# in utf-8 thanks to "binmode STDOUT, ':utf8'" at beginning
sub to_utf8 {
my $str = shift;
+ return undef unless defined $str;
if (utf8::valid($str)) {
utf8::decode($str);
return $str;
# correct, but quoted slashes look too horrible in bookmarks
sub esc_param {
my $str = shift;
+ return undef unless defined $str;
$str =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.~()\/:@ ]+)/CGI::escape($1)/eg;
$str =~ s/ /\+/g;
return $str;
# quote unsafe chars in whole URL, so some charactrs cannot be quoted
sub esc_url {
my $str = shift;
+ return undef unless defined $str;
$str =~ s/([^A-Za-z0-9\-_.~();\/;?:@&=])/sprintf("%%%02X", ord($1))/eg;
$str =~ s/\+/%2B/g;
$str =~ s/ /\+/g;
my $str = shift;
my %opts = @_;
+ return undef unless defined $str;
+
$str = to_utf8($str);
$str = $cgi->escapeHTML($str);
if ($opts{'-nbsp'}) {
my $str = shift;
my %opts = @_;
+ return undef unless defined $str;
+
$str = to_utf8($str);
$str = $cgi->escapeHTML($str);
if ($opts{'-nbsp'}) {
"</html>";
}
-# die_error(<http_status_code>, <error_message>)
+# die_error(<http_status_code>, <error_message>[, <detailed_html_description>])
# Example: die_error(404, 'Hash not found')
# By convention, use the following status codes (as defined in RFC 2616):
# 400: Invalid or missing CGI parameters, or
# or down for maintenance). Generally, this is a temporary state.
sub die_error {
my $status = shift || 500;
- my $error = shift || "Internal server error";
+ my $error = esc_html(shift) || "Internal Server Error";
my $extra = shift;
my %http_responses = (