Merge branch 'nd/sha1-name-c-wo-the-repository'
authorJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Wed, 8 May 2019 15:37:24 +0000 (00:37 +0900)
committerJunio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Wed, 8 May 2019 15:37:25 +0000 (00:37 +0900)
Further code clean-up to allow the lowest level of name-to-object
mapping layer to work with a passed-in repository other than the
default one.

* nd/sha1-name-c-wo-the-repository: (34 commits)
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from get_oid_mb()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from other get_oid_*
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name
submodule-config.c: use repo_get_oid for reading .gitmodules
sha1-name.c: add repo_get_oid()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from get_oid_with_context_1()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from resolve_relative_path()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from diagnose_invalid_index_path()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from handle_one_ref()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from get_oid_1()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from get_oid_basic()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from get_describe_name()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from get_oid_oneline()
sha1-name.c: add repo_interpret_branch_name()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from interpret_branch_mark()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from interpret_nth_prior_checkout()
sha1-name.c: remove the_repo from get_short_oid()
sha1-name.c: add repo_for_each_abbrev()
sha1-name.c: store and use repo in struct disambiguate_state
sha1-name.c: add repo_find_unique_abbrev_r()
...

1  2 
builtin/rebase.c
cache.h
commit-graph.c
commit.h
dir.c
dir.h
merge-recursive.c
packfile.c
packfile.h
sha1-name.c
upload-pack.c
diff --combined builtin/rebase.c
index 2e41ad5644c11db0d496aa3c8374cc194b331e78,c0649093298f21f8739370aea96b8bd6af566e61..966b953e86cc90c3683e4de01ef4b18a21229c74
@@@ -46,6 -46,29 +46,6 @@@ enum rebase_type 
        REBASE_PRESERVE_MERGES
  };
  
 -static int use_builtin_rebase(void)
 -{
 -      struct child_process cp = CHILD_PROCESS_INIT;
 -      struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 -      int ret, env = git_env_bool("GIT_TEST_REBASE_USE_BUILTIN", -1);
 -
 -      if (env != -1)
 -              return env;
 -
 -      argv_array_pushl(&cp.args,
 -                       "config", "--bool", "rebase.usebuiltin", NULL);
 -      cp.git_cmd = 1;
 -      if (capture_command(&cp, &out, 6)) {
 -              strbuf_release(&out);
 -              return 1;
 -      }
 -
 -      strbuf_trim(&out);
 -      ret = !strcmp("true", out.buf);
 -      strbuf_release(&out);
 -      return ret;
 -}
 -
  struct rebase_options {
        enum rebase_type type;
        const char *state_dir;
        char *strategy, *strategy_opts;
        struct strbuf git_format_patch_opt;
        int reschedule_failed_exec;
 +      int use_legacy_rebase;
  };
  
  static int is_interactive(struct rebase_options *opts)
@@@ -852,11 -874,6 +852,11 @@@ static int rebase_config(const char *va
                return 0;
        }
  
 +      if (!strcmp(var, "rebase.usebuiltin")) {
 +              opts->use_legacy_rebase = !git_config_bool(var, value);
 +              return 0;
 +      }
 +
        return git_default_config(var, value, data);
  }
  
@@@ -1088,8 -1105,8 +1088,8 @@@ int cmd_rebase(int argc, const char **a
                        PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
                        parse_opt_interactive },
                OPT_SET_INT('p', "preserve-merges", &options.type,
 -                          N_("try to recreate merges instead of ignoring "
 -                             "them"), REBASE_PRESERVE_MERGES),
 +                          N_("(DEPRECATED) try to recreate merges instead of "
 +                             "ignoring them"), REBASE_PRESERVE_MERGES),
                OPT_BOOL(0, "rerere-autoupdate",
                         &options.allow_rerere_autoupdate,
                         N_("allow rerere to update index with resolved "
        };
        int i;
  
 -      /*
 -       * NEEDSWORK: Once the builtin rebase has been tested enough
 -       * and git-legacy-rebase.sh is retired to contrib/, this preamble
 -       * can be removed.
 -       */
 -
 -      if (!use_builtin_rebase()) {
 -              const char *path = mkpath("%s/git-legacy-rebase",
 -                                        git_exec_path());
 -
 -              if (sane_execvp(path, (char **)argv) < 0)
 -                      die_errno(_("could not exec %s"), path);
 -              else
 -                      BUG("sane_execvp() returned???");
 -      }
 -
        if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
                usage_with_options(builtin_rebase_usage,
                                   builtin_rebase_options);
  
        git_config(rebase_config, &options);
  
 +      if (options.use_legacy_rebase ||
 +          !git_env_bool("GIT_TEST_REBASE_USE_BUILTIN", -1))
 +              warning(_("the rebase.useBuiltin support has been removed!\n"
 +                        "See its entry in 'git help config' for details."));
 +
        strbuf_reset(&buf);
        strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/applying", apply_dir());
        if(file_exists(buf.buf))
                usage_with_options(builtin_rebase_usage,
                                   builtin_rebase_options);
  
 +      if (options.type == REBASE_PRESERVE_MERGES)
 +              warning(_("git rebase --preserve-merges is deprecated. "
 +                        "Use --rebase-merges instead."));
 +
        if (action != NO_ACTION && !in_progress)
                die(_("No rebase in progress?"));
        setenv(GIT_REFLOG_ACTION_ENVIRONMENT, "rebase", 0);
                                branch_name = options.head_name;
  
                } else {
-                       free(options.head_name);
-                       options.head_name = NULL;
+                       FREE_AND_NULL(options.head_name);
                        branch_name = "HEAD";
                }
                if (get_oid("HEAD", &options.orig_head))
         * we just fast-forwarded.
         */
        strbuf_reset(&msg);
-       if (!oidcmp(&merge_base, &options.orig_head)) {
+       if (oideq(&merge_base, &options.orig_head)) {
                printf(_("Fast-forwarded %s to %s.\n"),
                        branch_name, options.onto_name);
                strbuf_addf(&msg, "rebase finished: %s onto %s",
diff --combined cache.h
index 9f2fb7b2ea428a8e747abb92d54811d62a18012b,9a600a8b508dfedd5cd4492a3b1b73500ccf323e..67cc2e1806ab4fabd4b34c0e1b4ca5cd1abafd82
+++ b/cache.h
@@@ -339,9 -339,7 +339,9 @@@ struct index_state 
        struct cache_time timestamp;
        unsigned name_hash_initialized : 1,
                 initialized : 1,
 -               drop_cache_tree : 1;
 +               drop_cache_tree : 1,
 +               updated_workdir : 1,
 +               updated_skipworktree : 1;
        struct hashmap name_hash;
        struct hashmap dir_hash;
        struct object_id oid;
@@@ -1047,8 -1045,10 +1047,10 @@@ extern void check_repository_format(voi
   * Note that while this version avoids the static buffer, it is not fully
   * reentrant, as it calls into other non-reentrant git code.
   */
- extern const char *find_unique_abbrev(const struct object_id *oid, int len);
- extern int find_unique_abbrev_r(char *hex, const struct object_id *oid, int len);
+ const char *repo_find_unique_abbrev(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid, int len);
+ #define find_unique_abbrev(oid, len) repo_find_unique_abbrev(the_repository, oid, len)
+ int repo_find_unique_abbrev_r(struct repository *r, char *hex, const struct object_id *oid, int len);
+ #define find_unique_abbrev_r(hex, oid, len) repo_find_unique_abbrev_r(the_repository, hex, oid, len)
  
  extern const unsigned char null_sha1[GIT_MAX_RAWSZ];
  extern const struct object_id null_oid;
@@@ -1333,7 -1333,7 +1335,7 @@@ static inline int hex2chr(const char *s
  #define FALLBACK_DEFAULT_ABBREV 7
  
  struct object_context {
 -      unsigned mode;
 +      unsigned short mode;
        /*
         * symlink_path is only used by get_tree_entry_follow_symlinks,
         * and only for symlinks that point outside the repository.
@@@ -1380,20 -1380,31 +1382,32 @@@ enum get_oid_result 
                       */
  };
  
- extern int get_oid(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
- extern int get_oidf(struct object_id *oid, const char *fmt, ...);
- extern int get_oid_commit(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
- extern int get_oid_committish(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
- extern int get_oid_tree(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
- extern int get_oid_treeish(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
- extern int get_oid_blob(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
- extern void maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name(const char *name, const char *prefix);
+ int repo_get_oid(struct repository *r, const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
++int get_oidf(struct object_id *oid, const char *fmt, ...);
+ int repo_get_oid_commit(struct repository *r, const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+ int repo_get_oid_committish(struct repository *r, const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+ int repo_get_oid_tree(struct repository *r, const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+ int repo_get_oid_treeish(struct repository *r, const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+ int repo_get_oid_blob(struct repository *r, const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+ int repo_get_oid_mb(struct repository *r, const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+ void maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name(struct repository *repo,
+                                      const char *name,
+                                      const char *prefix);
  extern enum get_oid_result get_oid_with_context(struct repository *repo, const char *str,
                                unsigned flags, struct object_id *oid,
                                struct object_context *oc);
  
+ #define get_oid(str, oid)             repo_get_oid(the_repository, str, oid)
+ #define get_oid_commit(str, oid)      repo_get_oid_commit(the_repository, str, oid)
+ #define get_oid_committish(str, oid)  repo_get_oid_committish(the_repository, str, oid)
+ #define get_oid_tree(str, oid)                repo_get_oid_tree(the_repository, str, oid)
+ #define get_oid_treeish(str, oid)     repo_get_oid_treeish(the_repository, str, oid)
+ #define get_oid_blob(str, oid)                repo_get_oid_blob(the_repository, str, oid)
+ #define get_oid_mb(str, oid)          repo_get_oid_mb(the_repository, str, oid)
  typedef int each_abbrev_fn(const struct object_id *oid, void *);
- extern int for_each_abbrev(const char *prefix, each_abbrev_fn, void *);
+ int repo_for_each_abbrev(struct repository *r, const char *prefix, each_abbrev_fn, void *);
+ #define for_each_abbrev(prefix, fn, data) repo_for_each_abbrev(the_repository, prefix, fn, data)
  
  extern int set_disambiguate_hint_config(const char *var, const char *value);
  
@@@ -1471,9 -1482,12 +1485,12 @@@ extern int parse_oid_hex(const char *he
  #define INTERPRET_BRANCH_LOCAL (1<<0)
  #define INTERPRET_BRANCH_REMOTE (1<<1)
  #define INTERPRET_BRANCH_HEAD (1<<2)
- extern int interpret_branch_name(const char *str, int len, struct strbuf *,
-                                unsigned allowed);
- extern int get_oid_mb(const char *str, struct object_id *oid);
+ int repo_interpret_branch_name(struct repository *r,
+                              const char *str, int len,
+                              struct strbuf *buf,
+                              unsigned allowed);
+ #define interpret_branch_name(str, len, buf, allowed) \
+       repo_interpret_branch_name(the_repository, str, len, buf, allowed)
  
  extern int validate_headref(const char *ref);
  
@@@ -1487,8 -1501,11 +1504,11 @@@ extern void *read_object_with_reference
                                        unsigned long *size,
                                        struct object_id *oid_ret);
  
- extern struct object *peel_to_type(const char *name, int namelen,
-                                  struct object *o, enum object_type);
+ struct object *repo_peel_to_type(struct repository *r,
+                                const char *name, int namelen,
+                                struct object *o, enum object_type);
+ #define peel_to_type(name, namelen, obj, type) \
+       repo_peel_to_type(the_repository, name, namelen, obj, type)
  
  enum date_mode_type {
        DATE_NORMAL = 0,
@@@ -1555,10 -1572,6 +1575,10 @@@ extern const char *git_sequence_editor(
  extern const char *git_pager(int stdout_is_tty);
  extern int is_terminal_dumb(void);
  extern int git_ident_config(const char *, const char *, void *);
 +/*
 + * Prepare an ident to fall back on if the user didn't configure it.
 + */
 +void prepare_fallback_ident(const char *name, const char *email);
  extern void reset_ident_date(void);
  
  struct ident_split {
diff --combined commit-graph.c
index 66865acbd7489df4f85ee2454fe05a9b346e7aa7,155a270457bb35dd94c3004455adecde182d4c40..7bcc9bb7e0f9965a2ab3176c0416943430c6a6aa
@@@ -80,30 -80,25 +80,30 @@@ static int commit_graph_compatible(stru
        return 1;
  }
  
 -struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one(const char *graph_file)
 +int open_commit_graph(const char *graph_file, int *fd, struct stat *st)
 +{
 +      *fd = git_open(graph_file);
 +      if (*fd < 0)
 +              return 0;
 +      if (fstat(*fd, st)) {
 +              close(*fd);
 +              return 0;
 +      }
 +      return 1;
 +}
 +
 +struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one_fd_st(int fd, struct stat *st)
  {
        void *graph_map;
        size_t graph_size;
 -      struct stat st;
        struct commit_graph *ret;
 -      int fd = git_open(graph_file);
  
 -      if (fd < 0)
 -              return NULL;
 -      if (fstat(fd, &st)) {
 -              close(fd);
 -              return NULL;
 -      }
 -      graph_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 +      graph_size = xsize_t(st->st_size);
  
        if (graph_size < GRAPH_MIN_SIZE) {
                close(fd);
 -              die(_("graph file %s is too small"), graph_file);
 +              error(_("commit-graph file is too small"));
 +              return NULL;
        }
        graph_map = xmmap(NULL, graph_size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
        ret = parse_commit_graph(graph_map, fd, graph_size);
        if (!ret) {
                munmap(graph_map, graph_size);
                close(fd);
 -              exit(1);
        }
  
        return ret;
  }
  
 +static int verify_commit_graph_lite(struct commit_graph *g)
 +{
 +      /*
 +       * Basic validation shared between parse_commit_graph()
 +       * which'll be called every time the graph is used, and the
 +       * much more expensive verify_commit_graph() used by
 +       * "commit-graph verify".
 +       *
 +       * There should only be very basic checks here to ensure that
 +       * we don't e.g. segfault in fill_commit_in_graph(), but
 +       * because this is a very hot codepath nothing that e.g. loops
 +       * over g->num_commits, or runs a checksum on the commit-graph
 +       * itself.
 +       */
 +      if (!g->chunk_oid_fanout) {
 +              error("commit-graph is missing the OID Fanout chunk");
 +              return 1;
 +      }
 +      if (!g->chunk_oid_lookup) {
 +              error("commit-graph is missing the OID Lookup chunk");
 +              return 1;
 +      }
 +      if (!g->chunk_commit_data) {
 +              error("commit-graph is missing the Commit Data chunk");
 +              return 1;
 +      }
 +
 +      return 0;
 +}
 +
  struct commit_graph *parse_commit_graph(void *graph_map, int fd,
                                        size_t graph_size)
  {
  
        graph_signature = get_be32(data);
        if (graph_signature != GRAPH_SIGNATURE) {
 -              error(_("graph signature %X does not match signature %X"),
 +              error(_("commit-graph signature %X does not match signature %X"),
                      graph_signature, GRAPH_SIGNATURE);
                return NULL;
        }
  
        graph_version = *(unsigned char*)(data + 4);
        if (graph_version != GRAPH_VERSION) {
 -              error(_("graph version %X does not match version %X"),
 +              error(_("commit-graph version %X does not match version %X"),
                      graph_version, GRAPH_VERSION);
                return NULL;
        }
  
        hash_version = *(unsigned char*)(data + 5);
        if (hash_version != oid_version()) {
 -              error(_("hash version %X does not match version %X"),
 +              error(_("commit-graph hash version %X does not match version %X"),
                      hash_version, oid_version());
                return NULL;
        }
  
                if (data + graph_size - chunk_lookup <
                    GRAPH_CHUNKLOOKUP_WIDTH) {
 -                      error(_("chunk lookup table entry missing; graph file may be incomplete"));
 +                      error(_("commit-graph chunk lookup table entry missing; file may be incomplete"));
                        free(graph);
                        return NULL;
                }
                chunk_lookup += GRAPH_CHUNKLOOKUP_WIDTH;
  
                if (chunk_offset > graph_size - the_hash_algo->rawsz) {
 -                      error(_("improper chunk offset %08x%08x"), (uint32_t)(chunk_offset >> 32),
 +                      error(_("commit-graph improper chunk offset %08x%08x"), (uint32_t)(chunk_offset >> 32),
                              (uint32_t)chunk_offset);
                        free(graph);
                        return NULL;
                }
  
                if (chunk_repeated) {
 -                      error(_("chunk id %08x appears multiple times"), chunk_id);
 +                      error(_("commit-graph chunk id %08x appears multiple times"), chunk_id);
                        free(graph);
                        return NULL;
                }
                last_chunk_offset = chunk_offset;
        }
  
 +      if (verify_commit_graph_lite(graph))
 +              return NULL;
 +
        return graph;
  }
  
 +static struct commit_graph *load_commit_graph_one(const char *graph_file)
 +{
 +
 +      struct stat st;
 +      int fd;
 +      int open_ok = open_commit_graph(graph_file, &fd, &st);
 +
 +      if (!open_ok)
 +              return NULL;
 +
 +      return load_commit_graph_one_fd_st(fd, &st);
 +}
 +
  static void prepare_commit_graph_one(struct repository *r, const char *obj_dir)
  {
        char *graph_name;
@@@ -311,10 -261,6 +311,10 @@@ static int prepare_commit_graph(struct 
        struct object_directory *odb;
        int config_value;
  
 +      if (git_env_bool(GIT_TEST_COMMIT_GRAPH_DIE_ON_LOAD, 0))
 +              die("dying as requested by the '%s' variable on commit-graph load!",
 +                  GIT_TEST_COMMIT_GRAPH_DIE_ON_LOAD);
 +
        if (r->objects->commit_graph_attempted)
                return !!r->objects->commit_graph;
        r->objects->commit_graph_attempted = 1;
@@@ -397,6 -343,11 +397,11 @@@ static void fill_commit_graph_info(stru
        item->generation = get_be32(commit_data + g->hash_len + 8) >> 2;
  }
  
+ static inline void set_commit_tree(struct commit *c, struct tree *t)
+ {
+       c->maybe_tree = t;
+ }
  static int fill_commit_in_graph(struct repository *r,
                                struct commit *item,
                                struct commit_graph *g, uint32_t pos)
        item->object.parsed = 1;
        item->graph_pos = pos;
  
-       item->maybe_tree = NULL;
+       set_commit_tree(item, NULL);
  
        date_high = get_be32(commit_data + g->hash_len + 8) & 0x3;
        date_low = get_be32(commit_data + g->hash_len + 12);
@@@ -496,7 -447,7 +501,7 @@@ static struct tree *load_tree_for_commi
                                           GRAPH_DATA_WIDTH * (c->graph_pos);
  
        hashcpy(oid.hash, commit_data);
-       c->maybe_tree = lookup_tree(r, &oid);
+       set_commit_tree(c, lookup_tree(r, &oid));
  
        return c->maybe_tree;
  }
@@@ -579,7 -530,7 +584,7 @@@ static void write_graph_chunk_data(stru
                uint32_t packedDate[2];
                display_progress(progress, ++*progress_cnt);
  
 -              parse_commit(*list);
 +              parse_commit_no_graph(*list);
                hashwrite(f, get_commit_tree_oid(*list)->hash, hash_len);
  
                parent = (*list)->parents;
@@@ -776,7 -727,7 +781,7 @@@ static void close_reachable(struct pack
                display_progress(progress, i + 1);
                commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oids->list[i]);
  
 -              if (commit && !parse_commit(commit))
 +              if (commit && !parse_commit_no_graph(commit))
                        add_missing_parents(oids, commit);
        }
        stop_progress(&progress);
@@@ -1025,7 -976,7 +1030,7 @@@ void write_commit_graph(const char *obj
                        continue;
  
                commits.list[commits.nr] = lookup_commit(the_repository, &oids.list[i]);
 -              parse_commit(commits.list[commits.nr]);
 +              parse_commit_no_graph(commits.list[commits.nr]);
  
                for (parent = commits.list[commits.nr]->parents;
                     parent; parent = parent->next)
@@@ -1143,7 -1094,15 +1148,7 @@@ int verify_commit_graph(struct reposito
                return 1;
        }
  
 -      verify_commit_graph_error = 0;
 -
 -      if (!g->chunk_oid_fanout)
 -              graph_report("commit-graph is missing the OID Fanout chunk");
 -      if (!g->chunk_oid_lookup)
 -              graph_report("commit-graph is missing the OID Lookup chunk");
 -      if (!g->chunk_commit_data)
 -              graph_report("commit-graph is missing the Commit Data chunk");
 -
 +      verify_commit_graph_error = verify_commit_graph_lite(g);
        if (verify_commit_graph_error)
                return verify_commit_graph_error;
  
                hashcpy(cur_oid.hash, g->chunk_oid_lookup + g->hash_len * i);
  
                if (i && oidcmp(&prev_oid, &cur_oid) >= 0)
 -                      graph_report("commit-graph has incorrect OID order: %s then %s",
 +                      graph_report(_("commit-graph has incorrect OID order: %s then %s"),
                                     oid_to_hex(&prev_oid),
                                     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
  
                        uint32_t fanout_value = get_be32(g->chunk_oid_fanout + cur_fanout_pos);
  
                        if (i != fanout_value)
 -                              graph_report("commit-graph has incorrect fanout value: fanout[%d] = %u != %u",
 +                              graph_report(_("commit-graph has incorrect fanout value: fanout[%d] = %u != %u"),
                                             cur_fanout_pos, fanout_value, i);
                        cur_fanout_pos++;
                }
  
                graph_commit = lookup_commit(r, &cur_oid);
                if (!parse_commit_in_graph_one(r, g, graph_commit))
 -                      graph_report("failed to parse %s from commit-graph",
 +                      graph_report(_("failed to parse commit %s from commit-graph"),
                                     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
        }
  
                uint32_t fanout_value = get_be32(g->chunk_oid_fanout + cur_fanout_pos);
  
                if (g->num_commits != fanout_value)
 -                      graph_report("commit-graph has incorrect fanout value: fanout[%d] = %u != %u",
 +                      graph_report(_("commit-graph has incorrect fanout value: fanout[%d] = %u != %u"),
                                     cur_fanout_pos, fanout_value, i);
  
                cur_fanout_pos++;
                graph_commit = lookup_commit(r, &cur_oid);
                odb_commit = (struct commit *)create_object(r, cur_oid.hash, alloc_commit_node(r));
                if (parse_commit_internal(odb_commit, 0, 0)) {
 -                      graph_report("failed to parse %s from object database",
 +                      graph_report(_("failed to parse commit %s from object database for commit-graph"),
                                     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
                        continue;
                }
  
                if (!oideq(&get_commit_tree_in_graph_one(r, g, graph_commit)->object.oid,
                           get_commit_tree_oid(odb_commit)))
 -                      graph_report("root tree OID for commit %s in commit-graph is %s != %s",
 +                      graph_report(_("root tree OID for commit %s in commit-graph is %s != %s"),
                                     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid),
                                     oid_to_hex(get_commit_tree_oid(graph_commit)),
                                     oid_to_hex(get_commit_tree_oid(odb_commit)));
  
                while (graph_parents) {
                        if (odb_parents == NULL) {
 -                              graph_report("commit-graph parent list for commit %s is too long",
 +                              graph_report(_("commit-graph parent list for commit %s is too long"),
                                             oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
                                break;
                        }
  
                        if (!oideq(&graph_parents->item->object.oid, &odb_parents->item->object.oid))
 -                              graph_report("commit-graph parent for %s is %s != %s",
 +                              graph_report(_("commit-graph parent for %s is %s != %s"),
                                             oid_to_hex(&cur_oid),
                                             oid_to_hex(&graph_parents->item->object.oid),
                                             oid_to_hex(&odb_parents->item->object.oid));
                }
  
                if (odb_parents != NULL)
 -                      graph_report("commit-graph parent list for commit %s terminates early",
 +                      graph_report(_("commit-graph parent list for commit %s terminates early"),
                                     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
  
                if (!graph_commit->generation) {
                        if (generation_zero == GENERATION_NUMBER_EXISTS)
 -                              graph_report("commit-graph has generation number zero for commit %s, but non-zero elsewhere",
 +                              graph_report(_("commit-graph has generation number zero for commit %s, but non-zero elsewhere"),
                                             oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
                        generation_zero = GENERATION_ZERO_EXISTS;
                } else if (generation_zero == GENERATION_ZERO_EXISTS)
 -                      graph_report("commit-graph has non-zero generation number for commit %s, but zero elsewhere",
 +                      graph_report(_("commit-graph has non-zero generation number for commit %s, but zero elsewhere"),
                                     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid));
  
                if (generation_zero == GENERATION_ZERO_EXISTS)
                        max_generation--;
  
                if (graph_commit->generation != max_generation + 1)
 -                      graph_report("commit-graph generation for commit %s is %u != %u",
 +                      graph_report(_("commit-graph generation for commit %s is %u != %u"),
                                     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid),
                                     graph_commit->generation,
                                     max_generation + 1);
  
                if (graph_commit->date != odb_commit->date)
 -                      graph_report("commit date for commit %s in commit-graph is %"PRItime" != %"PRItime,
 +                      graph_report(_("commit date for commit %s in commit-graph is %"PRItime" != %"PRItime),
                                     oid_to_hex(&cur_oid),
                                     graph_commit->date,
                                     odb_commit->date);
diff --combined commit.h
index 8f1f39f4c39b05327ee342018091d847ea7ee5c4,f1aa4c04727223c0b24e3e01b90f2a3f11b9c64e..cc19cb53148ecdd6ce39d6836d8d52cbc0db5042
+++ b/commit.h
@@@ -32,7 -32,7 +32,7 @@@ struct commit 
  
        /*
         * If the commit is loaded from the commit-graph file, then this
-        * member may be NULL. Only access it through get_commit_tree()
+        * member may be NULL. Only access it through repo_get_commit_tree()
         * or get_commit_tree_oid().
         */
        struct tree *maybe_tree;
@@@ -89,12 -89,6 +89,12 @@@ static inline int repo_parse_commit(str
  {
        return repo_parse_commit_gently(r, item, 0);
  }
 +
 +static inline int parse_commit_no_graph(struct commit *commit)
 +{
 +      return repo_parse_commit_internal(the_repository, commit, 0, 0);
 +}
 +
  #ifndef NO_THE_REPOSITORY_COMPATIBILITY_MACROS
  #define parse_commit_internal(item, quiet, use) repo_parse_commit_internal(the_repository, item, quiet, use)
  #define parse_commit_gently(item, quiet) repo_parse_commit_gently(the_repository, item, quiet)
@@@ -149,7 -143,8 +149,8 @@@ void repo_unuse_commit_buffer(struct re
   */
  void free_commit_buffer(struct parsed_object_pool *pool, struct commit *);
  
- struct tree *get_commit_tree(const struct commit *);
+ struct tree *repo_get_commit_tree(struct repository *, const struct commit *);
+ #define get_commit_tree(c) repo_get_commit_tree(the_repository, c)
  struct object_id *get_commit_tree_oid(const struct commit *);
  
  /*
@@@ -263,10 -258,6 +264,10 @@@ extern void setup_alternate_shallow(str
  extern const char *setup_temporary_shallow(const struct oid_array *extra);
  extern void advertise_shallow_grafts(int);
  
 +/*
 + * Initialize with prepare_shallow_info() or zero-initialize (equivalent to
 + * prepare_shallow_info with a NULL oid_array).
 + */
  struct shallow_info {
        struct oid_array *shallow;
        int *ours, nr_ours;
diff --combined dir.c
index 0a3ddcf2bc39daf88b6d3630360927610191f545,e6d97343f4062887a2c7ef90160a996b35412634..2ccd4db66440ac3b030049571a0cb0a560dfcb3d
--- 1/dir.c
--- 2/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@@ -502,7 -502,8 +502,7 @@@ int submodule_path_match(const struct i
  }
  
  int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched,
 -                    const struct pathspec *pathspec,
 -                    const char *prefix)
 +                    const struct pathspec *pathspec)
  {
        /*
         * Make sure all pathspec matched; otherwise it is an error.
@@@ -1466,11 -1467,9 +1466,11 @@@ static enum path_treatment treat_direct
                        return path_none;
                }
                if (!(dir->flags & DIR_NO_GITLINKS)) {
 -                      struct object_id oid;
 -                      if (resolve_gitlink_ref(dirname, "HEAD", &oid) == 0)
 +                      struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 +                      strbuf_addstr(&sb, dirname);
 +                      if (is_nonbare_repository_dir(&sb))
                                return exclude ? path_excluded : path_untracked;
 +                      strbuf_release(&sb);
                }
                return path_recurse;
        }
@@@ -2316,6 -2315,14 +2316,14 @@@ int file_exists(const char *f
        return lstat(f, &sb) == 0;
  }
  
+ int repo_file_exists(struct repository *repo, const char *path)
+ {
+       if (repo != the_repository)
+               BUG("do not know how to check file existence in arbitrary repo");
+       return file_exists(path);
+ }
  static int cmp_icase(char a, char b)
  {
        if (a == b)
@@@ -2546,9 -2553,13 +2554,9 @@@ struct ondisk_untracked_cache 
        struct stat_data info_exclude_stat;
        struct stat_data excludes_file_stat;
        uint32_t dir_flags;
 -      unsigned char info_exclude_sha1[20];
 -      unsigned char excludes_file_sha1[20];
 -      char exclude_per_dir[FLEX_ARRAY];
  };
  
  #define ouc_offset(x) offsetof(struct ondisk_untracked_cache, x)
 -#define ouc_size(len) (ouc_offset(exclude_per_dir) + len + 1)
  
  struct write_data {
        int index;         /* number of written untracked_cache_dir */
@@@ -2631,21 -2642,20 +2639,21 @@@ void write_untracked_extension(struct s
        struct write_data wd;
        unsigned char varbuf[16];
        int varint_len;
 -      size_t len = strlen(untracked->exclude_per_dir);
 +      const unsigned hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
  
 -      FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(ouc, exclude_per_dir, untracked->exclude_per_dir, len);
 +      ouc = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ouc));
        stat_data_to_disk(&ouc->info_exclude_stat, &untracked->ss_info_exclude.stat);
        stat_data_to_disk(&ouc->excludes_file_stat, &untracked->ss_excludes_file.stat);
 -      hashcpy(ouc->info_exclude_sha1, untracked->ss_info_exclude.oid.hash);
 -      hashcpy(ouc->excludes_file_sha1, untracked->ss_excludes_file.oid.hash);
        ouc->dir_flags = htonl(untracked->dir_flags);
  
        varint_len = encode_varint(untracked->ident.len, varbuf);
        strbuf_add(out, varbuf, varint_len);
        strbuf_addbuf(out, &untracked->ident);
  
 -      strbuf_add(out, ouc, ouc_size(len));
 +      strbuf_add(out, ouc, sizeof(*ouc));
 +      strbuf_add(out, untracked->ss_info_exclude.oid.hash, hashsz);
 +      strbuf_add(out, untracked->ss_excludes_file.oid.hash, hashsz);
 +      strbuf_add(out, untracked->exclude_per_dir, strlen(untracked->exclude_per_dir) + 1);
        FREE_AND_NULL(ouc);
  
        if (!untracked->root) {
@@@ -2758,7 -2768,7 +2766,7 @@@ static int read_one_dir(struct untracke
        next = data + len + 1;
        if (next > rd->end)
                return -1;
 -      *untracked_ = untracked = xmalloc(st_add(sizeof(*untracked), len));
 +      *untracked_ = untracked = xmalloc(st_add3(sizeof(*untracked), len, 1));
        memcpy(untracked, &ud, sizeof(ud));
        memcpy(untracked->name, data, len + 1);
        data = next;
@@@ -2832,9 -2842,6 +2840,9 @@@ struct untracked_cache *read_untracked_
        int ident_len;
        ssize_t len;
        const char *exclude_per_dir;
 +      const unsigned hashsz = the_hash_algo->rawsz;
 +      const unsigned offset = sizeof(struct ondisk_untracked_cache);
 +      const unsigned exclude_per_dir_offset = offset + 2 * hashsz;
  
        if (sz <= 1 || end[-1] != '\0')
                return NULL;
        ident = (const char *)next;
        next += ident_len;
  
 -      if (next + ouc_size(0) > end)
 +      if (next + exclude_per_dir_offset + 1 > end)
                return NULL;
  
        uc = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*uc));
        strbuf_add(&uc->ident, ident, ident_len);
        load_oid_stat(&uc->ss_info_exclude,
                      next + ouc_offset(info_exclude_stat),
 -                    next + ouc_offset(info_exclude_sha1));
 +                    next + offset);
        load_oid_stat(&uc->ss_excludes_file,
                      next + ouc_offset(excludes_file_stat),
 -                    next + ouc_offset(excludes_file_sha1));
 +                    next + offset + hashsz);
        uc->dir_flags = get_be32(next + ouc_offset(dir_flags));
 -      exclude_per_dir = (const char *)next + ouc_offset(exclude_per_dir);
 +      exclude_per_dir = (const char *)next + exclude_per_dir_offset;
        uc->exclude_per_dir = xstrdup(exclude_per_dir);
        /* NUL after exclude_per_dir is covered by sizeof(*ouc) */
 -      next += ouc_size(strlen(exclude_per_dir));
 +      next += exclude_per_dir_offset + strlen(exclude_per_dir) + 1;
        if (next >= end)
                goto done2;
  
diff --combined dir.h
index 823bae628bc8db03dee6ef0c5601b05a6ea942f5,47c5409ced7135cef214a56beca420ec1b3ee842..c23313b02126f97e63e5694bdc02907363fe077d
--- 1/dir.h
--- 2/dir.h
+++ b/dir.h
@@@ -220,7 -220,7 +220,7 @@@ extern int match_pathspec(const struct 
                          const struct pathspec *pathspec,
                          const char *name, int namelen,
                          int prefix, char *seen, int is_dir);
 -extern int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched, const struct pathspec *pathspec, const char *prefix);
 +extern int report_path_error(const char *ps_matched, const struct pathspec *pathspec);
  extern int within_depth(const char *name, int namelen, int depth, int max_depth);
  
  extern int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
@@@ -269,7 -269,9 +269,9 @@@ extern void add_exclude(const char *str
                        int baselen, struct exclude_list *el, int srcpos);
  extern void clear_exclude_list(struct exclude_list *el);
  extern void clear_directory(struct dir_struct *dir);
- extern int file_exists(const char *);
+ int repo_file_exists(struct repository *repo, const char *path);
+ int file_exists(const char *);
  
  extern int is_inside_dir(const char *dir);
  extern int dir_inside_of(const char *subdir, const char *dir);
diff --combined merge-recursive.c
index 69abd6edec7efc1a6c100d3a14e7bd7737fa833d,ca4731a719cf1c6428ae6a03e631170d6a30ed37..a7bcfcbeb44679057a0429fd6641627796ad6d40
@@@ -115,32 -115,32 +115,32 @@@ static void collision_init(struct hashm
        hashmap_init(map, (hashmap_cmp_fn) collision_cmp, NULL, 0);
  }
  
 -static void flush_output(struct merge_options *o)
 +static void flush_output(struct merge_options *opt)
  {
 -      if (o->buffer_output < 2 && o->obuf.len) {
 -              fputs(o->obuf.buf, stdout);
 -              strbuf_reset(&o->obuf);
 +      if (opt->buffer_output < 2 && opt->obuf.len) {
 +              fputs(opt->obuf.buf, stdout);
 +              strbuf_reset(&opt->obuf);
        }
  }
  
 -static int err(struct merge_options *o, const char *err, ...)
 +static int err(struct merge_options *opt, const char *err, ...)
  {
        va_list params;
  
 -      if (o->buffer_output < 2)
 -              flush_output(o);
 +      if (opt->buffer_output < 2)
 +              flush_output(opt);
        else {
 -              strbuf_complete(&o->obuf, '\n');
 -              strbuf_addstr(&o->obuf, "error: ");
 +              strbuf_complete(&opt->obuf, '\n');
 +              strbuf_addstr(&opt->obuf, "error: ");
        }
        va_start(params, err);
 -      strbuf_vaddf(&o->obuf, err, params);
 +      strbuf_vaddf(&opt->obuf, err, params);
        va_end(params);
 -      if (o->buffer_output > 1)
 -              strbuf_addch(&o->obuf, '\n');
 +      if (opt->buffer_output > 1)
 +              strbuf_addch(&opt->obuf, '\n');
        else {
 -              error("%s", o->obuf.buf);
 -              strbuf_reset(&o->obuf);
 +              error("%s", opt->obuf.buf);
 +              strbuf_reset(&opt->obuf);
        }
  
        return -1;
@@@ -163,6 -163,11 +163,11 @@@ static struct tree *shift_tree_object(s
        return lookup_tree(repo, &shifted);
  }
  
+ static inline void set_commit_tree(struct commit *c, struct tree *t)
+ {
+       c->maybe_tree = t;
+ }
  static struct commit *make_virtual_commit(struct repository *repo,
                                          struct tree *tree,
                                          const char *comment)
        struct commit *commit = alloc_commit_node(repo);
  
        set_merge_remote_desc(commit, comment, (struct object *)commit);
-       commit->maybe_tree = tree;
+       set_commit_tree(commit, tree);
        commit->object.parsed = 1;
        return commit;
  }
@@@ -196,148 -201,163 +201,148 @@@ enum rename_type 
        RENAME_TWO_FILES_TO_ONE
  };
  
 -struct rename_conflict_info {
 -      enum rename_type rename_type;
 -      struct diff_filepair *pair1;
 -      struct diff_filepair *pair2;
 -      const char *branch1;
 -      const char *branch2;
 -      struct stage_data *dst_entry1;
 -      struct stage_data *dst_entry2;
 -      struct diff_filespec ren1_other;
 -      struct diff_filespec ren2_other;
 -};
 -
  /*
   * Since we want to write the index eventually, we cannot reuse the index
   * for these (temporary) data.
   */
  struct stage_data {
 -      struct {
 -              unsigned mode;
 -              struct object_id oid;
 -      } stages[4];
 +      struct diff_filespec stages[4]; /* mostly for oid & mode; maybe path */
        struct rename_conflict_info *rename_conflict_info;
        unsigned processed:1;
  };
  
 +struct rename {
 +      unsigned processed:1;
 +      struct diff_filepair *pair;
 +      const char *branch; /* branch that the rename occurred on */
 +      /*
 +       * If directory rename detection affected this rename, what was its
 +       * original type ('A' or 'R') and it's original destination before
 +       * the directory rename (otherwise, '\0' and NULL for these two vars).
 +       */
 +      char dir_rename_original_type;
 +      char *dir_rename_original_dest;
 +      /*
 +       * Purpose of src_entry and dst_entry:
 +       *
 +       * If 'before' is renamed to 'after' then src_entry will contain
 +       * the versions of 'before' from the merge_base, HEAD, and MERGE in
 +       * stages 1, 2, and 3; dst_entry will contain the respective
 +       * versions of 'after' in corresponding locations.  Thus, we have a
 +       * total of six modes and oids, though some will be null.  (Stage 0
 +       * is ignored; we're interested in handling conflicts.)
 +       *
 +       * Since we don't turn on break-rewrites by default, neither
 +       * src_entry nor dst_entry can have all three of their stages have
 +       * non-null oids, meaning at most four of the six will be non-null.
 +       * Also, since this is a rename, both src_entry and dst_entry will
 +       * have at least one non-null oid, meaning at least two will be
 +       * non-null.  Of the six oids, a typical rename will have three be
 +       * non-null.  Only two implies a rename/delete, and four implies a
 +       * rename/add.
 +       */
 +      struct stage_data *src_entry;
 +      struct stage_data *dst_entry;
 +};
 +
 +struct rename_conflict_info {
 +      enum rename_type rename_type;
 +      struct rename *ren1;
 +      struct rename *ren2;
 +};
 +
  static inline void setup_rename_conflict_info(enum rename_type rename_type,
 -                                            struct diff_filepair *pair1,
 -                                            struct diff_filepair *pair2,
 -                                            const char *branch1,
 -                                            const char *branch2,
 -                                            struct stage_data *dst_entry1,
 -                                            struct stage_data *dst_entry2,
 -                                            struct merge_options *o,
 -                                            struct stage_data *src_entry1,
 -                                            struct stage_data *src_entry2)
 -{
 -      int ostage1 = 0, ostage2;
 +                                            struct merge_options *opt,
 +                                            struct rename *ren1,
 +                                            struct rename *ren2)
 +{
        struct rename_conflict_info *ci;
  
        /*
         * When we have two renames involved, it's easiest to get the
         * correct things into stage 2 and 3, and to make sure that the
         * content merge puts HEAD before the other branch if we just
 -       * ensure that branch1 == o->branch1.  So, simply flip arguments
 +       * ensure that branch1 == opt->branch1.  So, simply flip arguments
         * around if we don't have that.
         */
 -      if (dst_entry2 && branch1 != o->branch1) {
 -              setup_rename_conflict_info(rename_type,
 -                                         pair2,      pair1,
 -                                         branch2,    branch1,
 -                                         dst_entry2, dst_entry1,
 -                                         o,
 -                                         src_entry2, src_entry1);
 +      if (ren2 && ren1->branch != opt->branch1) {
 +              setup_rename_conflict_info(rename_type, opt, ren2, ren1);
                return;
        }
  
        ci = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct rename_conflict_info));
        ci->rename_type = rename_type;
 -      ci->pair1 = pair1;
 -      ci->branch1 = branch1;
 -      ci->branch2 = branch2;
 +      ci->ren1 = ren1;
 +      ci->ren2 = ren2;
  
 -      ci->dst_entry1 = dst_entry1;
 -      dst_entry1->rename_conflict_info = ci;
 -      dst_entry1->processed = 0;
 -
 -      assert(!pair2 == !dst_entry2);
 -      if (dst_entry2) {
 -              ci->dst_entry2 = dst_entry2;
 -              ci->pair2 = pair2;
 -              dst_entry2->rename_conflict_info = ci;
 -      }
 -
 -      /*
 -       * For each rename, there could have been
 -       * modifications on the side of history where that
 -       * file was not renamed.
 -       */
 -      if (rename_type == RENAME_ADD ||
 -          rename_type == RENAME_TWO_FILES_TO_ONE) {
 -              ostage1 = o->branch1 == branch1 ? 3 : 2;
 -
 -              ci->ren1_other.path = pair1->one->path;
 -              oidcpy(&ci->ren1_other.oid, &src_entry1->stages[ostage1].oid);
 -              ci->ren1_other.mode = src_entry1->stages[ostage1].mode;
 -      }
 -
 -      if (rename_type == RENAME_TWO_FILES_TO_ONE) {
 -              ostage2 = ostage1 ^ 1;
 -
 -              ci->ren2_other.path = pair2->one->path;
 -              oidcpy(&ci->ren2_other.oid, &src_entry2->stages[ostage2].oid);
 -              ci->ren2_other.mode = src_entry2->stages[ostage2].mode;
 +      ci->ren1->dst_entry->processed = 0;
 +      ci->ren1->dst_entry->rename_conflict_info = ci;
 +      if (ren2) {
 +              ci->ren2->dst_entry->rename_conflict_info = ci;
        }
  }
  
 -static int show(struct merge_options *o, int v)
 +static int show(struct merge_options *opt, int v)
  {
 -      return (!o->call_depth && o->verbosity >= v) || o->verbosity >= 5;
 +      return (!opt->call_depth && opt->verbosity >= v) || opt->verbosity >= 5;
  }
  
  __attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 -static void output(struct merge_options *o, int v, const char *fmt, ...)
 +static void output(struct merge_options *opt, int v, const char *fmt, ...)
  {
        va_list ap;
  
 -      if (!show(o, v))
 +      if (!show(opt, v))
                return;
  
 -      strbuf_addchars(&o->obuf, ' ', o->call_depth * 2);
 +      strbuf_addchars(&opt->obuf, ' ', opt->call_depth * 2);
  
        va_start(ap, fmt);
 -      strbuf_vaddf(&o->obuf, fmt, ap);
 +      strbuf_vaddf(&opt->obuf, fmt, ap);
        va_end(ap);
  
 -      strbuf_addch(&o->obuf, '\n');
 -      if (!o->buffer_output)
 -              flush_output(o);
 +      strbuf_addch(&opt->obuf, '\n');
 +      if (!opt->buffer_output)
 +              flush_output(opt);
  }
  
 -static void output_commit_title(struct merge_options *o, struct commit *commit)
 +static void output_commit_title(struct merge_options *opt, struct commit *commit)
  {
        struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
  
 -      strbuf_addchars(&o->obuf, ' ', o->call_depth * 2);
 +      strbuf_addchars(&opt->obuf, ' ', opt->call_depth * 2);
        desc = merge_remote_util(commit);
        if (desc)
 -              strbuf_addf(&o->obuf, "virtual %s\n", desc->name);
 +              strbuf_addf(&opt->obuf, "virtual %s\n", desc->name);
        else {
 -              strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&o->obuf, &commit->object.oid,
 +              strbuf_add_unique_abbrev(&opt->obuf, &commit->object.oid,
                                         DEFAULT_ABBREV);
 -              strbuf_addch(&o->obuf, ' ');
 +              strbuf_addch(&opt->obuf, ' ');
                if (parse_commit(commit) != 0)
 -                      strbuf_addstr(&o->obuf, _("(bad commit)\n"));
 +                      strbuf_addstr(&opt->obuf, _("(bad commit)\n"));
                else {
                        const char *title;
                        const char *msg = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
                        int len = find_commit_subject(msg, &title);
                        if (len)
 -                              strbuf_addf(&o->obuf, "%.*s\n", len, title);
 +                              strbuf_addf(&opt->obuf, "%.*s\n", len, title);
                        unuse_commit_buffer(commit, msg);
                }
        }
 -      flush_output(o);
 +      flush_output(opt);
  }
  
 -static int add_cacheinfo(struct merge_options *o,
 -                       unsigned int mode, const struct object_id *oid,
 +static int add_cacheinfo(struct merge_options *opt,
 +                       const struct diff_filespec *blob,
                         const char *path, int stage, int refresh, int options)
  {
 -      struct index_state *istate = o->repo->index;
 +      struct index_state *istate = opt->repo->index;
        struct cache_entry *ce;
        int ret;
  
 -      ce = make_cache_entry(istate, mode, oid ? oid : &null_oid, path, stage, 0);
 +      ce = make_cache_entry(istate, blob->mode, &blob->oid, path, stage, 0);
        if (!ce)
 -              return err(o, _("add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."), path);
 +              return err(opt, _("add_cacheinfo failed for path '%s'; merge aborting."), path);
  
        ret = add_index_entry(istate, ce, options);
        if (refresh) {
                nce = refresh_cache_entry(istate, ce,
                                          CE_MATCH_REFRESH | CE_MATCH_IGNORE_MISSING);
                if (!nce)
 -                      return err(o, _("add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."), path);
 +                      return err(opt, _("add_cacheinfo failed to refresh for path '%s'; merge aborting."), path);
                if (nce != ce)
                        ret = add_index_entry(istate, nce, options);
        }
@@@ -359,7 -379,7 +364,7 @@@ static void init_tree_desc_from_tree(st
        init_tree_desc(desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
  }
  
 -static int unpack_trees_start(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int unpack_trees_start(struct merge_options *opt,
                              struct tree *common,
                              struct tree *head,
                              struct tree *merge)
        struct tree_desc t[3];
        struct index_state tmp_index = { NULL };
  
 -      memset(&o->unpack_opts, 0, sizeof(o->unpack_opts));
 -      if (o->call_depth)
 -              o->unpack_opts.index_only = 1;
 +      memset(&opt->unpack_opts, 0, sizeof(opt->unpack_opts));
 +      if (opt->call_depth)
 +              opt->unpack_opts.index_only = 1;
        else
 -              o->unpack_opts.update = 1;
 -      o->unpack_opts.merge = 1;
 -      o->unpack_opts.head_idx = 2;
 -      o->unpack_opts.fn = threeway_merge;
 -      o->unpack_opts.src_index = o->repo->index;
 -      o->unpack_opts.dst_index = &tmp_index;
 -      o->unpack_opts.aggressive = !merge_detect_rename(o);
 -      setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(&o->unpack_opts, "merge");
 +              opt->unpack_opts.update = 1;
 +      opt->unpack_opts.merge = 1;
 +      opt->unpack_opts.head_idx = 2;
 +      opt->unpack_opts.fn = threeway_merge;
 +      opt->unpack_opts.src_index = opt->repo->index;
 +      opt->unpack_opts.dst_index = &tmp_index;
 +      opt->unpack_opts.aggressive = !merge_detect_rename(opt);
 +      setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(&opt->unpack_opts, "merge");
  
        init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+0, common);
        init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+1, head);
        init_tree_desc_from_tree(t+2, merge);
  
 -      rc = unpack_trees(3, t, &o->unpack_opts);
 -      cache_tree_free(&o->repo->index->cache_tree);
 +      rc = unpack_trees(3, t, &opt->unpack_opts);
 +      cache_tree_free(&opt->repo->index->cache_tree);
  
        /*
 -       * Update o->repo->index to match the new results, AFTER saving a copy
 -       * in o->orig_index.  Update src_index to point to the saved copy.
 +       * Update opt->repo->index to match the new results, AFTER saving a copy
 +       * in opt->orig_index.  Update src_index to point to the saved copy.
         * (verify_uptodate() checks src_index, and the original index is
         * the one that had the necessary modification timestamps.)
         */
 -      o->orig_index = *o->repo->index;
 -      *o->repo->index = tmp_index;
 -      o->unpack_opts.src_index = &o->orig_index;
 +      opt->orig_index = *opt->repo->index;
 +      *opt->repo->index = tmp_index;
 +      opt->unpack_opts.src_index = &opt->orig_index;
  
        return rc;
  }
  
 -static void unpack_trees_finish(struct merge_options *o)
 +static void unpack_trees_finish(struct merge_options *opt)
  {
 -      discard_index(&o->orig_index);
 -      clear_unpack_trees_porcelain(&o->unpack_opts);
 +      discard_index(&opt->orig_index);
 +      clear_unpack_trees_porcelain(&opt->unpack_opts);
  }
  
 -struct tree *write_tree_from_memory(struct merge_options *o)
 +struct tree *write_tree_from_memory(struct merge_options *opt)
  {
        struct tree *result = NULL;
 -      struct index_state *istate = o->repo->index;
 +      struct index_state *istate = opt->repo->index;
  
        if (unmerged_index(istate)) {
                int i;
  
        if (!cache_tree_fully_valid(istate->cache_tree) &&
            cache_tree_update(istate, 0) < 0) {
 -              err(o, _("error building trees"));
 +              err(opt, _("error building trees"));
                return NULL;
        }
  
 -      result = lookup_tree(o->repo, &istate->cache_tree->oid);
 +      result = lookup_tree(opt->repo, &istate->cache_tree->oid);
  
        return result;
  }
@@@ -444,36 -464,37 +449,36 @@@ static int save_files_dirs(const struc
  {
        struct path_hashmap_entry *entry;
        int baselen = base->len;
 -      struct merge_options *o = context;
 +      struct merge_options *opt = context;
  
        strbuf_addstr(base, path);
  
        FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(entry, path, base->buf, base->len);
        hashmap_entry_init(entry, path_hash(entry->path));
 -      hashmap_add(&o->current_file_dir_set, entry);
 +      hashmap_add(&opt->current_file_dir_set, entry);
  
        strbuf_setlen(base, baselen);
        return (S_ISDIR(mode) ? READ_TREE_RECURSIVE : 0);
  }
  
 -static void get_files_dirs(struct merge_options *o, struct tree *tree)
 +static void get_files_dirs(struct merge_options *opt, struct tree *tree)
  {
        struct pathspec match_all;
        memset(&match_all, 0, sizeof(match_all));
        read_tree_recursive(the_repository, tree, "", 0, 0,
 -                          &match_all, save_files_dirs, o);
 +                          &match_all, save_files_dirs, opt);
  }
  
  static int get_tree_entry_if_blob(const struct object_id *tree,
                                  const char *path,
 -                                struct object_id *hashy,
 -                                unsigned int *mode_o)
 +                                struct diff_filespec *dfs)
  {
        int ret;
  
 -      ret = get_tree_entry(tree, path, hashy, mode_o);
 -      if (S_ISDIR(*mode_o)) {
 -              oidcpy(hashy, &null_oid);
 -              *mode_o = 0;
 +      ret = get_tree_entry(tree, path, &dfs->oid, &dfs->mode);
 +      if (S_ISDIR(dfs->mode)) {
 +              oidcpy(&dfs->oid, &null_oid);
 +              dfs->mode = 0;
        }
        return ret;
  }
@@@ -488,9 -509,12 +493,9 @@@ static struct stage_data *insert_stage_
  {
        struct string_list_item *item;
        struct stage_data *e = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct stage_data));
 -      get_tree_entry_if_blob(&o->object.oid, path,
 -                             &e->stages[1].oid, &e->stages[1].mode);
 -      get_tree_entry_if_blob(&a->object.oid, path,
 -                             &e->stages[2].oid, &e->stages[2].mode);
 -      get_tree_entry_if_blob(&b->object.oid, path,
 -                             &e->stages[3].oid, &e->stages[3].mode);
 +      get_tree_entry_if_blob(&o->object.oid, path, &e->stages[1]);
 +      get_tree_entry_if_blob(&a->object.oid, path, &e->stages[2]);
 +      get_tree_entry_if_blob(&b->object.oid, path, &e->stages[3]);
        item = string_list_insert(entries, path);
        item->util = e;
        return e;
@@@ -554,7 -578,7 +559,7 @@@ static int string_list_df_name_compare(
        return onelen - twolen;
  }
  
 -static void record_df_conflict_files(struct merge_options *o,
 +static void record_df_conflict_files(struct merge_options *opt,
                                     struct string_list *entries)
  {
        /* If there is a D/F conflict and the file for such a conflict
         * If we're merging merge-bases, we don't want to bother with
         * any working directory changes.
         */
 -      if (o->call_depth)
 +      if (opt->call_depth)
                return;
  
        /* Ensure D/F conflicts are adjacent in the entries list. */
        df_sorted_entries.cmp = string_list_df_name_compare;
        string_list_sort(&df_sorted_entries);
  
 -      string_list_clear(&o->df_conflict_file_set, 1);
 +      string_list_clear(&opt->df_conflict_file_set, 1);
        for (i = 0; i < df_sorted_entries.nr; i++) {
                const char *path = df_sorted_entries.items[i].string;
                int len = strlen(path);
                    len > last_len &&
                    memcmp(path, last_file, last_len) == 0 &&
                    path[last_len] == '/') {
 -                      string_list_insert(&o->df_conflict_file_set, last_file);
 +                      string_list_insert(&opt->df_conflict_file_set, last_file);
                }
  
                /*
        string_list_clear(&df_sorted_entries, 0);
  }
  
 -struct rename {
 -      struct diff_filepair *pair;
 -      /*
 -       * Purpose of src_entry and dst_entry:
 -       *
 -       * If 'before' is renamed to 'after' then src_entry will contain
 -       * the versions of 'before' from the merge_base, HEAD, and MERGE in
 -       * stages 1, 2, and 3; dst_entry will contain the respective
 -       * versions of 'after' in corresponding locations.  Thus, we have a
 -       * total of six modes and oids, though some will be null.  (Stage 0
 -       * is ignored; we're interested in handling conflicts.)
 -       *
 -       * Since we don't turn on break-rewrites by default, neither
 -       * src_entry nor dst_entry can have all three of their stages have
 -       * non-null oids, meaning at most four of the six will be non-null.
 -       * Also, since this is a rename, both src_entry and dst_entry will
 -       * have at least one non-null oid, meaning at least two will be
 -       * non-null.  Of the six oids, a typical rename will have three be
 -       * non-null.  Only two implies a rename/delete, and four implies a
 -       * rename/add.
 -       */
 -      struct stage_data *src_entry;
 -      struct stage_data *dst_entry;
 -      unsigned add_turned_into_rename:1;
 -      unsigned processed:1;
 -};
 -
  static int update_stages(struct merge_options *opt, const char *path,
                         const struct diff_filespec *o,
                         const struct diff_filespec *a,
                if (remove_file_from_index(opt->repo->index, path))
                        return -1;
        if (o)
 -              if (add_cacheinfo(opt, o->mode, &o->oid, path, 1, 0, options))
 +              if (add_cacheinfo(opt, o, path, 1, 0, options))
                        return -1;
        if (a)
 -              if (add_cacheinfo(opt, a->mode, &a->oid, path, 2, 0, options))
 +              if (add_cacheinfo(opt, a, path, 2, 0, options))
                        return -1;
        if (b)
 -              if (add_cacheinfo(opt, b->mode, &b->oid, path, 3, 0, options))
 +              if (add_cacheinfo(opt, b, path, 3, 0, options))
                        return -1;
        return 0;
  }
@@@ -671,20 -722,20 +676,20 @@@ static void update_entry(struct stage_d
        oidcpy(&entry->stages[3].oid, &b->oid);
  }
  
 -static int remove_file(struct merge_options *o, int clean,
 +static int remove_file(struct merge_options *opt, int clean,
                       const char *path, int no_wd)
  {
 -      int update_cache = o->call_depth || clean;
 -      int update_working_directory = !o->call_depth && !no_wd;
 +      int update_cache = opt->call_depth || clean;
 +      int update_working_directory = !opt->call_depth && !no_wd;
  
        if (update_cache) {
 -              if (remove_file_from_index(o->repo->index, path))
 +              if (remove_file_from_index(opt->repo->index, path))
                        return -1;
        }
        if (update_working_directory) {
                if (ignore_case) {
                        struct cache_entry *ce;
 -                      ce = index_file_exists(o->repo->index, path, strlen(path),
 +                      ce = index_file_exists(opt->repo->index, path, strlen(path),
                                               ignore_case);
                        if (ce && ce_stage(ce) == 0 && strcmp(path, ce->name))
                                return 0;
@@@ -705,7 -756,7 +710,7 @@@ static void add_flattened_path(struct s
                        out->buf[i] = '_';
  }
  
 -static char *unique_path(struct merge_options *o, const char *path, const char *branch)
 +static char *unique_path(struct merge_options *opt, const char *path, const char *branch)
  {
        struct path_hashmap_entry *entry;
        struct strbuf newpath = STRBUF_INIT;
        add_flattened_path(&newpath, branch);
  
        base_len = newpath.len;
 -      while (hashmap_get_from_hash(&o->current_file_dir_set,
 +      while (hashmap_get_from_hash(&opt->current_file_dir_set,
                                     path_hash(newpath.buf), newpath.buf) ||
 -             (!o->call_depth && file_exists(newpath.buf))) {
 +             (!opt->call_depth && file_exists(newpath.buf))) {
                strbuf_setlen(&newpath, base_len);
                strbuf_addf(&newpath, "_%d", suffix++);
        }
  
        FLEX_ALLOC_MEM(entry, path, newpath.buf, newpath.len);
        hashmap_entry_init(entry, path_hash(entry->path));
 -      hashmap_add(&o->current_file_dir_set, entry);
 +      hashmap_add(&opt->current_file_dir_set, entry);
        return strbuf_detach(&newpath, NULL);
  }
  
@@@ -764,10 -815,10 +769,10 @@@ static int dir_in_way(struct index_stat
   * Returns whether path was tracked in the index before the merge started,
   * and its oid and mode match the specified values
   */
 -static int was_tracked_and_matches(struct merge_options *o, const char *path,
 -                                 const struct object_id *oid, unsigned mode)
 +static int was_tracked_and_matches(struct merge_options *opt, const char *path,
 +                                 const struct diff_filespec *blob)
  {
 -      int pos = index_name_pos(&o->orig_index, path, strlen(path));
 +      int pos = index_name_pos(&opt->orig_index, path, strlen(path));
        struct cache_entry *ce;
  
        if (0 > pos)
                return 0;
  
        /* See if the file we were tracking before matches */
 -      ce = o->orig_index.cache[pos];
 -      return (oid_eq(&ce->oid, oid) && ce->ce_mode == mode);
 +      ce = opt->orig_index.cache[pos];
 +      return (oid_eq(&ce->oid, &blob->oid) && ce->ce_mode == blob->mode);
  }
  
  /*
   * Returns whether path was tracked in the index before the merge started
   */
 -static int was_tracked(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
 +static int was_tracked(struct merge_options *opt, const char *path)
  {
 -      int pos = index_name_pos(&o->orig_index, path, strlen(path));
 +      int pos = index_name_pos(&opt->orig_index, path, strlen(path));
  
        if (0 <= pos)
                /* we were tracking this path before the merge */
        return 0;
  }
  
 -static int would_lose_untracked(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
 +static int would_lose_untracked(struct merge_options *opt, const char *path)
  {
 -      struct index_state *istate = o->repo->index;
 +      struct index_state *istate = opt->repo->index;
  
        /*
         * This may look like it can be simplified to:
 -       *   return !was_tracked(o, path) && file_exists(path)
 +       *   return !was_tracked(opt, path) && file_exists(path)
         * but it can't.  This function needs to know whether path was in
         * the working tree due to EITHER having been tracked in the index
         * before the merge OR having been put into the working copy and
        return file_exists(path);
  }
  
 -static int was_dirty(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
 +static int was_dirty(struct merge_options *opt, const char *path)
  {
        struct cache_entry *ce;
        int dirty = 1;
  
 -      if (o->call_depth || !was_tracked(o, path))
 +      if (opt->call_depth || !was_tracked(opt, path))
                return !dirty;
  
 -      ce = index_file_exists(o->unpack_opts.src_index,
 +      ce = index_file_exists(opt->unpack_opts.src_index,
                               path, strlen(path), ignore_case);
 -      dirty = verify_uptodate(ce, &o->unpack_opts) != 0;
 +      dirty = verify_uptodate(ce, &opt->unpack_opts) != 0;
        return dirty;
  }
  
 -static int make_room_for_path(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
 +static int make_room_for_path(struct merge_options *opt, const char *path)
  {
        int status, i;
        const char *msg = _("failed to create path '%s'%s");
  
        /* Unlink any D/F conflict files that are in the way */
 -      for (i = 0; i < o->df_conflict_file_set.nr; i++) {
 -              const char *df_path = o->df_conflict_file_set.items[i].string;
 +      for (i = 0; i < opt->df_conflict_file_set.nr; i++) {
 +              const char *df_path = opt->df_conflict_file_set.items[i].string;
                size_t pathlen = strlen(path);
                size_t df_pathlen = strlen(df_path);
                if (df_pathlen < pathlen &&
                    path[df_pathlen] == '/' &&
                    strncmp(path, df_path, df_pathlen) == 0) {
 -                      output(o, 3,
 +                      output(opt, 3,
                               _("Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"),
                               df_path);
                        unlink(df_path);
 -                      unsorted_string_list_delete_item(&o->df_conflict_file_set,
 +                      unsorted_string_list_delete_item(&opt->df_conflict_file_set,
                                                         i, 0);
                        break;
                }
        if (status) {
                if (status == SCLD_EXISTS)
                        /* something else exists */
 -                      return err(o, msg, path, _(": perhaps a D/F conflict?"));
 -              return err(o, msg, path, "");
 +                      return err(opt, msg, path, _(": perhaps a D/F conflict?"));
 +              return err(opt, msg, path, "");
        }
  
        /*
         * Do not unlink a file in the work tree if we are not
         * tracking it.
         */
 -      if (would_lose_untracked(o, path))
 -              return err(o, _("refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"),
 +      if (would_lose_untracked(opt, path))
 +              return err(opt, _("refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"),
                           path);
  
        /* Successful unlink is good.. */
        if (errno == ENOENT)
                return 0;
        /* .. but not some other error (who really cares what?) */
 -      return err(o, msg, path, _(": perhaps a D/F conflict?"));
 +      return err(opt, msg, path, _(": perhaps a D/F conflict?"));
  }
  
 -static int update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
 -                           const struct object_id *oid,
 -                           unsigned mode,
 +static int update_file_flags(struct merge_options *opt,
 +                           const struct diff_filespec *contents,
                             const char *path,
                             int update_cache,
                             int update_wd)
  {
        int ret = 0;
  
 -      if (o->call_depth)
 +      if (opt->call_depth)
                update_wd = 0;
  
        if (update_wd) {
                void *buf;
                unsigned long size;
  
 -              if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
 +              if (S_ISGITLINK(contents->mode)) {
                        /*
                         * We may later decide to recursively descend into
                         * the submodule directory and update its index
                        goto update_index;
                }
  
 -              buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
 +              buf = read_object_file(&contents->oid, &type, &size);
                if (!buf)
 -                      return err(o, _("cannot read object %s '%s'"), oid_to_hex(oid), path);
 +                      return err(opt, _("cannot read object %s '%s'"),
 +                                 oid_to_hex(&contents->oid), path);
                if (type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 -                      ret = err(o, _("blob expected for %s '%s'"), oid_to_hex(oid), path);
 +                      ret = err(opt, _("blob expected for %s '%s'"),
 +                                oid_to_hex(&contents->oid), path);
                        goto free_buf;
                }
 -              if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
 +              if (S_ISREG(contents->mode)) {
                        struct strbuf strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 -                      if (convert_to_working_tree(o->repo->index, path, buf, size, &strbuf)) {
 +                      if (convert_to_working_tree(opt->repo->index, path, buf, size, &strbuf)) {
                                free(buf);
                                size = strbuf.len;
                                buf = strbuf_detach(&strbuf, NULL);
                        }
                }
  
 -              if (make_room_for_path(o, path) < 0) {
 +              if (make_room_for_path(opt, path) < 0) {
                        update_wd = 0;
                        goto free_buf;
                }
 -              if (S_ISREG(mode) || (!has_symlinks && S_ISLNK(mode))) {
 +              if (S_ISREG(contents->mode) ||
 +                  (!has_symlinks && S_ISLNK(contents->mode))) {
                        int fd;
 -                      if (mode & 0100)
 -                              mode = 0777;
 -                      else
 -                              mode = 0666;
 +                      int mode = (contents->mode & 0100 ? 0777 : 0666);
 +
                        fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, mode);
                        if (fd < 0) {
 -                              ret = err(o, _("failed to open '%s': %s"),
 +                              ret = err(opt, _("failed to open '%s': %s"),
                                          path, strerror(errno));
                                goto free_buf;
                        }
                        write_in_full(fd, buf, size);
                        close(fd);
 -              } else if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
 +              } else if (S_ISLNK(contents->mode)) {
                        char *lnk = xmemdupz(buf, size);
                        safe_create_leading_directories_const(path);
                        unlink(path);
                        if (symlink(lnk, path))
 -                              ret = err(o, _("failed to symlink '%s': %s"),
 +                              ret = err(opt, _("failed to symlink '%s': %s"),
                                          path, strerror(errno));
                        free(lnk);
                } else
 -                      ret = err(o,
 +                      ret = err(opt,
                                  _("do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"),
 -                                mode, oid_to_hex(oid), path);
 +                                contents->mode, oid_to_hex(&contents->oid), path);
        free_buf:
                free(buf);
        }
  update_index:
        if (!ret && update_cache)
 -              if (add_cacheinfo(o, mode, oid, path, 0, update_wd,
 +              if (add_cacheinfo(opt, contents, path, 0, update_wd,
                                  ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD))
                        return -1;
        return ret;
  }
  
 -static int update_file(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int update_file(struct merge_options *opt,
                       int clean,
 -                     const struct object_id *oid,
 -                     unsigned mode,
 +                     const struct diff_filespec *contents,
                       const char *path)
  {
 -      return update_file_flags(o, oid, mode, path, o->call_depth || clean, !o->call_depth);
 +      return update_file_flags(opt, contents, path,
 +                               opt->call_depth || clean, !opt->call_depth);
  }
  
  /* Low level file merging, update and removal */
  
  struct merge_file_info {
 -      struct object_id oid;
 -      unsigned mode;
 +      struct diff_filespec blob; /* mostly use oid & mode; sometimes path */
        unsigned clean:1,
                 merge:1;
  };
  
 -static int merge_3way(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int merge_3way(struct merge_options *opt,
                      mmbuffer_t *result_buf,
 -                    const struct diff_filespec *one,
 +                    const struct diff_filespec *o,
                      const struct diff_filespec *a,
                      const struct diff_filespec *b,
                      const char *branch1,
        char *base_name, *name1, *name2;
        int merge_status;
  
 -      ll_opts.renormalize = o->renormalize;
 +      ll_opts.renormalize = opt->renormalize;
        ll_opts.extra_marker_size = extra_marker_size;
 -      ll_opts.xdl_opts = o->xdl_opts;
 +      ll_opts.xdl_opts = opt->xdl_opts;
  
 -      if (o->call_depth) {
 +      if (opt->call_depth) {
                ll_opts.virtual_ancestor = 1;
                ll_opts.variant = 0;
        } else {
 -              switch (o->recursive_variant) {
 +              switch (opt->recursive_variant) {
                case MERGE_RECURSIVE_OURS:
                        ll_opts.variant = XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS;
                        break;
                }
        }
  
 +      assert(a->path && b->path);
        if (strcmp(a->path, b->path) ||
 -          (o->ancestor != NULL && strcmp(a->path, one->path) != 0)) {
 -              base_name = o->ancestor == NULL ? NULL :
 -                      mkpathdup("%s:%s", o->ancestor, one->path);
 +          (opt->ancestor != NULL && strcmp(a->path, o->path) != 0)) {
 +              base_name = opt->ancestor == NULL ? NULL :
 +                      mkpathdup("%s:%s", opt->ancestor, o->path);
                name1 = mkpathdup("%s:%s", branch1, a->path);
                name2 = mkpathdup("%s:%s", branch2, b->path);
        } else {
 -              base_name = o->ancestor == NULL ? NULL :
 -                      mkpathdup("%s", o->ancestor);
 +              base_name = opt->ancestor == NULL ? NULL :
 +                      mkpathdup("%s", opt->ancestor);
                name1 = mkpathdup("%s", branch1);
                name2 = mkpathdup("%s", branch2);
        }
  
 -      read_mmblob(&orig, &one->oid);
 +      read_mmblob(&orig, &o->oid);
        read_mmblob(&src1, &a->oid);
        read_mmblob(&src2, &b->oid);
  
        merge_status = ll_merge(result_buf, a->path, &orig, base_name,
                                &src1, name1, &src2, name2,
 -                              o->repo->index, &ll_opts);
 +                              opt->repo->index, &ll_opts);
  
        free(base_name);
        free(name1);
@@@ -1076,7 -1127,7 +1081,7 @@@ static int find_first_merges(struct rep
        struct commit *commit;
        int contains_another;
  
 -      char merged_revision[42];
 +      char merged_revision[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 2];
        const char *rev_args[] = { "rev-list", "--merges", "--ancestry-path",
                                   "--all", merged_revision, NULL };
        struct rev_info revs;
@@@ -1138,12 -1189,7 +1143,12 @@@ static void print_commit(struct commit 
        strbuf_release(&sb);
  }
  
 -static int merge_submodule(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int is_valid(const struct diff_filespec *dfs)
 +{
 +      return dfs->mode != 0 && !is_null_oid(&dfs->oid);
 +}
 +
 +static int merge_submodule(struct merge_options *opt,
                           struct object_id *result, const char *path,
                           const struct object_id *base, const struct object_id *a,
                           const struct object_id *b)
        struct object_array merges;
  
        int i;
 -      int search = !o->call_depth;
 +      int search = !opt->call_depth;
  
        /* store a in result in case we fail */
        oidcpy(result, a);
                return 0;
  
        if (add_submodule_odb(path)) {
 -              output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"), path);
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (not checked out)"), path);
                return 0;
        }
  
 -      if (!(commit_base = lookup_commit_reference(o->repo, base)) ||
 -          !(commit_a = lookup_commit_reference(o->repo, a)) ||
 -          !(commit_b = lookup_commit_reference(o->repo, b))) {
 -              output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"), path);
 +      if (!(commit_base = lookup_commit_reference(opt->repo, base)) ||
 +          !(commit_a = lookup_commit_reference(opt->repo, a)) ||
 +          !(commit_b = lookup_commit_reference(opt->repo, b))) {
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (commits not present)"), path);
                return 0;
        }
  
        /* check whether both changes are forward */
        if (!in_merge_bases(commit_base, commit_a) ||
            !in_merge_bases(commit_base, commit_b)) {
 -              output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"), path);
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (commits don't follow merge-base)"), path);
                return 0;
        }
  
        /* Case #1: a is contained in b or vice versa */
        if (in_merge_bases(commit_a, commit_b)) {
                oidcpy(result, b);
 -              if (show(o, 3)) {
 -                      output(o, 3, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"), path);
 -                      output_commit_title(o, commit_b);
 -              } else if (show(o, 2))
 -                      output(o, 2, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s"), path);
 +              if (show(opt, 3)) {
 +                      output(opt, 3, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"), path);
 +                      output_commit_title(opt, commit_b);
 +              } else if (show(opt, 2))
 +                      output(opt, 2, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s"), path);
                else
                        ; /* no output */
  
        }
        if (in_merge_bases(commit_b, commit_a)) {
                oidcpy(result, a);
 -              if (show(o, 3)) {
 -                      output(o, 3, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"), path);
 -                      output_commit_title(o, commit_a);
 -              } else if (show(o, 2))
 -                      output(o, 2, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s"), path);
 +              if (show(opt, 3)) {
 +                      output(opt, 3, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s to the following commit:"), path);
 +                      output_commit_title(opt, commit_a);
 +              } else if (show(opt, 2))
 +                      output(opt, 2, _("Fast-forwarding submodule %s"), path);
                else
                        ; /* no output */
  
                return 0;
  
        /* find commit which merges them */
 -      parent_count = find_first_merges(o->repo, &merges, path,
 +      parent_count = find_first_merges(opt->repo, &merges, path,
                                         commit_a, commit_b);
        switch (parent_count) {
        case 0:
 -              output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"), path);
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (merge following commits not found)"), path);
                break;
  
        case 1:
 -              output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"), path);
 -              output(o, 2, _("Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"));
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (not fast-forward)"), path);
 +              output(opt, 2, _("Found a possible merge resolution for the submodule:\n"));
                print_commit((struct commit *) merges.objects[0].item);
 -              output(o, 2, _(
 +              output(opt, 2, _(
                       "If this is correct simply add it to the index "
                       "for example\n"
                       "by using:\n\n"
                break;
  
        default:
 -              output(o, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"), path);
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Failed to merge submodule %s (multiple merges found)"), path);
                for (i = 0; i < merges.nr; i++)
                        print_commit((struct commit *) merges.objects[i].item);
        }
        return 0;
  }
  
 -static int merge_mode_and_contents(struct merge_options *o,
 -                                 const struct diff_filespec *one,
 +static int merge_mode_and_contents(struct merge_options *opt,
 +                                 const struct diff_filespec *o,
                                   const struct diff_filespec *a,
                                   const struct diff_filespec *b,
                                   const char *filename,
                                   const int extra_marker_size,
                                   struct merge_file_info *result)
  {
 -      if (o->branch1 != branch1) {
 +      if (opt->branch1 != branch1) {
                /*
                 * It's weird getting a reverse merge with HEAD on the bottom
                 * side of the conflict markers and the other branch on the
                 * top.  Fix that.
                 */
 -              return merge_mode_and_contents(o, one, b, a,
 +              return merge_mode_and_contents(opt, o, b, a,
                                               filename,
                                               branch2, branch1,
                                               extra_marker_size, result);
        if ((S_IFMT & a->mode) != (S_IFMT & b->mode)) {
                result->clean = 0;
                if (S_ISREG(a->mode)) {
 -                      result->mode = a->mode;
 -                      oidcpy(&result->oid, &a->oid);
 +                      result->blob.mode = a->mode;
 +                      oidcpy(&result->blob.oid, &a->oid);
                } else {
 -                      result->mode = b->mode;
 -                      oidcpy(&result->oid, &b->oid);
 +                      result->blob.mode = b->mode;
 +                      oidcpy(&result->blob.oid, &b->oid);
                }
        } else {
 -              if (!oid_eq(&a->oid, &one->oid) && !oid_eq(&b->oid, &one->oid))
 +              if (!oid_eq(&a->oid, &o->oid) && !oid_eq(&b->oid, &o->oid))
                        result->merge = 1;
  
                /*
                 * Merge modes
                 */
 -              if (a->mode == b->mode || a->mode == one->mode)
 -                      result->mode = b->mode;
 +              if (a->mode == b->mode || a->mode == o->mode)
 +                      result->blob.mode = b->mode;
                else {
 -                      result->mode = a->mode;
 -                      if (b->mode != one->mode) {
 +                      result->blob.mode = a->mode;
 +                      if (b->mode != o->mode) {
                                result->clean = 0;
                                result->merge = 1;
                        }
                }
  
 -              if (oid_eq(&a->oid, &b->oid) || oid_eq(&a->oid, &one->oid))
 -                      oidcpy(&result->oid, &b->oid);
 -              else if (oid_eq(&b->oid, &one->oid))
 -                      oidcpy(&result->oid, &a->oid);
 +              if (oid_eq(&a->oid, &b->oid) || oid_eq(&a->oid, &o->oid))
 +                      oidcpy(&result->blob.oid, &b->oid);
 +              else if (oid_eq(&b->oid, &o->oid))
 +                      oidcpy(&result->blob.oid, &a->oid);
                else if (S_ISREG(a->mode)) {
                        mmbuffer_t result_buf;
                        int ret = 0, merge_status;
  
 -                      merge_status = merge_3way(o, &result_buf, one, a, b,
 +                      merge_status = merge_3way(opt, &result_buf, o, a, b,
                                                  branch1, branch2,
                                                  extra_marker_size);
  
                        if ((merge_status < 0) || !result_buf.ptr)
 -                              ret = err(o, _("Failed to execute internal merge"));
 +                              ret = err(opt, _("Failed to execute internal merge"));
  
                        if (!ret &&
                            write_object_file(result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size,
 -                                            blob_type, &result->oid))
 -                              ret = err(o, _("Unable to add %s to database"),
 +                                            blob_type, &result->blob.oid))
 +                              ret = err(opt, _("Unable to add %s to database"),
                                          a->path);
  
                        free(result_buf.ptr);
                                return ret;
                        result->clean = (merge_status == 0);
                } else if (S_ISGITLINK(a->mode)) {
 -                      result->clean = merge_submodule(o, &result->oid,
 -                                                      one->path,
 -                                                      &one->oid,
 +                      result->clean = merge_submodule(opt, &result->blob.oid,
 +                                                      o->path,
 +                                                      &o->oid,
                                                        &a->oid,
                                                        &b->oid);
                } else if (S_ISLNK(a->mode)) {
 -                      switch (o->recursive_variant) {
 +                      switch (opt->recursive_variant) {
                        case MERGE_RECURSIVE_NORMAL:
 -                              oidcpy(&result->oid, &a->oid);
 +                              oidcpy(&result->blob.oid, &a->oid);
                                if (!oid_eq(&a->oid, &b->oid))
                                        result->clean = 0;
                                break;
                        case MERGE_RECURSIVE_OURS:
 -                              oidcpy(&result->oid, &a->oid);
 +                              oidcpy(&result->blob.oid, &a->oid);
                                break;
                        case MERGE_RECURSIVE_THEIRS:
 -                              oidcpy(&result->oid, &b->oid);
 +                              oidcpy(&result->blob.oid, &b->oid);
                                break;
                        }
                } else
        }
  
        if (result->merge)
 -              output(o, 2, _("Auto-merging %s"), filename);
 +              output(opt, 2, _("Auto-merging %s"), filename);
  
        return 0;
  }
  
 -static int handle_rename_via_dir(struct merge_options *o,
 -                               struct diff_filepair *pair,
 -                               const char *rename_branch)
 +static int handle_rename_via_dir(struct merge_options *opt,
 +                               struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
  {
        /*
         * Handle file adds that need to be renamed due to directory rename
         * there is no content merge to do; just move the file into the
         * desired final location.
         */
 -      const struct diff_filespec *dest = pair->two;
 +      const struct rename *ren = ci->ren1;
 +      const struct diff_filespec *dest = ren->pair->two;
 +      char *file_path = dest->path;
 +      int mark_conflicted = (opt->detect_directory_renames == 1);
 +      assert(ren->dir_rename_original_dest);
  
 -      if (!o->call_depth && would_lose_untracked(o, dest->path)) {
 -              char *alt_path = unique_path(o, dest->path, rename_branch);
 +      if (!opt->call_depth && would_lose_untracked(opt, dest->path)) {
 +              mark_conflicted = 1;
 +              file_path = unique_path(opt, dest->path, ren->branch);
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; "
 +                               "writing to %s instead."),
 +                     dest->path, file_path);
 +      }
  
 -              output(o, 1, _("Error: Refusing to lose untracked file at %s; "
 -                             "writing to %s instead."),
 -                     dest->path, alt_path);
 +      if (mark_conflicted) {
                /*
 -               * Write the file in worktree at alt_path, but not in the
 -               * index.  Instead, write to dest->path for the index but
 -               * only at the higher appropriate stage.
 +               * Write the file in worktree at file_path.  In the index,
 +               * only record the file at dest->path in the appropriate
 +               * higher stage.
                 */
 -              if (update_file(o, 0, &dest->oid, dest->mode, alt_path))
 +              if (update_file(opt, 0, dest, file_path))
                        return -1;
 -              free(alt_path);
 -              return update_stages(o, dest->path, NULL,
 -                                   rename_branch == o->branch1 ? dest : NULL,
 -                                   rename_branch == o->branch1 ? NULL : dest);
 +              if (file_path != dest->path)
 +                      free(file_path);
 +              if (update_stages(opt, dest->path, NULL,
 +                                ren->branch == opt->branch1 ? dest : NULL,
 +                                ren->branch == opt->branch1 ? NULL : dest))
 +                      return -1;
 +              return 0; /* not clean, but conflicted */
 +      } else {
 +              /* Update dest->path both in index and in worktree */
 +              if (update_file(opt, 1, dest, dest->path))
 +                      return -1;
 +              return 1; /* clean */
        }
 -
 -      /* Update dest->path both in index and in worktree */
 -      if (update_file(o, 1, &dest->oid, dest->mode, dest->path))
 -              return -1;
 -      return 0;
  }
  
 -static int handle_change_delete(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int handle_change_delete(struct merge_options *opt,
                                const char *path, const char *old_path,
 -                              const struct object_id *o_oid, int o_mode,
 -                              const struct object_id *changed_oid,
 -                              int changed_mode,
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *o,
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *changed,
                                const char *change_branch,
                                const char *delete_branch,
                                const char *change, const char *change_past)
        const char *update_path = path;
        int ret = 0;
  
 -      if (dir_in_way(o->repo->index, path, !o->call_depth, 0) ||
 -          (!o->call_depth && would_lose_untracked(o, path))) {
 -              update_path = alt_path = unique_path(o, path, change_branch);
 +      if (dir_in_way(opt->repo->index, path, !opt->call_depth, 0) ||
 +          (!opt->call_depth && would_lose_untracked(opt, path))) {
 +              update_path = alt_path = unique_path(opt, path, change_branch);
        }
  
 -      if (o->call_depth) {
 +      if (opt->call_depth) {
                /*
                 * We cannot arbitrarily accept either a_sha or b_sha as
                 * correct; since there is no true "middle point" between
                 * them, simply reuse the base version for virtual merge base.
                 */
 -              ret = remove_file_from_index(o->repo->index, path);
 +              ret = remove_file_from_index(opt->repo->index, path);
                if (!ret)
 -                      ret = update_file(o, 0, o_oid, o_mode, update_path);
 +                      ret = update_file(opt, 0, o, update_path);
        } else {
                /*
                 * Despite the four nearly duplicate messages and argument
                 */
                if (!alt_path) {
                        if (!old_path) {
 -                              output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
 +                              output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
                                       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree."),
                                       change, path, delete_branch, change_past,
                                       change_branch, change_branch, path);
                        } else {
 -                              output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
 +                              output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
                                       "and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree."),
                                       change, old_path, delete_branch, change_past, path,
                                       change_branch, change_branch, path);
                        }
                } else {
                        if (!old_path) {
 -                              output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
 +                              output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
                                       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree at %s."),
                                       change, path, delete_branch, change_past,
                                       change_branch, change_branch, path, alt_path);
                        } else {
 -                              output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
 +                              output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
                                       "and %s to %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree at %s."),
                                       change, old_path, delete_branch, change_past, path,
                                       change_branch, change_branch, path, alt_path);
                }
                /*
                 * No need to call update_file() on path when change_branch ==
 -               * o->branch1 && !alt_path, since that would needlessly touch
 +               * opt->branch1 && !alt_path, since that would needlessly touch
                 * path.  We could call update_file_flags() with update_cache=0
                 * and update_wd=0, but that's a no-op.
                 */
 -              if (change_branch != o->branch1 || alt_path)
 -                      ret = update_file(o, 0, changed_oid, changed_mode, update_path);
 +              if (change_branch != opt->branch1 || alt_path)
 +                      ret = update_file(opt, 0, changed, update_path);
        }
        free(alt_path);
  
        return ret;
  }
  
 -static int handle_rename_delete(struct merge_options *o,
 -                              struct diff_filepair *pair,
 -                              const char *rename_branch,
 -                              const char *delete_branch)
 +static int handle_rename_delete(struct merge_options *opt,
 +                              struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
  {
 -      const struct diff_filespec *orig = pair->one;
 -      const struct diff_filespec *dest = pair->two;
 -
 -      if (handle_change_delete(o,
 -                               o->call_depth ? orig->path : dest->path,
 -                               o->call_depth ? NULL : orig->path,
 -                               &orig->oid, orig->mode,
 -                               &dest->oid, dest->mode,
 +      const struct rename *ren = ci->ren1;
 +      const struct diff_filespec *orig = ren->pair->one;
 +      const struct diff_filespec *dest = ren->pair->two;
 +      const char *rename_branch = ren->branch;
 +      const char *delete_branch = (opt->branch1 == ren->branch ?
 +                                   opt->branch2 : opt->branch1);
 +
 +      if (handle_change_delete(opt,
 +                               opt->call_depth ? orig->path : dest->path,
 +                               opt->call_depth ? NULL : orig->path,
 +                               orig, dest,
                                 rename_branch, delete_branch,
                                 _("rename"), _("renamed")))
                return -1;
  
 -      if (o->call_depth)
 -              return remove_file_from_index(o->repo->index, dest->path);
 +      if (opt->call_depth)
 +              return remove_file_from_index(opt->repo->index, dest->path);
        else
 -              return update_stages(o, dest->path, NULL,
 -                                   rename_branch == o->branch1 ? dest : NULL,
 -                                   rename_branch == o->branch1 ? NULL : dest);
 +              return update_stages(opt, dest->path, NULL,
 +                                   rename_branch == opt->branch1 ? dest : NULL,
 +                                   rename_branch == opt->branch1 ? NULL : dest);
  }
  
 -static struct diff_filespec *filespec_from_entry(struct diff_filespec *target,
 -                                               struct stage_data *entry,
 -                                               int stage)
 -{
 -      struct object_id *oid = &entry->stages[stage].oid;
 -      unsigned mode = entry->stages[stage].mode;
 -      if (mode == 0 || is_null_oid(oid))
 -              return NULL;
 -      oidcpy(&target->oid, oid);
 -      target->mode = mode;
 -      return target;
 -}
 -
 -static int handle_file_collision(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int handle_file_collision(struct merge_options *opt,
                                 const char *collide_path,
                                 const char *prev_path1,
                                 const char *prev_path2,
                                 const char *branch1, const char *branch2,
 -                               const struct object_id *a_oid,
 -                               unsigned int a_mode,
 -                               const struct object_id *b_oid,
 -                               unsigned int b_mode)
 +                               struct diff_filespec *a,
 +                               struct diff_filespec *b)
  {
        struct merge_file_info mfi;
 -      struct diff_filespec null, a, b;
 +      struct diff_filespec null;
        char *alt_path = NULL;
        const char *update_path = collide_path;
  
        /*
         * It's easiest to get the correct things into stage 2 and 3, and
         * to make sure that the content merge puts HEAD before the other
 -       * branch if we just ensure that branch1 == o->branch1.  So, simply
 +       * branch if we just ensure that branch1 == opt->branch1.  So, simply
         * flip arguments around if we don't have that.
         */
 -      if (branch1 != o->branch1) {
 -              return handle_file_collision(o, collide_path,
 +      if (branch1 != opt->branch1) {
 +              return handle_file_collision(opt, collide_path,
                                             prev_path2, prev_path1,
                                             branch2, branch1,
 -                                           b_oid, b_mode,
 -                                           a_oid, a_mode);
 +                                           b, a);
        }
  
        /*
         * In the recursive case, we just opt to undo renames
         */
 -      if (o->call_depth && (prev_path1 || prev_path2)) {
 -              /* Put first file (a_oid, a_mode) in its original spot */
 +      if (opt->call_depth && (prev_path1 || prev_path2)) {
 +              /* Put first file (a->oid, a->mode) in its original spot */
                if (prev_path1) {
 -                      if (update_file(o, 1, a_oid, a_mode, prev_path1))
 +                      if (update_file(opt, 1, a, prev_path1))
                                return -1;
                } else {
 -                      if (update_file(o, 1, a_oid, a_mode, collide_path))
 +                      if (update_file(opt, 1, a, collide_path))
                                return -1;
                }
  
 -              /* Put second file (b_oid, b_mode) in its original spot */
 +              /* Put second file (b->oid, b->mode) in its original spot */
                if (prev_path2) {
 -                      if (update_file(o, 1, b_oid, b_mode, prev_path2))
 +                      if (update_file(opt, 1, b, prev_path2))
                                return -1;
                } else {
 -                      if (update_file(o, 1, b_oid, b_mode, collide_path))
 +                      if (update_file(opt, 1, b, collide_path))
                                return -1;
                }
  
                /* Don't leave something at collision path if unrenaming both */
                if (prev_path1 && prev_path2)
 -                      remove_file(o, 1, collide_path, 0);
 +                      remove_file(opt, 1, collide_path, 0);
  
                return 0;
        }
  
        /* Remove rename sources if rename/add or rename/rename(2to1) */
        if (prev_path1)
 -              remove_file(o, 1, prev_path1,
 -                          o->call_depth || would_lose_untracked(o, prev_path1));
 +              remove_file(opt, 1, prev_path1,
 +                          opt->call_depth || would_lose_untracked(opt, prev_path1));
        if (prev_path2)
 -              remove_file(o, 1, prev_path2,
 -                          o->call_depth || would_lose_untracked(o, prev_path2));
 +              remove_file(opt, 1, prev_path2,
 +                          opt->call_depth || would_lose_untracked(opt, prev_path2));
  
        /*
         * Remove the collision path, if it wouldn't cause dirty contents
         * or an untracked file to get lost.  We'll either overwrite with
         * merged contents, or just write out to differently named files.
         */
 -      if (was_dirty(o, collide_path)) {
 -              output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"),
 +      if (was_dirty(opt, collide_path)) {
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"),
                       collide_path);
 -              update_path = alt_path = unique_path(o, collide_path, "merged");
 -      } else if (would_lose_untracked(o, collide_path)) {
 +              update_path = alt_path = unique_path(opt, collide_path, "merged");
 +      } else if (would_lose_untracked(opt, collide_path)) {
                /*
                 * Only way we get here is if both renames were from
                 * a directory rename AND user had an untracked file
                 * at the location where both files end up after the
                 * two directory renames.  See testcase 10d of t6043.
                 */
 -              output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose untracked file at "
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Refusing to lose untracked file at "
                               "%s, even though it's in the way."),
                       collide_path);
 -              update_path = alt_path = unique_path(o, collide_path, "merged");
 +              update_path = alt_path = unique_path(opt, collide_path, "merged");
        } else {
                /*
                 * FIXME: It's possible that the two files are identical
                 * merge-recursive interoperate anyway, so punting for
                 * now...
                 */
 -              remove_file(o, 0, collide_path, 0);
 +              remove_file(opt, 0, collide_path, 0);
        }
  
        /* Store things in diff_filespecs for functions that need it */
 -      memset(&a, 0, sizeof(struct diff_filespec));
 -      memset(&b, 0, sizeof(struct diff_filespec));
 -      null.path = a.path = b.path = (char *)collide_path;
 +      null.path = (char *)collide_path;
        oidcpy(&null.oid, &null_oid);
        null.mode = 0;
 -      oidcpy(&a.oid, a_oid);
 -      a.mode = a_mode;
 -      a.oid_valid = 1;
 -      oidcpy(&b.oid, b_oid);
 -      b.mode = b_mode;
 -      b.oid_valid = 1;
 -
 -      if (merge_mode_and_contents(o, &null, &a, &b, collide_path,
 -                                  branch1, branch2, o->call_depth * 2, &mfi))
 +
 +      if (merge_mode_and_contents(opt, &null, a, b, collide_path,
 +                                  branch1, branch2, opt->call_depth * 2, &mfi))
                return -1;
        mfi.clean &= !alt_path;
 -      if (update_file(o, mfi.clean, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode, update_path))
 +      if (update_file(opt, mfi.clean, &mfi.blob, update_path))
                return -1;
 -      if (!mfi.clean && !o->call_depth &&
 -          update_stages(o, collide_path, NULL, &a, &b))
 +      if (!mfi.clean && !opt->call_depth &&
 +          update_stages(opt, collide_path, NULL, a, b))
                return -1;
        free(alt_path);
        /*
        return mfi.clean;
  }
  
 -static int handle_rename_add(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int handle_rename_add(struct merge_options *opt,
                             struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
  {
        /* a was renamed to c, and a separate c was added. */
 -      struct diff_filespec *a = ci->pair1->one;
 -      struct diff_filespec *c = ci->pair1->two;
 +      struct diff_filespec *a = ci->ren1->pair->one;
 +      struct diff_filespec *c = ci->ren1->pair->two;
        char *path = c->path;
        char *prev_path_desc;
        struct merge_file_info mfi;
  
 -      int other_stage = (ci->branch1 == o->branch1 ? 3 : 2);
 +      const char *rename_branch = ci->ren1->branch;
 +      const char *add_branch = (opt->branch1 == rename_branch ?
 +                                opt->branch2 : opt->branch1);
 +      int other_stage = (ci->ren1->branch == opt->branch1 ? 3 : 2);
  
 -      output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/add): "
 +      output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/add): "
               "Rename %s->%s in %s.  Added %s in %s"),
 -             a->path, c->path, ci->branch1,
 -             c->path, ci->branch2);
 +             a->path, c->path, rename_branch,
 +             c->path, add_branch);
  
        prev_path_desc = xstrfmt("version of %s from %s", path, a->path);
 -      if (merge_mode_and_contents(o, a, c, &ci->ren1_other, prev_path_desc,
 -                                  o->branch1, o->branch2,
 -                                  1 + o->call_depth * 2, &mfi))
 +      if (merge_mode_and_contents(opt, a, c,
 +                                  &ci->ren1->src_entry->stages[other_stage],
 +                                  prev_path_desc,
 +                                  opt->branch1, opt->branch2,
 +                                  1 + opt->call_depth * 2, &mfi))
                return -1;
        free(prev_path_desc);
  
 -      return handle_file_collision(o,
 +      ci->ren1->dst_entry->stages[other_stage].path = mfi.blob.path = c->path;
 +      return handle_file_collision(opt,
                                     c->path, a->path, NULL,
 -                                   ci->branch1, ci->branch2,
 -                                   &mfi.oid, mfi.mode,
 -                                   &ci->dst_entry1->stages[other_stage].oid,
 -                                   ci->dst_entry1->stages[other_stage].mode);
 +                                   rename_branch, add_branch,
 +                                   &mfi.blob,
 +                                   &ci->ren1->dst_entry->stages[other_stage]);
  }
  
 -static char *find_path_for_conflict(struct merge_options *o,
 +static char *find_path_for_conflict(struct merge_options *opt,
                                    const char *path,
                                    const char *branch1,
                                    const char *branch2)
  {
        char *new_path = NULL;
 -      if (dir_in_way(o->repo->index, path, !o->call_depth, 0)) {
 -              new_path = unique_path(o, path, branch1);
 -              output(o, 1, _("%s is a directory in %s adding "
 +      if (dir_in_way(opt->repo->index, path, !opt->call_depth, 0)) {
 +              new_path = unique_path(opt, path, branch1);
 +              output(opt, 1, _("%s is a directory in %s adding "
                               "as %s instead"),
                       path, branch2, new_path);
 -      } else if (would_lose_untracked(o, path)) {
 -              new_path = unique_path(o, path, branch1);
 -              output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose untracked file"
 +      } else if (would_lose_untracked(opt, path)) {
 +              new_path = unique_path(opt, path, branch1);
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Refusing to lose untracked file"
                               " at %s; adding as %s instead"),
                       path, new_path);
        }
        return new_path;
  }
  
 -static int handle_rename_rename_1to2(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int handle_rename_rename_1to2(struct merge_options *opt,
                                     struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
  {
        /* One file was renamed in both branches, but to different names. */
        struct merge_file_info mfi;
 -      struct diff_filespec other;
        struct diff_filespec *add;
 -      struct diff_filespec *one = ci->pair1->one;
 -      struct diff_filespec *a = ci->pair1->two;
 -      struct diff_filespec *b = ci->pair2->two;
 +      struct diff_filespec *o = ci->ren1->pair->one;
 +      struct diff_filespec *a = ci->ren1->pair->two;
 +      struct diff_filespec *b = ci->ren2->pair->two;
        char *path_desc;
  
 -      output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
 +      output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
               "Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" "
               "rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"),
 -             one->path, a->path, ci->branch1,
 -             one->path, b->path, ci->branch2,
 -             o->call_depth ? _(" (left unresolved)") : "");
 +             o->path, a->path, ci->ren1->branch,
 +             o->path, b->path, ci->ren2->branch,
 +             opt->call_depth ? _(" (left unresolved)") : "");
  
        path_desc = xstrfmt("%s and %s, both renamed from %s",
 -                          a->path, b->path, one->path);
 -      if (merge_mode_and_contents(o, one, a, b, path_desc,
 -                                  ci->branch1, ci->branch2,
 -                                  o->call_depth * 2, &mfi))
 +                          a->path, b->path, o->path);
 +      if (merge_mode_and_contents(opt, o, a, b, path_desc,
 +                                  ci->ren1->branch, ci->ren2->branch,
 +                                  opt->call_depth * 2, &mfi))
                return -1;
        free(path_desc);
  
 -      if (o->call_depth) {
 +      if (opt->call_depth) {
                /*
                 * FIXME: For rename/add-source conflicts (if we could detect
                 * such), this is wrong.  We should instead find a unique
                 * pathname and then either rename the add-source file to that
                 * unique path, or use that unique path instead of src here.
                 */
 -              if (update_file(o, 0, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode, one->path))
 +              if (update_file(opt, 0, &mfi.blob, o->path))
                        return -1;
  
                /*
                 * such cases, we should keep the added file around,
                 * resolving the conflict at that path in its favor.
                 */
 -              add = filespec_from_entry(&other, ci->dst_entry1, 2 ^ 1);
 -              if (add) {
 -                      if (update_file(o, 0, &add->oid, add->mode, a->path))
 +              add = &ci->ren1->dst_entry->stages[2 ^ 1];
 +              if (is_valid(add)) {
 +                      if (update_file(opt, 0, add, a->path))
                                return -1;
                }
                else
 -                      remove_file_from_index(o->repo->index, a->path);
 -              add = filespec_from_entry(&other, ci->dst_entry2, 3 ^ 1);
 -              if (add) {
 -                      if (update_file(o, 0, &add->oid, add->mode, b->path))
 +                      remove_file_from_index(opt->repo->index, a->path);
 +              add = &ci->ren2->dst_entry->stages[3 ^ 1];
 +              if (is_valid(add)) {
 +                      if (update_file(opt, 0, add, b->path))
                                return -1;
                }
                else
 -                      remove_file_from_index(o->repo->index, b->path);
 +                      remove_file_from_index(opt->repo->index, b->path);
        } else {
                /*
                 * For each destination path, we need to see if there is a
                 * rename/add collision.  If not, we can write the file out
                 * to the specified location.
                 */
 -              add = filespec_from_entry(&other, ci->dst_entry1, 2 ^ 1);
 -              if (add) {
 -                      if (handle_file_collision(o, a->path,
 +              add = &ci->ren1->dst_entry->stages[2 ^ 1];
 +              if (is_valid(add)) {
 +                      add->path = mfi.blob.path = a->path;
 +                      if (handle_file_collision(opt, a->path,
                                                  NULL, NULL,
 -                                                ci->branch1, ci->branch2,
 -                                                &mfi.oid, mfi.mode,
 -                                                &add->oid, add->mode) < 0)
 +                                                ci->ren1->branch,
 +                                                ci->ren2->branch,
 +                                                &mfi.blob, add) < 0)
                                return -1;
                } else {
 -                      char *new_path = find_path_for_conflict(o, a->path,
 -                                                              ci->branch1,
 -                                                              ci->branch2);
 -                      if (update_file(o, 0, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode, new_path ? new_path : a->path))
 +                      char *new_path = find_path_for_conflict(opt, a->path,
 +                                                              ci->ren1->branch,
 +                                                              ci->ren2->branch);
 +                      if (update_file(opt, 0, &mfi.blob,
 +                                      new_path ? new_path : a->path))
                                return -1;
                        free(new_path);
 -                      if (update_stages(o, a->path, NULL, a, NULL))
 +                      if (update_stages(opt, a->path, NULL, a, NULL))
                                return -1;
                }
  
 -              add = filespec_from_entry(&other, ci->dst_entry2, 3 ^ 1);
 -              if (add) {
 -                      if (handle_file_collision(o, b->path,
 +              add = &ci->ren2->dst_entry->stages[3 ^ 1];
 +              if (is_valid(add)) {
 +                      add->path = mfi.blob.path = b->path;
 +                      if (handle_file_collision(opt, b->path,
                                                  NULL, NULL,
 -                                                ci->branch1, ci->branch2,
 -                                                &add->oid, add->mode,
 -                                                &mfi.oid, mfi.mode) < 0)
 +                                                ci->ren1->branch,
 +                                                ci->ren2->branch,
 +                                                add, &mfi.blob) < 0)
                                return -1;
                } else {
 -                      char *new_path = find_path_for_conflict(o, b->path,
 -                                                              ci->branch2,
 -                                                              ci->branch1);
 -                      if (update_file(o, 0, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode, new_path ? new_path : b->path))
 +                      char *new_path = find_path_for_conflict(opt, b->path,
 +                                                              ci->ren2->branch,
 +                                                              ci->ren1->branch);
 +                      if (update_file(opt, 0, &mfi.blob,
 +                                      new_path ? new_path : b->path))
                                return -1;
                        free(new_path);
 -                      if (update_stages(o, b->path, NULL, NULL, b))
 +                      if (update_stages(opt, b->path, NULL, NULL, b))
                                return -1;
                }
        }
        return 0;
  }
  
 -static int handle_rename_rename_2to1(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int handle_rename_rename_2to1(struct merge_options *opt,
                                     struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
  {
        /* Two files, a & b, were renamed to the same thing, c. */
 -      struct diff_filespec *a = ci->pair1->one;
 -      struct diff_filespec *b = ci->pair2->one;
 -      struct diff_filespec *c1 = ci->pair1->two;
 -      struct diff_filespec *c2 = ci->pair2->two;
 +      struct diff_filespec *a = ci->ren1->pair->one;
 +      struct diff_filespec *b = ci->ren2->pair->one;
 +      struct diff_filespec *c1 = ci->ren1->pair->two;
 +      struct diff_filespec *c2 = ci->ren2->pair->two;
        char *path = c1->path; /* == c2->path */
        char *path_side_1_desc;
        char *path_side_2_desc;
        struct merge_file_info mfi_c1;
        struct merge_file_info mfi_c2;
 +      int ostage1, ostage2;
  
 -      output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
 +      output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
               "Rename %s->%s in %s. "
               "Rename %s->%s in %s"),
 -             a->path, c1->path, ci->branch1,
 -             b->path, c2->path, ci->branch2);
 +             a->path, c1->path, ci->ren1->branch,
 +             b->path, c2->path, ci->ren2->branch);
  
        path_side_1_desc = xstrfmt("version of %s from %s", path, a->path);
        path_side_2_desc = xstrfmt("version of %s from %s", path, b->path);
 -      if (merge_mode_and_contents(o, a, c1, &ci->ren1_other, path_side_1_desc,
 -                                  o->branch1, o->branch2,
 -                                  1 + o->call_depth * 2, &mfi_c1) ||
 -          merge_mode_and_contents(o, b, &ci->ren2_other, c2, path_side_2_desc,
 -                                  o->branch1, o->branch2,
 -                                  1 + o->call_depth * 2, &mfi_c2))
 +      ostage1 = ci->ren1->branch == opt->branch1 ? 3 : 2;
 +      ostage2 = ostage1 ^ 1;
 +      ci->ren1->src_entry->stages[ostage1].path = a->path;
 +      ci->ren2->src_entry->stages[ostage2].path = b->path;
 +      if (merge_mode_and_contents(opt, a, c1,
 +                                  &ci->ren1->src_entry->stages[ostage1],
 +                                  path_side_1_desc,
 +                                  opt->branch1, opt->branch2,
 +                                  1 + opt->call_depth * 2, &mfi_c1) ||
 +          merge_mode_and_contents(opt, b,
 +                                  &ci->ren2->src_entry->stages[ostage2],
 +                                  c2, path_side_2_desc,
 +                                  opt->branch1, opt->branch2,
 +                                  1 + opt->call_depth * 2, &mfi_c2))
                return -1;
        free(path_side_1_desc);
        free(path_side_2_desc);
 +      mfi_c1.blob.path = path;
 +      mfi_c2.blob.path = path;
  
 -      return handle_file_collision(o, path, a->path, b->path,
 -                                   ci->branch1, ci->branch2,
 -                                   &mfi_c1.oid, mfi_c1.mode,
 -                                   &mfi_c2.oid, mfi_c2.mode);
 +      return handle_file_collision(opt, path, a->path, b->path,
 +                                   ci->ren1->branch, ci->ren2->branch,
 +                                   &mfi_c1.blob, &mfi_c2.blob);
  }
  
  /*
   * Get the diff_filepairs changed between o_tree and tree.
   */
 -static struct diff_queue_struct *get_diffpairs(struct merge_options *o,
 +static struct diff_queue_struct *get_diffpairs(struct merge_options *opt,
                                               struct tree *o_tree,
                                               struct tree *tree)
  {
        struct diff_queue_struct *ret;
        struct diff_options opts;
  
 -      repo_diff_setup(o->repo, &opts);
 +      repo_diff_setup(opt->repo, &opts);
        opts.flags.recursive = 1;
        opts.flags.rename_empty = 0;
 -      opts.detect_rename = merge_detect_rename(o);
 +      opts.detect_rename = merge_detect_rename(opt);
        /*
         * We do not have logic to handle the detection of copies.  In
         * fact, it may not even make sense to add such logic: would we
         */
        if (opts.detect_rename > DIFF_DETECT_RENAME)
                opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
 -      opts.rename_limit = o->merge_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->merge_rename_limit :
 -                          o->diff_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->diff_rename_limit :
 +      opts.rename_limit = opt->merge_rename_limit >= 0 ? opt->merge_rename_limit :
 +                          opt->diff_rename_limit >= 0 ? opt->diff_rename_limit :
                            1000;
 -      opts.rename_score = o->rename_score;
 -      opts.show_rename_progress = o->show_rename_progress;
 +      opts.rename_score = opt->rename_score;
 +      opts.show_rename_progress = opt->show_rename_progress;
        opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
        diff_setup_done(&opts);
        diff_tree_oid(&o_tree->object.oid, &tree->object.oid, "", &opts);
        diffcore_std(&opts);
 -      if (opts.needed_rename_limit > o->needed_rename_limit)
 -              o->needed_rename_limit = opts.needed_rename_limit;
 +      if (opts.needed_rename_limit > opt->needed_rename_limit)
 +              opt->needed_rename_limit = opts.needed_rename_limit;
  
        ret = xmalloc(sizeof(*ret));
        *ret = diff_queued_diff;
  static int tree_has_path(struct tree *tree, const char *path)
  {
        struct object_id hashy;
 -      unsigned int mode_o;
 +      unsigned short mode_o;
  
        return !get_tree_entry(&tree->object.oid, path,
                               &hashy, &mode_o);
@@@ -2001,7 -2044,7 +2006,7 @@@ static void remove_hashmap_entries(stru
   * level conflicts for the renamed location.  If there is a rename and
   * there are no conflicts, return the new name.  Otherwise, return NULL.
   */
 -static char *handle_path_level_conflicts(struct merge_options *o,
 +static char *handle_path_level_conflicts(struct merge_options *opt,
                                         const char *path,
                                         struct dir_rename_entry *entry,
                                         struct hashmap *collisions,
                /* This should only happen when entry->non_unique_new_dir set */
                if (!entry->non_unique_new_dir)
                        BUG("entry->non_unqiue_dir not set and !new_path");
 -              output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (directory rename split): "
 +              output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (directory rename split): "
                               "Unclear where to place %s because directory "
                               "%s was renamed to multiple other directories, "
                               "with no destination getting a majority of the "
                collision_ent->reported_already = 1;
                strbuf_add_separated_string_list(&collision_paths, ", ",
                                                 &collision_ent->source_files);
 -              output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing "
 +              output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Existing "
                               "file/dir at %s in the way of implicit "
                               "directory rename(s) putting the following "
                               "path(s) there: %s."),
                collision_ent->reported_already = 1;
                strbuf_add_separated_string_list(&collision_paths, ", ",
                                                 &collision_ent->source_files);
 -              output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map "
 +              output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (implicit dir rename): Cannot map "
                               "more than one path to %s; implicit directory "
                               "renames tried to put these paths there: %s"),
                       new_path, collision_paths.buf);
   *         causes conflicts for files within those merged directories, then
   *         that should be detected at the individual path level.
   */
 -static void handle_directory_level_conflicts(struct merge_options *o,
 +static void handle_directory_level_conflicts(struct merge_options *opt,
                                             struct hashmap *dir_re_head,
                                             struct tree *head,
                                             struct hashmap *dir_re_merge,
                         * know that head_ent->new_dir and merge_ent->new_dir
                         * are different strings.
                         */
 -                      output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
 +                      output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
                                       "Rename directory %s->%s in %s. "
                                       "Rename directory %s->%s in %s"),
 -                             head_ent->dir, head_ent->new_dir.buf, o->branch1,
 -                             head_ent->dir, merge_ent->new_dir.buf, o->branch2);
 +                             head_ent->dir, head_ent->new_dir.buf, opt->branch1,
 +                             head_ent->dir, merge_ent->new_dir.buf, opt->branch2);
                        string_list_append(&remove_from_head,
                                           head_ent->dir)->util = head_ent;
                        strbuf_release(&head_ent->new_dir);
@@@ -2359,7 -2402,7 +2364,7 @@@ static void compute_collisions(struct h
        }
  }
  
 -static char *check_for_directory_rename(struct merge_options *o,
 +static char *check_for_directory_rename(struct merge_options *opt,
                                        const char *path,
                                        struct tree *tree,
                                        struct hashmap *dir_renames,
         */
        oentry = dir_rename_find_entry(dir_rename_exclusions, entry->new_dir.buf);
        if (oentry) {
 -              output(o, 1, _("WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename "
 +              output(opt, 1, _("WARNING: Avoiding applying %s -> %s rename "
                               "to %s, because %s itself was renamed."),
                       entry->dir, entry->new_dir.buf, path, entry->new_dir.buf);
        } else {
 -              new_path = handle_path_level_conflicts(o, path, entry,
 +              new_path = handle_path_level_conflicts(opt, path, entry,
                                                       collisions, tree);
                *clean_merge &= (new_path != NULL);
        }
        return new_path;
  }
  
 -static void apply_directory_rename_modifications(struct merge_options *o,
 +static void apply_directory_rename_modifications(struct merge_options *opt,
                                                 struct diff_filepair *pair,
                                                 char *new_path,
                                                 struct rename *re,
         * saying the file would have been overwritten), but it might
         * be dirty, though.
         */
 -      update_wd = !was_dirty(o, pair->two->path);
 +      update_wd = !was_dirty(opt, pair->two->path);
        if (!update_wd)
 -              output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"),
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"),
                       pair->two->path);
 -      remove_file(o, 1, pair->two->path, !update_wd);
 +      remove_file(opt, 1, pair->two->path, !update_wd);
  
        /* Find or create a new re->dst_entry */
        item = string_list_lookup(entries, new_path);
                       &re->dst_entry->stages[stage].oid,
                       &re->dst_entry->stages[stage].mode);
  
 -      /* Update pair status */
 -      if (pair->status == 'A') {
 -              /*
 -               * Recording rename information for this add makes it look
 -               * like a rename/delete conflict.  Make sure we can
 -               * correctly handle this as an add that was moved to a new
 -               * directory instead of reporting a rename/delete conflict.
 -               */
 -              re->add_turned_into_rename = 1;
 -      }
 +      /*
 +       * Record the original change status (or 'type' of change).  If it
 +       * was originally an add ('A'), this lets us differentiate later
 +       * between a RENAME_DELETE conflict and RENAME_VIA_DIR (they
 +       * otherwise look the same).  If it was originally a rename ('R'),
 +       * this lets us remember and report accurately about the transitive
 +       * renaming that occurred via the directory rename detection.  Also,
 +       * record the original destination name.
 +       */
 +      re->dir_rename_original_type = pair->status;
 +      re->dir_rename_original_dest = pair->two->path;
 +
        /*
         * We don't actually look at pair->status again, but it seems
         * pedagogically correct to adjust it.
   * to be able to associate the correct cache entries with the rename
   * information; tree is always equal to either a_tree or b_tree.
   */
 -static struct string_list *get_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 +static struct string_list *get_renames(struct merge_options *opt,
 +                                     const char *branch,
                                       struct diff_queue_struct *pairs,
                                       struct hashmap *dir_renames,
                                       struct hashmap *dir_rename_exclusions,
                        diff_free_filepair(pair);
                        continue;
                }
 -              new_path = check_for_directory_rename(o, pair->two->path, tree,
 +              new_path = check_for_directory_rename(opt, pair->two->path, tree,
                                                      dir_renames,
                                                      dir_rename_exclusions,
                                                      &collisions,
  
                re = xmalloc(sizeof(*re));
                re->processed = 0;
 -              re->add_turned_into_rename = 0;
                re->pair = pair;
 +              re->branch = branch;
 +              re->dir_rename_original_type = '\0';
 +              re->dir_rename_original_dest = NULL;
                item = string_list_lookup(entries, re->pair->one->path);
                if (!item)
                        re->src_entry = insert_stage_data(re->pair->one->path,
                item = string_list_insert(renames, pair->one->path);
                item->util = re;
                if (new_path)
 -                      apply_directory_rename_modifications(o, pair, new_path,
 +                      apply_directory_rename_modifications(opt, pair, new_path,
                                                             re, tree, o_tree,
                                                             a_tree, b_tree,
                                                             entries);
        return renames;
  }
  
 -static int process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int process_renames(struct merge_options *opt,
                           struct string_list *a_renames,
                           struct string_list *b_renames)
  {
        for (i = 0, j = 0; i < a_renames->nr || j < b_renames->nr;) {
                struct string_list *renames1, *renames2Dst;
                struct rename *ren1 = NULL, *ren2 = NULL;
 -              const char *branch1, *branch2;
                const char *ren1_src, *ren1_dst;
                struct string_list_item *lookup;
  
                if (ren1) {
                        renames1 = a_renames;
                        renames2Dst = &b_by_dst;
 -                      branch1 = o->branch1;
 -                      branch2 = o->branch2;
                } else {
                        renames1 = b_renames;
                        renames2Dst = &a_by_dst;
 -                      branch1 = o->branch2;
 -                      branch2 = o->branch1;
                        SWAP(ren2, ren1);
                }
  
                                 * the base stage (think of rename +
                                 * add-source cases).
                                 */
 -                              remove_file(o, 1, ren1_src, 1);
 +                              remove_file(opt, 1, ren1_src, 1);
                                update_entry(ren1->dst_entry,
                                             ren1->pair->one,
                                             ren1->pair->two,
                                             ren2->pair->two);
                        }
 -                      setup_rename_conflict_info(rename_type,
 -                                                 ren1->pair,
 -                                                 ren2->pair,
 -                                                 branch1,
 -                                                 branch2,
 -                                                 ren1->dst_entry,
 -                                                 ren2->dst_entry,
 -                                                 o,
 -                                                 NULL,
 -                                                 NULL);
 +                      setup_rename_conflict_info(rename_type, opt, ren1, ren2);
                } else if ((lookup = string_list_lookup(renames2Dst, ren1_dst))) {
                        /* Two different files renamed to the same thing */
                        char *ren2_dst;
                        ren2->src_entry->processed = 1;
  
                        setup_rename_conflict_info(RENAME_TWO_FILES_TO_ONE,
 -                                                 ren1->pair,
 -                                                 ren2->pair,
 -                                                 branch1,
 -                                                 branch2,
 -                                                 ren1->dst_entry,
 -                                                 ren2->dst_entry,
 -                                                 o,
 -                                                 ren1->src_entry,
 -                                                 ren2->src_entry);
 -
 +                                                 opt, ren1, ren2);
                } else {
                        /* Renamed in 1, maybe changed in 2 */
                        /* we only use sha1 and mode of these */
                         * stage and in other_stage (think of rename +
                         * add-source case).
                         */
 -                      remove_file(o, 1, ren1_src,
 -                                  renamed_stage == 2 || !was_tracked(o, ren1_src));
 +                      remove_file(opt, 1, ren1_src,
 +                                  renamed_stage == 2 || !was_tracked(opt, ren1_src));
  
                        oidcpy(&src_other.oid,
                               &ren1->src_entry->stages[other_stage].oid);
                        try_merge = 0;
  
                        if (oid_eq(&src_other.oid, &null_oid) &&
 -                          ren1->add_turned_into_rename) {
 +                          ren1->dir_rename_original_type == 'A') {
                                setup_rename_conflict_info(RENAME_VIA_DIR,
 -                                                         ren1->pair,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         branch1,
 -                                                         branch2,
 -                                                         ren1->dst_entry,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         o,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         NULL);
 +                                                         opt, ren1, NULL);
                        } else if (oid_eq(&src_other.oid, &null_oid)) {
                                setup_rename_conflict_info(RENAME_DELETE,
 -                                                         ren1->pair,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         branch1,
 -                                                         branch2,
 -                                                         ren1->dst_entry,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         o,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         NULL);
 +                                                         opt, ren1, NULL);
                        } else if ((dst_other.mode == ren1->pair->two->mode) &&
                                   oid_eq(&dst_other.oid, &ren1->pair->two->oid)) {
                                /*
                                 * update_file_flags() instead of
                                 * update_file().
                                 */
 -                              if (update_file_flags(o,
 -                                                    &ren1->pair->two->oid,
 -                                                    ren1->pair->two->mode,
 +                              if (update_file_flags(opt,
 +                                                    ren1->pair->two,
                                                      ren1_dst,
                                                      1, /* update_cache */
                                                      0  /* update_wd    */))
                                 * file, then the merge will be clean.
                                 */
                                setup_rename_conflict_info(RENAME_ADD,
 -                                                         ren1->pair,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         branch1,
 -                                                         branch2,
 -                                                         ren1->dst_entry,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         o,
 -                                                         ren1->src_entry,
 -                                                         NULL);
 +                                                         opt, ren1, NULL);
                        } else
                                try_merge = 1;
  
                        if (clean_merge < 0)
                                goto cleanup_and_return;
                        if (try_merge) {
 -                              struct diff_filespec *one, *a, *b;
 +                              struct diff_filespec *o, *a, *b;
                                src_other.path = (char *)ren1_src;
  
 -                              one = ren1->pair->one;
 +                              o = ren1->pair->one;
                                if (a_renames == renames1) {
                                        a = ren1->pair->two;
                                        b = &src_other;
                                        b = ren1->pair->two;
                                        a = &src_other;
                                }
 -                              update_entry(ren1->dst_entry, one, a, b);
 +                              update_entry(ren1->dst_entry, o, a, b);
                                setup_rename_conflict_info(RENAME_NORMAL,
 -                                                         ren1->pair,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         branch1,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         ren1->dst_entry,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         o,
 -                                                         NULL,
 -                                                         NULL);
 +                                                         opt, ren1, NULL);
                        }
                }
        }
@@@ -2830,7 -2924,7 +2835,7 @@@ static void initial_cleanup_rename(stru
        free(pairs);
  }
  
 -static int detect_and_process_renames(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int detect_and_process_renames(struct merge_options *opt,
                                      struct tree *common,
                                      struct tree *head,
                                      struct tree *merge,
        ri->head_renames = NULL;
        ri->merge_renames = NULL;
  
 -      if (!merge_detect_rename(o))
 +      if (!merge_detect_rename(opt))
                return 1;
  
 -      head_pairs = get_diffpairs(o, common, head);
 -      merge_pairs = get_diffpairs(o, common, merge);
 +      head_pairs = get_diffpairs(opt, common, head);
 +      merge_pairs = get_diffpairs(opt, common, merge);
  
 -      if (o->detect_directory_renames) {
 +      if (opt->detect_directory_renames) {
                dir_re_head = get_directory_renames(head_pairs);
                dir_re_merge = get_directory_renames(merge_pairs);
  
 -              handle_directory_level_conflicts(o,
 +              handle_directory_level_conflicts(opt,
                                                 dir_re_head, head,
                                                 dir_re_merge, merge);
        } else {
                dir_rename_init(dir_re_merge);
        }
  
 -      ri->head_renames  = get_renames(o, head_pairs,
 +      ri->head_renames  = get_renames(opt, opt->branch1, head_pairs,
                                        dir_re_merge, dir_re_head, head,
                                        common, head, merge, entries,
                                        &clean);
        if (clean < 0)
                goto cleanup;
 -      ri->merge_renames = get_renames(o, merge_pairs,
 +      ri->merge_renames = get_renames(opt, opt->branch2, merge_pairs,
                                        dir_re_head, dir_re_merge, merge,
                                        common, head, merge, entries,
                                        &clean);
        if (clean < 0)
                goto cleanup;
 -      clean &= process_renames(o, ri->head_renames, ri->merge_renames);
 +      clean &= process_renames(opt, ri->head_renames, ri->merge_renames);
  
  cleanup:
        /*
@@@ -2912,7 -3006,12 +2917,7 @@@ static void final_cleanup_renames(struc
        final_cleanup_rename(re_info->merge_renames);
  }
  
 -static struct object_id *stage_oid(const struct object_id *oid, unsigned mode)
 -{
 -      return (is_null_oid(oid) || mode == 0) ? NULL: (struct object_id *)oid;
 -}
 -
 -static int read_oid_strbuf(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int read_oid_strbuf(struct merge_options *opt,
                           const struct object_id *oid,
                           struct strbuf *dst)
  {
        unsigned long size;
        buf = read_object_file(oid, &type, &size);
        if (!buf)
 -              return err(o, _("cannot read object %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 +              return err(opt, _("cannot read object %s"), oid_to_hex(oid));
        if (type != OBJ_BLOB) {
                free(buf);
 -              return err(o, _("object %s is not a blob"), oid_to_hex(oid));
 +              return err(opt, _("object %s is not a blob"), oid_to_hex(oid));
        }
        strbuf_attach(dst, buf, size, size + 1);
        return 0;
  }
  
  static int blob_unchanged(struct merge_options *opt,
 -                        const struct object_id *o_oid,
 -                        unsigned o_mode,
 -                        const struct object_id *a_oid,
 -                        unsigned a_mode,
 +                        const struct diff_filespec *o,
 +                        const struct diff_filespec *a,
                          int renormalize, const char *path)
  {
 -      struct strbuf o = STRBUF_INIT;
 -      struct strbuf a = STRBUF_INIT;
 +      struct strbuf obuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 +      struct strbuf abuf = STRBUF_INIT;
        int ret = 0; /* assume changed for safety */
 +      const struct index_state *idx = opt->repo->index;
  
 -      if (a_mode != o_mode)
 +      if (a->mode != o->mode)
                return 0;
 -      if (oid_eq(o_oid, a_oid))
 +      if (oid_eq(&o->oid, &a->oid))
                return 1;
        if (!renormalize)
                return 0;
  
 -      assert(o_oid && a_oid);
 -      if (read_oid_strbuf(opt, o_oid, &o) || read_oid_strbuf(opt, a_oid, &a))
 +      if (read_oid_strbuf(opt, &o->oid, &obuf) ||
 +          read_oid_strbuf(opt, &a->oid, &abuf))
                goto error_return;
        /*
         * Note: binary | is used so that both renormalizations are
         * performed.  Comparison can be skipped if both files are
         * unchanged since their sha1s have already been compared.
         */
 -      if (renormalize_buffer(opt->repo->index, path, o.buf, o.len, &o) |
 -          renormalize_buffer(opt->repo->index, path, a.buf, a.len, &a))
 -              ret = (o.len == a.len && !memcmp(o.buf, a.buf, o.len));
 +      if (renormalize_buffer(idx, path, obuf.buf, obuf.len, &obuf) |
 +          renormalize_buffer(idx, path, abuf.buf, abuf.len, &abuf))
 +              ret = (obuf.len == abuf.len && !memcmp(obuf.buf, abuf.buf, obuf.len));
  
  error_return:
 -      strbuf_release(&o);
 -      strbuf_release(&a);
 +      strbuf_release(&obuf);
 +      strbuf_release(&abuf);
        return ret;
  }
  
 -static int handle_modify_delete(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int handle_modify_delete(struct merge_options *opt,
                                const char *path,
 -                              struct object_id *o_oid, int o_mode,
 -                              struct object_id *a_oid, int a_mode,
 -                              struct object_id *b_oid, int b_mode)
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *o,
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *a,
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *b)
  {
        const char *modify_branch, *delete_branch;
 -      struct object_id *changed_oid;
 -      int changed_mode;
 -
 -      if (a_oid) {
 -              modify_branch = o->branch1;
 -              delete_branch = o->branch2;
 -              changed_oid = a_oid;
 -              changed_mode = a_mode;
 +      const struct diff_filespec *changed;
 +
 +      if (is_valid(a)) {
 +              modify_branch = opt->branch1;
 +              delete_branch = opt->branch2;
 +              changed = a;
        } else {
 -              modify_branch = o->branch2;
 -              delete_branch = o->branch1;
 -              changed_oid = b_oid;
 -              changed_mode = b_mode;
 +              modify_branch = opt->branch2;
 +              delete_branch = opt->branch1;
 +              changed = b;
        }
  
 -      return handle_change_delete(o,
 +      return handle_change_delete(opt,
                                    path, NULL,
 -                                  o_oid, o_mode,
 -                                  changed_oid, changed_mode,
 +                                  o, changed,
                                    modify_branch, delete_branch,
                                    _("modify"), _("modified"));
  }
  
 -static int handle_content_merge(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int handle_content_merge(struct merge_file_info *mfi,
 +                              struct merge_options *opt,
                                const char *path,
                                int is_dirty,
 -                              struct object_id *o_oid, int o_mode,
 -                              struct object_id *a_oid, int a_mode,
 -                              struct object_id *b_oid, int b_mode,
 -                              struct rename_conflict_info *rename_conflict_info)
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *o,
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *a,
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *b,
 +                              struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
  {
        const char *reason = _("content");
 -      const char *path1 = NULL, *path2 = NULL;
 -      struct merge_file_info mfi;
 -      struct diff_filespec one, a, b;
        unsigned df_conflict_remains = 0;
  
 -      if (!o_oid) {
 +      if (!is_valid(o))
                reason = _("add/add");
 -              o_oid = (struct object_id *)&null_oid;
 -      }
 -      one.path = a.path = b.path = (char *)path;
 -      oidcpy(&one.oid, o_oid);
 -      one.mode = o_mode;
 -      oidcpy(&a.oid, a_oid);
 -      a.mode = a_mode;
 -      oidcpy(&b.oid, b_oid);
 -      b.mode = b_mode;
 -
 -      if (rename_conflict_info) {
 -              struct diff_filepair *pair1 = rename_conflict_info->pair1;
 -
 -              path1 = (o->branch1 == rename_conflict_info->branch1) ?
 -                      pair1->two->path : pair1->one->path;
 -              /* If rename_conflict_info->pair2 != NULL, we are in
 -               * RENAME_ONE_FILE_TO_ONE case.  Otherwise, we have a
 -               * normal rename.
 -               */
 -              path2 = (rename_conflict_info->pair2 ||
 -                       o->branch2 == rename_conflict_info->branch1) ?
 -                      pair1->two->path : pair1->one->path;
 -              one.path = pair1->one->path;
 -              a.path = (char *)path1;
 -              b.path = (char *)path2;
 -
 -              if (dir_in_way(o->repo->index, path, !o->call_depth,
 -                             S_ISGITLINK(pair1->two->mode)))
 -                      df_conflict_remains = 1;
 -      }
 -      if (merge_mode_and_contents(o, &one, &a, &b, path,
 -                                  o->branch1, o->branch2,
 -                                  o->call_depth * 2, &mfi))
 +
 +      assert(o->path && a->path && b->path);
 +      if (ci && dir_in_way(opt->repo->index, path, !opt->call_depth,
 +                           S_ISGITLINK(ci->ren1->pair->two->mode)))
 +              df_conflict_remains = 1;
 +
 +      if (merge_mode_and_contents(opt, o, a, b, path,
 +                                  opt->branch1, opt->branch2,
 +                                  opt->call_depth * 2, mfi))
                return -1;
  
        /*
         *   b) The merge matches what was in HEAD (content, mode, pathname)
         *   c) The target path is usable (i.e. not involved in D/F conflict)
         */
 -      if (mfi.clean &&
 -          was_tracked_and_matches(o, path, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode) &&
 +      if (mfi->clean && was_tracked_and_matches(opt, path, &mfi->blob) &&
            !df_conflict_remains) {
                int pos;
                struct cache_entry *ce;
  
 -              output(o, 3, _("Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"), path);
 -              if (add_cacheinfo(o, mfi.mode, &mfi.oid, path,
 -                                0, (!o->call_depth && !is_dirty), 0))
 +              output(opt, 3, _("Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"), path);
 +              if (add_cacheinfo(opt, &mfi->blob, path,
 +                                0, (!opt->call_depth && !is_dirty), 0))
                        return -1;
                /*
                 * However, add_cacheinfo() will delete the old cache entry
                 * flag to avoid making the file appear as if it were
                 * deleted by the user.
                 */
 -              pos = index_name_pos(&o->orig_index, path, strlen(path));
 -              ce = o->orig_index.cache[pos];
 +              pos = index_name_pos(&opt->orig_index, path, strlen(path));
 +              ce = opt->orig_index.cache[pos];
                if (ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
 -                      pos = index_name_pos(o->repo->index, path, strlen(path));
 -                      ce = o->repo->index->cache[pos];
 +                      pos = index_name_pos(opt->repo->index, path, strlen(path));
 +                      ce = opt->repo->index->cache[pos];
                        ce->ce_flags |= CE_SKIP_WORKTREE;
                }
 -              return mfi.clean;
 +              return mfi->clean;
        }
  
 -      if (!mfi.clean) {
 -              if (S_ISGITLINK(mfi.mode))
 +      if (!mfi->clean) {
 +              if (S_ISGITLINK(mfi->blob.mode))
                        reason = _("submodule");
 -              output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"),
 +              output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"),
                                reason, path);
 -              if (rename_conflict_info && !df_conflict_remains)
 -                      if (update_stages(o, path, &one, &a, &b))
 +              if (ci && !df_conflict_remains)
 +                      if (update_stages(opt, path, o, a, b))
                                return -1;
        }
  
        if (df_conflict_remains || is_dirty) {
                char *new_path;
 -              if (o->call_depth) {
 -                      remove_file_from_index(o->repo->index, path);
 +              if (opt->call_depth) {
 +                      remove_file_from_index(opt->repo->index, path);
                } else {
 -                      if (!mfi.clean) {
 -                              if (update_stages(o, path, &one, &a, &b))
 +                      if (!mfi->clean) {
 +                              if (update_stages(opt, path, o, a, b))
                                        return -1;
                        } else {
 -                              int file_from_stage2 = was_tracked(o, path);
 -                              struct diff_filespec merged;
 -                              oidcpy(&merged.oid, &mfi.oid);
 -                              merged.mode = mfi.mode;
 -
 -                              if (update_stages(o, path, NULL,
 -                                                file_from_stage2 ? &merged : NULL,
 -                                                file_from_stage2 ? NULL : &merged))
 +                              int file_from_stage2 = was_tracked(opt, path);
 +
 +                              if (update_stages(opt, path, NULL,
 +                                                file_from_stage2 ? &mfi->blob : NULL,
 +                                                file_from_stage2 ? NULL : &mfi->blob))
                                        return -1;
                        }
  
                }
 -              new_path = unique_path(o, path, rename_conflict_info->branch1);
 +              new_path = unique_path(opt, path, ci->ren1->branch);
                if (is_dirty) {
 -                      output(o, 1, _("Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"),
 +                      output(opt, 1, _("Refusing to lose dirty file at %s"),
                               path);
                }
 -              output(o, 1, _("Adding as %s instead"), new_path);
 -              if (update_file(o, 0, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode, new_path)) {
 +              output(opt, 1, _("Adding as %s instead"), new_path);
 +              if (update_file(opt, 0, &mfi->blob, new_path)) {
                        free(new_path);
                        return -1;
                }
                free(new_path);
 -              mfi.clean = 0;
 -      } else if (update_file(o, mfi.clean, &mfi.oid, mfi.mode, path))
 +              mfi->clean = 0;
 +      } else if (update_file(opt, mfi->clean, &mfi->blob, path))
                return -1;
 -      return !is_dirty && mfi.clean;
 +      return !is_dirty && mfi->clean;
  }
  
 -static int handle_rename_normal(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int handle_rename_normal(struct merge_options *opt,
                                const char *path,
 -                              struct object_id *o_oid, unsigned int o_mode,
 -                              struct object_id *a_oid, unsigned int a_mode,
 -                              struct object_id *b_oid, unsigned int b_mode,
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *o,
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *a,
 +                              const struct diff_filespec *b,
                                struct rename_conflict_info *ci)
  {
 +      struct rename *ren = ci->ren1;
 +      struct merge_file_info mfi;
 +      int clean;
 +      int side = (ren->branch == opt->branch1 ? 2 : 3);
 +
        /* Merge the content and write it out */
 -      return handle_content_merge(o, path, was_dirty(o, path),
 -                                  o_oid, o_mode, a_oid, a_mode, b_oid, b_mode,
 -                                  ci);
 +      clean = handle_content_merge(&mfi, opt, path, was_dirty(opt, path),
 +                                   o, a, b, ci);
 +
 +      if (clean && opt->detect_directory_renames == 1 &&
 +          ren->dir_rename_original_dest) {
 +              if (update_stages(opt, path,
 +                                NULL,
 +                                side == 2 ? &mfi.blob : NULL,
 +                                side == 2 ? NULL : &mfi.blob))
 +                      return -1;
 +              clean = 0; /* not clean, but conflicted */
 +      }
 +      return clean;
 +}
 +
 +static void dir_rename_warning(const char *msg,
 +                             int is_add,
 +                             int clean,
 +                             struct merge_options *opt,
 +                             struct rename *ren)
 +{
 +      const char *other_branch;
 +      other_branch = (ren->branch == opt->branch1 ?
 +                      opt->branch2 : opt->branch1);
 +      if (is_add) {
 +              output(opt, clean ? 2 : 1, msg,
 +                     ren->pair->one->path, ren->branch,
 +                     other_branch, ren->pair->two->path);
 +              return;
 +      }
 +      output(opt, clean ? 2 : 1, msg,
 +             ren->pair->one->path, ren->dir_rename_original_dest, ren->branch,
 +             other_branch, ren->pair->two->path);
 +}
 +static int warn_about_dir_renamed_entries(struct merge_options *opt,
 +                                        struct rename *ren)
 +{
 +      const char *msg;
 +      int clean = 1, is_add;
 +
 +      if (!ren)
 +              return clean;
 +
 +      /* Return early if ren was not affected/created by a directory rename */
 +      if (!ren->dir_rename_original_dest)
 +              return clean;
 +
 +      /* Sanity checks */
 +      assert(opt->detect_directory_renames > 0);
 +      assert(ren->dir_rename_original_type == 'A' ||
 +             ren->dir_rename_original_type == 'R');
 +
 +      /* Check whether to treat directory renames as a conflict */
 +      clean = (opt->detect_directory_renames == 2);
 +
 +      is_add = (ren->dir_rename_original_type == 'A');
 +      if (ren->dir_rename_original_type == 'A' && clean) {
 +              msg = _("Path updated: %s added in %s inside a "
 +                      "directory that was renamed in %s; moving it to %s.");
 +      } else if (ren->dir_rename_original_type == 'A' && !clean) {
 +              msg = _("CONFLICT (file location): %s added in %s "
 +                      "inside a directory that was renamed in %s, "
 +                      "suggesting it should perhaps be moved to %s.");
 +      } else if (ren->dir_rename_original_type == 'R' && clean) {
 +              msg = _("Path updated: %s renamed to %s in %s, inside a "
 +                      "directory that was renamed in %s; moving it to %s.");
 +      } else if (ren->dir_rename_original_type == 'R' && !clean) {
 +              msg = _("CONFLICT (file location): %s renamed to %s in %s, "
 +                      "inside a directory that was renamed in %s, "
 +                      "suggesting it should perhaps be moved to %s.");
 +      } else {
 +              BUG("Impossible dir_rename_original_type/clean combination");
 +      }
 +      dir_rename_warning(msg, is_add, clean, opt, ren);
 +
 +      return clean;
  }
  
  /* Per entry merge function */
 -static int process_entry(struct merge_options *o,
 +static int process_entry(struct merge_options *opt,
                         const char *path, struct stage_data *entry)
  {
        int clean_merge = 1;
 -      int normalize = o->renormalize;
 -      unsigned o_mode = entry->stages[1].mode;
 -      unsigned a_mode = entry->stages[2].mode;
 -      unsigned b_mode = entry->stages[3].mode;
 -      struct object_id *o_oid = stage_oid(&entry->stages[1].oid, o_mode);
 -      struct object_id *a_oid = stage_oid(&entry->stages[2].oid, a_mode);
 -      struct object_id *b_oid = stage_oid(&entry->stages[3].oid, b_mode);
 +      int normalize = opt->renormalize;
 +
 +      struct diff_filespec *o = &entry->stages[1];
 +      struct diff_filespec *a = &entry->stages[2];
 +      struct diff_filespec *b = &entry->stages[3];
 +      int o_valid = is_valid(o);
 +      int a_valid = is_valid(a);
 +      int b_valid = is_valid(b);
 +      o->path = a->path = b->path = (char*)path;
  
        entry->processed = 1;
        if (entry->rename_conflict_info) {
 -              struct rename_conflict_info *conflict_info = entry->rename_conflict_info;
 -              switch (conflict_info->rename_type) {
 +              struct rename_conflict_info *ci = entry->rename_conflict_info;
 +              struct diff_filespec *temp;
 +              int path_clean;
 +
 +              path_clean = warn_about_dir_renamed_entries(opt, ci->ren1);
 +              path_clean &= warn_about_dir_renamed_entries(opt, ci->ren2);
 +
 +              /*
 +               * For cases with a single rename, {o,a,b}->path have all been
 +               * set to the rename target path; we need to set two of these
 +               * back to the rename source.
 +               * For rename/rename conflicts, we'll manually fix paths below.
 +               */
 +              temp = (opt->branch1 == ci->ren1->branch) ? b : a;
 +              o->path = temp->path = ci->ren1->pair->one->path;
 +              if (ci->ren2) {
 +                      assert(opt->branch1 == ci->ren1->branch);
 +              }
 +
 +              switch (ci->rename_type) {
                case RENAME_NORMAL:
                case RENAME_ONE_FILE_TO_ONE:
 -                      clean_merge = handle_rename_normal(o,
 -                                                         path,
 -                                                         o_oid, o_mode,
 -                                                         a_oid, a_mode,
 -                                                         b_oid, b_mode,
 -                                                         conflict_info);
 +                      clean_merge = handle_rename_normal(opt, path, o, a, b,
 +                                                         ci);
                        break;
                case RENAME_VIA_DIR:
 -                      clean_merge = 1;
 -                      if (handle_rename_via_dir(o,
 -                                                conflict_info->pair1,
 -                                                conflict_info->branch1))
 -                              clean_merge = -1;
 +                      clean_merge = handle_rename_via_dir(opt, ci);
                        break;
                case RENAME_ADD:
                        /*
                         * two-way merged cleanly with the added file, I
                         * guess it's a clean merge?
                         */
 -                      clean_merge = handle_rename_add(o, conflict_info);
 +                      clean_merge = handle_rename_add(opt, ci);
                        break;
                case RENAME_DELETE:
                        clean_merge = 0;
 -                      if (handle_rename_delete(o,
 -                                               conflict_info->pair1,
 -                                               conflict_info->branch1,
 -                                               conflict_info->branch2))
 +                      if (handle_rename_delete(opt, ci))
                                clean_merge = -1;
                        break;
                case RENAME_ONE_FILE_TO_TWO:
 +                      /*
 +                       * Manually fix up paths; note:
 +                       * ren[12]->pair->one->path are equal.
 +                       */
 +                      o->path = ci->ren1->pair->one->path;
 +                      a->path = ci->ren1->pair->two->path;
 +                      b->path = ci->ren2->pair->two->path;
 +
                        clean_merge = 0;
 -                      if (handle_rename_rename_1to2(o, conflict_info))
 +                      if (handle_rename_rename_1to2(opt, ci))
                                clean_merge = -1;
                        break;
                case RENAME_TWO_FILES_TO_ONE:
 +                      /*
 +                       * Manually fix up paths; note,
 +                       * ren[12]->pair->two->path are actually equal.
 +                       */
 +                      o->path = NULL;
 +                      a->path = ci->ren1->pair->two->path;
 +                      b->path = ci->ren2->pair->two->path;
 +
                        /*
                         * Probably unclean merge, but if the two renamed
                         * files merge cleanly and the two resulting files
                         * can then be two-way merged cleanly, I guess it's
                         * a clean merge?
                         */
 -                      clean_merge = handle_rename_rename_2to1(o,
 -                                                              conflict_info);
 +                      clean_merge = handle_rename_rename_2to1(opt, ci);
                        break;
                default:
                        entry->processed = 0;
                        break;
                }
 -      } else if (o_oid && (!a_oid || !b_oid)) {
 +              if (path_clean < clean_merge)
 +                      clean_merge = path_clean;
 +      } else if (o_valid && (!a_valid || !b_valid)) {
                /* Case A: Deleted in one */
 -              if ((!a_oid && !b_oid) ||
 -                  (!b_oid && blob_unchanged(o, o_oid, o_mode, a_oid, a_mode, normalize, path)) ||
 -                  (!a_oid && blob_unchanged(o, o_oid, o_mode, b_oid, b_mode, normalize, path))) {
 +              if ((!a_valid && !b_valid) ||
 +                  (!b_valid && blob_unchanged(opt, o, a, normalize, path)) ||
 +                  (!a_valid && blob_unchanged(opt, o, b, normalize, path))) {
                        /* Deleted in both or deleted in one and
                         * unchanged in the other */
 -                      if (a_oid)
 -                              output(o, 2, _("Removing %s"), path);
 +                      if (a_valid)
 +                              output(opt, 2, _("Removing %s"), path);
                        /* do not touch working file if it did not exist */
 -                      remove_file(o, 1, path, !a_oid);
 +                      remove_file(opt, 1, path, !a_valid);
                } else {
                        /* Modify/delete; deleted side may have put a directory in the way */
                        clean_merge = 0;
 -                      if (handle_modify_delete(o, path, o_oid, o_mode,
 -                                               a_oid, a_mode, b_oid, b_mode))
 +                      if (handle_modify_delete(opt, path, o, a, b))
                                clean_merge = -1;
                }
 -      } else if ((!o_oid && a_oid && !b_oid) ||
 -                 (!o_oid && !a_oid && b_oid)) {
 +      } else if ((!o_valid && a_valid && !b_valid) ||
 +                 (!o_valid && !a_valid && b_valid)) {
                /* Case B: Added in one. */
                /* [nothing|directory] -> ([nothing|directory], file) */
  
                const char *add_branch;
                const char *other_branch;
 -              unsigned mode;
 -              const struct object_id *oid;
                const char *conf;
 +              const struct diff_filespec *contents;
  
 -              if (a_oid) {
 -                      add_branch = o->branch1;
 -                      other_branch = o->branch2;
 -                      mode = a_mode;
 -                      oid = a_oid;
 +              if (a_valid) {
 +                      add_branch = opt->branch1;
 +                      other_branch = opt->branch2;
 +                      contents = a;
                        conf = _("file/directory");
                } else {
 -                      add_branch = o->branch2;
 -                      other_branch = o->branch1;
 -                      mode = b_mode;
 -                      oid = b_oid;
 +                      add_branch = opt->branch2;
 +                      other_branch = opt->branch1;
 +                      contents = b;
                        conf = _("directory/file");
                }
 -              if (dir_in_way(o->repo->index, path,
 -                             !o->call_depth && !S_ISGITLINK(a_mode),
 +              if (dir_in_way(opt->repo->index, path,
 +                             !opt->call_depth && !S_ISGITLINK(a->mode),
                               0)) {
 -                      char *new_path = unique_path(o, path, add_branch);
 +                      char *new_path = unique_path(opt, path, add_branch);
                        clean_merge = 0;
 -                      output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. "
 +                      output(opt, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. "
                               "Adding %s as %s"),
                               conf, path, other_branch, path, new_path);
 -                      if (update_file(o, 0, oid, mode, new_path))
 +                      if (update_file(opt, 0, contents, new_path))
                                clean_merge = -1;
 -                      else if (o->call_depth)
 -                              remove_file_from_index(o->repo->index, path);
 +                      else if (opt->call_depth)
 +                              remove_file_from_index(opt->repo->index, path);
                        free(new_path);
                } else {
 -                      output(o, 2, _("Adding %s"), path);
 +                      output(opt, 2, _("Adding %s"), path);
                        /* do not overwrite file if already present */
 -                      if (update_file_flags(o, oid, mode, path, 1, !a_oid))
 +                      if (update_file_flags(opt, contents, path, 1, !a_valid))
                                clean_merge = -1;
                }
 -      } else if (a_oid && b_oid) {
 -              if (!o_oid) {
 +      } else if (a_valid && b_valid) {
 +              if (!o_valid) {
                        /* Case C: Added in both (check for same permissions) */
 -                      output(o, 1,
 +                      output(opt, 1,
                               _("CONFLICT (add/add): Merge conflict in %s"),
                               path);
 -                      clean_merge = handle_file_collision(o,
 +                      clean_merge = handle_file_collision(opt,
                                                            path, NULL, NULL,
 -                                                          o->branch1,
 -                                                          o->branch2,
 -                                                          a_oid, a_mode,
 -                                                          b_oid, b_mode);
 +                                                          opt->branch1,
 +                                                          opt->branch2,
 +                                                          a, b);
                } else {
                        /* case D: Modified in both, but differently. */
 +                      struct merge_file_info mfi;
                        int is_dirty = 0; /* unpack_trees would have bailed if dirty */
 -                      clean_merge = handle_content_merge(o, path,
 +                      clean_merge = handle_content_merge(&mfi, opt, path,
                                                           is_dirty,
 -                                                         o_oid, o_mode,
 -                                                         a_oid, a_mode,
 -                                                         b_oid, b_mode,
 -                                                         NULL);
 +                                                         o, a, b, NULL);
                }
 -      } else if (!o_oid && !a_oid && !b_oid) {
 +      } else if (!o_valid && !a_valid && !b_valid) {
                /*
                 * this entry was deleted altogether. a_mode == 0 means
                 * we had that path and want to actively remove it.
                 */
 -              remove_file(o, 1, path, !a_mode);
 +              remove_file(opt, 1, path, !a->mode);
        } else
                BUG("fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen.");
  
        return clean_merge;
  }
  
 -int merge_trees(struct merge_options *o,
 +int merge_trees(struct merge_options *opt,
                struct tree *head,
                struct tree *merge,
                struct tree *common,
                struct tree **result)
  {
 -      struct index_state *istate = o->repo->index;
 +      struct index_state *istate = opt->repo->index;
        int code, clean;
        struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
  
 -      if (!o->call_depth && repo_index_has_changes(o->repo, head, &sb)) {
 -              err(o, _("Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n  %s"),
 +      if (!opt->call_depth && repo_index_has_changes(opt->repo, head, &sb)) {
 +              err(opt, _("Your local changes to the following files would be overwritten by merge:\n  %s"),
                    sb.buf);
                return -1;
        }
  
 -      if (o->subtree_shift) {
 -              merge = shift_tree_object(o->repo, head, merge, o->subtree_shift);
 -              common = shift_tree_object(o->repo, head, common, o->subtree_shift);
 +      if (opt->subtree_shift) {
 +              merge = shift_tree_object(opt->repo, head, merge, opt->subtree_shift);
 +              common = shift_tree_object(opt->repo, head, common, opt->subtree_shift);
        }
  
        if (oid_eq(&common->object.oid, &merge->object.oid)) {
 -              output(o, 0, _("Already up to date!"));
 +              output(opt, 0, _("Already up to date!"));
                *result = head;
                return 1;
        }
  
 -      code = unpack_trees_start(o, common, head, merge);
 +      code = unpack_trees_start(opt, common, head, merge);
  
        if (code != 0) {
 -              if (show(o, 4) || o->call_depth)
 -                      err(o, _("merging of trees %s and %s failed"),
 +              if (show(opt, 4) || opt->call_depth)
 +                      err(opt, _("merging of trees %s and %s failed"),
                            oid_to_hex(&head->object.oid),
                            oid_to_hex(&merge->object.oid));
 -              unpack_trees_finish(o);
 +              unpack_trees_finish(opt);
                return -1;
        }
  
                 * opposed to decaring a local hashmap is for convenience
                 * so that we don't have to pass it to around.
                 */
 -              hashmap_init(&o->current_file_dir_set, path_hashmap_cmp, NULL, 512);
 -              get_files_dirs(o, head);
 -              get_files_dirs(o, merge);
 +              hashmap_init(&opt->current_file_dir_set, path_hashmap_cmp, NULL, 512);
 +              get_files_dirs(opt, head);
 +              get_files_dirs(opt, merge);
  
 -              entries = get_unmerged(o->repo->index);
 -              clean = detect_and_process_renames(o, common, head, merge,
 +              entries = get_unmerged(opt->repo->index);
 +              clean = detect_and_process_renames(opt, common, head, merge,
                                                   entries, &re_info);
 -              record_df_conflict_files(o, entries);
 +              record_df_conflict_files(opt, entries);
                if (clean < 0)
                        goto cleanup;
                for (i = entries->nr-1; 0 <= i; i--) {
                        const char *path = entries->items[i].string;
                        struct stage_data *e = entries->items[i].util;
                        if (!e->processed) {
 -                              int ret = process_entry(o, path, e);
 +                              int ret = process_entry(opt, path, e);
                                if (!ret)
                                        clean = 0;
                                else if (ret < 0) {
                string_list_clear(entries, 1);
                free(entries);
  
 -              hashmap_free(&o->current_file_dir_set, 1);
 +              hashmap_free(&opt->current_file_dir_set, 1);
  
                if (clean < 0) {
 -                      unpack_trees_finish(o);
 +                      unpack_trees_finish(opt);
                        return clean;
                }
        }
        else
                clean = 1;
  
 -      unpack_trees_finish(o);
 +      unpack_trees_finish(opt);
  
 -      if (o->call_depth && !(*result = write_tree_from_memory(o)))
 +      if (opt->call_depth && !(*result = write_tree_from_memory(opt)))
                return -1;
  
        return clean;
@@@ -3484,7 -3521,7 +3489,7 @@@ static struct commit_list *reverse_comm
   * Merge the commits h1 and h2, return the resulting virtual
   * commit object and a flag indicating the cleanness of the merge.
   */
 -int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *o,
 +int merge_recursive(struct merge_options *opt,
                    struct commit *h1,
                    struct commit *h2,
                    struct commit_list *ca,
        struct tree *mrtree;
        int clean;
  
 -      if (show(o, 4)) {
 -              output(o, 4, _("Merging:"));
 -              output_commit_title(o, h1);
 -              output_commit_title(o, h2);
 +      if (show(opt, 4)) {
 +              output(opt, 4, _("Merging:"));
 +              output_commit_title(opt, h1);
 +              output_commit_title(opt, h2);
        }
  
        if (!ca) {
                ca = reverse_commit_list(ca);
        }
  
 -      if (show(o, 5)) {
 +      if (show(opt, 5)) {
                unsigned cnt = commit_list_count(ca);
  
 -              output(o, 5, Q_("found %u common ancestor:",
 +              output(opt, 5, Q_("found %u common ancestor:",
                                "found %u common ancestors:", cnt), cnt);
                for (iter = ca; iter; iter = iter->next)
 -                      output_commit_title(o, iter->item);
 +                      output_commit_title(opt, iter->item);
        }
  
        merged_common_ancestors = pop_commit(&ca);
                /* if there is no common ancestor, use an empty tree */
                struct tree *tree;
  
 -              tree = lookup_tree(o->repo, o->repo->hash_algo->empty_tree);
 -              merged_common_ancestors = make_virtual_commit(o->repo, tree, "ancestor");
 +              tree = lookup_tree(opt->repo, opt->repo->hash_algo->empty_tree);
 +              merged_common_ancestors = make_virtual_commit(opt->repo, tree, "ancestor");
        }
  
        for (iter = ca; iter; iter = iter->next) {
                const char *saved_b1, *saved_b2;
 -              o->call_depth++;
 +              opt->call_depth++;
                /*
                 * When the merge fails, the result contains files
                 * with conflict markers. The cleanness flag is
                 * overwritten it: the committed "conflicts" were
                 * already resolved.
                 */
 -              discard_index(o->repo->index);
 -              saved_b1 = o->branch1;
 -              saved_b2 = o->branch2;
 -              o->branch1 = "Temporary merge branch 1";
 -              o->branch2 = "Temporary merge branch 2";
 -              if (merge_recursive(o, merged_common_ancestors, iter->item,
 +              discard_index(opt->repo->index);
 +              saved_b1 = opt->branch1;
 +              saved_b2 = opt->branch2;
 +              opt->branch1 = "Temporary merge branch 1";
 +              opt->branch2 = "Temporary merge branch 2";
 +              if (merge_recursive(opt, merged_common_ancestors, iter->item,
                                    NULL, &merged_common_ancestors) < 0)
                        return -1;
 -              o->branch1 = saved_b1;
 -              o->branch2 = saved_b2;
 -              o->call_depth--;
 +              opt->branch1 = saved_b1;
 +              opt->branch2 = saved_b2;
 +              opt->call_depth--;
  
                if (!merged_common_ancestors)
 -                      return err(o, _("merge returned no commit"));
 +                      return err(opt, _("merge returned no commit"));
        }
  
 -      discard_index(o->repo->index);
 -      if (!o->call_depth)
 -              repo_read_index(o->repo);
 +      discard_index(opt->repo->index);
 +      if (!opt->call_depth)
 +              repo_read_index(opt->repo);
  
 -      o->ancestor = "merged common ancestors";
 -      clean = merge_trees(o, get_commit_tree(h1), get_commit_tree(h2),
 +      opt->ancestor = "merged common ancestors";
 +      clean = merge_trees(opt, get_commit_tree(h1), get_commit_tree(h2),
                            get_commit_tree(merged_common_ancestors),
                            &mrtree);
        if (clean < 0) {
 -              flush_output(o);
 +              flush_output(opt);
                return clean;
        }
  
 -      if (o->call_depth) {
 -              *result = make_virtual_commit(o->repo, mrtree, "merged tree");
 +      if (opt->call_depth) {
 +              *result = make_virtual_commit(opt->repo, mrtree, "merged tree");
                commit_list_insert(h1, &(*result)->parents);
                commit_list_insert(h2, &(*result)->parents->next);
        }
 -      flush_output(o);
 -      if (!o->call_depth && o->buffer_output < 2)
 -              strbuf_release(&o->obuf);
 -      if (show(o, 2))
 +      flush_output(opt);
 +      if (!opt->call_depth && opt->buffer_output < 2)
 +              strbuf_release(&opt->obuf);
 +      if (show(opt, 2))
                diff_warn_rename_limit("merge.renamelimit",
 -                                     o->needed_rename_limit, 0);
 +                                     opt->needed_rename_limit, 0);
        return clean;
  }
  
@@@ -3596,7 -3633,7 +3601,7 @@@ static struct commit *get_ref(struct re
        return (struct commit *)object;
  }
  
 -int merge_recursive_generic(struct merge_options *o,
 +int merge_recursive_generic(struct merge_options *opt,
                            const struct object_id *head,
                            const struct object_id *merge,
                            int num_base_list,
  {
        int clean;
        struct lock_file lock = LOCK_INIT;
 -      struct commit *head_commit = get_ref(o->repo, head, o->branch1);
 -      struct commit *next_commit = get_ref(o->repo, merge, o->branch2);
 +      struct commit *head_commit = get_ref(opt->repo, head, opt->branch1);
 +      struct commit *next_commit = get_ref(opt->repo, merge, opt->branch2);
        struct commit_list *ca = NULL;
  
        if (base_list) {
                int i;
                for (i = 0; i < num_base_list; ++i) {
                        struct commit *base;
 -                      if (!(base = get_ref(o->repo, base_list[i], oid_to_hex(base_list[i]))))
 -                              return err(o, _("Could not parse object '%s'"),
 +                      if (!(base = get_ref(opt->repo, base_list[i], oid_to_hex(base_list[i]))))
 +                              return err(opt, _("Could not parse object '%s'"),
                                           oid_to_hex(base_list[i]));
                        commit_list_insert(base, &ca);
                }
        }
  
 -      repo_hold_locked_index(o->repo, &lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 -      clean = merge_recursive(o, head_commit, next_commit, ca,
 +      repo_hold_locked_index(opt->repo, &lock, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
 +      clean = merge_recursive(opt, head_commit, next_commit, ca,
                                result);
        if (clean < 0) {
                rollback_lock_file(&lock);
                return clean;
        }
  
 -      if (write_locked_index(o->repo->index, &lock,
 +      if (write_locked_index(opt->repo->index, &lock,
                               COMMIT_LOCK | SKIP_IF_UNCHANGED))
 -              return err(o, _("Unable to write index."));
 +              return err(opt, _("Unable to write index."));
  
        return clean ? 0 : 1;
  }
  
 -static void merge_recursive_config(struct merge_options *o)
 +static void merge_recursive_config(struct merge_options *opt)
  {
        char *value = NULL;
 -      git_config_get_int("merge.verbosity", &o->verbosity);
 -      git_config_get_int("diff.renamelimit", &o->diff_rename_limit);
 -      git_config_get_int("merge.renamelimit", &o->merge_rename_limit);
 +      git_config_get_int("merge.verbosity", &opt->verbosity);
 +      git_config_get_int("diff.renamelimit", &opt->diff_rename_limit);
 +      git_config_get_int("merge.renamelimit", &opt->merge_rename_limit);
        if (!git_config_get_string("diff.renames", &value)) {
 -              o->diff_detect_rename = git_config_rename("diff.renames", value);
 +              opt->diff_detect_rename = git_config_rename("diff.renames", value);
                free(value);
        }
        if (!git_config_get_string("merge.renames", &value)) {
 -              o->merge_detect_rename = git_config_rename("merge.renames", value);
 +              opt->merge_detect_rename = git_config_rename("merge.renames", value);
 +              free(value);
 +      }
 +      if (!git_config_get_string("merge.directoryrenames", &value)) {
 +              int boolval = git_parse_maybe_bool(value);
 +              if (0 <= boolval) {
 +                      opt->detect_directory_renames = boolval ? 2 : 0;
 +              } else if (!strcasecmp(value, "conflict")) {
 +                      opt->detect_directory_renames = 1;
 +              } /* avoid erroring on values from future versions of git */
                free(value);
        }
        git_config(git_xmerge_config, NULL);
  }
  
 -void init_merge_options(struct merge_options *o,
 +void init_merge_options(struct merge_options *opt,
                        struct repository *repo)
  {
        const char *merge_verbosity;
 -      memset(o, 0, sizeof(struct merge_options));
 -      o->repo = repo;
 -      o->verbosity = 2;
 -      o->buffer_output = 1;
 -      o->diff_rename_limit = -1;
 -      o->merge_rename_limit = -1;
 -      o->renormalize = 0;
 -      o->diff_detect_rename = -1;
 -      o->merge_detect_rename = -1;
 -      o->detect_directory_renames = 1;
 -      merge_recursive_config(o);
 +      memset(opt, 0, sizeof(struct merge_options));
 +      opt->repo = repo;
 +      opt->verbosity = 2;
 +      opt->buffer_output = 1;
 +      opt->diff_rename_limit = -1;
 +      opt->merge_rename_limit = -1;
 +      opt->renormalize = 0;
 +      opt->diff_detect_rename = -1;
 +      opt->merge_detect_rename = -1;
 +      opt->detect_directory_renames = 1;
 +      merge_recursive_config(opt);
        merge_verbosity = getenv("GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY");
        if (merge_verbosity)
 -              o->verbosity = strtol(merge_verbosity, NULL, 10);
 -      if (o->verbosity >= 5)
 -              o->buffer_output = 0;
 -      strbuf_init(&o->obuf, 0);
 -      string_list_init(&o->df_conflict_file_set, 1);
 +              opt->verbosity = strtol(merge_verbosity, NULL, 10);
 +      if (opt->verbosity >= 5)
 +              opt->buffer_output = 0;
 +      strbuf_init(&opt->obuf, 0);
 +      string_list_init(&opt->df_conflict_file_set, 1);
  }
  
 -int parse_merge_opt(struct merge_options *o, const char *s)
 +int parse_merge_opt(struct merge_options *opt, const char *s)
  {
        const char *arg;
  
        if (!s || !*s)
                return -1;
        if (!strcmp(s, "ours"))
 -              o->recursive_variant = MERGE_RECURSIVE_OURS;
 +              opt->recursive_variant = MERGE_RECURSIVE_OURS;
        else if (!strcmp(s, "theirs"))
 -              o->recursive_variant = MERGE_RECURSIVE_THEIRS;
 +              opt->recursive_variant = MERGE_RECURSIVE_THEIRS;
        else if (!strcmp(s, "subtree"))
 -              o->subtree_shift = "";
 +              opt->subtree_shift = "";
        else if (skip_prefix(s, "subtree=", &arg))
 -              o->subtree_shift = arg;
 +              opt->subtree_shift = arg;
        else if (!strcmp(s, "patience"))
 -              o->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(o, PATIENCE_DIFF);
 +              opt->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(opt, PATIENCE_DIFF);
        else if (!strcmp(s, "histogram"))
 -              o->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(o, HISTOGRAM_DIFF);
 +              opt->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(opt, HISTOGRAM_DIFF);
        else if (skip_prefix(s, "diff-algorithm=", &arg)) {
                long value = parse_algorithm_value(arg);
                if (value < 0)
                        return -1;
                /* clear out previous settings */
 -              DIFF_XDL_CLR(o, NEED_MINIMAL);
 -              o->xdl_opts &= ~XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK;
 -              o->xdl_opts |= value;
 +              DIFF_XDL_CLR(opt, NEED_MINIMAL);
 +              opt->xdl_opts &= ~XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK;
 +              opt->xdl_opts |= value;
        }
        else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-space-change"))
 -              DIFF_XDL_SET(o, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE);
 +              DIFF_XDL_SET(opt, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE);
        else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-all-space"))
 -              DIFF_XDL_SET(o, IGNORE_WHITESPACE);
 +              DIFF_XDL_SET(opt, IGNORE_WHITESPACE);
        else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-space-at-eol"))
 -              DIFF_XDL_SET(o, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL);
 +              DIFF_XDL_SET(opt, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL);
        else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-cr-at-eol"))
 -              DIFF_XDL_SET(o, IGNORE_CR_AT_EOL);
 +              DIFF_XDL_SET(opt, IGNORE_CR_AT_EOL);
        else if (!strcmp(s, "renormalize"))
 -              o->renormalize = 1;
 +              opt->renormalize = 1;
        else if (!strcmp(s, "no-renormalize"))
 -              o->renormalize = 0;
 +              opt->renormalize = 0;
        else if (!strcmp(s, "no-renames"))
 -              o->merge_detect_rename = 0;
 +              opt->merge_detect_rename = 0;
        else if (!strcmp(s, "find-renames")) {
 -              o->merge_detect_rename = 1;
 -              o->rename_score = 0;
 +              opt->merge_detect_rename = 1;
 +              opt->rename_score = 0;
        }
        else if (skip_prefix(s, "find-renames=", &arg) ||
                 skip_prefix(s, "rename-threshold=", &arg)) {
 -              if ((o->rename_score = parse_rename_score(&arg)) == -1 || *arg != 0)
 +              if ((opt->rename_score = parse_rename_score(&arg)) == -1 || *arg != 0)
                        return -1;
 -              o->merge_detect_rename = 1;
 +              opt->merge_detect_rename = 1;
        }
        /*
         * Please update $__git_merge_strategy_options in
diff --combined packfile.c
index cdf6b6ec3443cfe3fcabb55a4475a9fc64c8543b,2ad4fab2f8d101d6c23e020191802ce596ff66a7..9f52af928131e8bf9f72a1afccdcb0831e6daf9f
@@@ -235,7 -235,7 +235,7 @@@ struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(uns
        struct packed_git *p = alloc_packed_git(alloc);
  
        memcpy(p->pack_name, path, alloc); /* includes NUL */
 -      hashcpy(p->sha1, sha1);
 +      hashcpy(p->hash, sha1);
        if (check_packed_git_idx(idx_path, p)) {
                free(p);
                return NULL;
@@@ -309,7 -309,7 +309,7 @@@ void close_pack_windows(struct packed_g
        }
  }
  
 -static int close_pack_fd(struct packed_git *p)
 +int close_pack_fd(struct packed_git *p)
  {
        if (p->pack_fd < 0)
                return 0;
@@@ -466,16 -466,6 +466,16 @@@ static unsigned int get_max_fd_limit(vo
  #endif
  }
  
 +const char *pack_basename(struct packed_git *p)
 +{
 +      const char *ret = strrchr(p->pack_name, '/');
 +      if (ret)
 +              ret = ret + 1; /* skip past slash */
 +      else
 +              ret = p->pack_name; /* we only have a base */
 +      return ret;
 +}
 +
  /*
   * Do not call this directly as this leaks p->pack_fd on error return;
   * call open_packed_git() instead.
@@@ -492,7 -482,7 +492,7 @@@ static int open_packed_git_1(struct pac
  
        if (!p->index_data) {
                struct multi_pack_index *m;
 -              const char *pack_name = strrchr(p->pack_name, '/');
 +              const char *pack_name = pack_basename(p);
  
                for (m = the_repository->objects->multi_pack_index;
                     m; m = m->next) {
@@@ -732,8 -722,8 +732,8 @@@ struct packed_git *add_packed_git(cons
        p->pack_local = local;
        p->mtime = st.st_mtime;
        if (path_len < the_hash_algo->hexsz ||
 -          get_sha1_hex(path + path_len - the_hash_algo->hexsz, p->sha1))
 -              hashclr(p->sha1);
 +          get_sha1_hex(path + path_len - the_hash_algo->hexsz, p->hash))
 +              hashclr(p->hash);
        return p;
  }
  
@@@ -903,25 -893,25 +903,25 @@@ static void prepare_packed_git(struct r
   * all unreachable objects about to be pruned, in which case they're not really
   * interesting as a measure of repo size in the first place.
   */
- unsigned long approximate_object_count(void)
+ unsigned long repo_approximate_object_count(struct repository *r)
  {
-       if (!the_repository->objects->approximate_object_count_valid) {
+       if (!r->objects->approximate_object_count_valid) {
                unsigned long count;
                struct multi_pack_index *m;
                struct packed_git *p;
  
-               prepare_packed_git(the_repository);
+               prepare_packed_git(r);
                count = 0;
-               for (m = get_multi_pack_index(the_repository); m; m = m->next)
+               for (m = get_multi_pack_index(r); m; m = m->next)
                        count += m->num_objects;
-               for (p = the_repository->objects->packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+               for (p = r->objects->packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
                        if (open_pack_index(p))
                                continue;
                        count += p->num_objects;
                }
-               the_repository->objects->approximate_object_count = count;
+               r->objects->approximate_object_count = count;
        }
-       return the_repository->objects->approximate_object_count;
+       return r->objects->approximate_object_count;
  }
  
  static void *get_next_packed_git(const void *p)
@@@ -2033,10 -2023,8 +2033,10 @@@ int for_each_object_in_pack(struct pack
        uint32_t i;
        int r = 0;
  
 -      if (flags & FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PACK_ORDER)
 -              load_pack_revindex(p);
 +      if (flags & FOR_EACH_OBJECT_PACK_ORDER) {
 +              if (load_pack_revindex(p))
 +                      return -1;
 +      }
  
        for (i = 0; i < p->num_objects; i++) {
                uint32_t pos;
diff --combined packfile.h
index 12baa6118a86216d76e342740c592802b70936df,f04440f9840f499b7c9163b8ad595cdbb9a5e9c3..b678d35c0b6df11623f2d29f7b7ea7dfe0e1bea1
@@@ -15,29 -15,23 +15,29 @@@ struct object_info
   *
   * Example: odb_pack_name(out, sha1, "idx") => ".git/objects/pack/pack-1234..idx"
   */
 -extern char *odb_pack_name(struct strbuf *buf, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *ext);
 +char *odb_pack_name(struct strbuf *buf, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *ext);
  
  /*
   * Return the name of the (local) packfile with the specified sha1 in
   * its name.  The return value is a pointer to memory that is
   * overwritten each time this function is called.
   */
 -extern char *sha1_pack_name(const unsigned char *sha1);
 +char *sha1_pack_name(const unsigned char *sha1);
  
  /*
   * Return the name of the (local) pack index file with the specified
   * sha1 in its name.  The return value is a pointer to memory that is
   * overwritten each time this function is called.
   */
 -extern char *sha1_pack_index_name(const unsigned char *sha1);
 +char *sha1_pack_index_name(const unsigned char *sha1);
  
 -extern struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *idx_path);
 +/*
 + * Return the basename of the packfile, omitting any containing directory
 + * (e.g., "pack-1234abcd[...].pack").
 + */
 +const char *pack_basename(struct packed_git *p);
 +
 +struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *idx_path);
  
  typedef void each_file_in_pack_dir_fn(const char *full_path, size_t full_path_len,
                                      const char *file_pach, void *data);
@@@ -51,8 -45,8 +51,8 @@@ void for_each_file_in_pack_dir(const ch
  #define PACKDIR_FILE_GARBAGE 4
  extern void (*report_garbage)(unsigned seen_bits, const char *path);
  
 -extern void reprepare_packed_git(struct repository *r);
 -extern void install_packed_git(struct repository *r, struct packed_git *pack);
 +void reprepare_packed_git(struct repository *r);
 +void install_packed_git(struct repository *r, struct packed_git *pack);
  
  struct packed_git *get_packed_git(struct repository *r);
  struct list_head *get_packed_git_mru(struct repository *r);
@@@ -63,36 -57,35 +63,37 @@@ struct packed_git *get_all_packs(struc
   * Give a rough count of objects in the repository. This sacrifices accuracy
   * for speed.
   */
- unsigned long approximate_object_count(void);
+ unsigned long repo_approximate_object_count(struct repository *r);
+ #define approximate_object_count() repo_approximate_object_count(the_repository)
  
 -extern struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
 -                                       struct packed_git *packs);
 +struct packed_git *find_sha1_pack(const unsigned char *sha1,
 +                                struct packed_git *packs);
  
 -extern void pack_report(void);
 +void pack_report(void);
  
  /*
   * mmap the index file for the specified packfile (if it is not
   * already mmapped).  Return 0 on success.
   */
 -extern int open_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
 +int open_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
  
  /*
   * munmap the index file for the specified packfile (if it is
   * currently mmapped).
   */
 -extern void close_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
 +void close_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
 +
 +int close_pack_fd(struct packed_git *p);
  
 -extern uint32_t get_pack_fanout(struct packed_git *p, uint32_t value);
 +uint32_t get_pack_fanout(struct packed_git *p, uint32_t value);
  
 -extern unsigned char *use_pack(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t, unsigned long *);
 -extern void close_pack_windows(struct packed_git *);
 -extern void close_pack(struct packed_git *);
 -extern void close_all_packs(struct raw_object_store *o);
 -extern void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **);
 -extern void clear_delta_base_cache(void);
 -extern struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *path, size_t path_len, int local);
 +unsigned char *use_pack(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t, unsigned long *);
 +void close_pack_windows(struct packed_git *);
 +void close_pack(struct packed_git *);
 +void close_all_packs(struct raw_object_store *o);
 +void unuse_pack(struct pack_window **);
 +void clear_delta_base_cache(void);
 +struct packed_git *add_packed_git(const char *path, size_t path_len, int local);
  
  /*
   * Make sure that a pointer access into an mmap'd index file is within bounds,
   * (like the 64-bit extended offset table), as we compare the size to the
   * fixed-length parts when we open the file.
   */
 -extern void check_pack_index_ptr(const struct packed_git *p, const void *ptr);
 +void check_pack_index_ptr(const struct packed_git *p, const void *ptr);
  
  /*
   * Perform binary search on a pack-index for a given oid. Packfile is expected to
@@@ -118,59 -111,59 +119,59 @@@ int bsearch_pack(const struct object_i
   * at the SHA-1 within the mmapped index.  Return NULL if there is an
   * error.
   */
 -extern const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
 +const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
  /*
   * Like nth_packed_object_sha1, but write the data into the object specified by
   * the the first argument.  Returns the first argument on success, and NULL on
   * error.
   */
 -extern const struct object_id *nth_packed_object_oid(struct object_id *, struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
 +const struct object_id *nth_packed_object_oid(struct object_id *, struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
  
  /*
   * Return the offset of the nth object within the specified packfile.
   * The index must already be opened.
   */
 -extern off_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
 +off_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct packed_git *, uint32_t n);
  
  /*
   * If the object named sha1 is present in the specified packfile,
   * return its offset within the packfile; otherwise, return 0.
   */
 -extern off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *sha1, struct packed_git *);
 +off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *sha1, struct packed_git *);
  
 -extern int is_pack_valid(struct packed_git *);
 -extern void *unpack_entry(struct repository *r, struct packed_git *, off_t, enum object_type *, unsigned long *);
 -extern unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep);
 -extern unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t);
 -extern int unpack_object_header(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t *, unsigned long *);
 +int is_pack_valid(struct packed_git *);
 +void *unpack_entry(struct repository *r, struct packed_git *, off_t, enum object_type *, unsigned long *);
 +unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep);
 +unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t);
 +int unpack_object_header(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t *, unsigned long *);
  
 -extern void release_pack_memory(size_t);
 +void release_pack_memory(size_t);
  
  /* global flag to enable extra checks when accessing packed objects */
  extern int do_check_packed_object_crc;
  
 -extern int packed_object_info(struct repository *r,
 -                            struct packed_git *pack,
 -                            off_t offset, struct object_info *);
 +int packed_object_info(struct repository *r,
 +                     struct packed_git *pack,
 +                     off_t offset, struct object_info *);
  
 -extern void mark_bad_packed_object(struct packed_git *p, const unsigned char *sha1);
 -extern const struct packed_git *has_packed_and_bad(struct repository *r, const unsigned char *sha1);
 +void mark_bad_packed_object(struct packed_git *p, const unsigned char *sha1);
 +const struct packed_git *has_packed_and_bad(struct repository *r, const unsigned char *sha1);
  
  /*
   * Iff a pack file in the given repository contains the object named by sha1,
   * return true and store its location to e.
   */
 -extern int find_pack_entry(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid, struct pack_entry *e);
 +int find_pack_entry(struct repository *r, const struct object_id *oid, struct pack_entry *e);
  
 -extern int has_object_pack(const struct object_id *oid);
 +int has_object_pack(const struct object_id *oid);
  
 -extern int has_pack_index(const unsigned char *sha1);
 +int has_pack_index(const unsigned char *sha1);
  
  /*
   * Return 1 if an object in a promisor packfile is or refers to the given
   * object, 0 otherwise.
   */
 -extern int is_promisor_object(const struct object_id *oid);
 +int is_promisor_object(const struct object_id *oid);
  
  /*
   * Expose a function for fuzz testing.
   * have a convenient entry-point for fuzz testing. For real uses, you should
   * probably use open_pack_index() or parse_pack_index() instead.
   */
 -extern int load_idx(const char *path, const unsigned int hashsz, void *idx_map,
 -                  size_t idx_size, struct packed_git *p);
 +int load_idx(const char *path, const unsigned int hashsz, void *idx_map,
 +           size_t idx_size, struct packed_git *p);
  
  #endif
diff --combined sha1-name.c
index 7754d3a3deb9b92d4c9ac1e62bec9dcbc9aea585,cf314ebb29a71df30d2a1903e1855e66978c31fe..775a73d8adf6748cd67796a6b13ea1c4843d9f6a
  #include "packfile.h"
  #include "object-store.h"
  #include "repository.h"
+ #include "submodule.h"
  #include "midx.h"
  #include "commit-reach.h"
  
- static int get_oid_oneline(const char *, struct object_id *, struct commit_list *);
+ static int get_oid_oneline(struct repository *r, const char *, struct object_id *, struct commit_list *);
  
- typedef int (*disambiguate_hint_fn)(const struct object_id *, void *);
+ typedef int (*disambiguate_hint_fn)(struct repository *, const struct object_id *, void *);
  
  struct disambiguate_state {
        int len; /* length of prefix in hex chars */
        char hex_pfx[GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
        struct object_id bin_pfx;
  
+       struct repository *repo;
        disambiguate_hint_fn fn;
        void *cb_data;
        struct object_id candidate;
@@@ -38,7 -40,7 +40,7 @@@
  static void update_candidates(struct disambiguate_state *ds, const struct object_id *current)
  {
        if (ds->always_call_fn) {
-               ds->ambiguous = ds->fn(current, ds->cb_data) ? 1 : 0;
+               ds->ambiguous = ds->fn(ds->repo, current, ds->cb_data) ? 1 : 0;
                return;
        }
        if (!ds->candidate_exists) {
@@@ -58,7 -60,7 +60,7 @@@
        }
  
        if (!ds->candidate_checked) {
-               ds->candidate_ok = ds->fn(&ds->candidate, ds->cb_data);
+               ds->candidate_ok = ds->fn(ds->repo, &ds->candidate, ds->cb_data);
                ds->disambiguate_fn_used = 1;
                ds->candidate_checked = 1;
        }
@@@ -71,7 -73,7 +73,7 @@@
        }
  
        /* if we reach this point, we know ds->candidate satisfies fn */
-       if (ds->fn(current, ds->cb_data)) {
+       if (ds->fn(ds->repo, current, ds->cb_data)) {
                /*
                 * if both current and candidate satisfy fn, we cannot
                 * disambiguate.
@@@ -89,9 -91,7 +91,7 @@@ static void find_short_object_filename(
  {
        struct object_directory *odb;
  
-       for (odb = the_repository->objects->odb;
-            odb && !ds->ambiguous;
-            odb = odb->next) {
+       for (odb = ds->repo->objects->odb; odb && !ds->ambiguous; odb = odb->next) {
                int pos;
                struct oid_array *loose_objects;
  
@@@ -182,10 -182,10 +182,10 @@@ static void find_short_packed_object(st
        struct multi_pack_index *m;
        struct packed_git *p;
  
-       for (m = get_multi_pack_index(the_repository); m && !ds->ambiguous;
+       for (m = get_multi_pack_index(ds->repo); m && !ds->ambiguous;
             m = m->next)
                unique_in_midx(m, ds);
-       for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p && !ds->ambiguous;
+       for (p = get_packed_git(ds->repo); p && !ds->ambiguous;
             p = p->next)
                unique_in_pack(p, ds);
  }
@@@ -215,7 -215,7 +215,7 @@@ static int finish_object_disambiguation
                 * same repository!
                 */
                ds->candidate_ok = (!ds->disambiguate_fn_used ||
-                                   ds->fn(&ds->candidate, ds->cb_data));
+                                   ds->fn(ds->repo, &ds->candidate, ds->cb_data));
  
        if (!ds->candidate_ok)
                return SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS;
        return 0;
  }
  
- static int disambiguate_commit_only(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data_unused)
+ static int disambiguate_commit_only(struct repository *r,
+                                   const struct object_id *oid,
+                                   void *cb_data_unused)
  {
-       int kind = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+       int kind = oid_object_info(r, oid, NULL);
        return kind == OBJ_COMMIT;
  }
  
- static int disambiguate_committish_only(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data_unused)
+ static int disambiguate_committish_only(struct repository *r,
+                                       const struct object_id *oid,
+                                       void *cb_data_unused)
  {
        struct object *obj;
        int kind;
  
-       kind = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+       kind = oid_object_info(r, oid, NULL);
        if (kind == OBJ_COMMIT)
                return 1;
        if (kind != OBJ_TAG)
                return 0;
  
        /* We need to do this the hard way... */
-       obj = deref_tag(the_repository, parse_object(the_repository, oid),
-                       NULL, 0);
+       obj = deref_tag(r, parse_object(r, oid), NULL, 0);
        if (obj && obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
                return 1;
        return 0;
  }
  
- static int disambiguate_tree_only(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data_unused)
+ static int disambiguate_tree_only(struct repository *r,
+                                 const struct object_id *oid,
+                                 void *cb_data_unused)
  {
-       int kind = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+       int kind = oid_object_info(r, oid, NULL);
        return kind == OBJ_TREE;
  }
  
- static int disambiguate_treeish_only(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data_unused)
+ static int disambiguate_treeish_only(struct repository *r,
+                                    const struct object_id *oid,
+                                    void *cb_data_unused)
  {
        struct object *obj;
        int kind;
  
-       kind = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+       kind = oid_object_info(r, oid, NULL);
        if (kind == OBJ_TREE || kind == OBJ_COMMIT)
                return 1;
        if (kind != OBJ_TAG)
                return 0;
  
        /* We need to do this the hard way... */
-       obj = deref_tag(the_repository, parse_object(the_repository, oid),
-                       NULL, 0);
+       obj = deref_tag(r, parse_object(r, oid), NULL, 0);
        if (obj && (obj->type == OBJ_TREE || obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT))
                return 1;
        return 0;
  }
  
- static int disambiguate_blob_only(const struct object_id *oid, void *cb_data_unused)
+ static int disambiguate_blob_only(struct repository *r,
+                                 const struct object_id *oid,
+                                 void *cb_data_unused)
  {
-       int kind = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+       int kind = oid_object_info(r, oid, NULL);
        return kind == OBJ_BLOB;
  }
  
@@@ -310,7 -318,8 +318,8 @@@ int set_disambiguate_hint_config(const 
        return error("unknown hint type for '%s': %s", var, value);
  }
  
- static int init_object_disambiguation(const char *name, int len,
+ static int init_object_disambiguation(struct repository *r,
+                                     const char *name, int len,
                                      struct disambiguate_state *ds)
  {
        int i;
  
        ds->len = len;
        ds->hex_pfx[len] = '\0';
-       prepare_alt_odb(the_repository);
+       ds->repo = r;
+       prepare_alt_odb(r);
        return 0;
  }
  
@@@ -351,25 -361,25 +361,25 @@@ static int show_ambiguous_object(const 
        struct strbuf desc = STRBUF_INIT;
        int type;
  
-       if (ds->fn && !ds->fn(oid, ds->cb_data))
+       if (ds->fn && !ds->fn(ds->repo, oid, ds->cb_data))
                return 0;
  
-       type = oid_object_info(the_repository, oid, NULL);
+       type = oid_object_info(ds->repo, oid, NULL);
        if (type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
-               struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(the_repository, oid);
+               struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(ds->repo, oid);
                if (commit) {
                        struct pretty_print_context pp = {0};
                        pp.date_mode.type = DATE_SHORT;
                        format_commit_message(commit, " %ad - %s", &desc, &pp);
                }
        } else if (type == OBJ_TAG) {
-               struct tag *tag = lookup_tag(the_repository, oid);
+               struct tag *tag = lookup_tag(ds->repo, oid);
                if (!parse_tag(tag) && tag->tag)
                        strbuf_addf(&desc, " %s", tag->tag);
        }
  
        advise("  %s %s%s",
-              find_unique_abbrev(oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
+              repo_find_unique_abbrev(ds->repo, oid, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
               type_name(type) ? type_name(type) : "unknown type",
               desc.buf);
  
@@@ -383,10 -393,18 +393,18 @@@ static int collect_ambiguous(const stru
        return 0;
  }
  
+ static int repo_collect_ambiguous(struct repository *r,
+                                 const struct object_id *oid,
+                                 void *data)
+ {
+       return collect_ambiguous(oid, data);
+ }
+ static struct repository *sort_ambiguous_repo;
  static int sort_ambiguous(const void *a, const void *b)
  {
-       int a_type = oid_object_info(the_repository, a, NULL);
-       int b_type = oid_object_info(the_repository, b, NULL);
+       int a_type = oid_object_info(sort_ambiguous_repo, a, NULL);
+       int b_type = oid_object_info(sort_ambiguous_repo, b, NULL);
        int a_type_sort;
        int b_type_sort;
  
        return a_type_sort > b_type_sort ? 1 : -1;
  }
  
- static enum get_oid_result get_short_oid(const char *name, int len,
+ static void sort_ambiguous_oid_array(struct repository *r, struct oid_array *a)
+ {
+       /* mutex will be needed if this code is to be made thread safe */
+       sort_ambiguous_repo = r;
+       QSORT(a->oid, a->nr, sort_ambiguous);
+       sort_ambiguous_repo = NULL;
+ }
+ static enum get_oid_result get_short_oid(struct repository *r,
+                                        const char *name, int len,
                                         struct object_id *oid,
                                         unsigned flags)
  {
        struct disambiguate_state ds;
        int quietly = !!(flags & GET_OID_QUIETLY);
  
-       if (init_object_disambiguation(name, len, &ds) < 0)
+       if (init_object_disambiguation(r, name, len, &ds) < 0)
                return -1;
  
        if (HAS_MULTI_BITS(flags & GET_OID_DISAMBIGUATORS))
        find_short_packed_object(&ds);
        status = finish_object_disambiguation(&ds, oid);
  
 +      /*
 +       * If we didn't find it, do the usual reprepare() slow-path,
 +       * since the object may have recently been added to the repository
 +       * or migrated from loose to packed.
 +       */
 +      if (status == MISSING_OBJECT) {
 +              reprepare_packed_git(the_repository);
 +              find_short_object_filename(&ds);
 +              find_short_packed_object(&ds);
 +              status = finish_object_disambiguation(&ds, oid);
 +      }
 +
        if (!quietly && (status == SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS)) {
                struct oid_array collect = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
  
                        ds.fn = NULL;
  
                advise(_("The candidates are:"));
-               for_each_abbrev(ds.hex_pfx, collect_ambiguous, &collect);
-               QSORT(collect.oid, collect.nr, sort_ambiguous);
+               repo_for_each_abbrev(r, ds.hex_pfx, collect_ambiguous, &collect);
+               sort_ambiguous_oid_array(r, &collect);
  
                if (oid_array_for_each(&collect, show_ambiguous_object, &ds))
                        BUG("show_ambiguous_object shouldn't return non-zero");
        return status;
  }
  
- int for_each_abbrev(const char *prefix, each_abbrev_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+ int repo_for_each_abbrev(struct repository *r, const char *prefix,
+                        each_abbrev_fn fn, void *cb_data)
  {
        struct oid_array collect = OID_ARRAY_INIT;
        struct disambiguate_state ds;
        int ret;
  
-       if (init_object_disambiguation(prefix, strlen(prefix), &ds) < 0)
+       if (init_object_disambiguation(r, prefix, strlen(prefix), &ds) < 0)
                return -1;
  
        ds.always_call_fn = 1;
-       ds.fn = collect_ambiguous;
+       ds.fn = repo_collect_ambiguous;
        ds.cb_data = &collect;
        find_short_object_filename(&ds);
        find_short_packed_object(&ds);
@@@ -517,6 -533,7 +545,7 @@@ struct min_abbrev_data 
        unsigned int init_len;
        unsigned int cur_len;
        char *hex;
+       struct repository *repo;
        const struct object_id *oid;
  };
  
@@@ -545,6 -562,13 +574,13 @@@ static int extend_abbrev_len(const stru
        return 0;
  }
  
+ static int repo_extend_abbrev_len(struct repository *r,
+                                 const struct object_id *oid,
+                                 void *cb_data)
+ {
+       return extend_abbrev_len(oid, cb_data);
+ }
  static void find_abbrev_len_for_midx(struct multi_pack_index *m,
                                     struct min_abbrev_data *mad)
  {
@@@ -622,21 -646,22 +658,22 @@@ static void find_abbrev_len_packed(stru
        struct multi_pack_index *m;
        struct packed_git *p;
  
-       for (m = get_multi_pack_index(the_repository); m; m = m->next)
+       for (m = get_multi_pack_index(mad->repo); m; m = m->next)
                find_abbrev_len_for_midx(m, mad);
-       for (p = get_packed_git(the_repository); p; p = p->next)
+       for (p = get_packed_git(mad->repo); p; p = p->next)
                find_abbrev_len_for_pack(p, mad);
  }
  
- int find_unique_abbrev_r(char *hex, const struct object_id *oid, int len)
+ int repo_find_unique_abbrev_r(struct repository *r, char *hex,
+                             const struct object_id *oid, int len)
  {
        struct disambiguate_state ds;
        struct min_abbrev_data mad;
        struct object_id oid_ret;
-       const unsigned hexsz = the_hash_algo->hexsz;
+       const unsigned hexsz = r->hash_algo->hexsz;
  
        if (len < 0) {
-               unsigned long count = approximate_object_count();
+               unsigned long count = repo_approximate_object_count(r);
                /*
                 * Add one because the MSB only tells us the highest bit set,
                 * not including the value of all the _other_ bits (so "15"
        if (len == hexsz || !len)
                return hexsz;
  
+       mad.repo = r;
        mad.init_len = len;
        mad.cur_len = len;
        mad.hex = hex;
  
        find_abbrev_len_packed(&mad);
  
-       if (init_object_disambiguation(hex, mad.cur_len, &ds) < 0)
+       if (init_object_disambiguation(r, hex, mad.cur_len, &ds) < 0)
                return -1;
  
-       ds.fn = extend_abbrev_len;
+       ds.fn = repo_extend_abbrev_len;
        ds.always_call_fn = 1;
        ds.cb_data = (void *)&mad;
  
        return mad.cur_len;
  }
  
- const char *find_unique_abbrev(const struct object_id *oid, int len)
+ const char *repo_find_unique_abbrev(struct repository *r,
+                                   const struct object_id *oid,
+                                   int len)
  {
        static int bufno;
        static char hexbuffer[4][GIT_MAX_HEXSZ + 1];
        char *hex = hexbuffer[bufno];
        bufno = (bufno + 1) % ARRAY_SIZE(hexbuffer);
-       find_unique_abbrev_r(hex, oid, len);
+       repo_find_unique_abbrev_r(r, hex, oid, len);
        return hex;
  }
  
@@@ -743,11 -771,11 +783,11 @@@ static inline int push_mark(const char 
        return at_mark(string, len, suffix, ARRAY_SIZE(suffix));
  }
  
- static enum get_oid_result get_oid_1(const char *name, int len, struct object_id *oid, unsigned lookup_flags);
- static int interpret_nth_prior_checkout(const char *name, int namelen, struct strbuf *buf);
+ static enum get_oid_result get_oid_1(struct repository *r, const char *name, int len, struct object_id *oid, unsigned lookup_flags);
+ static int interpret_nth_prior_checkout(struct repository *r, const char *name, int namelen, struct strbuf *buf);
  
- static int get_oid_basic(const char *str, int len, struct object_id *oid,
-                         unsigned int flags)
+ static int get_oid_basic(struct repository *r, const char *str, int len,
+                        struct object_id *oid, unsigned int flags)
  {
        static const char *warn_msg = "refname '%.*s' is ambiguous.";
        static const char *object_name_msg = N_(
        int refs_found = 0;
        int at, reflog_len, nth_prior = 0;
  
-       if (len == the_hash_algo->hexsz && !get_oid_hex(str, oid)) {
+       if (len == r->hash_algo->hexsz && !get_oid_hex(str, oid)) {
                if (warn_ambiguous_refs && warn_on_object_refname_ambiguity) {
-                       refs_found = dwim_ref(str, len, &tmp_oid, &real_ref);
+                       refs_found = repo_dwim_ref(r, str, len, &tmp_oid, &real_ref);
                        if (refs_found > 0) {
                                warning(warn_msg, len, str);
                                if (advice_object_name_warning)
                struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
                int detached;
  
-               if (interpret_nth_prior_checkout(str, len, &buf) > 0) {
-                       detached = (buf.len == the_hash_algo->hexsz && !get_oid_hex(buf.buf, oid));
+               if (interpret_nth_prior_checkout(r, str, len, &buf) > 0) {
+                       detached = (buf.len == r->hash_algo->hexsz && !get_oid_hex(buf.buf, oid));
                        strbuf_release(&buf);
                        if (detached)
                                return 0;
  
        if (!len && reflog_len)
                /* allow "@{...}" to mean the current branch reflog */
-               refs_found = dwim_ref("HEAD", 4, oid, &real_ref);
+               refs_found = repo_dwim_ref(r, "HEAD", 4, oid, &real_ref);
        else if (reflog_len)
-               refs_found = dwim_log(str, len, oid, &real_ref);
+               refs_found = repo_dwim_log(r, str, len, oid, &real_ref);
        else
-               refs_found = dwim_ref(str, len, oid, &real_ref);
+               refs_found = repo_dwim_ref(r, str, len, oid, &real_ref);
  
        if (!refs_found)
                return -1;
  
        if (warn_ambiguous_refs && !(flags & GET_OID_QUIETLY) &&
            (refs_found > 1 ||
-            !get_short_oid(str, len, &tmp_oid, GET_OID_QUIETLY)))
+            !get_short_oid(r, str, len, &tmp_oid, GET_OID_QUIETLY)))
                warning(warn_msg, len, str);
  
        if (reflog_len) {
                                return -1;
                        }
                }
-               if (read_ref_at(real_ref, flags, at_time, nth, oid, NULL,
+               if (read_ref_at(get_main_ref_store(r),
+                               real_ref, flags, at_time, nth, oid, NULL,
                                &co_time, &co_tz, &co_cnt)) {
                        if (!len) {
                                if (starts_with(real_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
        return 0;
  }
  
- static enum get_oid_result get_parent(const char *name, int len,
+ static enum get_oid_result get_parent(struct repository *r,
+                                     const char *name, int len,
                                      struct object_id *result, int idx)
  {
        struct object_id oid;
-       enum get_oid_result ret = get_oid_1(name, len, &oid,
+       enum get_oid_result ret = get_oid_1(r, name, len, &oid,
                                            GET_OID_COMMITTISH);
        struct commit *commit;
        struct commit_list *p;
  
        if (ret)
                return ret;
-       commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
+       commit = lookup_commit_reference(r, &oid);
        if (parse_commit(commit))
                return MISSING_OBJECT;
        if (!idx) {
        return MISSING_OBJECT;
  }
  
- static enum get_oid_result get_nth_ancestor(const char *name, int len,
+ static enum get_oid_result get_nth_ancestor(struct repository *r,
+                                           const char *name, int len,
                                            struct object_id *result,
                                            int generation)
  {
        struct commit *commit;
        int ret;
  
-       ret = get_oid_1(name, len, &oid, GET_OID_COMMITTISH);
+       ret = get_oid_1(r, name, len, &oid, GET_OID_COMMITTISH);
        if (ret)
                return ret;
-       commit = lookup_commit_reference(the_repository, &oid);
+       commit = lookup_commit_reference(r, &oid);
        if (!commit)
                return MISSING_OBJECT;
  
        return FOUND;
  }
  
- struct object *peel_to_type(const char *name, int namelen,
-                           struct object *o, enum object_type expected_type)
+ struct object *repo_peel_to_type(struct repository *r, const char *name, int namelen,
+                                struct object *o, enum object_type expected_type)
  {
        if (name && !namelen)
                namelen = strlen(name);
        while (1) {
-               if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(the_repository, &o->oid)))
+               if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(r, &o->oid)))
                        return NULL;
                if (expected_type == OBJ_ANY || o->type == expected_type)
                        return o;
                if (o->type == OBJ_TAG)
                        o = ((struct tag*) o)->tagged;
                else if (o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-                       o = &(get_commit_tree(((struct commit *)o))->object);
+                       o = &(repo_get_commit_tree(r, ((struct commit *)o))->object);
                else {
                        if (name)
                                error("%.*s: expected %s type, but the object "
        }
  }
  
- static int peel_onion(const char *name, int len, struct object_id *oid,
-                     unsigned lookup_flags)
+ static int peel_onion(struct repository *r, const char *name, int len,
+                     struct object_id *oid, unsigned lookup_flags)
  {
        struct object_id outer;
        const char *sp;
        else if (expected_type == OBJ_TREE)
                lookup_flags |= GET_OID_TREEISH;
  
-       if (get_oid_1(name, sp - name - 2, &outer, lookup_flags))
+       if (get_oid_1(r, name, sp - name - 2, &outer, lookup_flags))
                return -1;
  
-       o = parse_object(the_repository, &outer);
+       o = parse_object(r, &outer);
        if (!o)
                return -1;
        if (!expected_type) {
-               o = deref_tag(the_repository, o, name, sp - name - 2);
-               if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(the_repository, &o->oid)))
+               o = deref_tag(r, o, name, sp - name - 2);
+               if (!o || (!o->parsed && !parse_object(r, &o->oid)))
                        return -1;
                oidcpy(oid, &o->oid);
                return 0;
         * if we do not get the needed object, we should
         * barf.
         */
-       o = peel_to_type(name, len, o, expected_type);
+       o = repo_peel_to_type(r, name, len, o, expected_type);
        if (!o)
                return -1;
  
  
                prefix = xstrndup(sp + 1, name + len - 1 - (sp + 1));
                commit_list_insert((struct commit *)o, &list);
-               ret = get_oid_oneline(prefix, oid, list);
+               ret = get_oid_oneline(r, prefix, oid, list);
                free(prefix);
                return ret;
        }
        return 0;
  }
  
- static int get_describe_name(const char *name, int len, struct object_id *oid)
+ static int get_describe_name(struct repository *r,
+                            const char *name, int len,
+                            struct object_id *oid)
  {
        const char *cp;
        unsigned flags = GET_OID_QUIETLY | GET_OID_COMMIT;
                        if (ch == 'g' && cp[-1] == '-') {
                                cp++;
                                len -= cp - name;
-                               return get_short_oid(cp, len, oid, flags);
+                               return get_short_oid(r,
+                                                    cp, len, oid, flags);
                        }
                }
        }
        return -1;
  }
  
- static enum get_oid_result get_oid_1(const char *name, int len,
+ static enum get_oid_result get_oid_1(struct repository *r,
+                                    const char *name, int len,
                                     struct object_id *oid,
                                     unsigned lookup_flags)
  {
                if (!num && len1 == len - 1)
                        num = 1;
                if (has_suffix == '^')
-                       return get_parent(name, len1, oid, num);
+                       return get_parent(r, name, len1, oid, num);
                /* else if (has_suffix == '~') -- goes without saying */
-               return get_nth_ancestor(name, len1, oid, num);
+               return get_nth_ancestor(r, name, len1, oid, num);
        }
  
-       ret = peel_onion(name, len, oid, lookup_flags);
+       ret = peel_onion(r, name, len, oid, lookup_flags);
        if (!ret)
                return FOUND;
  
-       ret = get_oid_basic(name, len, oid, lookup_flags);
+       ret = get_oid_basic(r, name, len, oid, lookup_flags);
        if (!ret)
                return FOUND;
  
        /* It could be describe output that is "SOMETHING-gXXXX" */
-       ret = get_describe_name(name, len, oid);
+       ret = get_describe_name(r, name, len, oid);
        if (!ret)
                return FOUND;
  
-       return get_short_oid(name, len, oid, lookup_flags);
+       return get_short_oid(r, name, len, oid, lookup_flags);
  }
  
  /*
  /* Remember to update object flag allocation in object.h */
  #define ONELINE_SEEN (1u<<20)
  
+ struct handle_one_ref_cb {
+       struct repository *repo;
+       struct commit_list **list;
+ };
  static int handle_one_ref(const char *path, const struct object_id *oid,
                          int flag, void *cb_data)
  {
-       struct commit_list **list = cb_data;
-       struct object *object = parse_object(the_repository, oid);
+       struct handle_one_ref_cb *cb = cb_data;
+       struct commit_list **list = cb->list;
+       struct object *object = parse_object(cb->repo, oid);
        if (!object)
                return 0;
        if (object->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-               object = deref_tag(the_repository, object, path,
+               object = deref_tag(cb->repo, object, path,
                                   strlen(path));
                if (!object)
                        return 0;
        return 0;
  }
  
- static int get_oid_oneline(const char *prefix, struct object_id *oid,
-                           struct commit_list *list)
+ static int get_oid_oneline(struct repository *r,
+                          const char *prefix, struct object_id *oid,
+                          struct commit_list *list)
  {
        struct commit_list *backup = NULL, *l;
        int found = 0;
                int matches;
  
                commit = pop_most_recent_commit(&list, ONELINE_SEEN);
-               if (!parse_object(the_repository, &commit->object.oid))
+               if (!parse_object(r, &commit->object.oid))
                        continue;
                buf = get_commit_buffer(commit, NULL);
                p = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
@@@ -1258,7 -1300,8 +1312,8 @@@ static int grab_nth_branch_switch(struc
   * Parse @{-N} syntax, return the number of characters parsed
   * if successful; otherwise signal an error with negative value.
   */
- static int interpret_nth_prior_checkout(const char *name, int namelen,
+ static int interpret_nth_prior_checkout(struct repository *r,
+                                       const char *name, int namelen,
                                        struct strbuf *buf)
  {
        long nth;
        cb.remaining = nth;
        strbuf_init(&cb.buf, 20);
  
-       retval = 0;
-       if (0 < for_each_reflog_ent_reverse("HEAD", grab_nth_branch_switch, &cb)) {
+       retval = refs_for_each_reflog_ent_reverse(get_main_ref_store(r),
+                       "HEAD", grab_nth_branch_switch, &cb);
+       if (0 < retval) {
                strbuf_reset(buf);
                strbuf_addbuf(buf, &cb.buf);
                retval = brace - name + 1;
-       }
+       } else
+               retval = 0;
  
        strbuf_release(&cb.buf);
        return retval;
  }
  
- int get_oid_mb(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
+ int repo_get_oid_mb(struct repository *r,
+                   const char *name,
+                   struct object_id *oid)
  {
        struct commit *one, *two;
        struct commit_list *mbs;
  
        dots = strstr(name, "...");
        if (!dots)
-               return get_oid(name, oid);
+               return repo_get_oid(r, name, oid);
        if (dots == name)
-               st = get_oid("HEAD", &oid_tmp);
+               st = repo_get_oid(r, "HEAD", &oid_tmp);
        else {
                struct strbuf sb;
                strbuf_init(&sb, dots - name);
                strbuf_add(&sb, name, dots - name);
-               st = get_oid_committish(sb.buf, &oid_tmp);
+               st = repo_get_oid_committish(r, sb.buf, &oid_tmp);
                strbuf_release(&sb);
        }
        if (st)
                return st;
-       one = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &oid_tmp, 0);
+       one = lookup_commit_reference_gently(r, &oid_tmp, 0);
        if (!one)
                return -1;
  
-       if (get_oid_committish(dots[3] ? (dots + 3) : "HEAD", &oid_tmp))
+       if (repo_get_oid_committish(r, dots[3] ? (dots + 3) : "HEAD", &oid_tmp))
                return -1;
-       two = lookup_commit_reference_gently(the_repository, &oid_tmp, 0);
+       two = lookup_commit_reference_gently(r, &oid_tmp, 0);
        if (!two)
                return -1;
+       if (r != the_repository)
+               BUG("sorry get_merge_bases() can't take struct repository yet");
        mbs = get_merge_bases(one, two);
        if (!mbs || mbs->next)
                st = -1;
@@@ -1357,7 -1406,8 +1418,8 @@@ static int interpret_empty_at(const cha
        return 1;
  }
  
- static int reinterpret(const char *name, int namelen, int len,
+ static int reinterpret(struct repository *r,
+                      const char *name, int namelen, int len,
                       struct strbuf *buf, unsigned allowed)
  {
        /* we have extra data, which might need further processing */
        int ret;
  
        strbuf_add(buf, name + len, namelen - len);
-       ret = interpret_branch_name(buf->buf, buf->len, &tmp, allowed);
+       ret = repo_interpret_branch_name(r, buf->buf, buf->len, &tmp, allowed);
        /* that data was not interpreted, remove our cruft */
        if (ret < 0) {
                strbuf_setlen(buf, used);
        return ret - used + len;
  }
  
- static void set_shortened_ref(struct strbuf *buf, const char *ref)
+ static void set_shortened_ref(struct repository *r, struct strbuf *buf, const char *ref)
  {
-       char *s = shorten_unambiguous_ref(ref, 0);
+       char *s = refs_shorten_unambiguous_ref(get_main_ref_store(r), ref, 0);
        strbuf_reset(buf);
        strbuf_addstr(buf, s);
        free(s);
@@@ -1402,7 -1452,8 +1464,8 @@@ static int branch_interpret_allowed(con
        return 0;
  }
  
- static int interpret_branch_mark(const char *name, int namelen,
+ static int interpret_branch_mark(struct repository *r,
+                                const char *name, int namelen,
                                 int at, struct strbuf *buf,
                                 int (*get_mark)(const char *, int),
                                 const char *(*get_data)(struct branch *,
        if (!branch_interpret_allowed(value, allowed))
                return -1;
  
-       set_shortened_ref(buf, value);
+       set_shortened_ref(r, buf, value);
        return len + at;
  }
  
- int interpret_branch_name(const char *name, int namelen, struct strbuf *buf,
-                         unsigned allowed)
+ int repo_interpret_branch_name(struct repository *r,
+                              const char *name, int namelen,
+                              struct strbuf *buf,
+                              unsigned allowed)
  {
        char *at;
        const char *start;
                namelen = strlen(name);
  
        if (!allowed || (allowed & INTERPRET_BRANCH_LOCAL)) {
-               len = interpret_nth_prior_checkout(name, namelen, buf);
+               len = interpret_nth_prior_checkout(r, name, namelen, buf);
                if (!len) {
                        return len; /* syntax Ok, not enough switches */
                } else if (len > 0) {
                        if (len == namelen)
                                return len; /* consumed all */
                        else
-                               return reinterpret(name, namelen, len, buf, allowed);
+                               return reinterpret(r, name, namelen, len, buf, allowed);
                }
        }
  
                if (!allowed || (allowed & INTERPRET_BRANCH_HEAD)) {
                        len = interpret_empty_at(name, namelen, at - name, buf);
                        if (len > 0)
-                               return reinterpret(name, namelen, len, buf,
+                               return reinterpret(r, name, namelen, len, buf,
                                                   allowed);
                }
  
-               len = interpret_branch_mark(name, namelen, at - name, buf,
+               len = interpret_branch_mark(r, name, namelen, at - name, buf,
                                            upstream_mark, branch_get_upstream,
                                            allowed);
                if (len > 0)
                        return len;
  
-               len = interpret_branch_mark(name, namelen, at - name, buf,
+               len = interpret_branch_mark(r, name, namelen, at - name, buf,
                                            push_mark, branch_get_push,
                                            allowed);
                if (len > 0)
@@@ -1524,31 -1577,12 +1589,31 @@@ int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strb
   * This is like "get_oid_basic()", except it allows "object ID expressions",
   * notably "xyz^" for "parent of xyz"
   */
- int get_oid(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
+ int repo_get_oid(struct repository *r, const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
  {
        struct object_context unused;
-       return get_oid_with_context(the_repository, name, 0, oid, &unused);
+       return get_oid_with_context(r, name, 0, oid, &unused);
  }
  
 +/*
 + * This returns a non-zero value if the string (built using printf
 + * format and the given arguments) is not a valid object.
 + */
 +int get_oidf(struct object_id *oid, const char *fmt, ...)
 +{
 +      va_list ap;
 +      int ret;
 +      struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 +
 +      va_start(ap, fmt);
 +      strbuf_vaddf(&sb, fmt, ap);
 +      va_end(ap);
 +
 +      ret = get_oid(sb.buf, oid);
 +      strbuf_release(&sb);
 +
 +      return ret;
 +}
  
  /*
   * Many callers know that the user meant to name a commit-ish by
   * commit-ish. It is merely to give a hint to the disambiguation
   * machinery.
   */
- int get_oid_committish(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
+ int repo_get_oid_committish(struct repository *r,
+                           const char *name,
+                           struct object_id *oid)
  {
        struct object_context unused;
-       return get_oid_with_context(the_repository,
-                                   name, GET_OID_COMMITTISH,
+       return get_oid_with_context(r, name, GET_OID_COMMITTISH,
                                    oid, &unused);
  }
  
- int get_oid_treeish(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
+ int repo_get_oid_treeish(struct repository *r,
+                        const char *name,
+                        struct object_id *oid)
  {
        struct object_context unused;
-       return get_oid_with_context(the_repository,
-                                   name, GET_OID_TREEISH,
+       return get_oid_with_context(r, name, GET_OID_TREEISH,
                                    oid, &unused);
  }
  
- int get_oid_commit(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
+ int repo_get_oid_commit(struct repository *r,
+                       const char *name,
+                       struct object_id *oid)
  {
        struct object_context unused;
-       return get_oid_with_context(the_repository,
-                                   name, GET_OID_COMMIT,
+       return get_oid_with_context(r, name, GET_OID_COMMIT,
                                    oid, &unused);
  }
  
- int get_oid_tree(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
+ int repo_get_oid_tree(struct repository *r,
+                     const char *name,
+                     struct object_id *oid)
  {
        struct object_context unused;
-       return get_oid_with_context(the_repository,
-                                   name, GET_OID_TREE,
+       return get_oid_with_context(r, name, GET_OID_TREE,
                                    oid, &unused);
  }
  
- int get_oid_blob(const char *name, struct object_id *oid)
+ int repo_get_oid_blob(struct repository *r,
+                     const char *name,
+                     struct object_id *oid)
  {
        struct object_context unused;
-       return get_oid_with_context(the_repository,
-                                   name, GET_OID_BLOB,
+       return get_oid_with_context(r, name, GET_OID_BLOB,
                                    oid, &unused);
  }
  
@@@ -1608,7 -1647,7 +1678,7 @@@ static void diagnose_invalid_oid_path(c
                                      int object_name_len)
  {
        struct object_id oid;
 -      unsigned mode;
 +      unsigned short mode;
  
        if (!prefix)
                prefix = "";
  }
  
  /* Must be called only when :stage:filename doesn't exist. */
- static void diagnose_invalid_index_path(struct index_state *istate,
+ static void diagnose_invalid_index_path(struct repository *r,
                                        int stage,
                                        const char *prefix,
                                        const char *filename)
  {
+       struct index_state *istate = r->index;
        const struct cache_entry *ce;
        int pos;
        unsigned namelen = strlen(filename);
                            ce_stage(ce), filename);
        }
  
-       if (file_exists(filename))
+       if (repo_file_exists(r, filename))
                die("Path '%s' exists on disk, but not in the index.", filename);
        if (is_missing_file_error(errno))
                die("Path '%s' does not exist (neither on disk nor in the index).",
  }
  
  
- static char *resolve_relative_path(const char *rel)
+ static char *resolve_relative_path(struct repository *r, const char *rel)
  {
        if (!starts_with(rel, "./") && !starts_with(rel, "../"))
                return NULL;
  
-       if (!is_inside_work_tree())
+       if (r != the_repository || !is_inside_work_tree())
                die("relative path syntax can't be used outside working tree.");
  
        /* die() inside prefix_path() if resolved path is outside worktree */
@@@ -1721,7 -1761,7 +1792,7 @@@ static enum get_oid_result get_oid_with
        memset(oc, 0, sizeof(*oc));
        oc->mode = S_IFINVALID;
        strbuf_init(&oc->symlink_path, 0);
-       ret = get_oid_1(name, namelen, oid, flags);
+       ret = get_oid_1(repo, name, namelen, oid, flags);
        if (!ret)
                return ret;
        /*
                char *new_path = NULL;
                int pos;
                if (!only_to_die && namelen > 2 && name[1] == '/') {
+                       struct handle_one_ref_cb cb;
                        struct commit_list *list = NULL;
  
-                       for_each_ref(handle_one_ref, &list);
-                       head_ref(handle_one_ref, &list);
+                       cb.repo = repo;
+                       cb.list = &list;
+                       refs_for_each_ref(repo->refs, handle_one_ref, &cb);
+                       refs_head_ref(repo->refs, handle_one_ref, &cb);
                        commit_list_sort_by_date(&list);
-                       return get_oid_oneline(name + 2, oid, list);
+                       return get_oid_oneline(repo, name + 2, oid, list);
                }
                if (namelen < 3 ||
                    name[2] != ':' ||
                        stage = name[1] - '0';
                        cp = name + 3;
                }
-               new_path = resolve_relative_path(cp);
+               new_path = resolve_relative_path(repo, cp);
                if (!new_path) {
                        namelen = namelen - (cp - name);
                } else {
                        oc->path = xstrdup(cp);
  
                if (!repo->index->cache)
-                       repo_read_index(the_repository);
+                       repo_read_index(repo);
                pos = index_name_pos(repo->index, cp, namelen);
                if (pos < 0)
                        pos = -pos - 1;
                        pos++;
                }
                if (only_to_die && name[1] && name[1] != '/')
-                       diagnose_invalid_index_path(repo->index, stage, prefix, cp);
+                       diagnose_invalid_index_path(repo, stage, prefix, cp);
                free(new_path);
                return -1;
        }
                sub_flags &= ~GET_OID_DISAMBIGUATORS;
                sub_flags |= GET_OID_TREEISH;
  
-               if (!get_oid_1(name, len, &tree_oid, sub_flags)) {
+               if (!get_oid_1(repo, name, len, &tree_oid, sub_flags)) {
                        const char *filename = cp+1;
                        char *new_filename = NULL;
  
-                       new_filename = resolve_relative_path(filename);
+                       new_filename = resolve_relative_path(repo, filename);
                        if (new_filename)
                                filename = new_filename;
+                       /*
+                        * NEEDSWORK: Eventually get_tree_entry*() should
+                        * learn to take struct repository directly and we
+                        * would not need to inject submodule odb to the
+                        * in-core odb.
+                        */
+                       if (repo != the_repository)
+                               add_to_alternates_memory(repo->objects->odb->path);
                        if (flags & GET_OID_FOLLOW_SYMLINKS) {
                                ret = get_tree_entry_follow_symlinks(&tree_oid,
                                        filename, oid, &oc->symlink_path,
   * exist in 'HEAD'" when given "HEAD:doc", or it may return in which case
   * you have a chance to diagnose the error further.
   */
- void maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name(const char *name, const char *prefix)
+ void maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name(struct repository *r,
+                                      const char *name,
+                                      const char *prefix)
  {
        struct object_context oc;
        struct object_id oid;
-       get_oid_with_context_1(the_repository, name, GET_OID_ONLY_TO_DIE,
+       get_oid_with_context_1(r, name, GET_OID_ONLY_TO_DIE,
                               prefix, &oid, &oc);
  }
  
diff --combined upload-pack.c
index cb603a6d8aeaeb4ccbae0968df6bf13813cc2a51,56505d60c341ed4f718de23307fe52ce05d838fa..d2ea5eb20d90557de4dc979d98a9479e0c2e7d9b
@@@ -592,8 -592,7 +592,8 @@@ error
        return 1;
  }
  
 -static void check_non_tip(struct object_array *want_obj)
 +static void check_non_tip(struct object_array *want_obj,
 +                        struct packet_writer *writer)
  {
        int i;
  
@@@ -612,13 -611,9 +612,13 @@@ error
        /* Pick one of them (we know there at least is one) */
        for (i = 0; i < want_obj->nr; i++) {
                struct object *o = want_obj->objects[i].item;
 -              if (!is_our_ref(o))
 +              if (!is_our_ref(o)) {
 +                      packet_writer_error(writer,
 +                                          "upload-pack: not our ref %s",
 +                                          oid_to_hex(&o->oid));
                        die("git upload-pack: not our ref %s",
                            oid_to_hex(&o->oid));
 +              }
        }
  }
  
@@@ -839,7 -834,7 +839,7 @@@ static int process_deepen_not(const cha
        if (skip_prefix(line, "deepen-not ", &arg)) {
                char *ref = NULL;
                struct object_id oid;
-               if (expand_ref(arg, strlen(arg), &oid, &ref) != 1)
+               if (expand_ref(the_repository, arg, strlen(arg), &oid, &ref) != 1)
                        die("git upload-pack: ambiguous deepen-not: %s", line);
                string_list_append(deepen_not, ref);
                free(ref);
@@@ -941,7 -936,7 +941,7 @@@ static void receive_needs(struct packet
         * by another process that handled the initial request.
         */
        if (has_non_tip)
 -              check_non_tip(want_obj);
 +              check_non_tip(want_obj, &writer);
  
        if (!use_sideband && daemon_mode)
                no_progress = 1;