+ int *has_commit = data;
+
+ if (!lookup_commit_reference(sha1))
+ *has_commit = 0;
+
+ return 0;
+}
+
+static int submodule_has_commits(const char *path, struct sha1_array *commits)
+{
+ int has_commit = 1;
+
+ if (add_submodule_odb(path))
+ return 0;
+
+ sha1_array_for_each_unique(commits, check_has_commit, &has_commit);
+ return has_commit;
+}
+
+static int submodule_needs_pushing(const char *path, struct sha1_array *commits)
+{
+ if (!submodule_has_commits(path, commits))