1Git 2.13 Release Notes 2====================== 3 4Backward compatibility notes. 5 6 * Use of an empty string as a pathspec element that is used for 7 'everything matches' is still warned and Git asks users to use a 8 more explicit '.' for that instead. The hope is that existing 9 users will not mind this change, and eventually the warning can be 10 turned into a hard error, upgrading the deprecation into removal of 11 this (mis)feature. That is not scheduled to happen in the upcoming 12 release (yet). 13 14 * The historical argument order "git merge <msg> HEAD <commit>..." 15 has been deprecated for quite some time, and is now removed. 16 17 * The default location "~/.git-credential-cache/socket" for the 18 socket used to communicate with the credential-cache daemon has 19 been moved to "~/.cache/git/credential/socket". 20 21 * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup 22 sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository. A corner case that 23 happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG"). 24 We've tried hard to locate such cases and fixed them, but there 25 might still be cases that need to be addressed--bug reports are 26 greatly appreciated. 27 28 29Updates since v2.12 30------------------- 31 32UI, Workflows & Features 33 34 * "git describe" and "git name-rev" have been taught to take more 35 than one refname patterns to restrict the set of refs to base their 36 naming output on, and also learned to take negative patterns to 37 name refs not to be used for naming via their "--exclude" option. 38 39 * Deletion of a branch "foo/bar" could remove .git/refs/heads/foo 40 once there no longer is any other branch whose name begins with 41 "foo/", but we didn't do so so far. Now we do. 42 43 * When "git merge" detects a path that is renamed in one history 44 while the other history deleted (or modified) it, it now reports 45 both paths to help the user understand what is going on in the two 46 histories being merged. 47 48 * The <url> part in "http.<url>.<variable>" configuration variable 49 can now be spelled with '*' that serves as wildcard. 50 E.g. "http.https://*.example.com.proxy" can be used to specify the 51 proxy used for https://a.example.com, https://b.example.com, etc., 52 i.e. any host in the example.com domain. 53 54 * "git tag" did not leave useful message when adding a new entry to 55 reflog; this was left unnoticed for a long time because refs/tags/* 56 doesn't keep reflog by default. 57 58 * The "negative" pathspec feature was somewhat more cumbersome to use 59 than necessary in that its short-hand used "!" which needed to be 60 escaped from shells, and it required "exclude from what?" specified. 61 62 * The command line options for ssh invocation needs to be tweaked for 63 some implementations of SSH (e.g. PuTTY plink wants "-P <port>" 64 while OpenSSH wants "-p <port>" to specify port to connect to), and 65 the variant was guessed when GIT_SSH environment variable is used 66 to specify it. The logic to guess now applies to the command 67 specified by the newer GIT_SSH_COMMAND and also core.sshcommand 68 configuration variable, and comes with an escape hatch for users to 69 deal with misdetected cases. 70 71 * The "--git-path", "--git-common-dir", and "--shared-index-path" 72 options of "git rev-parse" did not produce usable output. They are 73 now updated to show the path to the correct file, relative to where 74 the caller is. 75 76 * "git diff -W" has been taught to handle the case where a new 77 function is added at the end of the file better. 78 79 * "git update-ref -d" and other operations to delete references did 80 not leave any entry in HEAD's reflog when the reference being 81 deleted was the current branch. This is not a problem in practice 82 because you do not want to delete the branch you are currently on, 83 but caused renaming of the current branch to something else not to 84 be logged in a useful way. 85 86 * "Cc:" on the trailer part does not have to conform to RFC strictly, 87 unlike in the e-mail header. "git send-email" has been updated to 88 ignore anything after '>' when picking addresses, to allow non-address 89 cruft like " # stable 4.4" after the address. 90 91 * When "git submodule init" decides that the submodule in the working 92 tree is its upstream, it now gives a warning as it is not a very 93 common setup. 94 95 * "git stash push" takes a pathspec so that the local changes can be 96 stashed away only partially. 97 98 * Documentation for "git ls-files" did not refer to core.quotePath. 99 100 * The experimental "split index" feature has gained a few 101 configuration variables to make it easier to use. 102 103 * From a working tree of a repository, a new option of "rev-parse" 104 lets you ask if the repository is used as a submodule of another 105 project, and where the root level of the working tree of that 106 project (i.e. your superproject) is. 107 108 * The pathspec mechanism learned to further limit the paths that 109 match the pattern to those that have specified attributes attached 110 via the gitattributes mechanism. 111 112 * Our source code has used the SHA1_HEADER cpp macro after "#include" 113 in the C code to switch among the SHA-1 implementations. Instead, 114 list the exact header file names and switch among implementations 115 using "#ifdef BLK_SHA1/#include "block-sha1/sha1.h"/.../#endif"; 116 this helps some IDE tools. 117 118 * The start-up sequence of "git" needs to figure out some configured 119 settings before it finds and set itself up in the location of the 120 repository and was quite messy due to its "chicken-and-egg" nature. 121 The code has been restructured. 122 123 * The command line prompt (in contrib/) learned a new 'tag' style 124 that can be specified with GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE, to describe a 125 detached HEAD with "git describe --tags". 126 127 * The configuration file learned a new "includeIf.<condition>.path" 128 that includes the contents of the given path only when the 129 condition holds. This allows you to say "include this work-related 130 bit only in the repositories under my ~/work/ directory". 131 132 * Recent update to "rebase -i" started showing a message that is not 133 a warning with "warning:" prefix by mistake. This has been fixed. 134 135 * Recently we started passing the "--push-options" through the 136 external remote helper interface; now the "smart HTTP" remote 137 helper understands what to do with the passed information. 138 139 * "git describe --dirty" dies when it cannot be determined if the 140 state in the working tree matches that of HEAD (e.g. broken 141 repository or broken submodule). The command learned a new option 142 "git describe --broken" to give "$name-broken" (where $name is the 143 description of HEAD) in such a case. 144 145 * "git checkout" is taught the "--recurse-submodules" option. 146 147 * Recent enhancement to "git stash push" command to support pathspec 148 to allow only a subset of working tree changes to be stashed away 149 was found to be too chatty and exposed the internal implementation 150 detail (e.g. when it uses reset to match the index to HEAD before 151 doing other things, output from reset seeped out). These, and 152 other chattyness has been fixed. 153 154 * "git merge <message> HEAD <commit>" syntax that has been deprecated 155 since October 2007 has been removed. 156 157 * The refs completion for large number of refs has been sped up, 158 partly by giving up disambiguating ambiguous refs and partly by 159 eliminating most of the shell processing between 'git for-each-ref' 160 and 'ls-remote' and Bash's completion facility. 161 162 * On many keyboards, typing "@{" involves holding down SHIFT key and 163 one can easily end up with "@{Up..." when typing "@{upstream}". As 164 the upstream/push keywords do not appear anywhere else in the syntax, 165 we can safely accept them case insensitively without introducing 166 ambiguity or confusion to solve this. 167 168 * "git tag/branch/for-each-ref" family of commands long allowed to 169 filter the refs by "--contains X" (show only the refs that are 170 descendants of X), "--merged X" (show only the refs that are 171 ancestors of X), "--no-merged X" (show only the refs that are not 172 ancestors of X). One curious omission, "--no-contains X" (show 173 only the refs that are not descendants of X) has been added to 174 them. 175 176 * The default behaviour of "git log" in an interactive session has 177 been changed to enable "--decorate". 178 179 * The output from "git status --short" has been extended to show 180 various kinds of dirtyness in submodules differently; instead of to 181 "M" for modified, 'm' and '?' can be shown to signal changes only 182 to the working tree of the submodule but not the commit that is 183 checked out. 184 185 186Performance, Internal Implementation, Development Support etc. 187 188 * The code to list branches in "git branch" has been consolidated 189 with the more generic ref-filter API. 190 191 * Resource usage while enumerating refs from alternate object store 192 has been optimized to help receiving end of "push" that hosts a 193 repository with many "forks". 194 195 * The gitattributes machinery is being taught to work better in a 196 multi-threaded environment. 197 198 * "git rebase -i" starts using the recently updated "sequencer" code. 199 200 * Code and design clean-up for the refs API. 201 202 * The preload-index code has been taught not to bother with the index 203 entries that are paths that are not checked out by "sparse checkout". 204 205 * Some warning() messages from "git clean" were updated to show the 206 errno from failed system calls. 207 208 * The "parse_config_key()" API function has been cleaned up. 209 210 * A test that creates a confusing branch whose name is HEAD has been 211 corrected not to do so. 212 213 * The code that parses header fields in the commit object has been 214 updated for (micro)performance and code hygiene. 215 216 * An helper function to make it easier to append the result from 217 real_path() to a strbuf has been added. 218 219 * Reduce authentication round-trip over HTTP when the server supports 220 just a single authentication method. This also improves the 221 behaviour when Git is misconfigured to enable http.emptyAuth 222 against a server that does not authenticate without a username 223 (i.e. not using Kerberos etc., which makes http.emptyAuth 224 pointless). 225 226 * Windows port wants to use OpenSSL's implementation of SHA-1 227 routines, so let them. 228 229 * The t/perf performance test suite was not prepared to test not so 230 old versions of Git, but now it covers versions of Git that are not 231 so ancient. 232 233 * Add 32-bit Linux variant to the set of platforms to be tested with 234 Travis CI. 235 236 * "git branch --list" takes the "--abbrev" and "--no-abbrev" options 237 to control the output of the object name in its "-v"(erbose) 238 output, but a recent update started ignoring them; fix it before 239 the breakage reaches to any released version. 240 241 * Picking two versions of Git and running tests to make sure the 242 older one and the newer one interoperate happily has now become 243 possible. 244 245 * "uchar [40]" to "struct object_id" conversion continues. 246 247 * "git tag --contains" used to (ab)use the object bits to keep track 248 of the state of object reachability without clearing them after 249 use; this has been cleaned up and made to use the newer commit-slab 250 facility. 251 252 * The "debug" helper used in the test framework learned to run 253 a command under "gdb" interactively. 254 255 * The "detect attempt to create collisions" variant of SHA-1 256 implementation by Marc Stevens (CWI) and Dan Shumow (Microsoft) 257 has been integrated and made the default. 258 259 * The test framework learned to detect unterminated here documents. 260 261 * The name-hash used for detecting paths that are different only in 262 cases (which matter on case insensitive filesystems) has been 263 optimized to take advantage of multi-threading when it makes sense. 264 265 * An earlier version of sha1dc/sha1.c that was merged to 'master' 266 compiled incorrectly on Windows, which has been fixed. 267 268 * "what URL do we want to update this submodule?" and "are we 269 interested in this submodule?" are split into two distinct 270 concepts, and then the way used to express the latter got extended, 271 paving a way to make it easier to manage a project with many 272 submodules and make it possible to later extend use of multiple 273 worktrees for a project with submodules. 274 275 * Some debugging output from "git describe" were marked for l10n, 276 but some weren't. Mark missing ones for l10n. 277 278 * Define a new task in .travis.yml that triggers a test session on 279 Windows run elsewhere. 280 281 * Conversion from unsigned char [40] to struct object_id continues. 282 283 * The "submodule" specific field in the ref_store structure is 284 replaced with a more generic "gitdir" that can later be used also 285 when dealing with ref_store that represents the set of refs visible 286 from the other worktrees. 287 288Also contains various documentation updates and code clean-ups. 289 290 291Fixes since v2.12 292----------------- 293 294Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v2.12 in the maintenance 295track are contained in this release (see the maintenance releases' 296notes for details). 297 298 * "git repack --depth=<n>" for a long time busted the specified depth 299 when reusing delta from existing packs. This has been corrected. 300 301 * The code to parse the command line "git grep <patterns>... <rev> 302 [[--] <pathspec>...]" has been cleaned up, and a handful of bugs 303 have been fixed (e.g. we used to check "--" if it is a rev). 304 305 * "git ls-remote" and "git archive --remote" are designed to work 306 without being in a directory under Git's control. However, recent 307 updates revealed that we randomly look into a directory called 308 .git/ without actually doing necessary set-up when working in a 309 repository. Stop doing so. 310 311 * "git show-branch" expected there were only very short branch names 312 in the repository and used a fixed-length buffer to hold them 313 without checking for overflow. 314 315 * A caller of tempfile API that uses stdio interface to write to 316 files may ignore errors while writing, which is detected when 317 tempfile is closed (with a call to ferror()). By that time, the 318 original errno that may have told us what went wrong is likely to 319 be long gone and was overwritten by an irrelevant value. 320 close_tempfile() now resets errno to EIO to make errno at least 321 predictable. 322 323 * "git remote rm X", when a branch has remote X configured as the 324 value of its branch.*.remote, tried to remove branch.*.remote and 325 branch.*.merge and failed if either is unset. 326 327 * A "gc.log" file left by a backgrounded "gc --auto" disables further 328 automatic gc; it has been taught to run at least once a day (by 329 default) by ignoring a stale "gc.log" file that is too old. 330 331 * The code to parse "git -c VAR=VAL cmd" and set configuration 332 variable for the duration of cmd had two small bugs, which have 333 been fixed. 334 335 * user.email that consists of only cruft chars should consistently 336 error out, but didn't. 337 338 * "git upload-pack", which is a counter-part of "git fetch", did not 339 report a request for a ref that was not advertised as invalid. 340 This is generally not a problem (because "git fetch" will stop 341 before making such a request), but is the right thing to do. 342 343 * A leak in a codepath to read from a packed object in (rare) cases 344 has been plugged. 345 346 * When a redirected http transport gets an error during the 347 redirected request, we ignored the error we got from the server, 348 and ended up giving a not-so-useful error message. 349 350 * The patch subcommand of "git add -i" was meant to have paths 351 selection prompt just like other subcommand, unlike "git add -p" 352 directly jumps to hunk selection. Recently, this was broken and 353 "add -i" lost the paths selection dialog, but it now has been 354 fixed. 355 356 * Git v2.12 was shipped with an embarrassing breakage where various 357 operations that verify paths given from the user stopped dying when 358 seeing an issue, and instead later triggering segfault. 359 360 * There is no need for Python only to give a few messages to the 361 standard error stream, but we somehow did. 362 363 * The code to parse "git log -L..." command line was buggy when there 364 are many ranges specified with -L; overrun of the allocated buffer 365 has been fixed. 366 367 * The command-line parsing of "git log -L" copied internal data 368 structures using incorrect size on ILP32 systems. 369 370 * "git diff --quiet" relies on the size field in diff_filespec to be 371 correctly populated, but diff_populate_filespec() helper function 372 made an incorrect short-cut when asked only to populate the size 373 field for paths that need to go through convert_to_git() (e.g. CRLF 374 conversion). 375 376 * A few tests were run conditionally under (rare) conditions where 377 they cannot be run (like running cvs tests under 'root' account). 378 379 * "git branch @" created refs/heads/@ as a branch, and in general the 380 code that handled @{-1} and @{upstream} was a bit too loose in 381 disambiguating. 382 383 * "git fetch" that requests a commit by object name, when the other 384 side does not allow such an request, failed without much 385 explanation. 386 387 * "git filter-branch --prune-empty" drops a single-parent commit that 388 becomes a no-op, but did not drop a root commit whose tree is empty. 389 390 * Recent versions of Git treats http alternates (used in dumb http 391 transport) just like HTTP redirects and requires the client to 392 enable following it, due to security concerns. But we forgot to 393 give a warning when we decide not to honor the alternates. 394 395 * "git push" had a handful of codepaths that could lead to a deadlock 396 when unexpected error happened, which has been fixed. 397 398 * "Dumb http" transport used to misparse a nonsense http-alternates 399 response, which has been fixed. 400 401 * "git add -p <pathspec>" unnecessarily expanded the pathspec to a 402 list of individual files that matches the pathspec by running "git 403 ls-files <pathspec>", before feeding it to "git diff-index" to see 404 which paths have changes, because historically the pathspec 405 language supported by "diff-index" was weaker. These days they are 406 equivalent and there is no reason to internally expand it. This 407 helps both performance and avoids command line argument limit on 408 some platforms. 409 (merge 7288e12cce jk/add-i-use-pathspecs later to maint). 410 411 * "git status --porcelain" is supposed to give a stable output, but a 412 few strings were left as translatable by mistake. 413 414 * "git revert -m 0 $merge_commit" complained that reverting a merge 415 needs to say relative to which parent the reversion needs to 416 happen, as if "-m 0" weren't given. The correct diagnosis is that 417 "-m 0" does not refer to the first parent ("-m 1" does). This has 418 been fixed. 419 420 * Code to read submodule.<name>.ignore config did not state the 421 variable name correctly when giving an error message diagnosing 422 misconfiguration. 423 424 * Fix for NO_PTHREADS build. 425 426 * Fix for potential segv introduced in v2.11.0 and later (also 427 v2.10.2) to "git log --pickaxe-regex -S". 428 429 * A few unterminated here documents in tests were fixed, which in 430 turn revealed incorrect expectations the tests make. These tests 431 have been updated. 432 433 * Fix for NO_PTHREADS option. 434 (merge 2225e1ea20 bw/grep-recurse-submodules later to maint). 435 436 * Git now avoids blindly falling back to ".git" when the setup 437 sequence said we are _not_ in Git repository. A corner case that 438 happens to work right now may be broken by a call to die("BUG"). 439 (merge b1ef400eec jk/no-looking-at-dotgit-outside-repo-final later to maint). 440 441 * A few commands that recently learned the "--recurse-submodule" 442 option misbehaved when started from a subdirectory of the 443 superproject. 444 (merge b2dfeb7c00 bw/recurse-submodules-relative-fix later to maint). 445 446 * FreeBSD implementation of getcwd(3) behaved differently when an 447 intermediate directory is unreadable/unsearchable depending on the 448 length of the buffer provided, which our strbuf_getcwd() was not 449 aware of. strbuf_getcwd() has been taught to cope with it better. 450 (merge a54e938e5b rs/freebsd-getcwd-workaround later to maint). 451 452 * A recent update to "rebase -i" stopped running hooks for the "git 453 commit" command during "reword" action, which has been fixed. 454 455 * Removing an entry from a notes tree and then looking another note 456 entry from the resulting tree using the internal notes API 457 functions did not work as expected. No in-tree users of the API 458 has such access pattern, but it still is worth fixing. 459 460 * "git receive-pack" could have been forced to die by attempting 461 allocate an unreasonably large amount of memory with a crafted push 462 certificate; this has been fixed. 463 (merge f2214dede9 bc/push-cert-receive-fix later to maint). 464 465 * Update error handling for codepath that deals with corrupt loose 466 objects. 467 (merge 51054177b3 jk/loose-object-info-report-error later to maint). 468 469 * "git diff --submodule=diff" learned to work better in a project 470 with a submodule that in turn has its own submodules. 471 (merge 17b254cda6 sb/show-diff-for-submodule-in-diff-fix later to maint). 472 473 * Update the build dependency so that an update to /usr/bin/perl 474 etc. result in recomputation of perl.mak file. 475 (merge c59c4939c2 ab/regen-perl-mak-with-different-perl later to maint). 476 477 * "git push --recurse-submodules --push-option=<string>" learned to 478 propagate the push option recursively down to pushes in submodules. 479 480 * If a patch e-mail had its first paragraph after an in-body header 481 indented (even after a blank line after the in-body header line), 482 the indented line was mistook as a continuation of the in-body 483 header. This has been fixed. 484 (merge fd1062e52e lt/mailinfo-in-body-header-continuation later to maint). 485 486 * Clean up fallouts from recent tightening of the set-up sequence, 487 where Git barfs when repository information is accessed without 488 first ensuring that it was started in a repository. 489 (merge bccb22cbb1 jk/no-looking-at-dotgit-outside-repo later to maint). 490 491 * "git p4" used "name-rev HEAD" when it wants to learn what branch is 492 checked out; it should use "symbolic-ref HEAD". 493 (merge eff451101d ld/p4-current-branch-fix later to maint). 494 495 * Other minor doc, test and build updates and code cleanups. 496 (merge df2a6e38b7 jk/pager-in-use later to maint). 497 (merge 75ec4a6cb0 ab/branch-list-doc later to maint). 498 (merge 3e5b36c637 sg/skip-prefix-in-prettify-refname later to maint). 499 (merge 2c5e2865cc jk/fast-import-cleanup later to maint). 500 (merge 4473060bc2 ab/test-readme-updates later to maint). 501 (merge 48a96972fd ab/doc-submitting later to maint). 502 (merge f5c2bc2b96 jk/make-coccicheck-detect-errors later to maint). 503 (merge c105f563d1 cc/untracked later to maint). 504 (merge 8668976b53 jc/unused-symbols later to maint). 505 (merge fba275dc93 jc/bs-t-is-not-a-tab-for-sed later to maint). 506 (merge be6ed145de mm/ls-files-s-doc later to maint). 507 (merge 60b091c679 qp/bisect-docfix later to maint). 508 (merge 47242cd103 ah/diff-files-ours-theirs-doc later to maint). 509 (merge 35ad44cbd8 sb/submodule-rm-absorb later to maint). 510 (merge 0301f1fd92 va/i18n-perl-scripts later to maint). 511 (merge 733e064d98 vn/revision-shorthand-for-side-branch-log later to maint).