll-merge-internal later to maint).
+
+ * CI test was taught to build documentation pages.
+ (merge b98712b ls/travis-build-doc later to maint).
+
+ * "git fsck" learned to catch NUL byte in a commit object as
+ potential error and warn.
+ (merge 6d2d780 jc/fsck-nul-in-commit later to maint).
+
+ * Portability enhancement for "rebase -i" to help platforms whose
+ shell does not like "for i in <empty>" (which is not POSIX-kosher).
+ (merge 8e98b35 jk/rebase-interative-eval-fix later to maint).
+
+ * On Windows, .git and optionally any files whose name starts with a
+ dot are now marked as hidden, with a core.hideDotFiles knob to
+ customize this behaviour.
+ (merge ebf31e7 js/windows-dotgit later to maint).
+
+ * Documentation for "git merge --verify-signatures" has been updated
+ to clarify that the signature of only the commit at the tip is
+ verified. Also the phrasing used for signature and key validity is
+ adjusted to align with that used by OpenPGP.
+ (merge 05a5869 kf/gpg-sig-verification-doc later to maint).
+
+ * A couple of bugs around core.autocrlf have been fixed.
+ (merge caa47ad tb/core-eol-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Many commands normalize command line arguments from NFD to NFC
+ variant of UTF-8 on OSX, but commands in the "diff" family did
+ not, causing "git diff $path" to complain that no such path is
+ known to Git. They have been taught to do the normalization.
+ (merge 90a78b8 ar/diff-args-osx-precompose later to maint).
+
+ * "git difftool" learned to handle unmerged paths correctly in
+ dir-diff mode.
+ (merge 366f9ce da/difftool later to maint).
+
+ * The "are we talking with TTY, doing an interactive session?"
+ detection has been updated to work better for "Git for Windows".
+ (merge f7f90e0 kb/msys2-tty later to maint).
+
+ * We forgot to add "git log --decorate=auto" to documentation when we
+ added the feature back in v2.1.0 timeframe.
+ (merge 462cbb4 rj/log-decorate-auto later to maint).
* Other minor clean-ups and documentation updates
- (merge aed7480 mm/lockfile-error-message later to maint).
- (merge bfee614 jc/index-pack later to maint).
- (merge f870899 ss/exc-flag-is-a-collection-of-bits later to maint).
- (merge dde7891 pb/t7502-drop-dup later to maint).
- (merge 3bd1b51 cc/doc-recommend-performance-trace-to-file later to maint).
- (merge 7d5e9c9 jk/credential-cache-comment-exit later to maint).
- (merge 16a86d4 nd/apply-doc later to maint).
- (merge c3f6b85 pb/opt-cmdmode-doc later to maint).
- (merge 30211fb oa/doc-diff-check later to maint).
- (merge 01d98e8 ak/use-hashmap-iter-first-in-submodule-config later to maint).
- (merge 8b5a3e9 kn/for-each-tag-branch later to maint).
- (merge 9c60d9f sb/misc-cleanups later to maint).
- (merge 7a6a44c cc/apply later to maint).
- (merge 8e9b208 js/mingw-tests-2.8 later to maint).
- (merge d55de70 jc/makefile-redirection-stderr later to maint).
- (merge 4232b21 ep/trace-doc-sample-fix later to maint).
- (merge ef8c95e ew/send-email-drop-data-dumper later to maint).
- (merge 24041d6 jc/xstrfmt-null-with-prec-0 later to maint).
- (merge 7bec7f5 jk/use-write-script-more later to maint).
+ (merge 832c0e5 lp/typofixes later to maint).
+ (merge f5ee54a sb/z-is-gnutar-ism later to maint).
+ (merge 2e3926b va/i18n-misc-updates later to maint).
+ (merge f212dcc bn/config-doc-tt-varnames later to maint).
+ (merge f54bea4 nd/remote-plural-ours-plus-theirs later to maint).
+ (merge 2bb0518 ak/t4151-ls-files-could-be-empty later to maint).
+ (merge 4df4313 jc/test-seq later to maint).
+ (merge a75a308 tb/t5601-sed-fix later to maint).
+ (merge 6c1fbe1 va/i18n-remote-comment-to-align later to maint).
+ (merge dee2303 va/mailinfo-doc-typofix later to maint).