Merge branch 'mh/reporting-broken-refs-from-for-each-ref' into maint
authorJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Mon, 3 Aug 2015 17:41:31 +0000 (10:41 -0700)
committerJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Mon, 3 Aug 2015 17:41:31 +0000 (10:41 -0700)
"git for-each-ref" reported "missing object" for 0{40} when it
encounters a broken ref. The lack of object whose name is 0{40} is
not the problem; the ref being broken is.

* mh/reporting-broken-refs-from-for-each-ref:
read_loose_refs(): treat NULL_SHA1 loose references as broken
read_loose_refs(): simplify function logic
for-each-ref: report broken references correctly
t6301: new tests of for-each-ref error handling

1  2 
builtin/for-each-ref.c
refs.c
diff --combined builtin/for-each-ref.c
index 83f9cf91633a514e9301762fe774ee91be092848,4a15f568f116fe797d257274ce0782be9e4e8aeb..13d217240a641586f9dc48bb5d85ea8104224aba
@@@ -851,6 -851,11 +851,11 @@@ static int grab_single_ref(const char *
                  return 0;
        }
  
+       if (flag & REF_ISBROKEN) {
+                 warning("ignoring broken ref %s", refname);
+                 return 0;
+       }
        if (*cb->grab_pattern) {
                const char **pattern;
                int namelen = strlen(refname);
@@@ -1060,7 -1065,7 +1065,7 @@@ static int opt_parse_sort(const struct 
  }
  
  static char const * const for_each_ref_usage[] = {
 -      N_("git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"),
 +      N_("git for-each-ref [<options>] [<pattern>]"),
        NULL
  };
  
diff --combined refs.c
index 67d6745e28ca44be1042e0ac41f9577ae6f8619b,07f8847e6d78423a4b70b9e66d6ddfe97845e421..305bb54169b41cfb53c2eff260cb6cd80f1810c4
--- 1/refs.c
--- 2/refs.c
+++ b/refs.c
@@@ -6,14 -6,6 +6,14 @@@
  #include "dir.h"
  #include "string-list.h"
  
 +struct ref_lock {
 +      char *ref_name;
 +      char *orig_ref_name;
 +      struct lock_file *lk;
 +      unsigned char old_sha1[20];
 +      int lock_fd;
 +};
 +
  /*
   * How to handle various characters in refnames:
   * 0: An acceptable character for refs
@@@ -34,35 -26,10 +34,35 @@@ static unsigned char refname_dispositio
  };
  
  /*
 - * Used as a flag to ref_transaction_delete when a loose ref is being
 + * Flag passed to lock_ref_sha1_basic() telling it to tolerate broken
 + * refs (i.e., because the reference is about to be deleted anyway).
 + */
 +#define REF_DELETING  0x02
 +
 +/*
 + * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when a loose ref is being
   * pruned.
   */
 -#define REF_ISPRUNING 0x0100
 +#define REF_ISPRUNING 0x04
 +
 +/*
 + * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when the reference should be
 + * updated to new_sha1.
 + */
 +#define REF_HAVE_NEW  0x08
 +
 +/*
 + * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when old_sha1 should be
 + * checked.
 + */
 +#define REF_HAVE_OLD  0x10
 +
 +/*
 + * Used as a flag in ref_update::flags when the lockfile needs to be
 + * committed.
 + */
 +#define REF_NEEDS_COMMIT 0x20
 +
  /*
   * Try to read one refname component from the front of refname.
   * Return the length of the component found, or -1 if the component is
@@@ -269,7 -236,7 +269,7 @@@ struct ref_dir 
   * presence of an empty subdirectory does not block the creation of a
   * similarly-named reference.  (The fact that reference names with the
   * same leading components can conflict *with each other* is a
 - * separate issue that is regulated by is_refname_available().)
 + * separate issue that is regulated by verify_refname_available().)
   *
   * Please note that the name field contains the fully-qualified
   * reference (or subdirectory) name.  Space could be saved by only
@@@ -847,181 -814,121 +847,181 @@@ static void prime_ref_dir(struct ref_di
        }
  }
  
 -static int entry_matches(struct ref_entry *entry, const struct string_list *list)
 -{
 -      return list && string_list_has_string(list, entry->name);
 -}
 -
  struct nonmatching_ref_data {
        const struct string_list *skip;
 -      struct ref_entry *found;
 +      const char *conflicting_refname;
  };
  
  static int nonmatching_ref_fn(struct ref_entry *entry, void *vdata)
  {
        struct nonmatching_ref_data *data = vdata;
  
 -      if (entry_matches(entry, data->skip))
 +      if (data->skip && string_list_has_string(data->skip, entry->name))
                return 0;
  
 -      data->found = entry;
 +      data->conflicting_refname = entry->name;
        return 1;
  }
  
 -static void report_refname_conflict(struct ref_entry *entry,
 -                                  const char *refname)
 -{
 -      error("'%s' exists; cannot create '%s'", entry->name, refname);
 -}
 -
  /*
 - * Return true iff a reference named refname could be created without
 - * conflicting with the name of an existing reference in dir.  If
 - * skip is non-NULL, ignore potential conflicts with refs in skip
 - * (e.g., because they are scheduled for deletion in the same
 - * operation).
 + * Return 0 if a reference named refname could be created without
 + * conflicting with the name of an existing reference in dir.
 + * Otherwise, return a negative value and write an explanation to err.
 + * If extras is non-NULL, it is a list of additional refnames with
 + * which refname is not allowed to conflict. If skip is non-NULL,
 + * ignore potential conflicts with refs in skip (e.g., because they
 + * are scheduled for deletion in the same operation). Behavior is
 + * undefined if the same name is listed in both extras and skip.
   *
   * Two reference names conflict if one of them exactly matches the
 - * leading components of the other; e.g., "foo/bar" conflicts with
 - * both "foo" and with "foo/bar/baz" but not with "foo/bar" or
 - * "foo/barbados".
 + * leading components of the other; e.g., "refs/foo/bar" conflicts
 + * with both "refs/foo" and with "refs/foo/bar/baz" but not with
 + * "refs/foo/bar" or "refs/foo/barbados".
   *
 - * skip must be sorted.
 + * extras and skip must be sorted.
   */
 -static int is_refname_available(const char *refname,
 -                              const struct string_list *skip,
 -                              struct ref_dir *dir)
 +static int verify_refname_available(const char *refname,
 +                                  const struct string_list *extras,
 +                                  const struct string_list *skip,
 +                                  struct ref_dir *dir,
 +                                  struct strbuf *err)
  {
        const char *slash;
 -      size_t len;
        int pos;
 -      char *dirname;
 +      struct strbuf dirname = STRBUF_INIT;
 +      int ret = -1;
  
 +      /*
 +       * For the sake of comments in this function, suppose that
 +       * refname is "refs/foo/bar".
 +       */
 +
 +      assert(err);
 +
 +      strbuf_grow(&dirname, strlen(refname) + 1);
        for (slash = strchr(refname, '/'); slash; slash = strchr(slash + 1, '/')) {
 +              /* Expand dirname to the new prefix, not including the trailing slash: */
 +              strbuf_add(&dirname, refname + dirname.len, slash - refname - dirname.len);
 +
                /*
 -               * We are still at a leading dir of the refname; we are
 -               * looking for a conflict with a leaf entry.
 -               *
 -               * If we find one, we still must make sure it is
 -               * not in "skip".
 +               * We are still at a leading dir of the refname (e.g.,
 +               * "refs/foo"; if there is a reference with that name,
 +               * it is a conflict, *unless* it is in skip.
                 */
 -              pos = search_ref_dir(dir, refname, slash - refname);
 -              if (pos >= 0) {
 -                      struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[pos];
 -                      if (entry_matches(entry, skip))
 -                              return 1;
 -                      report_refname_conflict(entry, refname);
 -                      return 0;
 +              if (dir) {
 +                      pos = search_ref_dir(dir, dirname.buf, dirname.len);
 +                      if (pos >= 0 &&
 +                          (!skip || !string_list_has_string(skip, dirname.buf))) {
 +                              /*
 +                               * We found a reference whose name is
 +                               * a proper prefix of refname; e.g.,
 +                               * "refs/foo", and is not in skip.
 +                               */
 +                              strbuf_addf(err, "'%s' exists; cannot create '%s'",
 +                                          dirname.buf, refname);
 +                              goto cleanup;
 +                      }
                }
  
 +              if (extras && string_list_has_string(extras, dirname.buf) &&
 +                  (!skip || !string_list_has_string(skip, dirname.buf))) {
 +                      strbuf_addf(err, "cannot process '%s' and '%s' at the same time",
 +                                  refname, dirname.buf);
 +                      goto cleanup;
 +              }
  
                /*
                 * Otherwise, we can try to continue our search with
 -               * the next component; if we come up empty, we know
 -               * there is nothing under this whole prefix.
 +               * the next component. So try to look up the
 +               * directory, e.g., "refs/foo/". If we come up empty,
 +               * we know there is nothing under this whole prefix,
 +               * but even in that case we still have to continue the
 +               * search for conflicts with extras.
                 */
 -              pos = search_ref_dir(dir, refname, slash + 1 - refname);
 -              if (pos < 0)
 -                      return 1;
 -
 -              dir = get_ref_dir(dir->entries[pos]);
 +              strbuf_addch(&dirname, '/');
 +              if (dir) {
 +                      pos = search_ref_dir(dir, dirname.buf, dirname.len);
 +                      if (pos < 0) {
 +                              /*
 +                               * There was no directory "refs/foo/",
 +                               * so there is nothing under this
 +                               * whole prefix. So there is no need
 +                               * to continue looking for conflicting
 +                               * references. But we need to continue
 +                               * looking for conflicting extras.
 +                               */
 +                              dir = NULL;
 +                      } else {
 +                              dir = get_ref_dir(dir->entries[pos]);
 +                      }
 +              }
        }
  
        /*
 -       * We are at the leaf of our refname; we want to
 -       * make sure there are no directories which match it.
 +       * We are at the leaf of our refname (e.g., "refs/foo/bar").
 +       * There is no point in searching for a reference with that
 +       * name, because a refname isn't considered to conflict with
 +       * itself. But we still need to check for references whose
 +       * names are in the "refs/foo/bar/" namespace, because they
 +       * *do* conflict.
         */
 -      len = strlen(refname);
 -      dirname = xmallocz(len + 1);
 -      sprintf(dirname, "%s/", refname);
 -      pos = search_ref_dir(dir, dirname, len + 1);
 -      free(dirname);
 +      strbuf_addstr(&dirname, refname + dirname.len);
 +      strbuf_addch(&dirname, '/');
 +
 +      if (dir) {
 +              pos = search_ref_dir(dir, dirname.buf, dirname.len);
 +
 +              if (pos >= 0) {
 +                      /*
 +                       * We found a directory named "$refname/"
 +                       * (e.g., "refs/foo/bar/"). It is a problem
 +                       * iff it contains any ref that is not in
 +                       * "skip".
 +                       */
 +                      struct nonmatching_ref_data data;
 +
 +                      data.skip = skip;
 +                      data.conflicting_refname = NULL;
 +                      dir = get_ref_dir(dir->entries[pos]);
 +                      sort_ref_dir(dir);
 +                      if (do_for_each_entry_in_dir(dir, 0, nonmatching_ref_fn, &data)) {
 +                              strbuf_addf(err, "'%s' exists; cannot create '%s'",
 +                                          data.conflicting_refname, refname);
 +                              goto cleanup;
 +                      }
 +              }
 +      }
  
 -      if (pos >= 0) {
 +      if (extras) {
                /*
 -               * We found a directory named "refname". It is a
 -               * problem iff it contains any ref that is not
 -               * in "skip".
 +               * Check for entries in extras that start with
 +               * "$refname/". We do that by looking for the place
 +               * where "$refname/" would be inserted in extras. If
 +               * there is an entry at that position that starts with
 +               * "$refname/" and is not in skip, then we have a
 +               * conflict.
                 */
 -              struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[pos];
 -              struct ref_dir *dir = get_ref_dir(entry);
 -              struct nonmatching_ref_data data;
 +              for (pos = string_list_find_insert_index(extras, dirname.buf, 0);
 +                   pos < extras->nr; pos++) {
 +                      const char *extra_refname = extras->items[pos].string;
  
 -              data.skip = skip;
 -              sort_ref_dir(dir);
 -              if (!do_for_each_entry_in_dir(dir, 0, nonmatching_ref_fn, &data))
 -                      return 1;
 +                      if (!starts_with(extra_refname, dirname.buf))
 +                              break;
  
 -              report_refname_conflict(data.found, refname);
 -              return 0;
 +                      if (!skip || !string_list_has_string(skip, extra_refname)) {
 +                              strbuf_addf(err, "cannot process '%s' and '%s' at the same time",
 +                                          refname, extra_refname);
 +                              goto cleanup;
 +                      }
 +              }
        }
  
 -      /*
 -       * There is no point in searching for another leaf
 -       * node which matches it; such an entry would be the
 -       * ref we are looking for, not a conflict.
 -       */
 -      return 1;
 +      /* No conflicts were found */
 +      ret = 0;
 +
 +cleanup:
 +      strbuf_release(&dirname);
 +      return ret;
  }
  
  struct packed_ref_cache {
@@@ -1374,19 -1281,34 +1374,34 @@@ static void read_loose_refs(const char 
                                         create_dir_entry(refs, refname.buf,
                                                          refname.len, 1));
                } else {
+                       int read_ok;
                        if (*refs->name) {
                                hashclr(sha1);
                                flag = 0;
-                               if (resolve_gitlink_ref(refs->name, refname.buf, sha1) < 0) {
-                                       hashclr(sha1);
-                                       flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
-                               }
-                       } else if (read_ref_full(refname.buf,
-                                                RESOLVE_REF_READING,
-                                                sha1, &flag)) {
+                               read_ok = !resolve_gitlink_ref(refs->name,
+                                                              refname.buf, sha1);
+                       } else {
+                               read_ok = !read_ref_full(refname.buf,
+                                                        RESOLVE_REF_READING,
+                                                        sha1, &flag);
+                       }
+                       if (!read_ok) {
                                hashclr(sha1);
                                flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
+                       } else if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
+                               /*
+                                * It is so astronomically unlikely
+                                * that NULL_SHA1 is the SHA-1 of an
+                                * actual object that we consider its
+                                * appearance in a loose reference
+                                * file to be repo corruption
+                                * (probably due to a software bug).
+                                */
+                               flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
                        }
                        if (check_refname_format(refname.buf,
                                                 REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
                                hashclr(sha1);
@@@ -2191,16 -2113,6 +2206,16 @@@ int refname_match(const char *abbrev_na
        return 0;
  }
  
 +static void unlock_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
 +{
 +      /* Do not free lock->lk -- atexit() still looks at them */
 +      if (lock->lk)
 +              rollback_lock_file(lock->lk);
 +      free(lock->ref_name);
 +      free(lock->orig_ref_name);
 +      free(lock);
 +}
 +
  /* This function should make sure errno is meaningful on error */
  static struct ref_lock *verify_lock(struct ref_lock *lock,
        const unsigned char *old_sha1, int mustexist)
@@@ -2337,10 -2249,8 +2352,10 @@@ int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, 
   */
  static struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1_basic(const char *refname,
                                            const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 +                                          const struct string_list *extras,
                                            const struct string_list *skip,
 -                                          int flags, int *type_p)
 +                                          unsigned int flags, int *type_p,
 +                                          struct strbuf *err)
  {
        char *ref_file;
        const char *orig_refname = refname;
        int type, lflags;
        int mustexist = (old_sha1 && !is_null_sha1(old_sha1));
        int resolve_flags = 0;
 -      int missing = 0;
        int attempts_remaining = 3;
  
 +      assert(err);
 +
        lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_lock));
        lock->lock_fd = -1;
  
                ref_file = git_path("%s", orig_refname);
                if (remove_empty_directories(ref_file)) {
                        last_errno = errno;
 -                      error("there are still refs under '%s'", orig_refname);
 +
 +                      if (!verify_refname_available(orig_refname, extras, skip,
 +                                                    get_loose_refs(&ref_cache), err))
 +                              strbuf_addf(err, "there are still refs under '%s'",
 +                                          orig_refname);
 +
                        goto error_return;
                }
                refname = resolve_ref_unsafe(orig_refname, resolve_flags,
            *type_p = type;
        if (!refname) {
                last_errno = errno;
 -              error("unable to resolve reference %s: %s",
 -                      orig_refname, strerror(errno));
 +              if (last_errno != ENOTDIR ||
 +                  !verify_refname_available(orig_refname, extras, skip,
 +                                            get_loose_refs(&ref_cache), err))
 +                      strbuf_addf(err, "unable to resolve reference %s: %s",
 +                                  orig_refname, strerror(last_errno));
 +
                goto error_return;
        }
 -      missing = is_null_sha1(lock->old_sha1);
 -      /* When the ref did not exist and we are creating it,
 -       * make sure there is no existing ref that is packed
 -       * whose name begins with our refname, nor a ref whose
 -       * name is a proper prefix of our refname.
 +      /*
 +       * If the ref did not exist and we are creating it, make sure
 +       * there is no existing packed ref whose name begins with our
 +       * refname, nor a packed ref whose name is a proper prefix of
 +       * our refname.
         */
 -      if (missing &&
 -           !is_refname_available(refname, skip, get_packed_refs(&ref_cache))) {
 +      if (is_null_sha1(lock->old_sha1) &&
 +          verify_refname_available(refname, extras, skip,
 +                                   get_packed_refs(&ref_cache), err)) {
                last_errno = ENOTDIR;
                goto error_return;
        }
        lock->ref_name = xstrdup(refname);
        lock->orig_ref_name = xstrdup(orig_refname);
        ref_file = git_path("%s", refname);
 -      if (missing)
 -              lock->force_write = 1;
 -      if ((flags & REF_NODEREF) && (type & REF_ISSYMREF))
 -              lock->force_write = 1;
  
   retry:
        switch (safe_create_leading_directories(ref_file)) {
                /* fall through */
        default:
                last_errno = errno;
 -              error("unable to create directory for %s", ref_file);
 +              strbuf_addf(err, "unable to create directory for %s", ref_file);
                goto error_return;
        }
  
                         */
                        goto retry;
                else {
 -                      struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 -                      unable_to_lock_message(ref_file, errno, &err);
 -                      error("%s", err.buf);
 -                      strbuf_release(&err);
 +                      unable_to_lock_message(ref_file, errno, err);
                        goto error_return;
                }
        }
        return NULL;
  }
  
 -struct ref_lock *lock_any_ref_for_update(const char *refname,
 -                                       const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 -                                       int flags, int *type_p)
 -{
 -      return lock_ref_sha1_basic(refname, old_sha1, NULL, flags, type_p);
 -}
 -
  /*
   * Write an entry to the packed-refs file for the specified refname.
   * If peeled is non-NULL, write it as the entry's peeled value.
@@@ -2658,7 -2571,7 +2673,7 @@@ static void prune_ref(struct ref_to_pru
        transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
        if (!transaction ||
            ref_transaction_delete(transaction, r->name, r->sha1,
 -                                 REF_ISPRUNING, 1, NULL, &err) ||
 +                                 REF_ISPRUNING, NULL, &err) ||
            ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err)) {
                ref_transaction_free(transaction);
                error("%s", err.buf);
@@@ -2763,16 -2676,15 +2778,16 @@@ static int delete_ref_loose(struct ref_
        return 0;
  }
  
 -int delete_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int delopt)
 +int delete_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int flags)
  {
        struct ref_transaction *transaction;
        struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
  
        transaction = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
        if (!transaction ||
 -          ref_transaction_delete(transaction, refname, sha1, delopt,
 -                                 sha1 && !is_null_sha1(sha1), NULL, &err) ||
 +          ref_transaction_delete(transaction, refname,
 +                                 (sha1 && !is_null_sha1(sha1)) ? sha1 : NULL,
 +                                 flags, NULL, &err) ||
            ref_transaction_commit(transaction, &err)) {
                error("%s", err.buf);
                ref_transaction_free(transaction);
@@@ -2841,25 -2753,17 +2856,25 @@@ static int rename_tmp_log(const char *n
  static int rename_ref_available(const char *oldname, const char *newname)
  {
        struct string_list skip = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 +      struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
        int ret;
  
        string_list_insert(&skip, oldname);
 -      ret = is_refname_available(newname, &skip, get_packed_refs(&ref_cache))
 -          && is_refname_available(newname, &skip, get_loose_refs(&ref_cache));
 +      ret = !verify_refname_available(newname, NULL, &skip,
 +                                      get_packed_refs(&ref_cache), &err)
 +              && !verify_refname_available(newname, NULL, &skip,
 +                                           get_loose_refs(&ref_cache), &err);
 +      if (!ret)
 +              error("%s", err.buf);
 +
        string_list_clear(&skip, 0);
 +      strbuf_release(&err);
        return ret;
  }
  
 -static int write_ref_sha1(struct ref_lock *lock, const unsigned char *sha1,
 -                        const char *logmsg);
 +static int write_ref_to_lockfile(struct ref_lock *lock, const unsigned char *sha1);
 +static int commit_ref_update(struct ref_lock *lock,
 +                           const unsigned char *sha1, const char *logmsg);
  
  int rename_ref(const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname, const char *logmsg)
  {
        struct stat loginfo;
        int log = !lstat(git_path("logs/%s", oldrefname), &loginfo);
        const char *symref = NULL;
 +      struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
  
        if (log && S_ISLNK(loginfo.st_mode))
                return error("reflog for %s is a symlink", oldrefname);
  
        logmoved = log;
  
 -      lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(newrefname, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
 +      lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(newrefname, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, &err);
        if (!lock) {
 -              error("unable to lock %s for update", newrefname);
 +              error("unable to rename '%s' to '%s': %s", oldrefname, newrefname, err.buf);
 +              strbuf_release(&err);
                goto rollback;
        }
 -      lock->force_write = 1;
        hashcpy(lock->old_sha1, orig_sha1);
 -      if (write_ref_sha1(lock, orig_sha1, logmsg)) {
 +
 +      if (write_ref_to_lockfile(lock, orig_sha1) ||
 +          commit_ref_update(lock, orig_sha1, logmsg)) {
                error("unable to write current sha1 into %s", newrefname);
                goto rollback;
        }
        return 0;
  
   rollback:
 -      lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(oldrefname, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL);
 +      lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(oldrefname, NULL, NULL, NULL, 0, NULL, &err);
        if (!lock) {
 -              error("unable to lock %s for rollback", oldrefname);
 +              error("unable to lock %s for rollback: %s", oldrefname, err.buf);
 +              strbuf_release(&err);
                goto rollbacklog;
        }
  
 -      lock->force_write = 1;
        flag = log_all_ref_updates;
        log_all_ref_updates = 0;
 -      if (write_ref_sha1(lock, orig_sha1, NULL))
 +      if (write_ref_to_lockfile(lock, orig_sha1) ||
 +          commit_ref_update(lock, orig_sha1, NULL))
                error("unable to write current sha1 into %s", oldrefname);
        log_all_ref_updates = flag;
  
        return 1;
  }
  
 -int close_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
 +static int close_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
  {
        if (close_lock_file(lock->lk))
                return -1;
        return 0;
  }
  
 -int commit_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
 +static int commit_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
  {
        if (commit_lock_file(lock->lk))
                return -1;
        return 0;
  }
  
 -void unlock_ref(struct ref_lock *lock)
 -{
 -      /* Do not free lock->lk -- atexit() still looks at them */
 -      if (lock->lk)
 -              rollback_lock_file(lock->lk);
 -      free(lock->ref_name);
 -      free(lock->orig_ref_name);
 -      free(lock);
 -}
 -
  /*
   * copy the reflog message msg to buf, which has been allocated sufficiently
   * large, while cleaning up the whitespaces.  Especially, convert LF to space,
@@@ -3047,37 -2957,15 +3062,37 @@@ int log_ref_setup(const char *refname, 
        return 0;
  }
  
 +static int log_ref_write_fd(int fd, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 +                          const unsigned char *new_sha1,
 +                          const char *committer, const char *msg)
 +{
 +      int msglen, written;
 +      unsigned maxlen, len;
 +      char *logrec;
 +
 +      msglen = msg ? strlen(msg) : 0;
 +      maxlen = strlen(committer) + msglen + 100;
 +      logrec = xmalloc(maxlen);
 +      len = sprintf(logrec, "%s %s %s\n",
 +                    sha1_to_hex(old_sha1),
 +                    sha1_to_hex(new_sha1),
 +                    committer);
 +      if (msglen)
 +              len += copy_msg(logrec + len - 1, msg) - 1;
 +
 +      written = len <= maxlen ? write_in_full(fd, logrec, len) : -1;
 +      free(logrec);
 +      if (written != len)
 +              return -1;
 +
 +      return 0;
 +}
 +
  static int log_ref_write(const char *refname, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
                         const unsigned char *new_sha1, const char *msg)
  {
 -      int logfd, result, written, oflags = O_APPEND | O_WRONLY;
 -      unsigned maxlen, len;
 -      int msglen;
 +      int logfd, result, oflags = O_APPEND | O_WRONLY;
        char log_file[PATH_MAX];
 -      char *logrec;
 -      const char *committer;
  
        if (log_all_ref_updates < 0)
                log_all_ref_updates = !is_bare_repository();
        logfd = open(log_file, oflags);
        if (logfd < 0)
                return 0;
 -      msglen = msg ? strlen(msg) : 0;
 -      committer = git_committer_info(0);
 -      maxlen = strlen(committer) + msglen + 100;
 -      logrec = xmalloc(maxlen);
 -      len = sprintf(logrec, "%s %s %s\n",
 -                    sha1_to_hex(old_sha1),
 -                    sha1_to_hex(new_sha1),
 -                    committer);
 -      if (msglen)
 -              len += copy_msg(logrec + len - 1, msg) - 1;
 -      written = len <= maxlen ? write_in_full(logfd, logrec, len) : -1;
 -      free(logrec);
 -      if (written != len) {
 +      result = log_ref_write_fd(logfd, old_sha1, new_sha1,
 +                                git_committer_info(0), msg);
 +      if (result) {
                int save_errno = errno;
                close(logfd);
                error("Unable to append to %s", log_file);
@@@ -3113,15 -3011,23 +3128,15 @@@ int is_branch(const char *refname
  }
  
  /*
 - * Write sha1 into the ref specified by the lock. Make sure that errno
 - * is sane on error.
 + * Write sha1 into the open lockfile, then close the lockfile. On
 + * errors, rollback the lockfile and set errno to reflect the problem.
   */
 -static int write_ref_sha1(struct ref_lock *lock,
 -      const unsigned char *sha1, const char *logmsg)
 +static int write_ref_to_lockfile(struct ref_lock *lock,
 +                               const unsigned char *sha1)
  {
        static char term = '\n';
        struct object *o;
  
 -      if (!lock) {
 -              errno = EINVAL;
 -              return -1;
 -      }
 -      if (!lock->force_write && !hashcmp(lock->old_sha1, sha1)) {
 -              unlock_ref(lock);
 -              return 0;
 -      }
        o = parse_object(sha1);
        if (!o) {
                error("Trying to write ref %s with nonexistent object %s",
                errno = save_errno;
                return -1;
        }
 +      return 0;
 +}
 +
 +/*
 + * Commit a change to a loose reference that has already been written
 + * to the loose reference lockfile. Also update the reflogs if
 + * necessary, using the specified lockmsg (which can be NULL).
 + */
 +static int commit_ref_update(struct ref_lock *lock,
 +                           const unsigned char *sha1, const char *logmsg)
 +{
        clear_loose_ref_cache(&ref_cache);
        if (log_ref_write(lock->ref_name, lock->old_sha1, sha1, logmsg) < 0 ||
            (strcmp(lock->ref_name, lock->orig_ref_name) &&
@@@ -3602,27 -3497,16 +3617,27 @@@ int for_each_reflog(each_ref_fn fn, voi
  }
  
  /**
 - * Information needed for a single ref update.  Set new_sha1 to the
 - * new value or to zero to delete the ref.  To check the old value
 - * while locking the ref, set have_old to 1 and set old_sha1 to the
 - * value or to zero to ensure the ref does not exist before update.
 + * Information needed for a single ref update. Set new_sha1 to the new
 + * value or to null_sha1 to delete the ref. To check the old value
 + * while the ref is locked, set (flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) and set
 + * old_sha1 to the old value, or to null_sha1 to ensure the ref does
 + * not exist before update.
   */
  struct ref_update {
 +      /*
 +       * If (flags & REF_HAVE_NEW), set the reference to this value:
 +       */
        unsigned char new_sha1[20];
 +      /*
 +       * If (flags & REF_HAVE_OLD), check that the reference
 +       * previously had this value:
 +       */
        unsigned char old_sha1[20];
 -      int flags; /* REF_NODEREF? */
 -      int have_old; /* 1 if old_sha1 is valid, 0 otherwise */
 +      /*
 +       * One or more of REF_HAVE_NEW, REF_HAVE_OLD, REF_NODEREF,
 +       * REF_DELETING, and REF_ISPRUNING:
 +       */
 +      unsigned int flags;
        struct ref_lock *lock;
        int type;
        char *msg;
@@@ -3694,7 -3578,7 +3709,7 @@@ int ref_transaction_update(struct ref_t
                           const char *refname,
                           const unsigned char *new_sha1,
                           const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 -                         int flags, int have_old, const char *msg,
 +                         unsigned int flags, const char *msg,
                           struct strbuf *err)
  {
        struct ref_update *update;
        if (transaction->state != REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN)
                die("BUG: update called for transaction that is not open");
  
 -      if (have_old && !old_sha1)
 -              die("BUG: have_old is true but old_sha1 is NULL");
 -
 -      if (!is_null_sha1(new_sha1) &&
 +      if (new_sha1 && !is_null_sha1(new_sha1) &&
            check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
                strbuf_addf(err, "refusing to update ref with bad name %s",
                            refname);
        }
  
        update = add_update(transaction, refname);
 -      hashcpy(update->new_sha1, new_sha1);
 -      update->flags = flags;
 -      update->have_old = have_old;
 -      if (have_old)
 +      if (new_sha1) {
 +              hashcpy(update->new_sha1, new_sha1);
 +              flags |= REF_HAVE_NEW;
 +      }
 +      if (old_sha1) {
                hashcpy(update->old_sha1, old_sha1);
 +              flags |= REF_HAVE_OLD;
 +      }
 +      update->flags = flags;
        if (msg)
                update->msg = xstrdup(msg);
        return 0;
  int ref_transaction_create(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
                           const char *refname,
                           const unsigned char *new_sha1,
 -                         int flags, const char *msg,
 +                         unsigned int flags, const char *msg,
                           struct strbuf *err)
  {
 -      struct ref_update *update;
 -
 -      assert(err);
 -
 -      if (transaction->state != REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN)
 -              die("BUG: create called for transaction that is not open");
 -
        if (!new_sha1 || is_null_sha1(new_sha1))
 -              die("BUG: create ref with null new_sha1");
 -
 -      if (check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
 -              strbuf_addf(err, "refusing to create ref with bad name %s",
 -                          refname);
 -              return -1;
 -      }
 -
 -      update = add_update(transaction, refname);
 -
 -      hashcpy(update->new_sha1, new_sha1);
 -      hashclr(update->old_sha1);
 -      update->flags = flags;
 -      update->have_old = 1;
 -      if (msg)
 -              update->msg = xstrdup(msg);
 -      return 0;
 +              die("BUG: create called without valid new_sha1");
 +      return ref_transaction_update(transaction, refname, new_sha1,
 +                                    null_sha1, flags, msg, err);
  }
  
  int ref_transaction_delete(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
                           const char *refname,
                           const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 -                         int flags, int have_old, const char *msg,
 +                         unsigned int flags, const char *msg,
                           struct strbuf *err)
  {
 -      struct ref_update *update;
 -
 -      assert(err);
 -
 -      if (transaction->state != REF_TRANSACTION_OPEN)
 -              die("BUG: delete called for transaction that is not open");
 -
 -      if (have_old && !old_sha1)
 -              die("BUG: have_old is true but old_sha1 is NULL");
 +      if (old_sha1 && is_null_sha1(old_sha1))
 +              die("BUG: delete called with old_sha1 set to zeros");
 +      return ref_transaction_update(transaction, refname,
 +                                    null_sha1, old_sha1,
 +                                    flags, msg, err);
 +}
  
 -      update = add_update(transaction, refname);
 -      update->flags = flags;
 -      update->have_old = have_old;
 -      if (have_old) {
 -              assert(!is_null_sha1(old_sha1));
 -              hashcpy(update->old_sha1, old_sha1);
 -      }
 -      if (msg)
 -              update->msg = xstrdup(msg);
 -      return 0;
 +int ref_transaction_verify(struct ref_transaction *transaction,
 +                         const char *refname,
 +                         const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 +                         unsigned int flags,
 +                         struct strbuf *err)
 +{
 +      if (!old_sha1)
 +              die("BUG: verify called with old_sha1 set to NULL");
 +      return ref_transaction_update(transaction, refname,
 +                                    NULL, old_sha1,
 +                                    flags, NULL, err);
  }
  
 -int update_ref(const char *action, const char *refname,
 -             const unsigned char *sha1, const unsigned char *oldval,
 -             int flags, enum action_on_err onerr)
 +int update_ref(const char *msg, const char *refname,
 +             const unsigned char *new_sha1, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 +             unsigned int flags, enum action_on_err onerr)
  {
        struct ref_transaction *t;
        struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
  
        t = ref_transaction_begin(&err);
        if (!t ||
 -          ref_transaction_update(t, refname, sha1, oldval, flags,
 -                                 !!oldval, action, &err) ||
 +          ref_transaction_update(t, refname, new_sha1, old_sha1,
 +                                 flags, msg, &err) ||
            ref_transaction_commit(t, &err)) {
                const char *str = "update_ref failed for ref '%s': %s";
  
        return 0;
  }
  
 -static int ref_update_compare(const void *r1, const void *r2)
 -{
 -      const struct ref_update * const *u1 = r1;
 -      const struct ref_update * const *u2 = r2;
 -      return strcmp((*u1)->refname, (*u2)->refname);
 -}
 -
 -static int ref_update_reject_duplicates(struct ref_update **updates, int n,
 +static int ref_update_reject_duplicates(struct string_list *refnames,
                                        struct strbuf *err)
  {
 -      int i;
 +      int i, n = refnames->nr;
  
        assert(err);
  
        for (i = 1; i < n; i++)
 -              if (!strcmp(updates[i - 1]->refname, updates[i]->refname)) {
 +              if (!strcmp(refnames->items[i - 1].string, refnames->items[i].string)) {
                        strbuf_addf(err,
                                    "Multiple updates for ref '%s' not allowed.",
 -                                  updates[i]->refname);
 +                                  refnames->items[i].string);
                        return 1;
                }
        return 0;
@@@ -3822,7 -3735,6 +3837,7 @@@ int ref_transaction_commit(struct ref_t
        struct ref_update **updates = transaction->updates;
        struct string_list refs_to_delete = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
        struct string_list_item *ref_to_delete;
 +      struct string_list affected_refnames = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
  
        assert(err);
  
                return 0;
        }
  
 -      /* Copy, sort, and reject duplicate refs */
 -      qsort(updates, n, sizeof(*updates), ref_update_compare);
 -      if (ref_update_reject_duplicates(updates, n, err)) {
 +      /* Fail if a refname appears more than once in the transaction: */
 +      for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 +              string_list_append(&affected_refnames, updates[i]->refname);
 +      string_list_sort(&affected_refnames);
 +      if (ref_update_reject_duplicates(&affected_refnames, err)) {
                ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
                goto cleanup;
        }
  
 -      /* Acquire all locks while verifying old values */
 +      /*
 +       * Acquire all locks, verify old values if provided, check
 +       * that new values are valid, and write new values to the
 +       * lockfiles, ready to be activated. Only keep one lockfile
 +       * open at a time to avoid running out of file descriptors.
 +       */
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                struct ref_update *update = updates[i];
 -              int flags = update->flags;
 -
 -              if (is_null_sha1(update->new_sha1))
 -                      flags |= REF_DELETING;
 -              update->lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(update->refname,
 -                                                 (update->have_old ?
 -                                                  update->old_sha1 :
 -                                                  NULL),
 -                                                 NULL,
 -                                                 flags,
 -                                                 &update->type);
 +
 +              if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) &&
 +                  is_null_sha1(update->new_sha1))
 +                      update->flags |= REF_DELETING;
 +              update->lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(
 +                              update->refname,
 +                              ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_OLD) ?
 +                               update->old_sha1 : NULL),
 +                              &affected_refnames, NULL,
 +                              update->flags,
 +                              &update->type,
 +                              err);
                if (!update->lock) {
 +                      char *reason;
 +
                        ret = (errno == ENOTDIR)
                                ? TRANSACTION_NAME_CONFLICT
                                : TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
 -                      strbuf_addf(err, "Cannot lock the ref '%s'.",
 -                                  update->refname);
 +                      reason = strbuf_detach(err, NULL);
 +                      strbuf_addf(err, "Cannot lock ref '%s': %s",
 +                                  update->refname, reason);
 +                      free(reason);
                        goto cleanup;
                }
 +              if ((update->flags & REF_HAVE_NEW) &&
 +                  !(update->flags & REF_DELETING)) {
 +                      int overwriting_symref = ((update->type & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
 +                                                (update->flags & REF_NODEREF));
 +
 +                      if (!overwriting_symref &&
 +                          !hashcmp(update->lock->old_sha1, update->new_sha1)) {
 +                              /*
 +                               * The reference already has the desired
 +                               * value, so we don't need to write it.
 +                               */
 +                      } else if (write_ref_to_lockfile(update->lock,
 +                                                       update->new_sha1)) {
 +                              /*
 +                               * The lock was freed upon failure of
 +                               * write_ref_to_lockfile():
 +                               */
 +                              update->lock = NULL;
 +                              strbuf_addf(err, "Cannot update the ref '%s'.",
 +                                          update->refname);
 +                              ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
 +                              goto cleanup;
 +                      } else {
 +                              update->flags |= REF_NEEDS_COMMIT;
 +                      }
 +              }
 +              if (!(update->flags & REF_NEEDS_COMMIT)) {
 +                      /*
 +                       * We didn't have to write anything to the lockfile.
 +                       * Close it to free up the file descriptor:
 +                       */
 +                      if (close_ref(update->lock)) {
 +                              strbuf_addf(err, "Couldn't close %s.lock",
 +                                          update->refname);
 +                              goto cleanup;
 +                      }
 +              }
        }
  
        /* Perform updates first so live commits remain referenced */
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                struct ref_update *update = updates[i];
  
 -              if (!is_null_sha1(update->new_sha1)) {
 -                      if (write_ref_sha1(update->lock, update->new_sha1,
 -                                         update->msg)) {
 -                              update->lock = NULL; /* freed by write_ref_sha1 */
 +              if (update->flags & REF_NEEDS_COMMIT) {
 +                      if (commit_ref_update(update->lock,
 +                                            update->new_sha1, update->msg)) {
 +                              /* freed by commit_ref_update(): */
 +                              update->lock = NULL;
                                strbuf_addf(err, "Cannot update the ref '%s'.",
                                            update->refname);
                                ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
                                goto cleanup;
 +                      } else {
 +                              /* freed by commit_ref_update(): */
 +                              update->lock = NULL;
                        }
 -                      update->lock = NULL; /* freed by write_ref_sha1 */
                }
        }
  
        for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
                struct ref_update *update = updates[i];
  
 -              if (update->lock) {
 +              if (update->flags & REF_DELETING) {
                        if (delete_ref_loose(update->lock, update->type, err)) {
                                ret = TRANSACTION_GENERIC_ERROR;
                                goto cleanup;
@@@ -3965,7 -3825,6 +3980,7 @@@ cleanup
                if (updates[i]->lock)
                        unlock_ref(updates[i]->lock);
        string_list_clear(&refs_to_delete, 0);
 +      string_list_clear(&affected_refnames, 0);
        return ret;
  }
  
@@@ -4104,145 -3963,3 +4119,145 @@@ int ref_is_hidden(const char *refname
        }
        return 0;
  }
 +
 +struct expire_reflog_cb {
 +      unsigned int flags;
 +      reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn *should_prune_fn;
 +      void *policy_cb;
 +      FILE *newlog;
 +      unsigned char last_kept_sha1[20];
 +};
 +
 +static int expire_reflog_ent(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1,
 +                           const char *email, unsigned long timestamp, int tz,
 +                           const char *message, void *cb_data)
 +{
 +      struct expire_reflog_cb *cb = cb_data;
 +      struct expire_reflog_policy_cb *policy_cb = cb->policy_cb;
 +
 +      if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_REWRITE)
 +              osha1 = cb->last_kept_sha1;
 +
 +      if ((*cb->should_prune_fn)(osha1, nsha1, email, timestamp, tz,
 +                                 message, policy_cb)) {
 +              if (!cb->newlog)
 +                      printf("would prune %s", message);
 +              else if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_VERBOSE)
 +                      printf("prune %s", message);
 +      } else {
 +              if (cb->newlog) {
 +                      fprintf(cb->newlog, "%s %s %s %lu %+05d\t%s",
 +                              sha1_to_hex(osha1), sha1_to_hex(nsha1),
 +                              email, timestamp, tz, message);
 +                      hashcpy(cb->last_kept_sha1, nsha1);
 +              }
 +              if (cb->flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_VERBOSE)
 +                      printf("keep %s", message);
 +      }
 +      return 0;
 +}
 +
 +int reflog_expire(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 +               unsigned int flags,
 +               reflog_expiry_prepare_fn prepare_fn,
 +               reflog_expiry_should_prune_fn should_prune_fn,
 +               reflog_expiry_cleanup_fn cleanup_fn,
 +               void *policy_cb_data)
 +{
 +      static struct lock_file reflog_lock;
 +      struct expire_reflog_cb cb;
 +      struct ref_lock *lock;
 +      char *log_file;
 +      int status = 0;
 +      int type;
 +      struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 +
 +      memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
 +      cb.flags = flags;
 +      cb.policy_cb = policy_cb_data;
 +      cb.should_prune_fn = should_prune_fn;
 +
 +      /*
 +       * The reflog file is locked by holding the lock on the
 +       * reference itself, plus we might need to update the
 +       * reference if --updateref was specified:
 +       */
 +      lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(refname, sha1, NULL, NULL, 0, &type, &err);
 +      if (!lock) {
 +              error("cannot lock ref '%s': %s", refname, err.buf);
 +              strbuf_release(&err);
 +              return -1;
 +      }
 +      if (!reflog_exists(refname)) {
 +              unlock_ref(lock);
 +              return 0;
 +      }
 +
 +      log_file = git_pathdup("logs/%s", refname);
 +      if (!(flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_DRY_RUN)) {
 +              /*
 +               * Even though holding $GIT_DIR/logs/$reflog.lock has
 +               * no locking implications, we use the lock_file
 +               * machinery here anyway because it does a lot of the
 +               * work we need, including cleaning up if the program
 +               * exits unexpectedly.
 +               */
 +              if (hold_lock_file_for_update(&reflog_lock, log_file, 0) < 0) {
 +                      struct strbuf err = STRBUF_INIT;
 +                      unable_to_lock_message(log_file, errno, &err);
 +                      error("%s", err.buf);
 +                      strbuf_release(&err);
 +                      goto failure;
 +              }
 +              cb.newlog = fdopen_lock_file(&reflog_lock, "w");
 +              if (!cb.newlog) {
 +                      error("cannot fdopen %s (%s)",
 +                            reflog_lock.filename.buf, strerror(errno));
 +                      goto failure;
 +              }
 +      }
 +
 +      (*prepare_fn)(refname, sha1, cb.policy_cb);
 +      for_each_reflog_ent(refname, expire_reflog_ent, &cb);
 +      (*cleanup_fn)(cb.policy_cb);
 +
 +      if (!(flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_DRY_RUN)) {
 +              /*
 +               * It doesn't make sense to adjust a reference pointed
 +               * to by a symbolic ref based on expiring entries in
 +               * the symbolic reference's reflog. Nor can we update
 +               * a reference if there are no remaining reflog
 +               * entries.
 +               */
 +              int update = (flags & EXPIRE_REFLOGS_UPDATE_REF) &&
 +                      !(type & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
 +                      !is_null_sha1(cb.last_kept_sha1);
 +
 +              if (close_lock_file(&reflog_lock)) {
 +                      status |= error("couldn't write %s: %s", log_file,
 +                                      strerror(errno));
 +              } else if (update &&
 +                      (write_in_full(lock->lock_fd,
 +                              sha1_to_hex(cb.last_kept_sha1), 40) != 40 ||
 +                       write_str_in_full(lock->lock_fd, "\n") != 1 ||
 +                       close_ref(lock) < 0)) {
 +                      status |= error("couldn't write %s",
 +                                      lock->lk->filename.buf);
 +                      rollback_lock_file(&reflog_lock);
 +              } else if (commit_lock_file(&reflog_lock)) {
 +                      status |= error("unable to commit reflog '%s' (%s)",
 +                                      log_file, strerror(errno));
 +              } else if (update && commit_ref(lock)) {
 +                      status |= error("couldn't set %s", lock->ref_name);
 +              }
 +      }
 +      free(log_file);
 +      unlock_ref(lock);
 +      return status;
 +
 + failure:
 +      rollback_lock_file(&reflog_lock);
 +      free(log_file);
 +      unlock_ref(lock);
 +      return -1;
 +}