1Git 2.14 Release Notes 2====================== 3 4Backward compatibility notes. 5 6 * Use of an empty string as a pathspec element that is used for 7 'everything matches' is still warned and Git asks users to use a 8 more explicit '.' for that instead. The hope is that existing 9 users will not mind this change, and eventually the warning can be 10 turned into a hard error, upgrading the deprecation into removal of 11 this (mis)feature. That is not scheduled to happen in the upcoming 12 release (yet). 13 14 * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup 15 sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository. A corner case that 16 happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG"). 17 We've tried hard to locate such cases and fixed them, but there 18 might still be cases that need to be addressed--bug reports are 19 greatly appreciated. 20 21 * The experiment to improve the hunk-boundary selection of textual 22 diff output has finished, and the "indent heuristics" has now 23 become the default. 24 25 26Updates since v2.13 27------------------- 28 29UI, Workflows & Features 30 31 * The colors in which "git status --short --branch" showed the names 32 of the current branch and its remote-tracking branch are now 33 configurable. 34 35 * "git clone" learned the "--no-tags" option not to fetch all tags 36 initially, and also set up the tagopt not to follow any tags in 37 subsequent fetches. 38 39 * "git archive --format=zip" learned to use zip64 extension when 40 necessary to go beyond the 4GB limit. 41 42 * "git reset" learned "--recurse-submodules" option. 43 44 * "git diff --submodule=diff" now recurses into nested submodules. 45 46 * "git repack" learned to accept the --threads=<n> option and pass it 47 to pack-objects. 48 49 * "git send-email" learned to run sendemail-validate hook to inspect 50 and reject a message before sending it out. 51 52 * There is no good reason why "git fetch $there $sha1" should fail 53 when the $sha1 names an object at the tip of an advertised ref, 54 even when the other side hasn't enabled allowTipSHA1InWant. 55 56 * The recently introduced "[includeIf "gitdir:$dir"] path=..." 57 mechanism has further been taught to take symlinks into account. 58 The directory "$dir" specified in "gitdir:$dir" may be a symlink to 59 a real location, not something that $(getcwd) may return. In such 60 a case, a realpath of "$dir" is compared with the real path of the 61 current repository to determine if the contents from the named path 62 should be included. 63 64 * Make the "indent" heuristics the default in "diff" and diff.indentHeuristics 65 configuration variable an escape hatch for those who do no want it. 66 67 * Many commands learned to pay attention to submodule.recurse 68 configuration. 69 70 * The convention for a command line is to follow "git cmdname 71 --options" with revisions followed by an optional "--" 72 disambiguator and then finally pathspecs. When "--" is not there, 73 we make sure early ones are all interpretable as revs (and do not 74 look like paths) and later ones are the other way around. A 75 pathspec with "magic" (e.g. ":/p/a/t/h" that matches p/a/t/h from 76 the top-level of the working tree, no matter what subdirectory you 77 are working from) are conservatively judged as "not a path", which 78 required disambiguation more often. The command line parser 79 learned to say "it's a pathspec" a bit more often when the syntax 80 looks like so. 81 82 * Update "perl-compatible regular expression" support to enable JIT 83 and also allow linking with the newer PCRE v2 library. 84 85 * "filter-branch" learned a pseudo filter "--setup" that can be used 86 to define common functions/variables that can be used by other 87 filters. 88 89 * Using "git add d/i/r" when d/i/r is the top of the working tree of 90 a separate repository would create a gitlink in the index, which 91 would appear as a not-quite-initialized submodule to others. We 92 learned to give warnings when this happens. 93 94 * "git status" learned to optionally give how many stash entries the 95 user has in its output. 96 97 * "git status" has long shown essentially the same message as "git 98 commit"; the message it gives while preparing for the root commit, 99 i.e. "Initial commit", was hard to understand for some new users. 100 Now it says "No commits yet" to stress more on the current status 101 (rather than the commit the user is preparing for, which is more in 102 line with the focus of "git commit"). 103 104 * "git send-email" learned to overcome some SMTP server limitation 105 that does not allow many pieces of e-mails to be sent over a single 106 session. 107 108 * An old message shown in the commit log template was removed, as it 109 has outlived its usefulness. 110 111 * "git pull --rebase --recurse-submodules" learns to rebase the 112 branch in the submodules to an updated base. 113 114 115Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. 116 117 * The default packed-git limit value has been raised on larger 118 platforms to save "git fetch" from a (recoverable) failure while 119 "gc" is running in parallel. 120 121 * Code to update the cache-tree has been tightened so that we won't 122 accidentally write out any 0{40} entry in the tree object. 123 124 * Attempt to allow us notice "fishy" situation where we fail to 125 remove the temporary directory used during the test. 126 127 * Travis CI gained a task to format the documentation with both 128 AsciiDoc and AsciiDoctor. 129 130 * Some platforms have ulong that is smaller than time_t, and our 131 historical use of ulong for timestamp would mean they cannot 132 represent some timestamp that the platform allows. Invent a 133 separate and dedicated timestamp_t (so that we can distingiuish 134 timestamps and a vanilla ulongs, which along is already a good 135 move), and then declare uintmax_t is the type to be used as the 136 timestamp_t. 137 138 * We can trigger Windows auto-build tester (credits: Dscho & 139 Microsoft) from our existing Travis CI tester now. 140 141 * Conversion from uchar[20] to struct object_id continues. 142 143 * Simplify parse_pathspec() codepath and stop it from looking at the 144 default in-core index. 145 146 * Add perf-test for wildmatch. 147 148 * Code from "conversion using external process" codepath has been 149 extracted to a separate sub-process.[ch] module. 150 151 * When "git checkout", "git merge", etc. manipulates the in-core 152 index, various pieces of information in the index extensions are 153 discarded from the original state, as it is usually not the case 154 that they are kept up-to-date and in-sync with the operation on the 155 main index. The untracked cache extension is copied across these 156 operations now, which would speed up "git status" (as long as the 157 cache is properly invalidated). 158 159 * The internal implementation of "git grep" has seen some clean-up. 160 161 * Update the C style recommendation for notes for translators, as 162 recent versions of gettext tools can work with our style of 163 multi-line comments. 164 165 * The implementation of "ref" API around the "packed refs" have been 166 cleaned up, in preparation for further changes. 167 168 * The internal logic used in "git blame" has been libified to make it 169 easier to use by cgit. 170 171 * Our code often opens a path to an optional file, to work on its 172 contents when we can successfully open it. We can ignore a failure 173 to open if such an optional file does not exist, but we do want to 174 report a failure in opening for other reasons (e.g. we got an I/O 175 error, or the file is there, but we lack the permission to open). 176 177 The exact errors we need to ignore are ENOENT (obviously) and 178 ENOTDIR (less obvious). Instead of repeating comparison of errno 179 with these two constants, introduce a helper function to do so. 180 181 * We often try to open a file for reading whose existence is 182 optional, and silently ignore errors from open/fopen; report such 183 errors if they are not due to missing files. 184 185 * When an existing repository is used for t/perf testing, we first 186 create bit-for-bit copy of it, which may grab a transient state of 187 the repository and freeze it into the repository used for testing, 188 which then may cause Git operations to fail. Single out "the index 189 being locked" case and forcibly drop the lock from the copy. 190 191 * Three instances of the same helper function have been consolidated 192 to one. 193 194 * "fast-import" uses a default pack chain depth that is consistent 195 with other parts of the system. 196 197 * A new test to show the interaction between the pattern [^a-z] 198 (which matches '/') and a slash in a path has been added. The 199 pattern should not match the slash with "pathmatch", but should 200 with "wildmatch". 201 202 * The 'diff-highlight' program (in contrib/) has been restructured 203 for easier reuse by an external project 'diff-so-fancy'. 204 205 * A common pattern to free a piece of memory and assign NULL to the 206 pointer that used to point at it has been replaced with a new 207 FREE_AND_NULL() macro. 208 209 * Traditionally, the default die() routine had a code to prevent it 210 from getting called multiple times, which interacted badly when a 211 threaded program used it (one downside is that the real error may 212 be hidden and instead the only error message given to the user may 213 end up being "die recursion detected", which is not very useful). 214 215 * Introduce a "repository" object to eventually make it easier to 216 work in multiple repositories (the primary focus is to work with 217 the superproject and its submodules) in a single process. 218 219 * Optimize "what are the object names already taken in an alternate 220 object database?" query that is used to derive the length of prefix 221 an object name is uniquely abbreviated to. 222 223 * The hashmap API has been updated so that data to customize the 224 behaviour of the comparison function can be specified at the time a 225 hashmap is initialized. 226 227 228Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups. 229 230 231Fixes since v2.13 232----------------- 233 234Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.13 in the maintenance 235track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases' 236notes for details). 237 238 * "git gc" did not interact well with "git worktree"-managed 239 per-worktree refs. 240 241 * "git cherry-pick" and other uses of the sequencer machinery 242 mishandled a trailer block whose last line is an incomplete line. 243 This has been fixed so that an additional sign-off etc. are added 244 after completing the existing incomplete line. 245 246 * The codepath in "git am" that is used when running "git rebase" 247 leaked memory held for the log message of the commits being rebased. 248 249 * "git clone --config var=val" is a way to populate the 250 per-repository configuration file of the new repository, but it did 251 not work well when val is an empty string. This has been fixed. 252 253 * Setting "log.decorate=false" in the configuration file did not take 254 effect in v2.13, which has been corrected. 255 256 * A few codepaths in "checkout" and "am" working on an unborn branch 257 tried to access an uninitialized piece of memory. 258 259 * The Web interface to gmane news archive is long gone, even though 260 the articles are still accessible via NTTP. Replace the links with 261 ones to public-inbox.org. Because their message identification is 262 based on the actual message-id, it is likely that it will be easier 263 to migrate away from it if/when necessary. 264 265 * The receive-pack program now makes sure that the push certificate 266 records the same set of push options used for pushing. 267 268 * Tests have been updated to pass under GETTEXT_POISON (a mechanism 269 to ensure that output strings that should not be translated are 270 not translated by mistake), and TravisCI is told to run them. 271 272 * "git checkout --recurse-submodules" did not quite work with a 273 submodule that itself has submodules. 274 275 * "pack-objects" can stream a slice of an existing packfile out when 276 the pack bitmap can tell that the reachable objects are all needed 277 in the output, without inspecting individual objects. This 278 strategy however would not work well when "--local" and other 279 options are in use, and need to be disabled. 280 281 * Fix memory leaks pointed out by Coverity (and people). 282 283 * "git read-tree -m" (no tree-ish) gave a nonsense suggestion "use 284 --empty if you want to clear the index". With "-m", such a request 285 will still fail anyway, as you'd need to name at least one tree-ish 286 to be merged. 287 288 * Make sure our tests would pass when the sources are checked out 289 with "platform native" line ending convention by default on 290 Windows. Some "text" files out tests use and the test scripts 291 themselves that are meant to be run with /bin/sh, ought to be 292 checked out with eol=LF even on Windows. 293 294 * Introduce the BUG() macro to improve die("BUG: ..."). 295 296 * Clarify documentation for include.path and includeIf.<condition>.path 297 configuration variables. 298 299 * Git sometimes gives an advice in a rhetorical question that does 300 not require an answer, which can confuse new users and non native 301 speakers. Attempt to rephrase them. 302 303 * A few http:// links that are redirected to https:// in the 304 documentation have been updated to https:// links. 305 306 * "git for-each-ref --format=..." with %(HEAD) in the format used to 307 resolve the HEAD symref as many times as it had processed refs, 308 which was wasteful, and "git branch" shared the same problem. 309 310 * Regression fix to topic recently merged to 'master'. 311 312 * The shell completion script (in contrib/) learned "git stash" has 313 a new "push" subcommand. 314 315 * "git interpret-trailers", when used as GIT_EDITOR for "git commit 316 -v", looked for and appended to a trailer block at the very end, 317 i.e. at the end of the "diff" output. The command has been 318 corrected to pay attention to the cut-mark line "commit -v" adds to 319 the buffer---the real trailer block should appear just before it. 320 321 * A test allowed both "git push" and "git receive-pack" on the other 322 end write their traces into the same file. This is OK on platforms 323 that allows atomically appending to a file opened with O_APPEND, 324 but on other platforms led to a mangled output, causing 325 intermittent test failures. This has been fixed by disabling 326 traces from "receive-pack" in the test. 327 328 * Tag objects, which are not reachable from any ref, that point at 329 missing objects were mishandled by "git gc" and friends (they 330 should silently be ignored instead) 331 332 * "git describe --contains" penalized light-weight tags so much that 333 they were almost never considered. Instead, give them about the 334 same chance to be considered as an annotated tag that is the same 335 age as the underlying commit would. 336 337 * The "run-command" API implementation has been made more robust 338 against dead-locking in a threaded environment. 339 340 * A recent update to t5545-push-options.sh started skipping all the 341 tests in the script when a web server testing is disabled or 342 unavailable, not just the ones that require a web server. Non HTTP 343 tests have been salvaged to always run in this script. 344 345 * "git send-email" now uses Net::SMTP::SSL, which is obsolete, only 346 when needed. Recent versions of Net::SMTP can do TLS natively. 347 348 * "foo\bar\baz" in "git fetch foo\bar\baz", even though there is no 349 slashes in it, cannot be a nickname for a remote on Windows, as 350 that is likely to be a pathname on a local filesystem. 351 352 * "git clean -d" used to clean directories that has ignored files, 353 even though the command should not lose ignored ones without "-x". 354 "git status --ignored" did not list ignored and untracked files 355 without "-uall". These have been corrected. 356 357 * The result from "git diff" that compares two blobs, e.g. "git diff 358 $commit1:$path $commit2:$path", used to be shown with the full 359 object name as given on the command line, but it is more natural to 360 use the $path in the output and use it to look up .gitattributes. 361 362 * The "collision detecting" SHA-1 implementation shipped with 2.13 363 was quite broken on some big-endian platforms and/or platforms that 364 do not like unaligned fetches. Update to the upstream code which 365 has already fixed these issues. 366 367 * "git am -h" triggered a BUG(). 368 369 * The interaction of "url.*.insteadOf" and custom URL scheme's 370 whitelisting is now documented better. 371 372 * The timestamp of the index file is now taken after the file is 373 closed, to help Windows, on which a stale timestamp is reported by 374 fstat() on a file that is opened for writing and data was written 375 but not yet closed. 376 377 * "git pull --rebase --autostash" didn't auto-stash when the local history 378 fast-forwards to the upstream. 379 380 * A flaky test has been corrected. 381 382 * "git $cmd -h" for builtin commands calls the implementation of the 383 command (i.e. cmd_$cmd() function) without doing any repository 384 set-up, and the commands that expect RUN_SETUP is done by the Git 385 potty needs to be prepared to show the help text without barfing. 386 (merge d691551192 jk/consistent-h later to maint). 387 388 * Help contributors that visit us at GitHub. 389 390 * "git stash push <pathspec>" did not work from a subdirectory at all. 391 Bugfix for a topic in v2.13 392 393 * As there is no portable way to pass timezone information to 394 strftime, some output format from "git log" and friends are 395 impossible to produce. Teach our own strbuf_addftime to replace %z 396 and %Z with caller-supplied values to help working around this. 397 (merge 6eced3ec5e rs/strbuf-addftime-zZ later to maint). 398 399 * "git mergetool" learned to work around a wrapper MacOS X adds 400 around underlying meld. 401 402 * An example in documentation that does not work in multi worktree 403 configuration has been corrected. 404 405 * The pretty-format specifiers like '%h', '%t', etc. had an 406 optimization that no longer works correctly. In preparation/hope 407 of getting it correctly implemented, first discard the optimization 408 that is broken. 409 410 * The code to pick up and execute command alias definition from the 411 configuration used to switch to the top of the working tree and 412 then come back when the expanded alias was executed, which was 413 unnecessarilyl complex. Attempt to simplify the logic by using the 414 early-config mechanism that does not chdir around. 415 416 * Fix configuration codepath to pay proper attention to commondir 417 that is used in multi-worktree situation, and isolate config API 418 into its own header file. 419 (merge dc8441fdb4 bw/config-h later to maint). 420 421 * "git add -p" were updated in 2.12 timeframe to cope with custom 422 core.commentchar but the implementation was buggy and a 423 metacharacter like $ and * did not work. 424 425 * A recent regression in "git rebase -i" has been fixed and tests 426 that would have caught it and others have been added. 427 428 * An unaligned 32-bit access in pack-bitmap code ahs been corrected. 429 430 * Tighten error checks for invalid "git apply" input. 431 432 * The split index code did not honor core.sharedrepository setting 433 correctly. 434 435 * The Makefile rule in contrib/subtree for building documentation 436 learned to honour USE_ASCIIDOCTOR just like the main documentation 437 set does. 438 439 * Update the sha1dc again to fix portability glitches. 440 441 * Code clean-up to fix possible buffer over-reading. 442 (merge 2d105451c0 rs/apply-avoid-over-reading later to maint). 443 444 * A few tests that tried to verify the contents of push certificates 445 did not use 'git rev-parse' to formulate the line to look for in 446 the certificate correctly. 447 448 * Update the character width tables. 449 (merge 7560aacd7c bb/unicode-10.0 later to maint). 450 451 * After "git branch --move" of the currently checked out branch, the 452 code to walk the reflog of HEAD via "log -g" and friends 453 incorrectly stopped at the reflog entry that records the renaming 454 of the branch. 455 456 * The rewrite of "git branch --list" using for-each-ref's internals 457 that happened in v2.13 regressed its handling of color.branch.local; 458 this has been fixed. 459 460 * The build procedure has been improved to allow building and testing 461 Git with address sanitizer more easily. 462 (merge 566cf0b3bd jk/build-with-asan later to maint). 463 464 * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups. 465 (merge 3f9c637ec7 pw/unquote-path-in-git-pm later to maint). 466 (merge 5053313562 rs/urlmatch-cleanup later to maint). 467 (merge 42c78a216e rs/use-div-round-up later to maint). 468 (merge 5e8d2729ae rs/wt-status-cleanup later to maint). 469 (merge 01826066b0 ks/fix-rebase-doc-picture later to maint).