Documentation / git-check-ref-format.txton commit Update jk/maint-strbuf-missing-init to builtin/ rename (03f94ae)
   1git-check-ref-format(1)
   2=======================
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-check-ref-format - Ensures that a reference name is well formed
   7
   8SYNOPSIS
   9--------
  10[verse]
  11'git check-ref-format' <refname>
  12'git check-ref-format' --print <refname>
  13'git check-ref-format' --branch <branchname-shorthand>
  14
  15DESCRIPTION
  16-----------
  17Checks if a given 'refname' is acceptable, and exits with a non-zero
  18status if it is not.
  19
  20A reference is used in git to specify branches and tags.  A
  21branch head is stored under the `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads` directory, and
  22a tag is stored under the `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags` directory (or, if refs
  23are packed by `git gc`, as entries in the `$GIT_DIR/packed-refs` file).
  24git imposes the following rules on how references are named:
  25
  26. They can include slash `/` for hierarchical (directory)
  27  grouping, but no slash-separated component can begin with a
  28  dot `.`.
  29
  30. They must contain at least one `/`. This enforces the presence of a
  31  category like `heads/`, `tags/` etc. but the actual names are not
  32  restricted.
  33
  34. They cannot have two consecutive dots `..` anywhere.
  35
  36. They cannot have ASCII control characters (i.e. bytes whose
  37  values are lower than \040, or \177 `DEL`), space, tilde `~`,
  38  caret `{caret}`, colon `:`, question-mark `?`, asterisk `*`,
  39  or open bracket `[` anywhere.
  40
  41. They cannot end with a slash `/` nor a dot `.`.
  42
  43. They cannot end with the sequence `.lock`.
  44
  45. They cannot contain a sequence `@{`.
  46
  47. They cannot contain a `\`.
  48
  49These rules make it easy for shell script based tools to parse
  50reference names, pathname expansion by the shell when a reference name is used
  51unquoted (by mistake), and also avoids ambiguities in certain
  52reference name expressions (see linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]):
  53
  54. A double-dot `..` is often used as in `ref1..ref2`, and in some
  55  contexts this notation means `{caret}ref1 ref2` (i.e. not in
  56  `ref1` and in `ref2`).
  57
  58. A tilde `~` and caret `{caret}` are used to introduce the postfix
  59  'nth parent' and 'peel onion' operation.
  60
  61. A colon `:` is used as in `srcref:dstref` to mean "use srcref\'s
  62  value and store it in dstref" in fetch and push operations.
  63  It may also be used to select a specific object such as with
  64  'git cat-file': "git cat-file blob v1.3.3:refs.c".
  65
  66. at-open-brace `@{` is used as a notation to access a reflog entry.
  67
  68With the `--print` option, if 'refname' is acceptable, it prints the
  69canonicalized name of a hypothetical reference with that name.  That is,
  70it prints 'refname' with any extra `/` characters removed.
  71
  72With the `--branch` option, it expands the ``previous branch syntax''
  73`@{-n}`.  For example, `@{-1}` is a way to refer the last branch you
  74were on.  This option should be used by porcelains to accept this
  75syntax anywhere a branch name is expected, so they can act as if you
  76typed the branch name.
  77
  78EXAMPLES
  79--------
  80
  81* Print the name of the previous branch:
  82+
  83------------
  84$ git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}
  85------------
  86
  87* Determine the reference name to use for a new branch:
  88+
  89------------
  90$ ref=$(git check-ref-format --print "refs/heads/$newbranch") ||
  91die "we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name."
  92------------
  93
  94GIT
  95---
  96Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite