release (yet).
* The historical argument order "git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..."
- has been deprecated for quite some time, and will be removed in a
- future release.
+ has been deprecated for quite some time, and is now removed.
+
+ * The default location "~/.git-credential-cache/socket" for the
+ socket used to communicate with the credential-cache daemon has
+ been moved to "~/.cache/git/credential/socket".
+
+ * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup
+ sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository. A corner case that
+ happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG").
+ We've tried hard to locate such cases and fixed them, but there
+ might still be cases that need to be addressed--bug reports are
+ greatly appreciated.
Updates since v2.12
unlike in the e-mail header. "git send-email" has been updated to
ignore anything after '>' when picking addresses, to allow non-address
cruft like " # stable 4.4" after the address.
- (merge 9d3343961b jh/send-email-one-cc later to maint).
* When "git submodule init" decides that the submodule in the working
tree is its upstream, it now gives a warning as it is not a very
common setup.
- (merge d1b3b81aab sb/submodule-init-url-selection later to maint).
- * "git stash save" takes a pathspec so that the local changes can be
+ * "git stash push" takes a pathspec so that the local changes can be
stashed away only partially.
- (merge 9e140909f6 tg/stash-push later to maint).
* Documentation for "git ls-files" did not refer to core.quotePath.
+ * The experimental "split index" feature has gained a few
+ configuration variables to make it easier to use.
+
+ * From a working tree of a repository, a new option of "rev-parse"
+ lets you ask if the repository is used as a submodule of another
+ project, and where the root level of the working tree of that
+ project (i.e. your superproject) is.
+
+ * The pathspec mechanism learned to further limit the paths that
+ match the pattern to those that have specified attributes attached
+ via the gitattributes mechanism.
+
+ * Our source code has used the SHA1_HEADER cpp macro after "#include"
+ in the C code to switch among the SHA-1 implementations. Instead,
+ list the exact header file names and switch among implementations
+ using "#ifdef BLK_SHA1/#include "block-sha1/sha1.h"/.../#endif";
+ this helps some IDE tools.
+
+ * The start-up sequence of "git" needs to figure out some configured
+ settings before it finds and set itself up in the location of the
+ repository and was quite messy due to its "chicken-and-egg" nature.
+ The code has been restructured.
+
+ * The command line prompt (in contrib/) learned a new 'tag' style
+ that can be specified with GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE, to describe a
+ detached HEAD with "git describe --tags".
+
+ * The configuration file learned a new "includeIf.<condition>.path"
+ that includes the contents of the given path only when the
+ condition holds. This allows you to say "include this work-related
+ bit only in the repositories under my ~/work/ directory".
+
+ * Recent update to "rebase -i" started showing a message that is not
+ a warning with "warning:" prefix by mistake. This has been fixed.
+
+ * Recently we started passing the "--push-options" through the
+ external remote helper interface; now the "smart HTTP" remote
+ helper understands what to do with the passed information.
+
+ * "git describe --dirty" dies when it cannot be determined if the
+ state in the working tree matches that of HEAD (e.g. broken
+ repository or broken submodule). The command learned a new option
+ "git describe --broken" to give "$name-broken" (where $name is the
+ description of HEAD) in such a case.
+
+ * "git checkout" is taught the "--recurse-submodules" option.
+
+ * Recent enhancement to "git stash push" command to support pathspec
+ to allow only a subset of working tree changes to be stashed away
+ was found to be too chatty and exposed the internal implementation
+ detail (e.g. when it uses reset to match the index to HEAD before
+ doing other things, output from reset seeped out). These, and
+ other chattyness has been fixed.
+
+ * "git merge <message> HEAD <commit>" syntax that has been deprecated
+ since October 2007 has been removed.
+
+ * The refs completion for large number of refs has been sped up,
+ partly by giving up disambiguating ambiguous refs and partly by
+ eliminating most of the shell processing between 'git for-each-ref'
+ and 'ls-remote' and Bash's completion facility.
+
+ * On many keyboards, typing "@{" involves holding down SHIFT key and
+ one can easily end up with "@{Up..." when typing "@{upstream}". As
+ the upstream/push keywords do not appear anywhere else in the syntax,
+ we can safely accept them case insensitively without introducing
+ ambiguity or confusion to solve this.
+
+ * "git tag/branch/for-each-ref" family of commands long allowed to
+ filter the refs by "--contains X" (show only the refs that are
+ descendants of X), "--merged X" (show only the refs that are
+ ancestors of X), "--no-merged X" (show only the refs that are not
+ ancestors of X). One curious omission, "--no-contains X" (show
+ only the refs that are not descendants of X) has been added to
+ them.
+
+ * The default behaviour of "git log" in an interactive session has
+ been changed to enable "--decorate".
+
+ * The output from "git status --short" has been extended to show
+ various kinds of dirtyness in submodules differently; instead of to
+ "M" for modified, 'm' and '?' can be shown to signal changes only
+ to the working tree of the submodule but not the commit that is
+ checked out.
+
+ * Allow the http.postbuffer configuration variable to be set to a
+ size that can be expressed in size_t, which can be larger than
+ ulong on some platforms.
+
+ * "git rebase" learns "--signoff" option.
+
+ * The completion script (in contrib/) learned to complete "git push
+ --delete b<TAB>" to complete branch name to be deleted.
+
+ * "git worktree add --lock" allows to lock a worktree immediately
+ after it's created. This helps prevent a race between "git worktree
+ add; git worktree lock" and "git worktree prune".
+
+ * Completion for "git checkout <branch>" that auto-creates the branch
+ out of a remote tracking branch can now be disabled, as this
+ completion often gets in the way when completing to checkout an
+ existing local branch that happens to share the same prefix with
+ bunch of remote tracking branches.
+
Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc.
errno from failed system calls.
* The "parse_config_key()" API function has been cleaned up.
- (merge ad8c7cdadd jk/parse-config-key-cleanup later to maint).
* A test that creates a confusing branch whose name is HEAD has been
corrected not to do so.
- (merge f0252ca23c jk/t6300-cleanup later to maint).
* The code that parses header fields in the commit object has been
updated for (micro)performance and code hygiene.
- (merge b072504ce1 rs/commit-parsing-optim later to maint).
* An helper function to make it easier to append the result from
real_path() to a strbuf has been added.
- (merge 33ad9ddd0b rs/strbuf-add-real-path later to maint).
* Reduce authentication round-trip over HTTP when the server supports
just a single authentication method. This also improves the
against a server that does not authenticate without a username
(i.e. not using Kerberos etc., which makes http.emptyAuth
pointless).
- (merge 40a18fc77c jk/http-auth later to maint).
* Windows port wants to use OpenSSL's implementation of SHA-1
routines, so let them.
- (merge 2cfc70f0de jh/mingw-openssl-sha1 later to maint).
* The t/perf performance test suite was not prepared to test not so
old versions of Git, but now it covers versions of Git that are not
so ancient.
- (merge 28e1fb5466 jt/perf-updates later to maint).
* Add 32-bit Linux variant to the set of platforms to be tested with
Travis CI.
- (merge 88dedd5e72 js/travis-32bit-linux later to maint).
* "git branch --list" takes the "--abbrev" and "--no-abbrev" options
to control the output of the object name in its "-v"(erbose)
output, but a recent update started ignoring them; fix it before
the breakage reaches to any released version.
+ * Picking two versions of Git and running tests to make sure the
+ older one and the newer one interoperate happily has now become
+ possible.
+
+ * "git tag --contains" used to (ab)use the object bits to keep track
+ of the state of object reachability without clearing them after
+ use; this has been cleaned up and made to use the newer commit-slab
+ facility.
+
+ * The "debug" helper used in the test framework learned to run
+ a command under "gdb" interactively.
+
+ * The "detect attempt to create collisions" variant of SHA-1
+ implementation by Marc Stevens (CWI) and Dan Shumow (Microsoft)
+ has been integrated and made the default.
+
+ * The test framework learned to detect unterminated here documents.
+
+ * The name-hash used for detecting paths that are different only in
+ cases (which matter on case insensitive filesystems) has been
+ optimized to take advantage of multi-threading when it makes sense.
+
+ * An earlier version of sha1dc/sha1.c that was merged to 'master'
+ compiled incorrectly on Windows, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "what URL do we want to update this submodule?" and "are we
+ interested in this submodule?" are split into two distinct
+ concepts, and then the way used to express the latter got extended,
+ paving a way to make it easier to manage a project with many
+ submodules and make it possible to later extend use of multiple
+ worktrees for a project with submodules.
+
+ * Some debugging output from "git describe" were marked for l10n,
+ but some weren't. Mark missing ones for l10n.
+
+ * Define a new task in .travis.yml that triggers a test session on
+ Windows run elsewhere.
+
+ * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues.
+
+ * The "submodule" specific field in the ref_store structure is
+ replaced with a more generic "gitdir" that can later be used also
+ when dealing with ref_store that represents the set of refs visible
+ from the other worktrees.
+
+ * The string-list API used a custom reallocation strategy that was
+ very inefficient, instead of using the usual ALLOC_GROW() macro,
+ which has been fixed.
+ (merge 950a234cbd jh/string-list-micro-optim later to maint).
+
+ * In a 2- and 3-way merge of trees, more than one source trees often
+ end up sharing an identical subtree; optimize by not reading the
+ same tree multiple times in such a case.
+ (merge d12a8cf0af jh/unpack-trees-micro-optim later to maint).
+
+ * The index file has a trailing SHA-1 checksum to detect file
+ corruption, and historically we checked it every time the index
+ file is used. Omit the validation during normal use, and instead
+ verify only in "git fsck".
+
+ * Having a git command on the upstream side of a pipe in a test
+ script will hide the exit status from the command, which may cause
+ us to fail to notice a breakage; rewrite tests in a script to avoid
+ this issue.
+
+ * Travis CI learns to run coccicheck.
+
+ * "git checkout" that handles a lot of paths has been optimized by
+ reducing the number of unnecessary checks of paths in the
+ has_dir_name() function.
+
+ * The internals of the refs API around the cached refs has been
+ streamlined.
+
+ * Output from perf tests have been updated to align their titles.
Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups.
Fixes since v2.12
-----------------
-Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.9 in the maintenance
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.12 in the maintenance
track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases'
notes for details).
* "git repack --depth=<n>" for a long time busted the specified depth
when reusing delta from existing packs. This has been corrected.
- (merge 42b766d765 jk/delta-chain-limit later to maint).
* The code to parse the command line "git grep <patterns>... <rev>
[[--] <pathspec>...]" has been cleaned up, and a handful of bugs
have been fixed (e.g. we used to check "--" if it is a rev).
- (merge 131f3c96d2 jk/grep-no-index-fix later to maint).
* "git ls-remote" and "git archive --remote" are designed to work
without being in a directory under Git's control. However, recent
updates revealed that we randomly look into a directory called
.git/ without actually doing necessary set-up when working in a
repository. Stop doing so.
- (merge 4b0c3c7735 jn/remote-helpers-with-git-dir later to maint).
* "git show-branch" expected there were only very short branch names
in the repository and used a fixed-length buffer to hold them
without checking for overflow.
- (merge d3cc5f4c44 jk/show-branch-lift-name-len-limit later to maint).
* A caller of tempfile API that uses stdio interface to write to
files may ignore errors while writing, which is detected when
be long gone and was overwritten by an irrelevant value.
close_tempfile() now resets errno to EIO to make errno at least
predictable.
- (merge 7e8c9355b7 jk/tempfile-ferror-fclose-confusion later to maint).
* "git remote rm X", when a branch has remote X configured as the
value of its branch.*.remote, tried to remove branch.*.remote and
branch.*.merge and failed if either is unset.
- (merge 20690b2139 rl/remote-allow-missing-branch-name-merge later to maint).
* A "gc.log" file left by a backgrounded "gc --auto" disables further
automatic gc; it has been taught to run at least once a day (by
default) by ignoring a stale "gc.log" file that is too old.
- (merge a831c06a2b dt/gc-ignore-old-gc-logs later to maint).
* The code to parse "git -c VAR=VAL cmd" and set configuration
variable for the duration of cmd had two small bugs, which have
been fixed.
- (merge 1274a155af jc/config-case-cmdline-take-2 later to maint).
* user.email that consists of only cruft chars should consistently
error out, but didn't.
- (merge 94425552f3 jk/ident-empty later to maint).
* "git upload-pack", which is a counter-part of "git fetch", did not
report a request for a ref that was not advertised as invalid.
This is generally not a problem (because "git fetch" will stop
before making such a request), but is the right thing to do.
- (merge bdb31eada7 jt/upload-pack-error-report later to maint).
* A leak in a codepath to read from a packed object in (rare) cases
has been plugged.
- (merge 886ddf4777 rs/sha1-file-plug-fallback-base-leak later to maint).
* When a redirected http transport gets an error during the
redirected request, we ignored the error we got from the server,
and ended up giving a not-so-useful error message.
- (merge 8e27391a5f jt/http-base-url-update-upon-redirect later to maint).
* The patch subcommand of "git add -i" was meant to have paths
selection prompt just like other subcommand, unlike "git add -p"
directly jumps to hunk selection. Recently, this was broken and
"add -i" lost the paths selection dialog, but it now has been
fixed.
- (merge c852bd54bd jk/add-i-patch-do-prompt later to maint).
* Git v2.12 was shipped with an embarrassing breakage where various
operations that verify paths given from the user stopped dying when
seeing an issue, and instead later triggering segfault.
- (merge ce83eadd9a js/realpath-pathdup-fix later to maint).
* There is no need for Python only to give a few messages to the
standard error stream, but we somehow did.
- (merge b8686c661d ss/remote-bzr-hg-placeholder-wo-python later to maint).
* The code to parse "git log -L..." command line was buggy when there
are many ranges specified with -L; overrun of the allocated buffer
has been fixed.
- (merge aaae0bf787 ax/line-log-range-merge-fix later to maint).
* The command-line parsing of "git log -L" copied internal data
structures using incorrect size on ILP32 systems.
- (merge 07f546cda5 vn/line-log-memcpy-size-fix later to maint).
* "git diff --quiet" relies on the size field in diff_filespec to be
correctly populated, but diff_populate_filespec() helper function
made an incorrect short-cut when asked only to populate the size
field for paths that need to go through convert_to_git() (e.g. CRLF
conversion).
- (merge 12426e114b jc/diff-populate-filespec-size-only-fix later to maint).
* A few tests were run conditionally under (rare) conditions where
they cannot be run (like running cvs tests under 'root' account).
- (merge c6507484a2 ab/cond-skip-tests later to maint).
* "git branch @" created refs/heads/@ as a branch, and in general the
code that handled @{-1} and @{upstream} was a bit too loose in
disambiguating.
- (merge fd4692ff70 jk/interpret-branch-name later to maint).
* "git fetch" that requests a commit by object name, when the other
side does not allow such an request, failed without much
explanation.
- (merge d56583ded6 mm/fetch-show-error-message-on-unadvertised-object later to maint).
* "git filter-branch --prune-empty" drops a single-parent commit that
becomes a no-op, but did not drop a root commit whose tree is empty.
- (merge 32da7467eb dp/filter-branch-prune-empty later to maint).
* Recent versions of Git treats http alternates (used in dumb http
transport) just like HTTP redirects and requires the client to
enable following it, due to security concerns. But we forgot to
give a warning when we decide not to honor the alternates.
- (merge 5cae73d5d2 ew/http-alternates-as-redirects-warning later to maint).
* "git push" had a handful of codepaths that could lead to a deadlock
when unexpected error happened, which has been fixed.
- (merge d1a13d3fcb jk/push-deadlock-regression-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "Dumb http" transport used to misparse a nonsense http-alternates
+ response, which has been fixed.
+
+ * "git add -p <pathspec>" unnecessarily expanded the pathspec to a
+ list of individual files that matches the pathspec by running "git
+ ls-files <pathspec>", before feeding it to "git diff-index" to see
+ which paths have changes, because historically the pathspec
+ language supported by "diff-index" was weaker. These days they are
+ equivalent and there is no reason to internally expand it. This
+ helps both performance and avoids command line argument limit on
+ some platforms.
+ (merge 7288e12cce jk/add-i-use-pathspecs later to maint).
+
+ * "git status --porcelain" is supposed to give a stable output, but a
+ few strings were left as translatable by mistake.
+
+ * "git revert -m 0 $merge_commit" complained that reverting a merge
+ needs to say relative to which parent the reversion needs to
+ happen, as if "-m 0" weren't given. The correct diagnosis is that
+ "-m 0" does not refer to the first parent ("-m 1" does). This has
+ been fixed.
+
+ * Code to read submodule.<name>.ignore config did not state the
+ variable name correctly when giving an error message diagnosing
+ misconfiguration.
+
+ * Fix for NO_PTHREADS build.
+
+ * Fix for potential segv introduced in v2.11.0 and later (also
+ v2.10.2) to "git log --pickaxe-regex -S".
+
+ * A few unterminated here documents in tests were fixed, which in
+ turn revealed incorrect expectations the tests make. These tests
+ have been updated.
+
+ * Fix for NO_PTHREADS option.
+ (merge 2225e1ea20 bw/grep-recurse-submodules later to maint).
+
+ * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup
+ sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository. A corner case that
+ happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG").
+ (merge b1ef400eec jk/no-looking-at-dotgit-outside-repo-final later to maint).
+
+ * A few commands that recently learned the "--recurse-submodule"
+ option misbehaved when started from a subdirectory of the
+ superproject.
+ (merge b2dfeb7c00 bw/recurse-submodules-relative-fix later to maint).
+
+ * FreeBSD implementation of getcwd(3) behaved differently when an
+ intermediate directory is unreadable/unsearchable depending on the
+ length of the buffer provided, which our strbuf_getcwd() was not
+ aware of. strbuf_getcwd() has been taught to cope with it better.
+ (merge a54e938e5b rs/freebsd-getcwd-workaround later to maint).
+
+ * A recent update to "rebase -i" stopped running hooks for the "git
+ commit" command during "reword" action, which has been fixed.
+
+ * Removing an entry from a notes tree and then looking another note
+ entry from the resulting tree using the internal notes API
+ functions did not work as expected. No in-tree users of the API
+ has such access pattern, but it still is worth fixing.
+
+ * "git receive-pack" could have been forced to die by attempting
+ allocate an unreasonably large amount of memory with a crafted push
+ certificate; this has been fixed.
+ (merge f2214dede9 bc/push-cert-receive-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Update error handling for codepath that deals with corrupt loose
+ objects.
+ (merge 51054177b3 jk/loose-object-info-report-error later to maint).
+
+ * "git diff --submodule=diff" learned to work better in a project
+ with a submodule that in turn has its own submodules.
+ (merge 17b254cda6 sb/show-diff-for-submodule-in-diff-fix later to maint).
+
+ * Update the build dependency so that an update to /usr/bin/perl
+ etc. result in recomputation of perl.mak file.
+ (merge c59c4939c2 ab/regen-perl-mak-with-different-perl later to maint).
+
+ * "git push --recurse-submodules --push-option=<string>" learned to
+ propagate the push option recursively down to pushes in submodules.
+
+ * If a patch e-mail had its first paragraph after an in-body header
+ indented (even after a blank line after the in-body header line),
+ the indented line was mistook as a continuation of the in-body
+ header. This has been fixed.
+ (merge fd1062e52e lt/mailinfo-in-body-header-continuation later to maint).
+
+ * Clean up fallouts from recent tightening of the set-up sequence,
+ where Git barfs when repository information is accessed without
+ first ensuring that it was started in a repository.
+ (merge bccb22cbb1 jk/no-looking-at-dotgit-outside-repo later to maint).
+
+ * "git p4" used "name-rev HEAD" when it wants to learn what branch is
+ checked out; it should use "symbolic-ref HEAD".
+ (merge eff451101d ld/p4-current-branch-fix later to maint).
+
+ * "http.proxy" set to an empty string is used to disable the usage of
+ proxy. We broke this early last year.
+ (merge ae51d91105 sr/http-proxy-configuration-fix later to maint).
+
+ * $GIT_DIR may in some cases be normalized with all symlinks resolved
+ while "gitdir" path expansion in the pattern does not receive the
+ same treatment, leading to incorrect mismatch. This has been fixed.
+
+ * "git submodule" script does not work well with strange pathnames.
+ Protect it from a path with slashes in them, at least.
+
+ * "git fetch-pack" was not prepared to accept ERR packet that the
+ upload-pack can send with a human-readable error message. It
+ showed the packet contents with ERR prefix, so there was no data
+ loss, but it was redundant to say "ERR" in an error message.
+ (merge 8e2c7bef03 jt/fetch-pack-error-reporting later to maint).
+
+ * "ls-files --recurse-submodules" did not quite work well in a
+ project with nested submodules.
+
+ * gethostname(2) may not NUL terminate the buffer if hostname does
+ not fit; unfortunately there is no easy way to see if our buffer
+ was too small, but at least this will make sure we will not end up
+ using garbage past the end of the buffer.
+ (merge 5781a9a270 dt/xgethostname-nul-termination later to maint).
+
+ * A recent update broke "git add -p ../foo" from a subdirectory.
+
+ * While handy, "git_path()" is a dangerous function to use as a
+ callsite that uses it safely one day can be broken by changes
+ to other code that calls it. Reduction of its use continues.
+ (merge 16d2676c9e jk/war-on-git-path later to maint).
+
+ * The split-index code configuration code used an unsafe git_path()
+ function without copying its result out.
+
+ * Many stale HTTP(s) links have been updated in our documentation.
+ (merge 613416f0be jk/update-links-in-docs later to maint).
+
+ * "git-shell" rejects a request to serve a repository whose name
+ begins with a dash, which makes it no longer possible to get it
+ confused into spawning service programs like "git-upload-pack" with
+ an option like "--help", which in turn would spawn an interactive
+ pager, instead of working with the repository user asked to access
+ (i.e. the one whose name is "--help").
* Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups.
- (merge 2cfa83574c mm/two-more-xstrfmt later to maint).
- (merge b803ae4427 ps/docs-diffcore later to maint).
- (merge bcd886d897 ew/markdown-url-in-readme later to maint).
- (merge b2d593a779 rj/remove-unused-mktemp later to maint).
- (merge 3255e512a8 jk/ewah-use-right-type-in-sizeof later to maint).
+ (merge df2a6e38b7 jk/pager-in-use later to maint).
+ (merge 75ec4a6cb0 ab/branch-list-doc later to maint).
+ (merge 3e5b36c637 sg/skip-prefix-in-prettify-refname later to maint).
+ (merge 2c5e2865cc jk/fast-import-cleanup later to maint).
+ (merge 4473060bc2 ab/test-readme-updates later to maint).
+ (merge 48a96972fd ab/doc-submitting later to maint).
+ (merge f5c2bc2b96 jk/make-coccicheck-detect-errors later to maint).
+ (merge c105f563d1 cc/untracked later to maint).
+ (merge 8668976b53 jc/unused-symbols later to maint).
+ (merge fba275dc93 jc/bs-t-is-not-a-tab-for-sed later to maint).
+ (merge be6ed145de mm/ls-files-s-doc later to maint).
+ (merge 60b091c679 qp/bisect-docfix later to maint).
+ (merge 47242cd103 ah/diff-files-ours-theirs-doc later to maint).
+ (merge 35ad44cbd8 sb/submodule-rm-absorb later to maint).
+ (merge 0301f1fd92 va/i18n-perl-scripts later to maint).
+ (merge 733e064d98 vn/revision-shorthand-for-side-branch-log later to maint).
+ (merge 85999743e7 tb/doc-eol-normalization later to maint).
+ (merge 0747fb49fd jk/loose-object-fsck later to maint).
+ (merge d8f4481c4f jk/quarantine-received-objects later to maint).
+ (merge 7ba1ceef95 xy/format-patch-base later to maint).
+ (merge fa1912c89a rs/misc-cppcheck-fixes later to maint).
+ (merge f17d642d3b ab/push-cas-doc-n-test later to maint).
+ (merge 61e282425a ss/gitmodules-ignore-doc later to maint).
+ (merge 8d3047cd5b ss/submodule-shallow-doc later to maint).
+ (merge 1f9e18b772 jk/prio-queue-avoid-swap-with-self later to maint).
+ (merge 627fde1025 jk/submodule-init-segv-fix later to maint).
+ (merge d395745d81 rg/doc-pull-typofix later to maint).
+ (merge 01e60a9a22 rg/doc-submittingpatches-wordfix later to maint).
+ (merge 501d3cd7b8 sr/hooks-cwd-doc later to maint).