From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Date: Fri, 6 Feb 2009 03:40:36 +0000 (-0800)
Subject: Merge branch 'jc/refuse-push-to-current'
X-Git-Tag: v1.6.2-rc0~14
X-Git-Url: https://git.lorimer.id.au/gitweb.git/diff_plain/5d680a67d7909c89af96eba4a2d77abed606292b?hp=3d95d92b9a75825b2d9c9bd770d85471b18597f8

Merge branch 'jc/refuse-push-to-current'

* jc/refuse-push-to-current:
receive-pack: explain what to do when push updates the current branch
---

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index e8f91ce8cd..1c57d4c958 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -153,6 +153,7 @@ test-match-trees
 test-parse-options
 test-path-utils
 test-sha1
+test-sigchain
 common-cmds.h
 *.tar.gz
 *.dsc
diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt
index efd311b1ce..ff307eb270 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-am.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@ SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
 'git am' [--signoff] [--keep] [--utf8 | --no-utf8]
-	 [--3way] [--interactive]
+	 [--3way] [--interactive] [--committer-date-is-author-date]
+	 [--ignore-date]
 	 [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
 	 [--reject]
 	 [<mbox> | <Maildir>...]
@@ -73,6 +74,20 @@ default.   You could use `--no-utf8` to override this.
 --interactive::
 	Run interactively.
 
+--committer-date-is-author-date::
+	By default the command records the date from the e-mail
+	message as the commit author date, and uses the time of
+	commit creation as the committer date. This allows the
+	user to lie about the committer date by using the same
+	timestamp as the author date.
+
+--ignore-date::
+	By default the command records the date from the e-mail
+	message as the commit author date, and uses the time of
+	commit creation as the committer date. This allows the
+	user to lie about author timestamp by using the same
+	timestamp as the committer date.
+
 --skip::
 	Skip the current patch.  This is only meaningful when
 	restarting an aborted patch.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
index 1b66ab743c..ea0f6a0f3a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ defining the basis.  More than one reference may be packaged, and more
 than one basis can be specified.  The objects packaged are those not
 contained in the union of the given bases.  Each basis can be
 specified explicitly (e.g., ^master~10), or implicitly (e.g.,
-master~10..master, master --since=10.days.ago).
+master~10..master, --since=10.days.ago master).
 
 It is very important that the basis used be held by the destination.
 It is okay to err on the side of conservatism, causing the bundle file
@@ -94,75 +94,111 @@ when unpacking at the destination.
 EXAMPLE
 -------
 
-Assume two repositories exist as R1 on machine A, and R2 on machine B.
+Assume you want to transfer the history from a repository R1 on machine A
+to another repository R2 on machine B.
 For whatever reason, direct connection between A and B is not allowed,
 but we can move data from A to B via some mechanism (CD, email, etc).
 We want to update R2 with developments made on branch master in R1.
 
-To create the bundle you have to specify the basis. You have some options:
+To bootstrap the process, you can first create a bundle that doesn't have
+any basis. You can use a tag to remember up to what commit you sent out
+in order to make it easy to later update the other repository with
+incremental bundle,
 
-- Without basis.
-+
-This is useful when sending the whole history.
+----------------
+machineA$ cd R1
+machineA$ git bundle create file.bdl master
+machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
+----------------
 
-------------
-$ git bundle create mybundle master
-------------
+Then you sneakernet file.bdl to the target machine B. Because you don't
+have to have any object to extract objects from such a bundle, not only
+you can fetch/pull from a bundle, you can clone from it as if it was a
+remote repository.
 
-- Using temporally tags.
-+
-We set a tag in R1 (lastR2bundle) after the previous such transport,
-and move it afterwards to help build the bundle.
+----------------
+machineB$ git clone /home/me/tmp/file.bdl R2
+----------------
 
-------------
-$ git bundle create mybundle master ^lastR2bundle
-$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
-------------
+This will define a remote called "origin" in the resulting repository that
+lets you fetch and pull from the bundle. $GIT_DIR/config file in R2 may
+have an entry like this:
 
-- Using a tag present in both repositories
+------------------------
+[remote "origin"]
+    url = /home/me/tmp/file.bdl
+    fetch = refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
+------------------------
+
+You can fetch/pull to update the resulting mine.git repository after
+replacing the bundle you store at /home/me/tmp/file.bdl with incremental
+updates from here on.
+
+After working more in the original repository, you can create an
+incremental bundle to update the other:
+
+----------------
+machineA$ cd R1
+machineA$ git bundle create file.bdl lastR2bundle..master
+machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
+----------------
+
+and sneakernet it to the other machine to replace /home/me/tmp/file.bdl,
+and pull from it.
+
+----------------
+machineB$ cd R2
+machineB$ git pull
+----------------
 
-------------
-$ git bundle create mybundle master ^v1.0.0
-------------
+If you know up to what commit the intended recipient repository should
+have the necessary objects for, you can use that knowledge to specify the
+basis, giving a cut-off point to limit the revisions and objects that go
+in the resulting bundle. The previous example used lastR2bundle tag
+for this purpose, but you can use other options you would give to
+the linkgit:git-log[1] command. Here are more examples:
 
-- A basis based on time.
+You can use a tag that is present in both.
 
-------------
-$ git bundle create mybundle master --since=10.days.ago
-------------
+----------------
+$ git bundle create mybundle v1.0.0..master
+----------------
 
-- With a limit on the number of commits
+You can use a basis based on time.
 
-------------
-$ git bundle create mybundle master -n 10
-------------
+----------------
+$ git bundle create mybundle --since=10.days master
+----------------
 
-Then you move mybundle from A to B, and in R2 on B:
+Or you can use the number of commits.
 
-------------
+----------------
+$ git bundle create mybundle -10 master
+----------------
+
+You can run `git-bundle verify` to see if you can extract from a bundle
+that was created with a basis.
+
+----------------
 $ git bundle verify mybundle
-$ git fetch mybundle master:localRef
-------------
+----------------
 
-With something like this in the config in R2:
+This will list what commits you must have in order to extract from the
+bundle and will error out if you don't have them.
 
-------------------------
-[remote "bundle"]
-    url = /home/me/tmp/file.bdl
-    fetch = refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*
-------------------------
+A bundle from a recipient repository's point of view is just like a
+regular repository it fetches/pulls from. You can for example map
+refs, like this example, when fetching:
 
-You can first sneakernet the bundle file to ~/tmp/file.bdl and
-then these commands on machine B:
+----------------
+$ git fetch mybundle master:localRef
+----------------
 
-------------
-$ git ls-remote bundle
-$ git fetch bundle
-$ git pull bundle
-------------
+Or see what refs it offers.
 
-would treat it as if it is talking with a remote side over the
-network.
+----------------
+$ git ls-remote mybundle
+----------------
 
 Author
 ------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index 7b27dc60bd..7d1eced7d2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -33,25 +33,27 @@ OPTIONS
 	of a remote (see the section <<REMOTES,REMOTES>> below).
 
 <refspec>...::
-	The canonical format of a <refspec> parameter is
-	`+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `{plus}`, followed
-	by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by
-	the destination ref.
+	The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
+	`{plus}`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
+	by a colon `:`, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
+	It is used to specify with what <src> object the <dst> ref
+	in the remote repository is to be updated.
 +
-The <src> side represents the source branch (or arbitrary
-"SHA1 expression", such as `master~4` (four parents before the
-tip of `master` branch); see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]) that you
-want to push.  The <dst> side represents the destination location.
+The <src> is often the name of the branch you would want to push, but
+it can be any arbitrary "SHA-1 expression", such as `master~4` or
+`HEAD` (see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]).
 +
-The local ref that matches <src> is used
-to fast forward the remote ref that matches <dst>.  If
-the optional leading plus `+` is used, the remote ref is updated
-even if it does not result in a fast forward update.
+The <dst> tells which ref on the remote side is updated with this
+push. Arbitrary expressions cannot be used here, an actual ref must
+be named. If `:`<dst> is omitted, the same ref as <src> will be
+updated.
 +
-`tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`.
+The object referenced by <src> is used to fast forward the ref <dst>
+on the remote side. If the optional leading plus `{plus}` is used, the
+remote ref is updated even if it does not result in a fast forward
+update.
 +
-A lonely <src> parameter (without a colon and a destination) pushes
-the <src> to the same name in the destination repository.
+`tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`.
 +
 Pushing an empty <src> allows you to delete the <dst> ref from
 the remote repository.
@@ -190,9 +192,9 @@ git push origin master::
 	with it.  If `master` did not exist remotely, it would be
 	created.
 
-git push origin :experimental::
-	Find a ref that matches `experimental` in the `origin` repository
-	(e.g. `refs/heads/experimental`), and delete it.
+git push origin HEAD::
+	A handy way to push the current branch to the same name on the
+	remote.
 
 git push origin master:satellite/master dev:satellite/dev::
 	Use the source ref that matches `master` (e.g. `refs/heads/master`)
@@ -200,6 +202,11 @@ git push origin master:satellite/master dev:satellite/dev::
 	`refs/remotes/satellite/master`) in the `origin` repository, then
 	do the same for `dev` and `satellite/dev`.
 
+git push origin HEAD:master::
+	Push the current branch to the remote ref matching `master` in the
+	`origin` repository. This form is convenient to push the current
+	branch without thinking about its local name.
+
 git push origin master:refs/heads/experimental::
 	Create the branch `experimental` in the `origin` repository
 	by copying the current `master` branch.  This form is only
@@ -207,6 +214,11 @@ git push origin master:refs/heads/experimental::
 	the local name and the remote name are different; otherwise,
 	the ref name on its own will work.
 
+git push origin :experimental::
+	Find a ref that matches `experimental` in the `origin` repository
+	(e.g. `refs/heads/experimental`), and delete it.
+
+
 Author
 ------
 Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>, later rewritten in C
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
index 8f7c0e226d..498bd28929 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ her family name fully spelled out, a proper `.mailmap` file would look like:
 # Note how we don't need an entry for <jane@laptop.(none)>, because the
 # real name of that author is correct already, and coalesced directly.
 Jane Doe <jane@desktop.(none)>
-Joe R. Developer <joe@random.com>
+Joe R. Developer <joe@example.com>
 ------------
 
 Author
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
index 8277577a6f..7e9ff3762b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-branch.txt
@@ -99,12 +99,12 @@ OPTIONS
 	will show the revisions given by "git rev-list {caret}master
 	topic1 topic2"
 
+-g::
 --reflog[=<n>[,<base>]] [<ref>]::
 	Shows <n> most recent ref-log entries for the given
 	ref.  If <base> is given, <n> entries going back from
 	that entry.  <base> can be specified as count or date.
-	`-g` can be used as a short-hand for this option.  When
-	no explicit <ref> parameter is given, it defaults to the
+	When no explicit <ref> parameter is given, it defaults to the
 	current branch (or `HEAD` if it is detached).
 
 Note that --more, --list, --independent and --merge-base options
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
index e44f543025..533d18bbd5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ SYNOPSIS
 'git tag' [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>]
 	<name> [<commit> | <object>]
 'git tag' -d <name>...
-'git tag' [-n[<num>]] -l [<pattern>]
+'git tag' [-n[<num>]] -l [--contains <commit>] [<pattern>]
 'git tag' -v <name>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -68,6 +68,9 @@ OPTIONS
 	List tags with names that match the given pattern (or all if no pattern is given).
 	Typing "git tag" without arguments, also lists all tags.
 
+--contains <commit>::
+	Only list tags which contain the specified commit.
+
 -m <msg>::
 	Use the given tag message (instead of prompting).
 	If multiple `-m` options are given, their values are
diff --git a/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt b/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
index ebdd948cd2..f9811f2473 100644
--- a/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
@@ -5,15 +5,14 @@
 	of a remote (see the section <<REMOTES,REMOTES>> below).
 
 <refspec>::
-	The canonical format of a <refspec> parameter is
-	`+?<src>:<dst>`; that is, an optional plus `{plus}`, followed
-	by the source ref, followed by a colon `:`, followed by
-	the destination ref.
+	The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
+	`{plus}`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
+	by a colon `:`, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
 +
 The remote ref that matches <src>
 is fetched, and if <dst> is not empty string, the local
 ref that matches it is fast forwarded using <src>.
-Again, if the optional plus `+` is used, the local ref
+If the optional plus `+` is used, the local ref
 is updated even if it does not result in a fast forward
 update.
 +
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
index 9a4e3ea92c..ac56d1c477 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ allocated memory or not), use `strbuf_detach()` to unwrap a memory
 buffer from its strbuf shell in a safe way. That is the sole supported
 way. This will give you a malloced buffer that you can later `free()`.
 +
-However, it it totally safe to modify anything in the string pointed by
+However, it is totally safe to modify anything in the string pointed by
 the `buf` member, between the indices `0` and `len-1` (inclusive).
 
 . The `buf` member is a byte array that has at least `len + 1` bytes
diff --git a/Documentation/urls.txt b/Documentation/urls.txt
index fa34c67471..5355ebc0f3 100644
--- a/Documentation/urls.txt
+++ b/Documentation/urls.txt
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ to name the remote repository:
 
 ===============================================================
 - rsync://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- http://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- https://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- git://host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
-- git://host.xz/~user/path/to/repo.git/
+- http://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
+- https://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
+- git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
+- git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/~user/path/to/repo.git/
 - ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
 - ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz/path/to/repo.git/
 - ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz/~user/path/to/repo.git/
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
index 19f571ae3b..96af8977f6 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
@@ -1507,7 +1507,7 @@ so on a different branch and then coming back), unstash the
 work-in-progress changes.
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git stash "work in progress for foo feature"
+$ git stash save "work in progress for foo feature"
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 This command will save your changes away to the `stash`, and
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index a7310f2401..627d4d09ba 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -182,28 +182,32 @@ STRIP ?= strip
 # Among the variables below, these:
 #   gitexecdir
 #   template_dir
+#   mandir
+#   infodir
 #   htmldir
 #   ETC_GITCONFIG (but not sysconfdir)
-# can be specified as a relative path ../some/where/else (which must begin
-# with ../); this is interpreted as relative to $(bindir) and "git" at
+# can be specified as a relative path some/where/else;
+# this is interpreted as relative to $(prefix) and "git" at
 # runtime figures out where they are based on the path to the executable.
 # This can help installing the suite in a relocatable way.
 
 prefix = $(HOME)
-bindir = $(prefix)/bin
-mandir = $(prefix)/share/man
-infodir = $(prefix)/share/info
-gitexecdir = $(prefix)/libexec/git-core
+bindir_relative = bin
+bindir = $(prefix)/$(bindir_relative)
+mandir = share/man
+infodir = share/info
+gitexecdir = libexec/git-core
 sharedir = $(prefix)/share
-template_dir = $(sharedir)/git-core/templates
-htmldir=$(sharedir)/doc/git-doc
+template_dir = share/git-core/templates
+htmldir = share/doc/git-doc
 ifeq ($(prefix),/usr)
 sysconfdir = /etc
+ETC_GITCONFIG = $(sysconfdir)/gitconfig
 else
 sysconfdir = $(prefix)/etc
+ETC_GITCONFIG = etc/gitconfig
 endif
 lib = lib
-ETC_GITCONFIG = $(sysconfdir)/gitconfig
 # DESTDIR=
 
 # default configuration for gitweb
@@ -391,6 +395,7 @@ LIB_H += revision.h
 LIB_H += run-command.h
 LIB_H += sha1-lookup.h
 LIB_H += sideband.h
+LIB_H += sigchain.h
 LIB_H += strbuf.h
 LIB_H += tag.h
 LIB_H += transport.h
@@ -484,6 +489,7 @@ LIB_OBJS += sha1-lookup.o
 LIB_OBJS += sha1_name.o
 LIB_OBJS += shallow.o
 LIB_OBJS += sideband.o
+LIB_OBJS += sigchain.o
 LIB_OBJS += strbuf.o
 LIB_OBJS += symlinks.o
 LIB_OBJS += tag.o
@@ -643,10 +649,12 @@ endif
 ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
 	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
 	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	ifneq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '9\.'),2)
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15678]\.'),2)
 		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
 	endif
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15]\.'),2)
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	endif
 	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
 	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH = YesPlease
 endif
@@ -788,6 +796,7 @@ ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
 	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
 	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
 	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
+	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
 	NO_POSIX_ONLY_PROGRAMS = YesPlease
 	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/regex -Icompat/fnmatch
@@ -796,9 +805,6 @@ ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o compat/regex/regex.o compat/winansi.o
 	EXTLIBS += -lws2_32
 	X = .exe
-	gitexecdir = ../libexec/git-core
-	template_dir = ../share/git-core/templates/
-	ETC_GITCONFIG = ../etc/gitconfig
 endif
 ifneq (,$(findstring arm,$(uname_M)))
 	ARM_SHA1 = YesPlease
@@ -1036,6 +1042,9 @@ ifdef INTERNAL_QSORT
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DINTERNAL_QSORT
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/qsort.o
 endif
+ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DRUNTIME_PREFIX
+endif
 
 ifdef NO_PTHREADS
 	THREADED_DELTA_SEARCH =
@@ -1095,6 +1104,7 @@ ETC_GITCONFIG_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(ETC_GITCONFIG))
 
 DESTDIR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DESTDIR))
 bindir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir))
+bindir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir_relative))
 mandir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(mandir))
 infodir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(infodir))
 gitexecdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexecdir))
@@ -1260,7 +1270,12 @@ git.o git.spec \
 	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) $<
 
 exec_cmd.o: exec_cmd.c GIT-CFLAGS
-	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) '-DGIT_EXEC_PATH="$(gitexecdir_SQ)"' $<
+	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) \
+		'-DGIT_EXEC_PATH="$(gitexecdir_SQ)"' \
+		'-DBINDIR="$(bindir_relative_SQ)"' \
+		'-DPREFIX="$(prefix_SQ)"' \
+		$<
+
 builtin-init-db.o: builtin-init-db.c GIT-CFLAGS
 	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $*.o -c $(ALL_CFLAGS) -DDEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR='"$(template_dir_SQ)"' $<
 
@@ -1369,11 +1384,13 @@ TEST_PROGRAMS += test-chmtime$X
 TEST_PROGRAMS += test-ctype$X
 TEST_PROGRAMS += test-date$X
 TEST_PROGRAMS += test-delta$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-dump-cache-tree$X
 TEST_PROGRAMS += test-genrandom$X
 TEST_PROGRAMS += test-match-trees$X
 TEST_PROGRAMS += test-parse-options$X
 TEST_PROGRAMS += test-path-utils$X
 TEST_PROGRAMS += test-sha1$X
+TEST_PROGRAMS += test-sigchain$X
 
 all:: $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
 
@@ -1419,17 +1436,17 @@ remove-dashes:
 
 ### Installation rules
 
-ifeq ($(firstword $(subst /, ,$(template_dir))),..)
-template_instdir = $(bindir)/$(template_dir)
-else
+ifneq ($(filter /%,$(firstword $(template_dir))),)
 template_instdir = $(template_dir)
+else
+template_instdir = $(prefix)/$(template_dir)
 endif
 export template_instdir
 
-ifeq ($(firstword $(subst /, ,$(gitexecdir))),..)
-gitexec_instdir = $(bindir)/$(gitexecdir)
-else
+ifneq ($(filter /%,$(firstword $(gitexecdir))),)
 gitexec_instdir = $(gitexecdir)
+else
+gitexec_instdir = $(prefix)/$(gitexecdir)
 endif
 gitexec_instdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexec_instdir))
 export gitexec_instdir
diff --git a/builtin-apply.c b/builtin-apply.c
index b415daf07e..f312798af3 100644
--- a/builtin-apply.c
+++ b/builtin-apply.c
@@ -2441,7 +2441,7 @@ static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct s
 		return error("%s: %s", old_name, strerror(errno));
 	}
 
-	if (!cached)
+	if (!cached && !tpatch)
 		st_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(*ce, st->st_mode);
 
 	if (patch->is_new < 0)
@@ -2453,7 +2453,7 @@ static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct s
 	if (st_mode != patch->old_mode)
 		fprintf(stderr, "warning: %s has type %o, expected %o\n",
 			old_name, st_mode, patch->old_mode);
-	if (!patch->new_mode)
+	if (!patch->new_mode && !patch->is_delete)
 		patch->new_mode = st_mode;
 	return 0;
 
diff --git a/builtin-blame.c b/builtin-blame.c
index aae14ef8bb..9b9f5442a2 100644
--- a/builtin-blame.c
+++ b/builtin-blame.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "mailmap.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
 
 static char blame_usage[] = "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file";
 
@@ -1618,13 +1619,14 @@ static void emit_other(struct scoreboard *sb, struct blame_entry *ent, int opt)
 				printf(" %*d", max_orig_digits,
 				       ent->s_lno + 1 + cnt);
 
-			if (!(opt & OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR))
-				printf(" (%-*.*s %10s",
-				       longest_author, longest_author,
-				       ci.author,
+			if (!(opt & OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR)) {
+				int pad = longest_author - utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
+				printf(" (%s%*s %10s",
+				       ci.author, pad, "",
 				       format_time(ci.author_time,
 						   ci.author_tz,
 						   show_raw_time));
+			}
 			printf(" %*d) ",
 			       max_digits, ent->lno + 1 + cnt);
 		}
@@ -1755,7 +1757,7 @@ static void find_alignment(struct scoreboard *sb, int *option)
 		if (!(suspect->commit->object.flags & METAINFO_SHOWN)) {
 			suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
 			get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-			num = strlen(ci.author);
+			num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
 			if (longest_author < num)
 				longest_author = num;
 		}
diff --git a/builtin-branch.c b/builtin-branch.c
index 02fa38fd3b..56a1971d69 100644
--- a/builtin-branch.c
+++ b/builtin-branch.c
@@ -193,21 +193,6 @@ struct ref_list {
 	int kinds;
 };
 
-static int has_commit(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *with_commit)
-{
-	if (!with_commit)
-		return 1;
-	while (with_commit) {
-		struct commit *other;
-
-		other = with_commit->item;
-		with_commit = with_commit->next;
-		if (in_merge_bases(other, &commit, 1))
-			return 1;
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct ref_list *ref_list = (struct ref_list*)(cb_data);
@@ -231,7 +216,7 @@ static int append_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags,
 		return error("branch '%s' does not point at a commit", refname);
 
 	/* Filter with with_commit if specified */
-	if (!has_commit(commit, ref_list->with_commit))
+	if (!is_descendant_of(commit, ref_list->with_commit))
 		return 0;
 
 	/* Don't add types the caller doesn't want */
@@ -401,7 +386,8 @@ static void print_ref_list(int kinds, int detached, int verbose, int abbrev, str
 	qsort(ref_list.list, ref_list.index, sizeof(struct ref_item), ref_cmp);
 
 	detached = (detached && (kinds & REF_LOCAL_BRANCH));
-	if (detached && head_commit && has_commit(head_commit, with_commit)) {
+	if (detached && head_commit &&
+	    is_descendant_of(head_commit, with_commit)) {
 		struct ref_item item;
 		item.name = xstrdup("(no branch)");
 		item.kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
@@ -466,22 +452,6 @@ static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
 	strbuf_release(&newsection);
 }
 
-static int opt_parse_with_commit(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	struct commit *commit;
-
-	if (!arg)
-		return -1;
-	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
-		die("malformed object name %s", arg);
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-	if (!commit)
-		die("no such commit %s", arg);
-	commit_list_insert(commit, opt->value);
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int opt_parse_merge_filter(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	merge_filter = ((opt->long_name[0] == 'n')
@@ -517,13 +487,13 @@ int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, "commit",
 			"print only branches that contain the commit",
 			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
-			opt_parse_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
+			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
 		},
 		{
 			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "with", &with_commit, "commit",
 			"print only branches that contain the commit",
 			PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
-			opt_parse_with_commit, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
+			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
 		},
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
 
diff --git a/builtin-clone.c b/builtin-clone.c
index 1e9c9aa844..f73029e2ba 100644
--- a/builtin-clone.c
+++ b/builtin-clone.c
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "pack-refs.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 /*
  * Overall FIXMEs:
@@ -288,7 +289,7 @@ static void remove_junk(void)
 static void remove_junk_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	remove_junk();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
@@ -441,7 +442,7 @@ int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	}
 	junk_git_dir = git_dir;
 	atexit(remove_junk);
-	signal(SIGINT, remove_junk_on_signal);
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_junk_on_signal);
 
 	setenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT, xstrdup(mkpath("%s/config", git_dir)), 1);
 
diff --git a/builtin-fetch--tool.c b/builtin-fetch--tool.c
index 469b07e240..29356d25db 100644
--- a/builtin-fetch--tool.c
+++ b/builtin-fetch--tool.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "commit.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 static char *get_stdin(void)
 {
@@ -186,7 +187,7 @@ static void remove_keep(void)
 static void remove_keep_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	remove_keep();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
@@ -245,7 +246,7 @@ static int fetch_native_store(FILE *fp,
 	char buffer[1024];
 	int err = 0;
 
-	signal(SIGINT, remove_keep_on_signal);
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_keep_on_signal);
 	atexit(remove_keep);
 
 	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), stdin)) {
diff --git a/builtin-fetch.c b/builtin-fetch.c
index de6f3074b1..1e4a3d9c51 100644
--- a/builtin-fetch.c
+++ b/builtin-fetch.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_fetch_usage[] = {
 	"git fetch [options] [<repository> <refspec>...]",
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ static void unlock_pack(void)
 static void unlock_pack_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	unlock_pack();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
@@ -672,7 +673,7 @@ int cmd_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		ref_nr = j;
 	}
 
-	signal(SIGINT, unlock_pack_on_signal);
+	sigchain_push_common(unlock_pack_on_signal);
 	atexit(unlock_pack);
 	exit_code = do_fetch(transport,
 			parse_fetch_refspec(ref_nr, refs), ref_nr);
diff --git a/builtin-fsck.c b/builtin-fsck.c
index aecc8280a0..64dffa5421 100644
--- a/builtin-fsck.c
+++ b/builtin-fsck.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ static int check_full;
 static int check_strict;
 static int keep_cache_objects;
 static unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+static const char *head_points_at;
 static int errors_found;
 static int write_lost_and_found;
 static int verbose;
@@ -473,6 +474,8 @@ static int fsck_handle_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int f
 
 static void get_default_heads(void)
 {
+	if (head_points_at && !is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
+		fsck_handle_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL);
 	for_each_ref(fsck_handle_ref, NULL);
 	if (include_reflogs)
 		for_each_reflog(fsck_handle_reflog, NULL);
@@ -512,14 +515,13 @@ static void fsck_object_dir(const char *path)
 
 static int fsck_head_link(void)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	int flag;
 	int null_is_error = 0;
-	const char *head_points_at = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, &flag);
 
 	if (verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Checking HEAD link\n");
 
+	head_points_at = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, &flag);
 	if (!head_points_at)
 		return error("Invalid HEAD");
 	if (!strcmp(head_points_at, "HEAD"))
@@ -528,7 +530,7 @@ static int fsck_head_link(void)
 	else if (prefixcmp(head_points_at, "refs/heads/"))
 		return error("HEAD points to something strange (%s)",
 			     head_points_at);
-	if (is_null_sha1(sha1)) {
+	if (is_null_sha1(head_sha1)) {
 		if (null_is_error)
 			return error("HEAD: detached HEAD points at nothing");
 		fprintf(stderr, "notice: HEAD points to an unborn branch (%s)\n",
@@ -584,6 +586,7 @@ static struct option fsck_opts[] = {
 int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, heads;
+	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
 
 	errors_found = 0;
 
@@ -595,17 +598,19 @@ int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 
 	fsck_head_link();
 	fsck_object_dir(get_object_directory());
+
+	prepare_alt_odb();
+	for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
+		char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
+		int namelen = alt->name - alt->base;
+		memcpy(namebuf, alt->base, namelen);
+		namebuf[namelen - 1] = 0;
+		fsck_object_dir(namebuf);
+	}
+
 	if (check_full) {
-		struct alternate_object_database *alt;
 		struct packed_git *p;
-		prepare_alt_odb();
-		for (alt = alt_odb_list; alt; alt = alt->next) {
-			char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
-			int namelen = alt->name - alt->base;
-			memcpy(namebuf, alt->base, namelen);
-			namebuf[namelen - 1] = 0;
-			fsck_object_dir(namebuf);
-		}
+
 		prepare_packed_git();
 		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
 			/* verify gives error messages itself */
@@ -624,8 +629,9 @@ int cmd_fsck(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	heads = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (!get_sha1(arg, head_sha1)) {
-			struct object *obj = lookup_object(head_sha1);
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		if (!get_sha1(arg, sha1)) {
+			struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
 
 			/* Error is printed by lookup_object(). */
 			if (!obj)
diff --git a/builtin-grep.c b/builtin-grep.c
index bebf15cd6f..3f12ba3826 100644
--- a/builtin-grep.c
+++ b/builtin-grep.c
@@ -291,6 +291,8 @@ static int external_grep(struct grep_opt *opt, const char **paths, int cached)
 		push_arg("-E");
 	if (opt->regflags & REG_ICASE)
 		push_arg("-i");
+	if (opt->binary == GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH)
+		push_arg("-I");
 	if (opt->word_regexp)
 		push_arg("-w");
 	if (opt->name_only)
diff --git a/builtin-help.c b/builtin-help.c
index f076efa921..9b57a74618 100644
--- a/builtin-help.c
+++ b/builtin-help.c
@@ -329,7 +329,7 @@ static void setup_man_path(void)
 	 * old_path, the ':' at the end will let 'man' to try
 	 * system-wide paths after ours to find the manual page. If
 	 * there is old_path, we need ':' as delimiter. */
-	strbuf_addstr(&new_path, GIT_MAN_PATH);
+	strbuf_addstr(&new_path, system_path(GIT_MAN_PATH));
 	strbuf_addch(&new_path, ':');
 	if (old_path)
 		strbuf_addstr(&new_path, old_path);
@@ -375,7 +375,7 @@ static void show_man_page(const char *git_cmd)
 static void show_info_page(const char *git_cmd)
 {
 	const char *page = cmd_to_page(git_cmd);
-	setenv("INFOPATH", GIT_INFO_PATH, 1);
+	setenv("INFOPATH", system_path(GIT_INFO_PATH), 1);
 	execlp("info", "info", "gitman", page, NULL);
 }
 
diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
index f7c8c08b32..2789ccdf7d 100644
--- a/builtin-mailinfo.c
+++ b/builtin-mailinfo.c
@@ -29,6 +29,9 @@ static struct strbuf **p_hdr_data, **s_hdr_data;
 #define MAX_HDR_PARSED 10
 #define MAX_BOUNDARIES 5
 
+static void cleanup_space(struct strbuf *sb);
+
+
 static void get_sane_name(struct strbuf *out, struct strbuf *name, struct strbuf *email)
 {
 	struct strbuf *src = name;
@@ -109,11 +112,19 @@ static void handle_from(const struct strbuf *from)
 	strbuf_add(&email, at, el);
 	strbuf_remove(&f, at - f.buf, el + (at[el] ? 1 : 0));
 
-	/* The remainder is name.  It could be "John Doe <john.doe@xz>"
-	 * or "john.doe@xz (John Doe)", but we have removed the
-	 * email part, so trim from both ends, possibly removing
-	 * the () pair at the end.
+	/* The remainder is name.  It could be
+	 *
+	 * - "John Doe <john.doe@xz>"			(a), or
+	 * - "john.doe@xz (John Doe)"			(b), or
+	 * - "John (zzz) Doe <john.doe@xz> (Comment)"	(c)
+	 *
+	 * but we have removed the email part, so
+	 *
+	 * - remove extra spaces which could stay after email (case 'c'), and
+	 * - trim from both ends, possibly removing the () pair at the end
+	 *   (cases 'a' and 'b').
 	 */
+	cleanup_space(&f);
 	strbuf_trim(&f);
 	if (f.buf[0] == '(' && f.len && f.buf[f.len - 1] == ')') {
 		strbuf_remove(&f, 0, 1);
@@ -430,13 +441,6 @@ static struct strbuf *decode_b_segment(const struct strbuf *b_seg)
 			c -= 'a' - 26;
 		else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
 			c -= '0' - 52;
-		else if (c == '=') {
-			/* padding is almost like (c == 0), except we do
-			 * not output NUL resulting only from it;
-			 * for now we just trust the data.
-			 */
-			c = 0;
-		}
 		else
 			continue; /* garbage */
 		switch (pos++) {
@@ -514,7 +518,25 @@ static int decode_header_bq(struct strbuf *it)
 		rfc2047 = 1;
 
 		if (in != ep) {
-			strbuf_add(&outbuf, in, ep - in);
+			/*
+			 * We are about to process an encoded-word
+			 * that begins at ep, but there is something
+			 * before the encoded word.
+			 */
+			char *scan;
+			for (scan = in; scan < ep; scan++)
+				if (!isspace(*scan))
+					break;
+
+			if (scan != ep || in == it->buf) {
+				/*
+				 * We should not lose that "something",
+				 * unless we have just processed an
+				 * encoded-word, and there is only LWS
+				 * before the one we are about to process.
+				 */
+				strbuf_add(&outbuf, in, ep - in);
+			}
 			in = ep;
 		}
 		/* E.g.
@@ -860,6 +882,7 @@ static void handle_info(void)
 			}
 			output_header_lines(fout, "Subject", hdr);
 		} else if (!memcmp(header[i], "From", 4)) {
+			cleanup_space(hdr);
 			handle_from(hdr);
 			fprintf(fout, "Author: %s\n", name.buf);
 			fprintf(fout, "Email: %s\n", email.buf);
diff --git a/builtin-merge.c b/builtin-merge.c
index e4555b0199..885fad9bba 100644
--- a/builtin-merge.c
+++ b/builtin-merge.c
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ struct strategy {
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_merge_usage[] = {
-	"git-merge [options] <remote>...",
-	"git-merge [options] <msg> HEAD <remote>",
+	"git merge [options] <remote>...",
+	"git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <remote>",
 	NULL
 };
 
diff --git a/builtin-mv.c b/builtin-mv.c
index bce9959293..01270fefdf 100644
--- a/builtin-mv.c
+++ b/builtin-mv.c
@@ -162,7 +162,9 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				}
 				argc += last - first;
 			}
-		} else if (lstat(dst, &st) == 0) {
+		} else if (cache_name_pos(src, length) < 0)
+			bad = "not under version control";
+		else if (lstat(dst, &st) == 0) {
 			bad = "destination exists";
 			if (force) {
 				/*
@@ -177,9 +179,7 @@ int cmd_mv(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 				} else
 					bad = "Cannot overwrite";
 			}
-		} else if (cache_name_pos(src, length) < 0)
-			bad = "not under version control";
-		else if (string_list_has_string(&src_for_dst, dst))
+		} else if (string_list_has_string(&src_for_dst, dst))
 			bad = "multiple sources for the same target";
 		else
 			string_list_insert(dst, &src_for_dst);
diff --git a/builtin-receive-pack.c b/builtin-receive-pack.c
index 6f61c45fdd..6de186c397 100644
--- a/builtin-receive-pack.c
+++ b/builtin-receive-pack.c
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "transport.h"
 
-static const char receive_pack_usage[] = "git-receive-pack <git-dir>";
+static const char receive_pack_usage[] = "git receive-pack <git-dir>";
 
 enum deny_action {
 	DENY_UNCONFIGURED,
diff --git a/builtin-symbolic-ref.c b/builtin-symbolic-ref.c
index bfc78bb3f6..cafc4eba7c 100644
--- a/builtin-symbolic-ref.c
+++ b/builtin-symbolic-ref.c
@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ int cmd_symbolic_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		check_symref(argv[0], quiet);
 		break;
 	case 2:
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD") &&
+		    prefixcmp(argv[1], "refs/heads/"))
+			die("Refusing to point HEAD outside of refs/heads/");
 		create_symref(argv[0], argv[1], msg);
 		break;
 	default:
diff --git a/builtin-tag.c b/builtin-tag.c
index a398499891..01e73747d0 100644
--- a/builtin-tag.c
+++ b/builtin-tag.c
@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ static char signingkey[1000];
 struct tag_filter {
 	const char *pattern;
 	int lines;
+	struct commit_list *with_commit;
 };
 
 #define PGP_SIGNATURE "-----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE-----"
@@ -42,6 +43,16 @@ static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 		char *buf, *sp, *eol;
 		size_t len;
 
+		if (filter->with_commit) {
+			struct commit *commit;
+
+			commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1, 1);
+			if (!commit)
+				return 0;
+			if (!is_descendant_of(commit, filter->with_commit))
+				return 0;
+		}
+
 		if (!filter->lines) {
 			printf("%s\n", refname);
 			return 0;
@@ -79,7 +90,8 @@ static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int list_tags(const char *pattern, int lines)
+static int list_tags(const char *pattern, int lines,
+			struct commit_list *with_commit)
 {
 	struct tag_filter filter;
 
@@ -88,6 +100,7 @@ static int list_tags(const char *pattern, int lines)
 
 	filter.pattern = pattern;
 	filter.lines = lines;
+	filter.with_commit = with_commit;
 
 	for_each_tag_ref(show_reference, (void *) &filter);
 
@@ -360,6 +373,7 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		list = 0, delete = 0, verify = 0;
 	const char *msgfile = NULL, *keyid = NULL;
 	struct msg_arg msg = { 0, STRBUF_INIT };
+	struct commit_list *with_commit = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &list, "list tag names"),
 		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 'n', NULL, &lines, NULL,
@@ -378,6 +392,14 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 		OPT_STRING('u', NULL, &keyid, "key-id",
 					"use another key to sign the tag"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force, "replace the tag if exists"),
+
+		OPT_GROUP("Tag listing options"),
+		{
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, "commit",
+			"print only tags that contain the commit",
+			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
+			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
+		},
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -402,9 +424,12 @@ int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 	if (list + delete + verify > 1)
 		usage_with_options(git_tag_usage, options);
 	if (list)
-		return list_tags(argv[0], lines == -1 ? 0 : lines);
+		return list_tags(argv[0], lines == -1 ? 0 : lines,
+				 with_commit);
 	if (lines != -1)
 		die("-n option is only allowed with -l.");
+	if (with_commit)
+		die("--contains option is only allowed with -l.");
 	if (delete)
 		return for_each_tag_name(argv, delete_tag);
 	if (verify)
diff --git a/builtin-verify-pack.c b/builtin-verify-pack.c
index 25a29f11a4..0ee0a9af60 100644
--- a/builtin-verify-pack.c
+++ b/builtin-verify-pack.c
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ static int verify_one_pack(const char *path, int verbose)
 	return err;
 }
 
-static const char verify_pack_usage[] = "git-verify-pack [-v] <pack>...";
+static const char verify_pack_usage[] = "git verify-pack [-v] <pack>...";
 
 int cmd_verify_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
diff --git a/commit.c b/commit.c
index c99db162a4..aa3b35b6a8 100644
--- a/commit.c
+++ b/commit.c
@@ -705,6 +705,21 @@ struct commit_list *get_merge_bases(struct commit *one, struct commit *two,
 	return get_merge_bases_many(one, 1, &two, cleanup);
 }
 
+int is_descendant_of(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *with_commit)
+{
+	if (!with_commit)
+		return 1;
+	while (with_commit) {
+		struct commit *other;
+
+		other = with_commit->item;
+		with_commit = with_commit->next;
+		if (in_merge_bases(other, &commit, 1))
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int in_merge_bases(struct commit *commit, struct commit **reference, int num)
 {
 	struct commit_list *bases, *b;
diff --git a/commit.h b/commit.h
index 3a7b06a828..ba9f63813e 100644
--- a/commit.h
+++ b/commit.h
@@ -133,6 +133,7 @@ extern int is_repository_shallow(void);
 extern struct commit_list *get_shallow_commits(struct object_array *heads,
 		int depth, int shallow_flag, int not_shallow_flag);
 
+int is_descendant_of(struct commit *, struct commit_list *);
 int in_merge_bases(struct commit *, struct commit **, int);
 
 extern int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
diff --git a/compat/mingw.h b/compat/mingw.h
index 4f275cb8e6..a255898801 100644
--- a/compat/mingw.h
+++ b/compat/mingw.h
@@ -21,12 +21,12 @@ typedef int pid_t;
 #define WEXITSTATUS(x) ((x) & 0xff)
 #define WIFSIGNALED(x) ((unsigned)(x) > 259)
 
-#define SIGKILL 0
-#define SIGCHLD 0
-#define SIGPIPE 0
-#define SIGHUP 0
-#define SIGQUIT 0
-#define SIGALRM 100
+#define SIGHUP 1
+#define SIGQUIT 3
+#define SIGKILL 9
+#define SIGPIPE 13
+#define SIGALRM 14
+#define SIGCHLD 17
 
 #define F_GETFD 1
 #define F_SETFD 2
diff --git a/config.mak.in b/config.mak.in
index 55b25c3d26..7cce0c12d5 100644
--- a/config.mak.in
+++ b/config.mak.in
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ TCLTK_PATH = @TCLTK_PATH@
 prefix = @prefix@
 exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
 bindir = @bindir@
-gitexecdir = @libexecdir@/git-core/
+gitexecdir = @libexecdir@/git-core
 datarootdir = @datarootdir@
-template_dir = @datadir@/git-core/templates/
+template_dir = @datadir@/git-core/templates
 
 mandir=@mandir@
 
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
index 81f70ec644..307bf5d4f9 100755
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
@@ -34,6 +34,12 @@
 #       are currently in a git repository.  The %s token will be
 #       the name of the current branch.
 #
+#	In addition, if you set GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE to a nonempty
+#	value, unstaged (*) and staged (+) changes will be shown next
+#	to the branch name.  You can configure this per-repository
+#	with the bash.showDirtyState variable, which defaults to true
+#	once GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE is enabled.
+#
 # To submit patches:
 #
 #    *) Read Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -116,10 +122,26 @@ __git_ps1 ()
 			fi
 		fi
 
+		local w
+		local i
+
+		if test -n "$GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE"; then
+			if test "$(git config --bool bash.showDirtyState)" != "false"; then
+				git diff --no-ext-diff --ignore-submodules \
+					--quiet --exit-code || w="*"
+				if git rev-parse --quiet --verify HEAD >/dev/null; then
+					git diff-index --cached --quiet \
+						--ignore-submodules HEAD -- || i="+"
+				else
+					i="#"
+				fi
+			fi
+		fi
+
 		if [ -n "${1-}" ]; then
-			printf "$1" "${b##refs/heads/}$r"
+			printf "$1" "${b##refs/heads/}$w$i$r"
 		else
-			printf " (%s)" "${b##refs/heads/}$r"
+			printf " (%s)" "${b##refs/heads/}$w$i$r"
 		fi
 	fi
 }
diff --git a/contrib/difftool/git-difftool-helper b/contrib/difftool/git-difftool-helper
index 0c48506eeb..db3af6a833 100755
--- a/contrib/difftool/git-difftool-helper
+++ b/contrib/difftool/git-difftool-helper
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 # git-difftool-helper is a GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF-compatible diff tool launcher.
-# It supports kdiff3, tkdiff, xxdiff, meld, opendiff, emerge, ecmerge,
-# vimdiff, gvimdiff, and custom user-configurable tools.
+# It supports kdiff3, kompare, tkdiff, xxdiff, meld, opendiff,
+# emerge, ecmerge, vimdiff, gvimdiff, and custom user-configurable tools.
 # This script is typically launched by using the 'git difftool'
 # convenience command.
 #
@@ -73,6 +73,10 @@ launch_merge_tool () {
 			> /dev/null 2>&1
 		;;
 
+	kompare)
+		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+		;;
+
 	tkdiff)
 		"$merge_tool_path" -o "$MERGED" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
 		;;
@@ -134,7 +138,7 @@ valid_custom_tool() {
 # Built-in merge tools are always valid.
 valid_tool() {
 	case "$1" in
-	kdiff3 | tkdiff | xxdiff | meld | opendiff | emerge | vimdiff | gvimdiff | ecmerge)
+	kdiff3 | kompare | tkdiff | xxdiff | meld | opendiff | emerge | vimdiff | gvimdiff | ecmerge)
 		;; # happy
 	*)
 		if ! valid_custom_tool "$1"
@@ -177,31 +181,24 @@ fi
 
 # Try to guess an appropriate merge tool if no tool has been set.
 if test -z "$merge_tool"; then
-
 	# We have a $DISPLAY so try some common UNIX merge tools
 	if test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
-		merge_tool_candidates="kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff meld gvimdiff"
-		# If gnome then prefer meld
-		if test -n "$GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID"; then
-			merge_tool_candidates="meld $merge_tool_candidates"
-		fi
-		# If KDE then prefer kdiff3
-		if test "$KDE_FULL_SESSION" = "true"; then
-			merge_tool_candidates="kdiff3 $merge_tool_candidates"
+		# If gnome then prefer meld, otherwise, prefer kdiff3 or kompare
+		if test -n "$GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" ; then
+			merge_tool_candidates="meld kdiff3 kompare tkdiff xxdiff gvimdiff"
+		else
+			merge_tool_candidates="kdiff3 kompare tkdiff xxdiff meld gvimdiff"
 		fi
 	fi
-
-	# $EDITOR is emacs so add emerge as a candidate
 	if echo "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" | grep 'emacs' > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-		merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates emerge"
+		# $EDITOR is emacs so add emerge as a candidate
+		merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates emerge opendiff vimdiff"
+	elif echo "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" | grep 'vim' > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+		# $EDITOR is vim so add vimdiff as a candidate
+		merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates vimdiff opendiff emerge"
+	else
+		merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates opendiff emerge vimdiff"
 	fi
-
-	# $EDITOR is vim so add vimdiff as a candidate
-	if echo "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" | grep 'vim' > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-		merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates vimdiff"
-	fi
-
-	merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates opendiff emerge vimdiff"
 	echo "merge tool candidates: $merge_tool_candidates"
 
 	# Loop over each candidate and stop when a valid merge tool is found.
diff --git a/contrib/difftool/git-difftool.txt b/contrib/difftool/git-difftool.txt
index ca3dbd2465..6e2610cda6 100644
--- a/contrib/difftool/git-difftool.txt
+++ b/contrib/difftool/git-difftool.txt
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@ OPTIONS
 --tool=<tool>::
 	Use the merge resolution program specified by <tool>.
 	Valid merge tools are:
-	kdiff3, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge, vimdiff, gvimdiff, ecmerge, and opendiff
+	kdiff3, kompare, tkdiff, meld, xxdiff, emerge,
+	vimdiff, gvimdiff, ecmerge, and opendiff
 +
 If a merge resolution program is not specified, 'git-difftool'
 will use the configuration variable `merge.tool`.  If the
diff --git a/contrib/git-resurrect.sh b/contrib/git-resurrect.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..c364dda696
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/git-resurrect.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+USAGE="[-a] [-r] [-m] [-t] [-n] [-b <newname>] <name>"
+LONG_USAGE="git-resurrect attempts to find traces of a branch tip
+called <name>, and tries to resurrect it.  Currently, the reflog is
+searched for checkout messages, and with -r also merge messages.  With
+-m and -t, the history of all refs is scanned for Merge <name> into
+other/Merge <other> into <name> (respectively) commit subjects, which
+is rather slow but allows you to resurrect other people's topic
+branches."
+
+OPTIONS_SPEC="\
+git resurrect $USAGE
+--
+b,branch=            save branch as <newname> instead of <name>
+a,all                same as -l -r -m -t
+k,keep-going         full rev-list scan (instead of first match)
+l,reflog             scan reflog for checkouts (enabled by default)
+r,reflog-merges      scan for merges recorded in reflog
+m,merges             scan for merges into other branches (slow)
+t,merge-targets      scan for merges of other branches into <name>
+n,dry-run            don't recreate the branch"
+
+. git-sh-setup
+
+search_reflog () {
+        sed -ne 's~^\([^ ]*\) .*\tcheckout: moving from '"$1"' .*~\1~p' \
+                < "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD
+}
+
+search_reflog_merges () {
+	git rev-parse $(
+		sed -ne 's~^[^ ]* \([^ ]*\) .*\tmerge '"$1"':.*~\1^2~p' \
+			< "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD
+	)
+}
+
+_x40="[0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f][0-9a-f]"
+_x40="$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40$_x40"
+
+search_merges () {
+        git rev-list --all --grep="Merge branch '$1'" \
+                --pretty=tformat:"%P %s" |
+        sed -ne "/^$_x40 \($_x40\) Merge .*/ {s//\1/p;$early_exit}"
+}
+
+search_merge_targets () {
+	git rev-list --all --grep="Merge branch '[^']*' into $branch\$" \
+		--pretty=tformat:"%H %s" --all |
+	sed -ne "/^\($_x40\) Merge .*/ {s//\1/p;$early_exit} "
+}
+
+dry_run=
+early_exit=q
+scan_reflog=t
+scan_reflog_merges=
+scan_merges=
+scan_merge_targets=
+new_name=
+
+while test "$#" != 0; do
+	case "$1" in
+	    -b|--branch)
+		shift
+		new_name="$1"
+		;;
+	    -n|--dry-run)
+		dry_run=t
+		;;
+	    --no-dry-run)
+		dry_run=
+		;;
+	    -k|--keep-going)
+		early_exit=
+		;;
+	    --no-keep-going)
+		early_exit=q
+		;;
+	    -m|--merges)
+		scan_merges=t
+		;;
+	    --no-merges)
+		scan_merges=
+		;;
+	    -l|--reflog)
+		scan_reflog=t
+		;;
+	    --no-reflog)
+		scan_reflog=
+		;;
+	    -r|--reflog_merges)
+		scan_reflog_merges=t
+		;;
+	    --no-reflog_merges)
+		scan_reflog_merges=
+		;;
+	    -t|--merge-targets)
+		scan_merge_targets=t
+		;;
+	    --no-merge-targets)
+		scan_merge_targets=
+		;;
+	    -a|--all)
+		scan_reflog=t
+		scan_reflog_merges=t
+		scan_merges=t
+		scan_merge_targets=t
+		;;
+	    --)
+		shift
+		break
+		;;
+	    *)
+		usage
+		;;
+	esac
+	shift
+done
+
+test "$#" = 1 || usage
+
+all_strategies="$scan_reflog$scan_reflog_merges$scan_merges$scan_merge_targets"
+if test -z "$all_strategies"; then
+	die "must enable at least one of -lrmt"
+fi
+
+branch="$1"
+test -z "$new_name" && new_name="$branch"
+
+if test ! -z "$scan_reflog"; then
+	if test -r "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD; then
+		candidates="$(search_reflog $branch)"
+	else
+		die 'reflog scanning requested, but' \
+			'$GIT_DIR/logs/HEAD not readable'
+	fi
+fi
+if test ! -z "$scan_reflog_merges"; then
+	if test -r "$GIT_DIR"/logs/HEAD; then
+		candidates="$candidates $(search_reflog_merges $branch)"
+	else
+		die 'reflog scanning requested, but' \
+			'$GIT_DIR/logs/HEAD not readable'
+	fi
+fi
+if test ! -z "$scan_merges"; then
+	candidates="$candidates $(search_merges $branch)"
+fi
+if test ! -z "$scan_merge_targets"; then
+	candidates="$candidates $(search_merge_targets $branch)"
+fi
+
+candidates="$(git rev-parse $candidates | sort -u)"
+
+if test -z "$candidates"; then
+	hint=
+	test "z$all_strategies" != "ztttt" \
+		&& hint=" (maybe try again with -a)"
+	die "no candidates for $branch found$hint"
+fi
+
+echo "** Candidates for $branch **"
+for cmt in $candidates; do
+	git --no-pager log --pretty=tformat:"%ct:%h [%cr] %s" --abbrev-commit -1 $cmt
+done \
+| sort -n | cut -d: -f2-
+
+newest="$(git rev-list -1 $candidates)"
+if test ! -z "$dry_run"; then
+	printf "** Most recent: "
+	git --no-pager log -1 --pretty=tformat:"%h %s" $newest
+elif ! git rev-parse --verify --quiet $new_name >/dev/null; then
+	printf "** Restoring $new_name to "
+	git --no-pager log -1 --pretty=tformat:"%h %s" $newest
+	git branch $new_name $newest
+else
+	printf "Most recent: "
+	git --no-pager log -1 --pretty=tformat:"%h %s" $newest
+	echo "** $new_name already exists, doing nothing"
+fi
diff --git a/daemon.c b/daemon.c
index 540700ee84..d93cf960f9 100644
--- a/daemon.c
+++ b/daemon.c
@@ -937,6 +937,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	gid_t gid = 0;
 	int i;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		char *arg = argv[i];
 
diff --git a/diff-no-index.c b/diff-no-index.c
index 60ed17470a..0dbd9dad8b 100644
--- a/diff-no-index.c
+++ b/diff-no-index.c
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ static int get_mode(const char *path, int *mode)
 		*mode = 0;
 	else if (!strcmp(path, "-"))
 		*mode = create_ce_mode(0666);
-	else if (stat(path, &st))
+	else if (lstat(path, &st))
 		return error("Could not access '%s'", path);
 	else
 		*mode = st.st_mode;
diff --git a/diff.c b/diff.c
index 972b3daa65..a5a540fd38 100644
--- a/diff.c
+++ b/diff.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 #ifdef NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY
 #define FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY 0
@@ -170,6 +171,33 @@ static struct diff_tempfile {
 	char tmp_path[PATH_MAX];
 } diff_temp[2];
 
+static struct diff_tempfile *claim_diff_tempfile(void) {
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_temp); i++)
+		if (!diff_temp[i].name)
+			return diff_temp + i;
+	die("BUG: diff is failing to clean up its tempfiles");
+}
+
+static int remove_tempfile_installed;
+
+static void remove_tempfile(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_temp); i++)
+		if (diff_temp[i].name == diff_temp[i].tmp_path) {
+			unlink(diff_temp[i].name);
+			diff_temp[i].name = NULL;
+		}
+}
+
+static void remove_tempfile_on_signal(int signo)
+{
+	remove_tempfile();
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
 static int count_lines(const char *data, int size)
 {
 	int count, ch, completely_empty = 1, nl_just_seen = 0;
@@ -1940,10 +1968,11 @@ static void prep_temp_blob(struct diff_tempfile *temp,
 	sprintf(temp->mode, "%06o", mode);
 }
 
-static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
-			      struct diff_tempfile *temp,
-			      struct diff_filespec *one)
+static struct diff_tempfile *prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
+		struct diff_filespec *one)
 {
+	struct diff_tempfile *temp = claim_diff_tempfile();
+
 	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(one)) {
 	not_a_valid_file:
 		/* A '-' entry produces this for file-2, and
@@ -1952,7 +1981,13 @@ static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 		temp->name = "/dev/null";
 		strcpy(temp->hex, ".");
 		strcpy(temp->mode, ".");
-		return;
+		return temp;
+	}
+
+	if (!remove_tempfile_installed) {
+		atexit(remove_tempfile);
+		sigchain_push_common(remove_tempfile_on_signal);
+		remove_tempfile_installed = 1;
 	}
 
 	if (!one->sha1_valid ||
@@ -1992,7 +2027,7 @@ static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 			 */
 			sprintf(temp->mode, "%06o", one->mode);
 		}
-		return;
+		return temp;
 	}
 	else {
 		if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
@@ -2000,24 +2035,7 @@ static void prepare_temp_file(const char *name,
 		prep_temp_blob(temp, one->data, one->size,
 			       one->sha1, one->mode);
 	}
-}
-
-static void remove_tempfile(void)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++)
-		if (diff_temp[i].name == diff_temp[i].tmp_path) {
-			unlink(diff_temp[i].name);
-			diff_temp[i].name = NULL;
-		}
-}
-
-static void remove_tempfile_on_signal(int signo)
-{
-	remove_tempfile();
-	signal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
-	raise(signo);
+	return temp;
 }
 
 /* An external diff command takes:
@@ -2035,34 +2053,22 @@ static void run_external_diff(const char *pgm,
 			      int complete_rewrite)
 {
 	const char *spawn_arg[10];
-	struct diff_tempfile *temp = diff_temp;
 	int retval;
-	static int atexit_asked = 0;
-	const char *othername;
 	const char **arg = &spawn_arg[0];
 
-	othername = (other? other : name);
-	if (one && two) {
-		prepare_temp_file(name, &temp[0], one);
-		prepare_temp_file(othername, &temp[1], two);
-		if (! atexit_asked &&
-		    (temp[0].name == temp[0].tmp_path ||
-		     temp[1].name == temp[1].tmp_path)) {
-			atexit_asked = 1;
-			atexit(remove_tempfile);
-		}
-		signal(SIGINT, remove_tempfile_on_signal);
-	}
-
 	if (one && two) {
+		struct diff_tempfile *temp_one, *temp_two;
+		const char *othername = (other ? other : name);
+		temp_one = prepare_temp_file(name, one);
+		temp_two = prepare_temp_file(othername, two);
 		*arg++ = pgm;
 		*arg++ = name;
-		*arg++ = temp[0].name;
-		*arg++ = temp[0].hex;
-		*arg++ = temp[0].mode;
-		*arg++ = temp[1].name;
-		*arg++ = temp[1].hex;
-		*arg++ = temp[1].mode;
+		*arg++ = temp_one->name;
+		*arg++ = temp_one->hex;
+		*arg++ = temp_one->mode;
+		*arg++ = temp_two->name;
+		*arg++ = temp_two->hex;
+		*arg++ = temp_two->mode;
 		if (other) {
 			*arg++ = other;
 			*arg++ = xfrm_msg;
@@ -2081,16 +2087,86 @@ static void run_external_diff(const char *pgm,
 	}
 }
 
+static int similarity_index(struct diff_filepair *p)
+{
+	return p->score * 100 / MAX_SCORE;
+}
+
+static void fill_metainfo(struct strbuf *msg,
+			  const char *name,
+			  const char *other,
+			  struct diff_filespec *one,
+			  struct diff_filespec *two,
+			  struct diff_options *o,
+			  struct diff_filepair *p)
+{
+	strbuf_init(msg, PATH_MAX * 2 + 300);
+	switch (p->status) {
+	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "similarity index %d%%", similarity_index(p));
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\ncopy from ");
+		quote_c_style(name, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\ncopy to ");
+		quote_c_style(other, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addch(msg, '\n');
+		break;
+	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "similarity index %d%%", similarity_index(p));
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\nrename from ");
+		quote_c_style(name, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(msg, "\nrename to ");
+		quote_c_style(other, msg, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addch(msg, '\n');
+		break;
+	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
+		if (p->score) {
+			strbuf_addf(msg, "dissimilarity index %d%%\n",
+				    similarity_index(p));
+			break;
+		}
+		/* fallthru */
+	default:
+		/* nothing */
+		;
+	}
+	if (one && two && hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1)) {
+		int abbrev = DIFF_OPT_TST(o, FULL_INDEX) ? 40 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+
+		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, BINARY)) {
+			mmfile_t mf;
+			if ((!fill_mmfile(&mf, one) && diff_filespec_is_binary(one)) ||
+			    (!fill_mmfile(&mf, two) && diff_filespec_is_binary(two)))
+				abbrev = 40;
+		}
+		strbuf_addf(msg, "index %.*s..%.*s",
+			    abbrev, sha1_to_hex(one->sha1),
+			    abbrev, sha1_to_hex(two->sha1));
+		if (one->mode == two->mode)
+			strbuf_addf(msg, " %06o", one->mode);
+		strbuf_addch(msg, '\n');
+	}
+	if (msg->len)
+		strbuf_setlen(msg, msg->len - 1);
+}
+
 static void run_diff_cmd(const char *pgm,
 			 const char *name,
 			 const char *other,
 			 const char *attr_path,
 			 struct diff_filespec *one,
 			 struct diff_filespec *two,
-			 const char *xfrm_msg,
+			 struct strbuf *msg,
 			 struct diff_options *o,
-			 int complete_rewrite)
+			 struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
+	const char *xfrm_msg = NULL;
+	int complete_rewrite = (p->status == DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED) && p->score;
+
+	if (msg) {
+		fill_metainfo(msg, name, other, one, two, o, p);
+		xfrm_msg = msg->len ? msg->buf : NULL;
+	}
+
 	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_EXTERNAL))
 		pgm = NULL;
 	else {
@@ -2130,11 +2206,6 @@ static void diff_fill_sha1_info(struct diff_filespec *one)
 		hashclr(one->sha1);
 }
 
-static int similarity_index(struct diff_filepair *p)
-{
-	return p->score * 100 / MAX_SCORE;
-}
-
 static void strip_prefix(int prefix_length, const char **namep, const char **otherp)
 {
 	/* Strip the prefix but do not molest /dev/null and absolute paths */
@@ -2148,13 +2219,11 @@ static void run_diff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
 {
 	const char *pgm = external_diff();
 	struct strbuf msg;
-	char *xfrm_msg;
 	struct diff_filespec *one = p->one;
 	struct diff_filespec *two = p->two;
 	const char *name;
 	const char *other;
 	const char *attr_path;
-	int complete_rewrite = 0;
 
 	name  = p->one->path;
 	other = (strcmp(name, p->two->path) ? p->two->path : NULL);
@@ -2164,83 +2233,34 @@ static void run_diff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
 
 	if (DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p)) {
 		run_diff_cmd(pgm, name, NULL, attr_path,
-			     NULL, NULL, NULL, o, 0);
+			     NULL, NULL, NULL, o, p);
 		return;
 	}
 
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(one);
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(two);
 
-	strbuf_init(&msg, PATH_MAX * 2 + 300);
-	switch (p->status) {
-	case DIFF_STATUS_COPIED:
-		strbuf_addf(&msg, "similarity index %d%%", similarity_index(p));
-		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "\ncopy from ");
-		quote_c_style(name, &msg, NULL, 0);
-		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "\ncopy to ");
-		quote_c_style(other, &msg, NULL, 0);
-		strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
-		break;
-	case DIFF_STATUS_RENAMED:
-		strbuf_addf(&msg, "similarity index %d%%", similarity_index(p));
-		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "\nrename from ");
-		quote_c_style(name, &msg, NULL, 0);
-		strbuf_addstr(&msg, "\nrename to ");
-		quote_c_style(other, &msg, NULL, 0);
-		strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
-		break;
-	case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
-		if (p->score) {
-			strbuf_addf(&msg, "dissimilarity index %d%%\n",
-					similarity_index(p));
-			complete_rewrite = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-		/* fallthru */
-	default:
-		/* nothing */
-		;
-	}
-
-	if (hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1)) {
-		int abbrev = DIFF_OPT_TST(o, FULL_INDEX) ? 40 : DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-
-		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, BINARY)) {
-			mmfile_t mf;
-			if ((!fill_mmfile(&mf, one) && diff_filespec_is_binary(one)) ||
-			    (!fill_mmfile(&mf, two) && diff_filespec_is_binary(two)))
-				abbrev = 40;
-		}
-		strbuf_addf(&msg, "index %.*s..%.*s",
-				abbrev, sha1_to_hex(one->sha1),
-				abbrev, sha1_to_hex(two->sha1));
-		if (one->mode == two->mode)
-			strbuf_addf(&msg, " %06o", one->mode);
-		strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
-	}
-
-	if (msg.len)
-		strbuf_setlen(&msg, msg.len - 1);
-	xfrm_msg = msg.len ? msg.buf : NULL;
-
 	if (!pgm &&
 	    DIFF_FILE_VALID(one) && DIFF_FILE_VALID(two) &&
 	    (S_IFMT & one->mode) != (S_IFMT & two->mode)) {
-		/* a filepair that changes between file and symlink
+		/*
+		 * a filepair that changes between file and symlink
 		 * needs to be split into deletion and creation.
 		 */
 		struct diff_filespec *null = alloc_filespec(two->path);
 		run_diff_cmd(NULL, name, other, attr_path,
-			     one, null, xfrm_msg, o, 0);
+			     one, null, &msg, o, p);
 		free(null);
+		strbuf_release(&msg);
+
 		null = alloc_filespec(one->path);
 		run_diff_cmd(NULL, name, other, attr_path,
-			     null, two, xfrm_msg, o, 0);
+			     null, two, &msg, o, p);
 		free(null);
 	}
 	else
 		run_diff_cmd(pgm, name, other, attr_path,
-			     one, two, xfrm_msg, o, complete_rewrite);
+			     one, two, &msg, o, p);
 
 	strbuf_release(&msg);
 }
@@ -3537,15 +3557,15 @@ void diff_unmerge(struct diff_options *options,
 static char *run_textconv(const char *pgm, struct diff_filespec *spec,
 		size_t *outsize)
 {
-	struct diff_tempfile temp;
+	struct diff_tempfile *temp;
 	const char *argv[3];
 	const char **arg = argv;
 	struct child_process child;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	prepare_temp_file(spec->path, &temp, spec);
+	temp = prepare_temp_file(spec->path, spec);
 	*arg++ = pgm;
-	*arg++ = temp.name;
+	*arg++ = temp->name;
 	*arg = NULL;
 
 	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
@@ -3554,13 +3574,11 @@ static char *run_textconv(const char *pgm, struct diff_filespec *spec,
 	if (start_command(&child) != 0 ||
 	    strbuf_read(&buf, child.out, 0) < 0 ||
 	    finish_command(&child) != 0) {
-		if (temp.name == temp.tmp_path)
-			unlink(temp.name);
+		remove_tempfile();
 		error("error running textconv command '%s'", pgm);
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	if (temp.name == temp.tmp_path)
-		unlink(temp.name);
+	remove_tempfile();
 
 	return strbuf_detach(&buf, outsize);
 }
diff --git a/dump-cache-tree.c b/dump-cache-tree.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 1f73f1ea7d..0000000000
--- a/dump-cache-tree.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,64 +0,0 @@
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "tree.h"
-#include "cache-tree.h"
-
-
-static void dump_one(struct cache_tree *it, const char *pfx, const char *x)
-{
-	if (it->entry_count < 0)
-		printf("%-40s %s%s (%d subtrees)\n",
-		       "invalid", x, pfx, it->subtree_nr);
-	else
-		printf("%s %s%s (%d entries, %d subtrees)\n",
-		       sha1_to_hex(it->sha1), x, pfx,
-		       it->entry_count, it->subtree_nr);
-}
-
-static int dump_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it,
-			   struct cache_tree *ref,
-			   const char *pfx)
-{
-	int i;
-	int errs = 0;
-
-	if (!it || !ref)
-		/* missing in either */
-		return 0;
-
-	if (it->entry_count < 0) {
-		dump_one(it, pfx, "");
-		dump_one(ref, pfx, "#(ref) ");
-		if (it->subtree_nr != ref->subtree_nr)
-			errs = 1;
-	}
-	else {
-		dump_one(it, pfx, "");
-		if (hashcmp(it->sha1, ref->sha1) ||
-		    ref->entry_count != it->entry_count ||
-		    ref->subtree_nr != it->subtree_nr) {
-			dump_one(ref, pfx, "#(ref) ");
-			errs = 1;
-		}
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < it->subtree_nr; i++) {
-		char path[PATH_MAX];
-		struct cache_tree_sub *down = it->down[i];
-		struct cache_tree_sub *rdwn;
-
-		rdwn = cache_tree_sub(ref, down->name);
-		sprintf(path, "%s%.*s/", pfx, down->namelen, down->name);
-		if (dump_cache_tree(down->cache_tree, rdwn->cache_tree, path))
-			errs = 1;
-	}
-	return errs;
-}
-
-int main(int ac, char **av)
-{
-	struct cache_tree *another = cache_tree();
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die("unable to read index file");
-	cache_tree_update(another, active_cache, active_nr, 0, 1);
-	return dump_cache_tree(active_cache_tree, another, "");
-}
diff --git a/exec_cmd.c b/exec_cmd.c
index cdd35f9195..f234066def 100644
--- a/exec_cmd.c
+++ b/exec_cmd.c
@@ -9,17 +9,78 @@ static const char *argv0_path;
 
 const char *system_path(const char *path)
 {
-	if (!is_absolute_path(path) && argv0_path) {
-		struct strbuf d = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addf(&d, "%s/%s", argv0_path, path);
-		path = strbuf_detach(&d, NULL);
+#ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+	static const char *prefix;
+#else
+	static const char *prefix = PREFIX;
+#endif
+	struct strbuf d = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (is_absolute_path(path))
+		return path;
+
+#ifdef RUNTIME_PREFIX
+	assert(argv0_path);
+	assert(is_absolute_path(argv0_path));
+
+	if (!prefix) {
+		const char *strip[] = {
+			GIT_EXEC_PATH,
+			BINDIR,
+			0
+		};
+		const char **s;
+
+		for (s = strip; *s; s++) {
+			const char *sargv = argv0_path + strlen(argv0_path);
+			const char *ss = *s + strlen(*s);
+			while (argv0_path < sargv && *s < ss
+				&& (*sargv == *ss ||
+				    (is_dir_sep(*sargv) && is_dir_sep(*ss)))) {
+				sargv--;
+				ss--;
+			}
+			if (*s == ss) {
+				struct strbuf d = STRBUF_INIT;
+				/* We also skip the trailing directory separator. */
+				assert(sargv - argv0_path - 1 >= 0);
+				strbuf_add(&d, argv0_path, sargv - argv0_path - 1);
+				prefix = strbuf_detach(&d, NULL);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
 	}
+
+	if (!prefix) {
+		prefix = PREFIX;
+		fprintf(stderr, "RUNTIME_PREFIX requested, "
+				"but prefix computation failed.  "
+				"Using static fallback '%s'.\n", prefix);
+	}
+#endif
+
+	strbuf_addf(&d, "%s/%s", prefix, path);
+	path = strbuf_detach(&d, NULL);
 	return path;
 }
 
-void git_set_argv0_path(const char *path)
+const char *git_extract_argv0_path(const char *argv0)
 {
-	argv0_path = path;
+	const char *slash;
+
+	if (!argv0 || !*argv0)
+		return NULL;
+	slash = argv0 + strlen(argv0);
+
+	while (argv0 <= slash && !is_dir_sep(*slash))
+		slash--;
+
+	if (slash >= argv0) {
+		argv0_path = xstrndup(argv0, slash - argv0);
+		return slash + 1;
+	}
+
+	return argv0;
 }
 
 void git_set_argv_exec_path(const char *exec_path)
@@ -61,9 +122,7 @@ void setup_path(void)
 	const char *old_path = getenv("PATH");
 	struct strbuf new_path = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	add_path(&new_path, argv_exec_path);
-	add_path(&new_path, getenv(EXEC_PATH_ENVIRONMENT));
-	add_path(&new_path, system_path(GIT_EXEC_PATH));
+	add_path(&new_path, git_exec_path());
 	add_path(&new_path, argv0_path);
 
 	if (old_path)
diff --git a/exec_cmd.h b/exec_cmd.h
index 594f961387..e2b546b615 100644
--- a/exec_cmd.h
+++ b/exec_cmd.h
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 #define GIT_EXEC_CMD_H
 
 extern void git_set_argv_exec_path(const char *exec_path);
-extern void git_set_argv0_path(const char *path);
-extern const char* git_exec_path(void);
+extern const char *git_extract_argv0_path(const char *path);
+extern const char *git_exec_path(void);
 extern void setup_path(void);
 extern const char **prepare_git_cmd(const char **argv);
 extern int execv_git_cmd(const char **argv); /* NULL terminated */
diff --git a/fast-import.c b/fast-import.c
index f0e08aca70..1935206be0 100644
--- a/fast-import.c
+++ b/fast-import.c
@@ -150,6 +150,7 @@ Format of STDIN stream:
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "csum-file.h"
 #include "quote.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 #define PACK_ID_BITS 16
 #define MAX_PACK_ID ((1<<PACK_ID_BITS)-1)
@@ -2406,6 +2407,8 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	unsigned int i, show_stats = 1;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 	git_config(git_pack_config, NULL);
 	if (!pack_compression_seen && core_compression_seen)
diff --git a/git-add--interactive.perl b/git-add--interactive.perl
index ca60356d00..3bf0cda4ee 100755
--- a/git-add--interactive.perl
+++ b/git-add--interactive.perl
@@ -801,6 +801,7 @@ sub help_patch_cmd {
 a - stage this and all the remaining hunks in the file
 d - do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining hunks in the file
 g - select a hunk to go to
+/ - search for a hunk matching the given regex
 j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
 J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk
 k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk
@@ -929,25 +930,25 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 		for ($i = 0; $i < $ix; $i++) {
 			if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
 				$prev = 1;
-				$other .= '/k';
+				$other .= ',k';
 				last;
 			}
 		}
 		if ($ix) {
-			$other .= '/K';
+			$other .= ',K';
 		}
 		for ($i = $ix + 1; $i < $num; $i++) {
 			if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
 				$next = 1;
-				$other .= '/j';
+				$other .= ',j';
 				last;
 			}
 		}
 		if ($ix < $num - 1) {
-			$other .= '/J';
+			$other .= ',J';
 		}
 		if ($num > 1) {
-			$other .= '/g';
+			$other .= ',g';
 		}
 		for ($i = 0; $i < $num; $i++) {
 			if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
@@ -958,13 +959,13 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 		last if (!$undecided);
 
 		if (hunk_splittable($hunk[$ix]{TEXT})) {
-			$other .= '/s';
+			$other .= ',s';
 		}
-		$other .= '/e';
+		$other .= ',e';
 		for (@{$hunk[$ix]{DISPLAY}}) {
 			print;
 		}
-		print colored $prompt_color, "Stage this hunk [y/n/a/d$other/?]? ";
+		print colored $prompt_color, "Stage this hunk [y,n,a,d,/$other,?]? ";
 		my $line = <STDIN>;
 		if ($line) {
 			if ($line =~ /^y/i) {
@@ -993,6 +994,9 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 					}
 					print "go to which hunk$extra? ";
 					$response = <STDIN>;
+					if (!defined $response) {
+						$response = '';
+					}
 					chomp $response;
 				}
 				if ($response !~ /^\s*\d+\s*$/) {
@@ -1013,30 +1017,68 @@ sub patch_update_file {
 				}
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /K/ && $line =~ /^K/) {
-				$ix--;
-				next;
-			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /J/ && $line =~ /^J/) {
-				$ix++;
+			elsif ($line =~ m|^/(.*)|) {
+				my $search_string;
+				eval {
+					$search_string = qr{$1}m;
+				};
+				if ($@) {
+					my ($err,$exp) = ($@, $1);
+					$err =~ s/ at .*git-add--interactive line \d+, <STDIN> line \d+.*$//;
+					print STDERR "Malformed search regexp $exp: $err\n";
+					next;
+				}
+				my $iy = $ix;
+				while (1) {
+					my $text = join ("", @{$hunk[$iy]{TEXT}});
+					last if ($text =~ $search_string);
+					$iy++;
+					$iy = 0 if ($iy >= $num);
+					if ($ix == $iy) {
+						print STDERR "No hunk matches the given pattern\n";
+						last;
+					}
+				}
+				$ix = $iy;
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /k/ && $line =~ /^k/) {
-				while (1) {
+			elsif ($line =~ /^K/) {
+				if ($other =~ /K/) {
 					$ix--;
-					last if (!$ix ||
-						 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
+				}
+				else {
+					print STDERR "No previous hunk\n";
 				}
 				next;
 			}
-			elsif ($other =~ /j/ && $line =~ /^j/) {
-				while (1) {
+			elsif ($line =~ /^J/) {
+				if ($other =~ /J/) {
 					$ix++;
-					last if ($ix >= $num ||
-						 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
+				}
+				else {
+					print STDERR "No next hunk\n";
+				}
+				next;
+			}
+			elsif ($line =~ /^k/) {
+				if ($other =~ /k/) {
+					while (1) {
+						$ix--;
+						last if (!$ix ||
+							 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
+					}
+				}
+				else {
+					print STDERR "No previous hunk\n";
 				}
 				next;
 			}
+			elsif ($line =~ /^j/) {
+				if ($other !~ /j/) {
+					print STDERR "No next hunk\n";
+					next;
+				}
+			}
 			elsif ($other =~ /s/ && $line =~ /^s/) {
 				my @split = split_hunk($hunk[$ix]{TEXT}, $hunk[$ix]{DISPLAY});
 				if (1 < @split) {
diff --git a/git-am.sh b/git-am.sh
index b598b4332a..8bcb206022 100755
--- a/git-am.sh
+++ b/git-am.sh
@@ -23,6 +23,8 @@ resolvemsg=     override error message when patch failure occurs
 r,resolved      to be used after a patch failure
 skip            skip the current patch
 abort           restore the original branch and abort the patching operation.
+committer-date-is-author-date    lie about committer date
+ignore-date     use current timestamp for author date
 rebasing*       (internal use for git-rebase)"
 
 . git-sh-setup
@@ -133,6 +135,8 @@ dotest="$GIT_DIR/rebase-apply"
 sign= utf8=t keep= skip= interactive= resolved= rebasing= abort=
 resolvemsg= resume=
 git_apply_opt=
+committer_date_is_author_date=
+ignore_date=
 
 while test $# != 0
 do
@@ -170,6 +174,10 @@ do
 		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $(sq "$1$2")"; shift ;;
 	--reject)
 		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $1" ;;
+	--committer-date-is-author-date)
+		committer_date_is_author_date=t ;;
+	--ignore-date)
+		ignore_date=t ;;
 	--)
 		shift; break ;;
 	*)
@@ -520,7 +528,18 @@ do
 
 	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
 	parent=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	commit=$(git commit-tree $tree -p $parent <"$dotest/final-commit") &&
+	commit=$(
+		if test -n "$ignore_date"
+		then
+			GIT_AUTHOR_DATE=
+		fi
+		if test -n "$committer_date_is_author_date"
+		then
+			GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+			export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+		fi &&
+		git commit-tree $tree -p $parent <"$dotest/final-commit"
+	) &&
 	git update-ref -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $FIRSTLINE" HEAD $commit $parent ||
 	stop_here $this
 
diff --git a/git-cvsserver.perl b/git-cvsserver.perl
index fef7faf339..ab6cea3e53 100755
--- a/git-cvsserver.perl
+++ b/git-cvsserver.perl
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@
     'history'         => \&req_CATCHALL,
     'watchers'        => \&req_EMPTY,
     'editors'         => \&req_EMPTY,
+    'noop'            => \&req_EMPTY,
     'annotate'        => \&req_annotate,
     'Global_option'   => \&req_Globaloption,
     #'annotate'        => \&req_CATCHALL,
@@ -1413,14 +1414,14 @@ sub req_ci
 		close $pipe || die "bad pipe: $! $?";
 	}
 
+    $updater->update();
+
 	### Then hooks/post-update
 	$hook = $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/post-update';
 	if (-x $hook) {
 		system($hook, "refs/heads/$state->{module}");
 	}
 
-    $updater->update();
-
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
     foreach my $filename ( @committedfiles )
     {
diff --git a/git-mergetool.sh b/git-mergetool.sh
index 00e1337306..87fa88af55 100755
--- a/git-mergetool.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool.sh
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
-prefix=$(git rev-parse --show-prefix)
 
 # Returns true if the mode reflects a symlink
 is_symlink () {
@@ -127,6 +126,14 @@ check_unchanged () {
     fi
 }
 
+checkout_staged_file () {
+    tmpfile=$(expr "$(git checkout-index --temp --stage="$1" "$2")" : '\([^	]*\)	')
+
+    if test $? -eq 0 -a -n "$tmpfile" ; then
+	mv -- "$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)$tmpfile" "$3"
+    fi
+}
+
 merge_file () {
     MERGED="$1"
 
@@ -153,9 +160,9 @@ merge_file () {
     local_mode=`git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $1;}'`
     remote_mode=`git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $1;}'`
 
-    base_present   && git cat-file blob ":1:$prefix$MERGED" >"$BASE" 2>/dev/null
-    local_present  && git cat-file blob ":2:$prefix$MERGED" >"$LOCAL" 2>/dev/null
-    remote_present && git cat-file blob ":3:$prefix$MERGED" >"$REMOTE" 2>/dev/null
+    base_present   && checkout_staged_file 1 "$MERGED" "$BASE"
+    local_present  && checkout_staged_file 2 "$MERGED" "$LOCAL"
+    remote_present && checkout_staged_file 3 "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
 
     if test -z "$local_mode" -o -z "$remote_mode"; then
 	echo "Deleted merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
@@ -390,21 +397,19 @@ fi
 
 if test -z "$merge_tool" ; then
     if test -n "$DISPLAY"; then
-        merge_tool_candidates="kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff meld gvimdiff"
         if test -n "$GNOME_DESKTOP_SESSION_ID" ; then
-            merge_tool_candidates="meld $merge_tool_candidates"
-        fi
-        if test "$KDE_FULL_SESSION" = "true"; then
-            merge_tool_candidates="kdiff3 $merge_tool_candidates"
+            merge_tool_candidates="meld kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff gvimdiff"
+        else
+            merge_tool_candidates="kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff meld gvimdiff"
         fi
     fi
     if echo "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" | grep 'emacs' > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-        merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates emerge"
-    fi
-    if echo "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" | grep 'vim' > /dev/null 2>&1; then
-        merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates vimdiff"
+        merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates emerge opendiff vimdiff"
+    elif echo "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" | grep 'vim' > /dev/null 2>&1; then
+        merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates vimdiff opendiff emerge"
+    else
+        merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates opendiff emerge vimdiff"
     fi
-    merge_tool_candidates="$merge_tool_candidates opendiff emerge vimdiff"
     echo "merge tool candidates: $merge_tool_candidates"
     for i in $merge_tool_candidates; do
         init_merge_tool_path $i
diff --git a/git-rebase--interactive.sh b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
index 1438650ae8..3dc659dd58 100755
--- a/git-rebase--interactive.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
@@ -373,17 +373,15 @@ do_next () {
 		pick_one -n $sha1 || failed=t
 		case "$(peek_next_command)" in
 		squash|s)
-			EDIT_COMMIT=
 			USE_OUTPUT=output
 			MSG_OPT=-F
-			MSG_FILE="$MSG"
+			EDIT_OR_FILE="$MSG"
 			cp "$MSG" "$SQUASH_MSG"
 			;;
 		*)
-			EDIT_COMMIT=-e
 			USE_OUTPUT=
 			MSG_OPT=
-			MSG_FILE=
+			EDIT_OR_FILE=-e
 			rm -f "$SQUASH_MSG" || exit
 			cp "$MSG" "$GIT_DIR"/SQUASH_MSG
 			rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG || exit
@@ -397,7 +395,8 @@ do_next () {
 			GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" \
 			GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" \
 			GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" \
-			$USE_OUTPUT git commit --no-verify $MSG_OPT "$MSG_FILE" $EDIT_COMMIT || failed=t
+			$USE_OUTPUT git commit --no-verify \
+				$MSG_OPT "$EDIT_OR_FILE" || failed=t
 		fi
 		if test $failed = t
 		then
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index ecc8fad09a..c2b181ed78 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 const char git_usage_string[] =
 	"git [--version] [--exec-path[=GIT_EXEC_PATH]] [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--bare] [--git-dir=GIT_DIR] [--work-tree=GIT_WORK_TREE] [--help] COMMAND [ARGS]";
@@ -219,7 +220,7 @@ struct cmd_struct {
 	int option;
 };
 
-static int run_command(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
+static int run_builtin(struct cmd_struct *p, int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	int status;
 	struct stat st;
@@ -384,7 +385,7 @@ static void handle_internal_command(int argc, const char **argv)
 		struct cmd_struct *p = commands+i;
 		if (strcmp(p->cmd, cmd))
 			continue;
-		exit(run_command(p, argc, argv));
+		exit(run_builtin(p, argc, argv));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -392,6 +393,7 @@ static void execv_dashed_external(const char **argv)
 {
 	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *tmp;
+	int status;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&cmd, "git-%s", argv[0]);
 
@@ -406,10 +408,17 @@ static void execv_dashed_external(const char **argv)
 
 	trace_argv_printf(argv, "trace: exec:");
 
-	/* execvp() can only ever return if it fails */
-	execvp(cmd.buf, (char **)argv);
-
-	trace_printf("trace: exec failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+	/*
+	 * if we fail because the command is not found, it is
+	 * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code.
+	 */
+	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, 0);
+	if (status != -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC) {
+		if (IS_RUN_COMMAND_ERR(status))
+			die("unable to run '%s'", argv[0]);
+		exit(-status);
+	}
+	errno = ENOENT; /* as if we called execvp */
 
 	argv[0] = tmp;
 
@@ -442,21 +451,11 @@ static int run_argv(int *argcp, const char ***argv)
 
 int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
-	const char *cmd = argv[0] && *argv[0] ? argv[0] : "git-help";
-	char *slash = (char *)cmd + strlen(cmd);
+	const char *cmd;
 
-	/*
-	 * Take the basename of argv[0] as the command
-	 * name, and the dirname as the default exec_path
-	 * if we don't have anything better.
-	 */
-	while (cmd <= slash && !is_dir_sep(*slash))
-		slash--;
-	if (cmd <= slash) {
-		*slash++ = 0;
-		git_set_argv0_path(cmd);
-		cmd = slash;
-	}
+	cmd = git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+	if (!cmd)
+		cmd = "git-help";
 
 	/*
 	 * "git-xxxx" is the same as "git xxxx", but we obviously:
diff --git a/git.spec.in b/git.spec.in
index 069ace050d..4be0834f0b 100644
--- a/git.spec.in
+++ b/git.spec.in
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ BuildRequires:  perl(Error)
 %description -n perl-Git
 Perl interface to Git
 
-%define path_settings ETC_GITCONFIG=/etc/gitconfig prefix=%{_prefix} mandir=%{_mandir} htmldir=%{_docdir}/%{name}-core-%{version}
+%define path_settings ETC_GITCONFIG=/etc/gitconfig prefix=%{_prefix} mandir=%{_mandir} htmldir=%{_docdir}/%{name}-%{version}
 
 %prep
 %setup -q
@@ -190,6 +190,9 @@ rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT
 # No files for you!
 
 %changelog
+* Mon Feb 04 2009 David J. Mellor <dmellor@whistlingcat.com>
+- fixed broken git help -w after renaming the git-core package to git.
+
 * Fri Sep 12 2008 Quy Tonthat <qtonthat@gmail.com>
 - move git-cvsserver to bindir.
 
diff --git a/gitweb/README b/gitweb/README
index 825162a0b6..a9dc2e57d9 100644
--- a/gitweb/README
+++ b/gitweb/README
@@ -162,14 +162,12 @@ not include variables usually directly set during build):
    $GITWEB_LIST during installation.  If empty, $projectroot is used
    to scan for repositories.
  * $my_url, $my_uri
-   URL and absolute URL of gitweb script; you might need to set those
-   variables if you are using 'pathinfo' feature: see also below.
+   Full URL and absolute URL of gitweb script;
+   in earlier versions of gitweb you might have need to set those
+   variables, now there should be no need to do it.
  * $home_link
    Target of the home link on top of all pages (the first part of view
-   "breadcrumbs").  By default set to absolute URI of a page; you might
-   need to set it up to [base] gitweb URI if you use 'pathinfo' feature
-   (alternative format of the URLs, with project name embedded directly
-   in the path part of URL).
+   "breadcrumbs").  By default set to absolute URI of a page ($my_uri).
  * @stylesheets
    List of URIs of stylesheets (relative to base URI of a page). You
    might specify more than one stylesheet, for example use gitweb.css
@@ -322,6 +320,82 @@ something like the following in your gitweb.conf (or gitweb_config.perl) file:
   $home_link = "/";
 
 
+PATH_INFO usage
+-----------------------
+If you enable PATH_INFO usage in gitweb by putting
+
+   $feature{'pathinfo'}{'default'} = [1];
+
+in your gitweb.conf, it is possible to set up your server so that it
+consumes and produces URLs in the form
+
+http://git.example.com/project.git/shortlog/sometag
+
+by using a configuration such as the following, that assumes that
+/var/www/gitweb is the DocumentRoot of your webserver, and that it
+contains the gitweb.cgi script and complementary static files
+(stylesheet, favicon):
+
+<VirtualHost *:80>
+	ServerAlias git.example.com
+
+	DocumentRoot /var/www/gitweb
+
+	<Directory /var/www/gitweb>
+		Options ExecCGI
+		AddHandler cgi-script cgi
+
+		DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi
+
+		RewriteEngine On
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
+		RewriteRule ^.* /gitweb.cgi/$0 [L,PT]
+	</Directory>
+</VirtualHost>
+
+The rewrite rule guarantees that existing static files will be properly
+served, whereas any other URL will be passed to gitweb as PATH_INFO
+parameter.
+
+Notice that in this case you don't need special settings for
+@stylesheets, $my_uri and $home_link, but you lose "dumb client" access
+to your project .git dirs. A possible workaround for the latter is the
+following: in your project root dir (e.g. /pub/git) have the projects
+named without a .git extension (e.g. /pub/git/project instead of
+/pub/git/project.git) and configure Apache as follows:
+
+<VirtualHost *:80>
+	ServerAlias git.example.com
+
+	DocumentRoot /var/www/gitweb
+
+	AliasMatch ^(/.*?)(\.git)(/.*)? /pub/git$1$3
+	<Directory /var/www/gitweb>
+		Options ExecCGI
+		AddHandler cgi-script cgi
+
+		DirectoryIndex gitweb.cgi
+
+		RewriteEngine On
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f
+		RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d
+		RewriteRule ^.* /gitweb.cgi/$0 [L,PT]
+	</Directory>
+</VirtualHost>
+
+The additional AliasMatch makes it so that
+
+http://git.example.com/project.git
+
+will give raw access to the project's git dir (so that the project can
+be cloned), while
+
+http://git.example.com/project
+
+will provide human-friendly gitweb access.
+
+
 Originally written by:
   Kay Sievers <kay.sievers@vrfy.org>
 
diff --git a/gitweb/gitweb.perl b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
index f4defb01d9..f27dbb6bf4 100755
--- a/gitweb/gitweb.perl
+++ b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
@@ -2901,9 +2901,14 @@ sub git_header_html {
 <meta name="robots" content="index, nofollow"/>
 <title>$title</title>
 EOF
-# print out each stylesheet that exist
+	# the stylesheet, favicon etc urls won't work correctly with path_info
+	# unless we set the appropriate base URL
+	if ($ENV{'PATH_INFO'}) {
+		print '<base href="'.esc_url($my_url).'" />\n';
+	}
+	# print out each stylesheet that exist, providing backwards capability
+	# for those people who defined $stylesheet in a config file
 	if (defined $stylesheet) {
-#provides backwards capability for those people who define style sheet in a config file
 		print '<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="'.$stylesheet.'"/>'."\n";
 	} else {
 		foreach my $stylesheet (@stylesheets) {
diff --git a/hash-object.c b/hash-object.c
index 846e91a231..37e66779ab 100644
--- a/hash-object.c
+++ b/hash-object.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static void hash_fd(int fd, const char *type, int write_object, const char *path)
 {
@@ -81,6 +82,8 @@ int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 
 	type = blob_type;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, hash_object_options, hash_object_usage, 0);
diff --git a/http-push.c b/http-push.c
index 59037df502..a8ae545dfb 100644
--- a/http-push.c
+++ b/http-push.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "list-objects.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 #include <expat.h>
 
@@ -209,6 +210,15 @@ static struct curl_slist *get_dav_token_headers(struct remote_lock *lock, enum d
 	return dav_headers;
 }
 
+static void append_remote_object_url(struct strbuf *buf, const char *url,
+				     const char *hex,
+				     int only_two_digit_prefix)
+{
+	strbuf_addf(buf, "%sobjects/%.*s/", url, 2, hex);
+	if (!only_two_digit_prefix)
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s", hex+2);
+}
+
 static void finish_request(struct transfer_request *request);
 static void release_request(struct transfer_request *request);
 
@@ -221,6 +231,15 @@ static void process_response(void *callback_data)
 }
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
+
+static char *get_remote_object_url(const char *url, const char *hex,
+				   int only_two_digit_prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	append_remote_object_url(&buf, url, hex, only_two_digit_prefix);
+	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+}
+
 static size_t fwrite_sha1_file(void *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb,
 			       void *data)
 {
@@ -255,7 +274,6 @@ static void start_fetch_loose(struct transfer_request *request)
 	char *filename;
 	char prevfile[PATH_MAX];
 	char *url;
-	char *posn;
 	int prevlocal;
 	unsigned char prev_buf[PREV_BUF_SIZE];
 	ssize_t prev_read = 0;
@@ -305,17 +323,8 @@ static void start_fetch_loose(struct transfer_request *request)
 
 	git_SHA1_Init(&request->c);
 
-	url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 50);
-	request->url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 50);
-	strcpy(url, remote->url);
-	posn = url + strlen(remote->url);
-	strcpy(posn, "objects/");
-	posn += 8;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	*(posn++) = '/';
-	strcpy(posn, hex + 2);
-	strcpy(request->url, url);
+	url = get_remote_object_url(remote->url, hex, 0);
+	request->url = xstrdup(url);
 
 	/* If a previous temp file is present, process what was already
 	   fetched. */
@@ -388,16 +397,8 @@ static void start_mkcol(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
 	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1);
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	char *posn;
 
-	request->url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) + 13);
-	strcpy(request->url, remote->url);
-	posn = request->url + strlen(remote->url);
-	strcpy(posn, "objects/");
-	posn += 8;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	strcpy(posn, "/");
+	request->url = get_remote_object_url(remote->url, hex, 1);
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->callback_func = process_response;
@@ -512,7 +513,7 @@ static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 {
 	char *hex = sha1_to_hex(request->obj->sha1);
 	struct active_request_slot *slot;
-	char *posn;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	enum object_type type;
 	char hdr[50];
 	void *unpacked;
@@ -551,21 +552,14 @@ static void start_put(struct transfer_request *request)
 
 	request->buffer.buf.len = stream.total_out;
 
-	request->url = xmalloc(strlen(remote->url) +
-			       strlen(request->lock->token) + 51);
-	strcpy(request->url, remote->url);
-	posn = request->url + strlen(remote->url);
-	strcpy(posn, "objects/");
-	posn += 8;
-	memcpy(posn, hex, 2);
-	posn += 2;
-	*(posn++) = '/';
-	strcpy(posn, hex + 2);
-	request->dest = xmalloc(strlen(request->url) + 14);
-	sprintf(request->dest, "Destination: %s", request->url);
-	posn += 38;
-	*(posn++) = '_';
-	strcpy(posn, request->lock->token);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "Destination: ");
+	append_remote_object_url(&buf, remote->url, hex, 0);
+	request->dest = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	append_remote_object_url(&buf, remote->url, hex, 0);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "_");
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, request->lock->token);
+	request->url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 	slot->callback_func = process_response;
@@ -1384,7 +1378,7 @@ static void remove_locks(void)
 static void remove_locks_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	remove_locks();
-	signal(signo, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
@@ -2195,6 +2189,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	struct ref *ref;
 	char *rewritten_url = NULL;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	remote = xcalloc(sizeof(*remote), 1);
@@ -2277,10 +2273,7 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 
-	signal(SIGINT, remove_locks_on_signal);
-	signal(SIGHUP, remove_locks_on_signal);
-	signal(SIGQUIT, remove_locks_on_signal);
-	signal(SIGTERM, remove_locks_on_signal);
+	sigchain_push_common(remove_locks_on_signal);
 
 	/* Check whether the remote has server info files */
 	remote->can_update_info_refs = 0;
diff --git a/imap-send.c b/imap-send.c
index c3fa0df855..f91293c23f 100644
--- a/imap-send.c
+++ b/imap-send.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
  */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 #ifdef NO_OPENSSL
 typedef void *SSL;
 #endif
@@ -1389,6 +1390,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	int total, n = 0;
 	int nongit_ok;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	/* init the random number generator */
 	arc4_init();
 
diff --git a/index-pack.c b/index-pack.c
index b46a6d6597..f7a38079e1 100644
--- a/index-pack.c
+++ b/index-pack.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "fsck.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char index_pack_usage[] =
 "git index-pack [-v] [-o <index-file>] [{ ---keep | --keep=<msg> }] [--strict] { <pack-file> | --stdin [--fix-thin] [<pack-file>] }";
@@ -880,6 +881,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	struct pack_idx_entry **idx_objects;
 	unsigned char pack_sha1[20];
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	/*
 	 * We wish to read the repository's config file if any, and
 	 * for that it is necessary to call setup_git_directory_gently().
diff --git a/lockfile.c b/lockfile.c
index 8589155532..021c3375c1 100644
--- a/lockfile.c
+++ b/lockfile.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
  * Copyright (c) 2005, Junio C Hamano
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 static struct lock_file *lock_file_list;
 static const char *alternate_index_output;
@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ static void remove_lock_file(void)
 static void remove_lock_file_on_signal(int signo)
 {
 	remove_lock_file();
-	signal(signo, SIG_DFL);
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
@@ -136,11 +137,7 @@ static int lock_file(struct lock_file *lk, const char *path, int flags)
 	lk->fd = open(lk->filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT | O_EXCL, 0666);
 	if (0 <= lk->fd) {
 		if (!lock_file_list) {
-			signal(SIGINT, remove_lock_file_on_signal);
-			signal(SIGHUP, remove_lock_file_on_signal);
-			signal(SIGTERM, remove_lock_file_on_signal);
-			signal(SIGQUIT, remove_lock_file_on_signal);
-			signal(SIGPIPE, remove_lock_file_on_signal);
+			sigchain_push_common(remove_lock_file_on_signal);
 			atexit(remove_lock_file);
 		}
 		lk->owner = getpid();
diff --git a/merge-index.c b/merge-index.c
index 7827e87a92..aa9cf23a39 100644
--- a/merge-index.c
+++ b/merge-index.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char *pgm;
 static const char *arguments[9];
@@ -91,7 +92,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	signal(SIGCHLD, SIG_DFL);
 
 	if (argc < 3)
-		usage("git-merge-index [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | [--] <filename>*)");
+		usage("git merge-index [-o] [-q] <merge-program> (-a | [--] <filename>*)");
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	setup_git_directory();
 	read_cache();
diff --git a/merge-tree.c b/merge-tree.c
index 2d1413efbb..f01e7c81ae 100644
--- a/merge-tree.c
+++ b/merge-tree.c
@@ -2,8 +2,9 @@
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
-static const char merge_tree_usage[] = "git-merge-tree <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>";
+static const char merge_tree_usage[] = "git merge-tree <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>";
 static int resolve_directories = 1;
 
 struct merge_list {
@@ -344,6 +345,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	if (argc != 4)
 		usage(merge_tree_usage);
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	buf1 = get_tree_descriptor(t+0, argv[1]);
diff --git a/mktag.c b/mktag.c
index ba3d495e07..99a356e9ee 100644
--- a/mktag.c
+++ b/mktag.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tag.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 /*
  * A signature file has a very simple fixed format: four lines
@@ -157,7 +158,9 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	unsigned char result_sha1[20];
 
 	if (argc != 1)
-		usage("git-mktag < signaturefile");
+		usage("git mktag < signaturefile");
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	setup_git_directory();
 
diff --git a/mktree.c b/mktree.c
index 514fd9b15a..137a0950f6 100644
--- a/mktree.c
+++ b/mktree.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "tree.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static struct treeent {
 	unsigned mode;
@@ -61,7 +62,7 @@ static void write_tree(unsigned char *sha1)
 	write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, tree_type, sha1);
 }
 
-static const char mktree_usage[] = "git-mktree [-z]";
+static const char mktree_usage[] = "git mktree [-z]";
 
 int main(int ac, char **av)
 {
@@ -70,6 +71,8 @@ int main(int ac, char **av)
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	int line_termination = '\n';
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(av[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	while ((1 < ac) && av[1][0] == '-') {
diff --git a/pack-redundant.c b/pack-redundant.c
index e93eb966e2..48a12bc135 100644
--- a/pack-redundant.c
+++ b/pack-redundant.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 */
 
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 #define BLKSIZE 512
 
@@ -601,6 +602,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	unsigned char *sha1;
 	char buf[42]; /* 40 byte sha1 + \n + \0 */
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
diff --git a/pager.c b/pager.c
index f19ddbc87d..4921843577 100644
--- a/pager.c
+++ b/pager.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 /*
  * This is split up from the rest of git so that we can do
@@ -38,6 +39,13 @@ static void wait_for_pager(void)
 	finish_command(&pager_process);
 }
 
+static void wait_for_pager_signal(int signo)
+{
+	wait_for_pager();
+	sigchain_pop(signo);
+	raise(signo);
+}
+
 void setup_pager(void)
 {
 	const char *pager = getenv("GIT_PAGER");
@@ -75,6 +83,7 @@ void setup_pager(void)
 	close(pager_process.in);
 
 	/* this makes sure that the parent terminates after the pager */
+	sigchain_push_common(wait_for_pager_signal);
 	atexit(wait_for_pager);
 }
 
diff --git a/parse-options.c b/parse-options.c
index 9eb55cc8b5..4c5d09dd25 100644
--- a/parse-options.c
+++ b/parse-options.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
 
 #define OPT_SHORT 1
 #define OPT_UNSET 2
@@ -506,6 +507,22 @@ int parse_opt_verbosity_cb(const struct option *opt, const char *arg,
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int parse_opt_with_commit(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct commit *commit;
+
+	if (!arg)
+		return -1;
+	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
+		return error("malformed object name %s", arg);
+	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!commit)
+		return error("no such commit %s", arg);
+	commit_list_insert(commit, opt->value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /*
  * This should really be OPTION_FILENAME type as a part of
  * parse_options that take prefix to do this while parsing.
diff --git a/parse-options.h b/parse-options.h
index 034162ec69..912290549b 100644
--- a/parse-options.h
+++ b/parse-options.h
@@ -151,6 +151,7 @@ extern int parse_options_end(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx);
 extern int parse_opt_abbrev_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_approxidate_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 extern int parse_opt_verbosity_cb(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int parse_opt_with_commit(const struct option *, const char *, int);
 
 #define OPT__VERBOSE(var)  OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", (var), "be verbose")
 #define OPT__QUIET(var)    OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet",   (var), "be quiet")
diff --git a/patch-id.c b/patch-id.c
index 871f1d20c0..0df4cb086b 100644
--- a/patch-id.c
+++ b/patch-id.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static void flush_current_id(int patchlen, unsigned char *id, git_SHA_CTX *c)
 {
@@ -72,13 +73,15 @@ static void generate_id_list(void)
 	flush_current_id(patchlen, sha1, &ctx);
 }
 
-static const char patch_id_usage[] = "git-patch-id < patch";
+static const char patch_id_usage[] = "git patch-id < patch";
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	if (argc != 1)
 		usage(patch_id_usage);
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	generate_id_list();
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/path.c b/path.c
index a074aea649..108d9e9599 100644
--- a/path.c
+++ b/path.c
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ int validate_headref(const char *path)
 	/* Make sure it is a "refs/.." symlink */
 	if (S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
 		len = readlink(path, buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1);
-		if (len >= 5 && !memcmp("refs/", buffer, 5))
+		if (len >= 11 && !memcmp("refs/heads/", buffer, 11))
 			return 0;
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ int validate_headref(const char *path)
 		len -= 4;
 		while (len && isspace(*buf))
 			buf++, len--;
-		if (len >= 5 && !memcmp("refs/", buf, 5))
+		if (len >= 11 && !memcmp("refs/heads/", buf, 11))
 			return 0;
 	}
 
diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c
index b1475ffa09..940ec76fdf 100644
--- a/read-cache.c
+++ b/read-cache.c
@@ -1574,6 +1574,26 @@ static void update_callback(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		default:
 			die("unexpected diff status %c", p->status);
 		case DIFF_STATUS_UNMERGED:
+			/*
+			 * ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL is unset if "git
+			 * add -u" is calling us, In such a case, a
+			 * missing work tree file needs to be removed
+			 * if there is an unmerged entry at stage #2,
+			 * but such a diff record is followed by
+			 * another with DIFF_STATUS_DELETED (and if
+			 * there is no stage #2, we won't see DELETED
+			 * nor MODIFIED).  We can simply continue
+			 * either way.
+			 */
+			if (!(data->flags & ADD_CACHE_IGNORE_REMOVAL))
+				continue;
+			/*
+			 * Otherwise, it is "git add path" is asking
+			 * to explicitly add it; we fall through.  A
+			 * missing work tree file is an error and is
+			 * caught by add_file_to_index() in such a
+			 * case.
+			 */
 		case DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED:
 		case DIFF_STATUS_TYPE_CHANGED:
 			if (add_file_to_index(&the_index, path, data->flags)) {
diff --git a/revision.c b/revision.c
index b0651845bf..8603c14581 100644
--- a/revision.c
+++ b/revision.c
@@ -183,8 +183,11 @@ static struct commit *handle_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct object *object
 		if (!tag->tagged)
 			die("bad tag");
 		object = parse_object(tag->tagged->sha1);
-		if (!object)
+		if (!object) {
+			if (flags & UNINTERESTING)
+				return NULL;
 			die("bad object %s", sha1_to_hex(tag->tagged->sha1));
+		}
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -479,9 +482,10 @@ static int add_parents_to_list(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit,
 		while (parent) {
 			struct commit *p = parent->item;
 			parent = parent->next;
+			if (p)
+				p->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 			if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
-				return -1;
-			p->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
+				continue;
 			if (p->parents)
 				mark_parents_uninteresting(p);
 			if (p->object.flags & SEEN)
diff --git a/run-command.c b/run-command.c
index db9ce59204..b05c734d05 100644
--- a/run-command.c
+++ b/run-command.c
@@ -118,7 +118,9 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 		} else {
 			execvp(cmd->argv[0], (char *const*) cmd->argv);
 		}
-		die("exec %s failed.", cmd->argv[0]);
+		trace_printf("trace: exec '%s' failed: %s\n", cmd->argv[0],
+				strerror(errno));
+		exit(127);
 	}
 #else
 	int s0 = -1, s1 = -1, s2 = -1;	/* backups of stdin, stdout, stderr */
@@ -187,6 +189,7 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 #endif
 
 	if (cmd->pid < 0) {
+		int err = errno;
 		if (need_in)
 			close_pair(fdin);
 		else if (cmd->in)
@@ -197,7 +200,9 @@ int start_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 			close(cmd->out);
 		if (need_err)
 			close_pair(fderr);
-		return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK;
+		return err == ENOENT ?
+			-ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC :
+			-ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK;
 	}
 
 	if (need_in)
@@ -236,9 +241,14 @@ static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid)
 		if (!WIFEXITED(status))
 			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT;
 		code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
-		if (code)
+		switch (code) {
+		case 127:
+			return -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_EXEC;
+		case 0:
+			return 0;
+		default:
 			return -code;
-		return 0;
+		}
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/run-command.h b/run-command.h
index 0211e1d471..15e870a65e 100644
--- a/run-command.h
+++ b/run-command.h
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ enum {
 	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_SIGNAL,
 	ERR_RUN_COMMAND_WAITPID_NOEXIT,
 };
+#define IS_RUN_COMMAND_ERR(x) ((x) <= -ERR_RUN_COMMAND_FORK)
 
 struct child_process {
 	const char **argv;
diff --git a/sigchain.c b/sigchain.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1118b99e57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sigchain.c
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+
+#define SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS 32
+
+struct sigchain_signal {
+	sigchain_fun *old;
+	int n;
+	int alloc;
+};
+static struct sigchain_signal signals[SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS];
+
+static void check_signum(int sig)
+{
+	if (sig < 1 || sig >= SIGCHAIN_MAX_SIGNALS)
+		die("BUG: signal out of range: %d", sig);
+}
+
+int sigchain_push(int sig, sigchain_fun f)
+{
+	struct sigchain_signal *s = signals + sig;
+	check_signum(sig);
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(s->old, s->n + 1, s->alloc);
+	s->old[s->n] = signal(sig, f);
+	if (s->old[s->n] == SIG_ERR)
+		return -1;
+	s->n++;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int sigchain_pop(int sig)
+{
+	struct sigchain_signal *s = signals + sig;
+	check_signum(sig);
+	if (s->n < 1)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (signal(sig, s->old[s->n - 1]) == SIG_ERR)
+		return -1;
+	s->n--;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void sigchain_push_common(sigchain_fun f)
+{
+	sigchain_push(SIGINT, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGHUP, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGQUIT, f);
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, f);
+}
diff --git a/sigchain.h b/sigchain.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..618083bce0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/sigchain.h
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#ifndef SIGCHAIN_H
+#define SIGCHAIN_H
+
+typedef void (*sigchain_fun)(int);
+
+int sigchain_push(int sig, sigchain_fun f);
+int sigchain_pop(int sig);
+
+void sigchain_push_common(sigchain_fun f);
+
+#endif /* SIGCHAIN_H */
diff --git a/t/t0005-signals.sh b/t/t0005-signals.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..09f855af3e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0005-signals.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='signals work as we expect'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >expect <<EOF
+three
+two
+one
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'sigchain works' '
+	test-sigchain >actual
+	case "$?" in
+	143) true ;; # POSIX w/ SIGTERM=15
+	  3) true ;; # Windows
+	  *) false ;;
+	esac &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..569f34177d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic symbolic-ref tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# If the tests munging HEAD fail, they can break detection of
+# the git repo, meaning that further tests will operate on
+# the surrounding git repo instead of the trash directory.
+reset_to_sane() {
+	echo ref: refs/heads/foo >.git/HEAD
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref writes HEAD' '
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/foo &&
+	echo ref: refs/heads/foo >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref reads HEAD' '
+	echo refs/heads/foo >expect &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref refuses non-ref for HEAD' '
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD foo
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref refuses non-branch for HEAD' '
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/foo
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref refuses bare sha1' '
+	echo content >file && git add file && git commit -m one
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref HEAD `git rev-parse HEAD`
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1450-fsck.sh b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000000..4597af0eb6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git fsck random collection of tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_commit A fileA one &&
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	test_commit B fileB two &&
+	git tag -d A B &&
+	git reflog expire --expire=now --all
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'HEAD is part of refs' '
+	test 0 = $(git fsck | wc -l)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'loose objects borrowed from alternate are not missing' '
+	mkdir another &&
+	(
+		cd another &&
+		git init &&
+		echo ../../../.git/objects >.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+		test_commit C fileC one &&
+		git fsck >out &&
+		! grep "missing blob" out
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2200-add-update.sh b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
index cd9231cf61..b2ddf5ace3 100755
--- a/t/t2200-add-update.sh
+++ b/t/t2200-add-update.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ and issues a git add -u with path limiting on "dir" to add
 only the updates to dir/sub.
 
 Also tested are "git add -u" without limiting, and "git add -u"
-without contents changes.'
+without contents changes, and other conditions'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -128,4 +128,52 @@ test_expect_success 'add -n -u should not add but just report' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'add -u resolves unmerged paths' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	one=$(echo 1 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	two=$(echo 2 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	three=$(echo 3 | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	{
+		for path in path1 path2
+		do
+			echo "100644 $one 1	$path"
+			echo "100644 $two 2	$path"
+			echo "100644 $three 3	$path"
+		done
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path3"
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path4"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path5"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path6"
+	} |
+	git update-index --index-info &&
+	echo 3 >path1 &&
+	echo 2 >path3 &&
+	echo 2 >path5 &&
+	git add -u &&
+	git ls-files -s "path?" >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "100644 $three 0	path1"
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path3"
+		echo "100644 $one 1	path4"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path5"
+		echo "100644 $one 3	path6"
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	# Bonus tests.  Explicit resolving
+	git add path3 path5 &&
+	test_must_fail git add path4 &&
+	test_must_fail git add path6 &&
+	git rm path4 &&
+	git rm path6 &&
+
+	git ls-files -s "path?" >actual &&
+	{
+		echo "100644 $three 0	path1"
+		echo "100644 $two 0	path3"
+		echo "100644 $two 0	path5"
+	} >expect
+
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
index 3592403af7..603b003edf 100755
--- a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -433,4 +433,30 @@ test_expect_success 'do "noop" when there is nothing to cherry-pick' '
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule rebase setup' '
+	git checkout A &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	(
+		cd sub && git init && >elif &&
+		git add elif && git commit -m "submodule initial"
+	) &&
+	echo 1 >file1 &&
+	git add file1 sub
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "One" &&
+	echo 2 >file1 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "Two" &&
+	(
+		cd sub && echo 3 >elif &&
+		git commit -a -m "submodule second"
+	) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a -m "Three changes submodule"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule rebase -i' '
+	FAKE_LINES="1 squash 2 3" git rebase -i A
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
index 9fc528fdea..5869061c5b 100755
--- a/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
+++ b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
@@ -6,6 +6,12 @@ Tests if git rebase --root --onto <newparent> can rebase the root commit.
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+log_with_names () {
+	git rev-list --topo-order --parents --pretty="tformat:%s" HEAD |
+	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs=refs/heads/$1
+}
+
+
 test_expect_success 'prepare repository' '
 	test_commit 1 A &&
 	test_commit 2 A &&
@@ -59,7 +65,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (2)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root --onto <newbase>' '
 	git checkout -b work3 other &&
-	GIT_EDITOR=: git rebase -i --root --onto master &&
+	git rebase -i --root --onto master &&
 	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased3 &&
 	test_cmp expect rebased3
 '
@@ -70,7 +76,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (3)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root --onto <newbase> <branch>' '
 	git branch work4 other &&
-	GIT_EDITOR=: git rebase -i --root --onto master work4 &&
+	git rebase -i --root --onto master work4 &&
 	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased4 &&
 	test_cmp expect rebased4
 '
@@ -81,7 +87,7 @@ test_expect_success 'pre-rebase got correct input (4)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p with linear history' '
 	git checkout -b work5 other &&
-	GIT_EDITOR=: git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
 	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased5 &&
 	test_cmp expect rebased5
 '
@@ -98,21 +104,25 @@ test_expect_success 'set up merge history' '
 	git merge side
 '
 
-sed 's/#/ /g' > expect-side <<'EOF'
-*   Merge branch 'side' into other
-|\##
-| * 5
-* | 4
-|/##
-* 3
-* 2
-* 1
+cat > expect-side <<'EOF'
+commit work6 work6~1 work6^2
+Merge branch 'side' into other
+commit work6^2 work6~2
+5
+commit work6~1 work6~2
+4
+commit work6~2 work6~3
+3
+commit work6~3 work6~4
+2
+commit work6~4
+1
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p with merge' '
 	git checkout -b work6 other &&
-	GIT_EDITOR=: git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
-	git log --graph --topo-order --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased6 &&
+	git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	log_with_names work6 > rebased6 &&
 	test_cmp expect-side rebased6
 '
 
@@ -125,25 +135,29 @@ test_expect_success 'set up second root and merge' '
 	git merge third
 '
 
-sed 's/#/ /g' > expect-third <<'EOF'
-*   Merge branch 'third' into other
-|\##
-| * 6
-* |   Merge branch 'side' into other
-|\ \##
-| * | 5
-* | | 4
-|/ /##
-* | 3
-|/##
-* 2
-* 1
+cat > expect-third <<'EOF'
+commit work7 work7~1 work7^2
+Merge branch 'third' into other
+commit work7^2 work7~4
+6
+commit work7~1 work7~2 work7~1^2
+Merge branch 'side' into other
+commit work7~1^2 work7~3
+5
+commit work7~2 work7~3
+4
+commit work7~3 work7~4
+3
+commit work7~4 work7~5
+2
+commit work7~5
+1
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p with two roots' '
 	git checkout -b work7 other &&
-	GIT_EDITOR=: git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
-	git log --graph --topo-order --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased7 &&
+	git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
+	log_with_names work7 > rebased7 &&
 	test_cmp expect-third rebased7
 '
 
@@ -158,22 +172,14 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase' '
 	git checkout -b stops1 other &&
-	(
-		GIT_EDITOR=:
-		export GIT_EDITOR
-		test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master
-	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master &&
 	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/stops1
 	test 0 = $(git rev-list other...stops1 | wc -l)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'pre-rebase hook stops rebase -i' '
 	git checkout -b stops2 other &&
-	(
-		GIT_EDITOR=:
-		export GIT_EDITOR
-		test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master
-	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --root --onto master &&
 	test "z$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" = zrefs/heads/stops2
 	test 0 = $(git rev-list other...stops2 | wc -l)
 '
@@ -218,11 +224,7 @@ test_expect_success 'rebase --root with conflict (second part)' '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root with conflict (first part)' '
 	git checkout -b conflict2 other &&
-	(
-		GIT_EDITOR=:
-		export GIT_EDITOR
-		test_must_fail git rebase -i --root --onto master
-	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i --root --onto master &&
 	git ls-files -u | grep "B$"
 '
 
@@ -260,11 +262,7 @@ EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p --root with conflict (first part)' '
 	git checkout -b conflict3 other &&
-	(
-		GIT_EDITOR=:
-		export GIT_EDITOR
-		test_must_fail git rebase -i -p --root --onto master
-	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i -p --root --onto master &&
 	git ls-files -u | grep "B$"
 '
 
@@ -275,8 +273,7 @@ test_expect_success 'fix the conflict' '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase -i -p --root with conflict (second part)' '
 	git rebase --continue &&
-	git rev-list --topo-order --parents --pretty="tformat:%s" HEAD |
-	git name-rev --stdin --name-only --refs=refs/heads/conflict3 >out &&
+	log_with_names conflict3 >out &&
 	test_cmp expect-conflict-p out
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
index 02efecae3a..9055c8b318 100755
--- a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
@@ -82,4 +82,11 @@ test_expect_success \
     git diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
     compare_diff_patch current expected'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'diff symlinks with non-existing targets' \
+    'ln -s narf pinky &&
+    ln -s take\ over brain &&
+    test_must_fail git diff --no-index pinky brain > output 2> output.err &&
+    grep narf output &&
+    ! grep error output.err'
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh b/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
index 2f27a0ba9e..a3f0897a52 100755
--- a/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
+++ b/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ cat >expect.typechange <<'EOF'
 -1
 diff --git a/file b/file
 new file mode 120000
-index ad8b3d2..67be421
+index 0000000..67be421
 --- /dev/null
 +++ b/file
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
diff --git a/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh b/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh
index 55334927ab..0f185caa44 100755
--- a/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh
+++ b/t/t4114-apply-typechange.sh
@@ -25,6 +25,10 @@ test_expect_success 'setup repository and commits' '
 	git update-index foo &&
 	git commit -m "foo back to file" &&
 	git branch foo-back-to-file &&
+	printf "\0" > foo &&
+	git update-index foo &&
+	git commit -m "foo becomes binary" &&
+	git branch foo-becomes-binary &&
 	rm -f foo &&
 	git update-index --remove foo &&
 	mkdir foo &&
@@ -85,6 +89,20 @@ test_expect_success 'symlink becomes file' '
 	'
 test_debug 'cat patch'
 
+test_expect_success 'binary file becomes symlink' '
+	git checkout -f foo-becomes-binary &&
+	git diff-tree -p --binary HEAD foo-symlinked-to-bar > patch &&
+	git apply --index < patch
+	'
+test_debug 'cat patch'
+
+test_expect_success 'symlink becomes binary file' '
+	git checkout -f foo-symlinked-to-bar &&
+	git diff-tree -p --binary HEAD foo-becomes-binary > patch &&
+	git apply --index < patch
+	'
+test_debug 'cat patch'
+
 
 test_expect_success 'symlink becomes directory' '
 	git checkout -f foo-symlinked-to-bar &&
diff --git a/t/t4150-am.sh b/t/t4150-am.sh
index 796f795267..5e65afa0c1 100755
--- a/t/t4150-am.sh
+++ b/t/t4150-am.sh
@@ -257,4 +257,37 @@ test_expect_success 'am works from file (absolute path given) in subdirectory' '
 	test -z "$(git diff second)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am --committer-date-is-author-date' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am --committer-date-is-author-date patch1 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "/^$/q" >head1 &&
+	at=$(sed -ne "/^author /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	ct=$(sed -ne "/^committer /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	test "$at" = "$ct"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am without --committer-date-is-author-date' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am patch1 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "/^$/q" >head1 &&
+	at=$(sed -ne "/^author /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	ct=$(sed -ne "/^committer /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	test "$at" != "$ct"
+'
+
+# This checks for +0000 because TZ is set to UTC and that should
+# show up when the current time is used. The date in message is set
+# by test_tick that uses -0700 timezone; if this feature does not
+# work, we will see that instead of +0000.
+test_expect_success 'am --ignore-date' '
+	git checkout first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git am --ignore-date patch1 &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "/^$/q" >head1 &&
+	at=$(sed -ne "/^author /s/.*> //p" head1) &&
+	echo "$at" | grep "+0000"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh b/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
index fe14589427..e70ea94a13 100755
--- a/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
+++ b/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ test_expect_success 'split sample box' \
 	'git mailsplit -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/sample.mbox >last &&
 	last=`cat last` &&
 	echo total is $last &&
-	test `cat last` = 11'
+	test `cat last` = 13'
 
 for mail in `echo 00*`
 do
@@ -26,6 +26,28 @@ do
 	'
 done
 
+
+test_expect_success 'split box with rfc2047 samples' \
+	'mkdir rfc2047 &&
+	git mailsplit -orfc2047 "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox \
+	  >rfc2047/last &&
+	last=`cat rfc2047/last` &&
+	echo total is $last &&
+	test `cat rfc2047/last` = 11'
+
+for mail in `echo rfc2047/00*`
+do
+	test_expect_success "mailinfo $mail" '
+		git mailinfo -u $mail-msg $mail-patch <$mail >$mail-info &&
+		echo msg &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/empty $mail-msg &&
+		echo patch &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/empty $mail-patch &&
+		echo info &&
+		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/rfc2047-info-$(basename $mail) $mail-info
+	'
+done
+
 test_expect_success 'respect NULs' '
 
 	git mailsplit -d3 -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-plain &&
diff --git a/t/t5100/empty b/t/t5100/empty
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0001 b/t/t5100/info0001
index 8c052777e0..f951538acc 100644
--- a/t/t5100/info0001
+++ b/t/t5100/info0001
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-Author: A U Thor
+Author: A (zzz) U Thor (Comment)
 Email: a.u.thor@example.com
 Subject: a commit.
 Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0012 b/t/t5100/info0012
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..ac1216ff75
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0012
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: Dmitriy Blinov
+Email: bda@mnsspb.ru
+Subject: Изменён список пакетов необходимых для сборки
+Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2008 17:54:41 +0300
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0013 b/t/t5100/info0013
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..bbe049e20e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0013
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: A U Thor
+Email: a.u.thor@example.com
+Subject: a patch
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0012 b/t/t5100/msg0012
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1dc2bf7f7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0012
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+textlive-* исправлены на texlive-*
+docutils заменён на python-docutils
+
+Действительно, оказалось, что rest2web вытягивает за собой
+python-docutils. В то время как сам rest2web не нужен.
+
+Signed-off-by: Dmitriy Blinov <bda@mnsspb.ru>
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0013 b/t/t5100/msg0013
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0012 b/t/t5100/patch0012
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..36a0b68161
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0012
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+---
+ howto/build_navy.txt |    6 +++---
+ 1 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/howto/build_navy.txt b/howto/build_navy.txt
+index 3fd3afb..0ee807e 100644
+--- a/howto/build_navy.txt
++++ b/howto/build_navy.txt
+@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@
+    - libxv-dev
+    - libusplash-dev
+    - latex-make
+-   - textlive-lang-cyrillic
+-   - textlive-latex-extra
++   - texlive-lang-cyrillic
++   - texlive-latex-extra
+    - dia
+    - python-pyrex
+    - libtool
+@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
+    - sox
+    - cython
+    - imagemagick
+-   - docutils
++   - python-docutils
+ 
+ #. на машине dinar: добавить свой открытый ssh-ключ в authorized_keys2 пользователя ddev
+ #. на своей машине: отредактировать /etc/sudoers (команда ``visudo``) примерно следующим образом::
+-- 
+1.5.6.5
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0013 b/t/t5100/patch0013
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..e69de29bb2
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0001 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0001
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a383b07e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0001
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Keith Moore
+Email: moore@cs.utk.edu
+Subject: If you can read this you understand the example.
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0002 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0002
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..881be75d6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0002
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Olle Järnefors
+Email: ojarnef@admin.kth.se
+Subject: Time for ISO 10646?
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0003 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0003
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..d0f789177c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0003
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Patrik Fältström
+Email: paf@nada.kth.se
+Subject: RFC-HDR care and feeding
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0004 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0004
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..f67a90a974
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0004
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+Author: Nathaniel Borenstein (םולש ןב ילטפנ)
+Email: nsb@thumper.bellcore.com
+Subject: Test of new header generator
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0005 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0005
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..c27be3bf24
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0005
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0006 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0006
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9dad474456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0006
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a b)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0007 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0007
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..294f195a57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0007
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (ab)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0008 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0008
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..294f195a57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0008
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (ab)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0009 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0009
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..294f195a57
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0009
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (ab)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0010 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0010
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9dad474456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0010
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a b)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0011 b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0011
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..9dad474456
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-info-0011
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+Subject: (a b)
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox b/t/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..3ca2470da2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/rfc2047-samples.mbox
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: =?US-ASCII?Q?Keith_Moore?= <moore@cs.utk.edu>
+To: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Keld_J=F8rn_Simonsen?= <keld@dkuug.dk>
+CC: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Andr=E9?= Pirard <PIRARD@vm1.ulg.ac.be>
+Subject: =?ISO-8859-1?B?SWYgeW91IGNhbiByZWFkIHRoaXMgeW8=?=
+ =?ISO-8859-2?B?dSB1bmRlcnN0YW5kIHRoZSBleGFtcGxlLg==?=
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Olle_J=E4rnefors?= <ojarnef@admin.kth.se>
+To: ietf-822@dimacs.rutgers.edu, ojarnef@admin.kth.se
+Subject: Time for ISO 10646?
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+To: Dave Crocker <dcrocker@mordor.stanford.edu>
+Cc: ietf-822@dimacs.rutgers.edu, paf@comsol.se
+From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Patrik_F=E4ltstr=F6m?= <paf@nada.kth.se>
+Subject: Re: RFC-HDR care and feeding
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: Nathaniel Borenstein <nsb@thumper.bellcore.com>
+      (=?iso-8859-8?b?7eXs+SDv4SDp7Oj08A==?=)
+To: Greg Vaudreuil <gvaudre@NRI.Reston.VA.US>, Ned Freed
+   <ned@innosoft.com>, Keith Moore <moore@cs.utk.edu>
+Subject: Test of new header generator
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?a?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?a?= b)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?a?= =?ISO-8859-1?Q?b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?a?=  =?ISO-8859-1?Q?b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?a?=
+    =?ISO-8859-1?Q?b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?a_b?=)
+
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+Subject: (=?ISO-8859-1?Q?a?= =?ISO-8859-2?Q?_b?=)
diff --git a/t/t5100/sample.mbox b/t/t5100/sample.mbox
index 4bf7947b41..c5ad206b40 100644
--- a/t/t5100/sample.mbox
+++ b/t/t5100/sample.mbox
@@ -2,7 +2,10 @@
 	
     
 From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
-From: A U Thor <a.u.thor@example.com>
+From: A (zzz)
+      U
+      Thor
+      <a.u.thor@example.com> (Comment)
 Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
 Subject: [PATCH] a commit.
 
@@ -501,3 +504,60 @@ index 3e5fe51..aabfe5c 100644
 
 --=-=-=--
 
+From bda@mnsspb.ru Wed Nov 12 17:54:41 2008
+From: Dmitriy Blinov <bda@mnsspb.ru>
+To: navy-patches@dinar.mns.mnsspb.ru
+Date: Wed, 12 Nov 2008 17:54:41 +0300
+Message-Id: <1226501681-24923-1-git-send-email-bda@mnsspb.ru>
+X-Mailer: git-send-email 1.5.6.5
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: text/plain;
+  charset=utf-8
+Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
+Subject: [Navy-patches] [PATCH]
+	=?utf-8?b?0JjQt9C80LXQvdGR0L0g0YHQv9C40YHQvtC6INC/0LA=?=
+	=?utf-8?b?0LrQtdGC0L7QsiDQvdC10L7QsdGF0L7QtNC40LzRi9GFINC00LvRjyA=?=
+	=?utf-8?b?0YHQsdC+0YDQutC4?=
+
+textlive-* исправлены на texlive-*
+docutils заменён на python-docutils
+
+Действительно, оказалось, что rest2web вытягивает за собой
+python-docutils. В то время как сам rest2web не нужен.
+
+Signed-off-by: Dmitriy Blinov <bda@mnsspb.ru>
+---
+ howto/build_navy.txt |    6 +++---
+ 1 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
+
+diff --git a/howto/build_navy.txt b/howto/build_navy.txt
+index 3fd3afb..0ee807e 100644
+--- a/howto/build_navy.txt
++++ b/howto/build_navy.txt
+@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@
+    - libxv-dev
+    - libusplash-dev
+    - latex-make
+-   - textlive-lang-cyrillic
+-   - textlive-latex-extra
++   - texlive-lang-cyrillic
++   - texlive-latex-extra
+    - dia
+    - python-pyrex
+    - libtool
+@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
+    - sox
+    - cython
+    - imagemagick
+-   - docutils
++   - python-docutils
+ 
+ #. на машине dinar: добавить свой открытый ssh-ключ в authorized_keys2 пользователя ddev
+ #. на своей машине: отредактировать /etc/sudoers (команда ``visudo``) примерно следующим образом::
+-- 
+1.5.6.5
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: <a.u.thor@example.com> (A U Thor)
+Date: Fri, 9 Jun 2006 00:44:16 -0700
+Subject: [PATCH] a patch
+
diff --git a/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh b/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
index 6dfc55ad61..96be5236a2 100755
--- a/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
+++ b/t/t5519-push-alternates.sh
@@ -103,4 +103,41 @@ test_expect_success 'bob works and pushes' '
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'alice works and pushes yet again' '
+	(
+		# Alice does not care what Bob does.  She does not
+		# even have to be aware of his existence.  She just
+		# keeps working and pushing
+		cd alice-work &&
+		echo more and more alice >file &&
+		git commit -a -m sixth.1 &&
+		echo more and more alice >>file &&
+		git commit -a -m sixth.2 &&
+		echo more and more alice >>file &&
+		git commit -a -m sixth.3 &&
+		git push ../alice-pub
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bob works and pushes again' '
+	(
+		cd alice-pub &&
+		git cat-file commit master >../bob-work/commit
+	)
+	(
+		# This time Bob does not pull from Alice, and
+		# the master branch at her public repository points
+		# at a commit Bob does not fully know about, but
+		# he happens to have the commit object (but not the
+		# necessary tree) in his repository from Alice.
+		# This should not prevent the push by Bob from
+		# succeeding.
+		cd bob-work &&
+		git hash-object -t commit -w commit &&
+		echo even more bob >file &&
+		git commit -a -m seventh &&
+		git push ../bob-pub
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7001-mv.sh b/t/t7001-mv.sh
index ef2e78f9df..8fb3a56838 100755
--- a/t/t7001-mv.sh
+++ b/t/t7001-mv.sh
@@ -55,9 +55,17 @@ test_expect_success \
      git mv -k untracked1 untracked2 path0 &&
      test -f untracked1 &&
      test -f untracked2 &&
-     test ! -f path0/untracked1
+     test ! -f path0/untracked1 &&
      test ! -f path0/untracked2'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'checking -f on untracked file with existing target' \
+    'touch path0/untracked1 &&
+     git mv -f untracked1 path0
+     test ! -f .git/index.lock &&
+     test -f untracked1 &&
+     test -f path0/untracked1'
+
 # clean up the mess in case bad things happen
 rm -f idontexist untracked1 untracked2 \
      path0/idontexist path0/untracked1 path0/untracked2 \
diff --git a/t/t7004-tag.sh b/t/t7004-tag.sh
index f377fea4bb..69501e2711 100755
--- a/t/t7004-tag.sh
+++ b/t/t7004-tag.sh
@@ -1090,6 +1090,121 @@ test_expect_success 'filename for the message is relative to cwd' '
 	git cat-file tag tag-from-subdir-2 | grep "in sub directory"
 '
 
+# create a few more commits to test --contains
+
+hash1=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+test_expect_success 'creating second commit and tag' '
+	echo foo-2.0 >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m second
+	git tag v2.0
+'
+
+hash2=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+test_expect_success 'creating third commit without tag' '
+	echo foo-dev >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m third
+'
+
+hash3=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+# simple linear checks of --continue
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+v2.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (hash)' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash1 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+# other ways of specifying the commit
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (tag)' "
+	git tag -l --contains v1.0 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that first commit is in all tags (relative)' "
+	git tag -l --contains HEAD~2 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v2.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that second commit only has one tag' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash2 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that third commit has no tags' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+# how about a simple merge?
+
+test_expect_success 'creating simple branch' '
+	git branch stable v2.0 &&
+        git checkout stable &&
+	echo foo-3.0 > foo &&
+	git commit foo -m fourth
+	git tag v3.0
+'
+
+hash4=$(git rev-parse HEAD)
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v3.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that branch head only has one tag' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash4 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'merging original branch into this branch' '
+	git merge --strategy=ours master &&
+        git tag v4.0
+'
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v4.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that original branch head has one tag now' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash3 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+v0.2.1
+v1.0
+v1.0.1
+v1.1.3
+v2.0
+v3.0
+v4.0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'checking that initial commit is in all tags' "
+	git tag -l --contains $hash1 v* >actual
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+
 # mixing modes and options:
 
 test_expect_success 'mixing incompatibles modes and options is forbidden' '
diff --git a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
index 09fa5f115c..e768c3eb2d 100755
--- a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
+++ b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
@@ -9,38 +9,81 @@ Testing basic merge tool invocation'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+# All the mergetool test work by checking out a temporary branch based
+# off 'branch1' and then merging in master and checking the results of
+# running mergetool
+
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
     echo master >file1 &&
-    git add file1 &&
+    mkdir subdir &&
+    echo master sub >subdir/file3 &&
+    git add file1 subdir/file3 &&
     git commit -m "added file1" &&
+
     git checkout -b branch1 master &&
     echo branch1 change >file1 &&
     echo branch1 newfile >file2 &&
-    git add file1 file2 &&
+    echo branch1 sub >subdir/file3 &&
+    git add file1 file2 subdir/file3 &&
     git commit -m "branch1 changes" &&
-    git checkout -b branch2 master &&
-    echo branch2 change >file1 &&
-    echo branch2 newfile >file2 &&
-    git add file1 file2 &&
-    git commit -m "branch2 changes" &&
+
     git checkout master &&
     echo master updated >file1 &&
     echo master new >file2 &&
-    git add file1 file2 &&
-    git commit -m "master updates"
-'
+    echo master new sub >subdir/file3 &&
+    git add file1 file2 subdir/file3 &&
+    git commit -m "master updates" &&
 
-test_expect_success 'custom mergetool' '
     git config merge.tool mytool &&
     git config mergetool.mytool.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\" >\"\$MERGED\"" &&
-    git config mergetool.mytool.trustExitCode true &&
-	git checkout branch1 &&
+    git config mergetool.mytool.trustExitCode true
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'custom mergetool' '
+    git checkout -b test1 branch1 &&
     test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
-    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1>/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
-    ( yes "" | git mergetool file2>/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     test "$(cat file1)" = "master updated" &&
     test "$(cat file2)" = "master new" &&
-	git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool"
+    test "$(cat subdir/file3)" = "master new sub" &&
+    git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'mergetool crlf' '
+    git config core.autocrlf true &&
+    git checkout -b test2 branch1
+    test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    test "$(printf x | cat file1 -)" = "$(printf "master updated\r\nx")" &&
+    test "$(printf x | cat file2 -)" = "$(printf "master new\r\nx")" &&
+    test "$(printf x | cat subdir/file3 -)" = "$(printf "master new sub\r\nx")" &&
+    git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool - autocrlf" &&
+    git config core.autocrlf false &&
+    git reset --hard
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mergetool in subdir' '
+    git checkout -b test3 branch1
+    cd subdir && (
+    test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    test "$(cat file3)" = "master new sub" )
+'
+
+# We can't merge files from parent directories when running mergetool
+# from a subdir. Is this a bug?
+#
+#test_expect_failure 'mergetool in subdir' '
+#    cd subdir && (
+#    ( yes "" | git mergetool ../file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+#    ( yes "" | git mergetool ../file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+#    test "$(cat ../file1)" = "master updated" &&
+#    test "$(cat ../file2)" = "master new" &&
+#    git commit -m "branch1 resolved with mergetool - subdir" )
+#'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/test-lib.sh b/t/test-lib.sh
index c1839f70b9..6f6244ab7e 100644
--- a/t/test-lib.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib.sh
@@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ test_tick () {
 # Both <file> and <contents> default to <message>.
 
 test_commit () {
-	file=${2:-$(echo "$1" | tr 'A-Z' 'a-z')}
+	file=${2:-"$1.t"}
 	echo "${3-$1}" > "$file" &&
 	git add "$file" &&
 	test_tick &&
diff --git a/test-dump-cache-tree.c b/test-dump-cache-tree.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..1f73f1ea7d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-dump-cache-tree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
+
+
+static void dump_one(struct cache_tree *it, const char *pfx, const char *x)
+{
+	if (it->entry_count < 0)
+		printf("%-40s %s%s (%d subtrees)\n",
+		       "invalid", x, pfx, it->subtree_nr);
+	else
+		printf("%s %s%s (%d entries, %d subtrees)\n",
+		       sha1_to_hex(it->sha1), x, pfx,
+		       it->entry_count, it->subtree_nr);
+}
+
+static int dump_cache_tree(struct cache_tree *it,
+			   struct cache_tree *ref,
+			   const char *pfx)
+{
+	int i;
+	int errs = 0;
+
+	if (!it || !ref)
+		/* missing in either */
+		return 0;
+
+	if (it->entry_count < 0) {
+		dump_one(it, pfx, "");
+		dump_one(ref, pfx, "#(ref) ");
+		if (it->subtree_nr != ref->subtree_nr)
+			errs = 1;
+	}
+	else {
+		dump_one(it, pfx, "");
+		if (hashcmp(it->sha1, ref->sha1) ||
+		    ref->entry_count != it->entry_count ||
+		    ref->subtree_nr != it->subtree_nr) {
+			dump_one(ref, pfx, "#(ref) ");
+			errs = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; i < it->subtree_nr; i++) {
+		char path[PATH_MAX];
+		struct cache_tree_sub *down = it->down[i];
+		struct cache_tree_sub *rdwn;
+
+		rdwn = cache_tree_sub(ref, down->name);
+		sprintf(path, "%s%.*s/", pfx, down->namelen, down->name);
+		if (dump_cache_tree(down->cache_tree, rdwn->cache_tree, path))
+			errs = 1;
+	}
+	return errs;
+}
+
+int main(int ac, char **av)
+{
+	struct cache_tree *another = cache_tree();
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die("unable to read index file");
+	cache_tree_update(another, active_cache, active_nr, 0, 1);
+	return dump_cache_tree(active_cache_tree, another, "");
+}
diff --git a/test-sigchain.c b/test-sigchain.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..42db234e87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-sigchain.c
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+
+#define X(f) \
+static void f(int sig) { \
+	puts(#f); \
+	fflush(stdout); \
+	sigchain_pop(sig); \
+	raise(sig); \
+}
+X(one)
+X(two)
+X(three)
+#undef X
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, one);
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, two);
+	sigchain_push(SIGTERM, three);
+	raise(SIGTERM);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/unpack-file.c b/unpack-file.c
index bcdc8bbb3b..75cd2f1a6a 100644
--- a/unpack-file.c
+++ b/unpack-file.c
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "blob.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static char *create_temp_file(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
@@ -25,8 +26,10 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	if (argc != 2)
-		usage("git-unpack-file <sha1>");
+		usage("git unpack-file <sha1>");
 	if (get_sha1(argv[1], sha1))
 		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
 
diff --git a/unpack-trees.c b/unpack-trees.c
index 16bc2ca9eb..e547282ed5 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.c
+++ b/unpack-trees.c
@@ -240,8 +240,11 @@ static struct cache_entry *create_ce_entry(const struct traverse_info *info, con
 	return ce;
 }
 
-static int unpack_nondirectories(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, struct cache_entry *src[5],
-	const struct name_entry *names, const struct traverse_info *info)
+static int unpack_nondirectories(int n, unsigned long mask,
+				 unsigned long dirmask,
+				 struct cache_entry **src,
+				 const struct name_entry *names,
+				 const struct traverse_info *info)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct unpack_trees_options *o = info->data;
@@ -291,7 +294,7 @@ static int unpack_nondirectories(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmas
 
 static int unpack_callback(int n, unsigned long mask, unsigned long dirmask, struct name_entry *names, struct traverse_info *info)
 {
-	struct cache_entry *src[5] = { NULL, };
+	struct cache_entry *src[MAX_UNPACK_TREES + 1] = { NULL, };
 	struct unpack_trees_options *o = info->data;
 	const struct name_entry *p = names;
 
diff --git a/update-server-info.c b/update-server-info.c
index 7e8209ea4b..7b38fd867b 100644
--- a/update-server-info.c
+++ b/update-server-info.c
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char update_server_info_usage[] =
 "git update-server-info [--force]";
@@ -19,6 +20,8 @@ int main(int ac, char **av)
 	if (i != ac)
 		usage(update_server_info_usage);
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(av[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory();
 
 	return !!update_server_info(force);
diff --git a/upload-pack.c b/upload-pack.c
index e5adbc011e..19c24db643 100644
--- a/upload-pack.c
+++ b/upload-pack.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include "list-objects.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 
-static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git-upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=nn] <dir>";
+static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=nn] <dir>";
 
 /* bits #0..7 in revision.h, #8..10 in commit.c */
 #define THEY_HAVE	(1u << 11)
@@ -616,6 +616,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 	int i;
 	int strict = 0;
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		char *arg = argv[i];
 
diff --git a/utf8.c b/utf8.c
index dc3735364f..ddfdc5e2b8 100644
--- a/utf8.c
+++ b/utf8.c
@@ -246,6 +246,25 @@ int utf8_width(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p)
 	return git_wcwidth(ch);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Returns the total number of columns required by a null-terminated
+ * string, assuming that the string is utf8.  Returns strlen() instead
+ * if the string does not look like a valid utf8 string.
+ */
+int utf8_strwidth(const char *string)
+{
+	int width = 0;
+	const char *orig = string;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (!string)
+			return strlen(orig);
+		if (!*string)
+			return width;
+		width += utf8_width(&string, NULL);
+	}
+}
+
 int is_utf8(const char *text)
 {
 	while (*text) {
diff --git a/utf8.h b/utf8.h
index 98cce1b038..2f1b14ff49 100644
--- a/utf8.h
+++ b/utf8.h
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ typedef unsigned int ucs_char_t;  /* assuming 32bit int */
 
 ucs_char_t pick_one_utf8_char(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p);
 int utf8_width(const char **start, size_t *remainder_p);
+int utf8_strwidth(const char *string);
 int is_utf8(const char *text);
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name);
 
diff --git a/var.c b/var.c
index f1eb314e89..7362ed8735 100644
--- a/var.c
+++ b/var.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) Eric Biederman, 2005
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
 
 static const char var_usage[] = "git var [-l | <variable>]";
 
@@ -56,6 +57,8 @@ int main(int argc, char **argv)
 		usage(var_usage);
 	}
 
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+
 	setup_git_directory_gently(&nongit);
 	val = NULL;