Documentation / git-ls-files.txton commit Merge branch 'nd/dwim-wildcards-as-pathspecs' into maint (0b2cef2)
   1git-ls-files(1)
   2===============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-ls-files - Show information about files in the index and the working tree
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git ls-files' [-z] [-t] [-v]
  13                (--[cached|deleted|others|ignored|stage|unmerged|killed|modified])*
  14                (-[c|d|o|i|s|u|k|m])*
  15                [-x <pattern>|--exclude=<pattern>]
  16                [-X <file>|--exclude-from=<file>]
  17                [--exclude-per-directory=<file>]
  18                [--exclude-standard]
  19                [--error-unmatch] [--with-tree=<tree-ish>]
  20                [--full-name] [--abbrev] [--] [<file>...]
  21
  22DESCRIPTION
  23-----------
  24This merges the file listing in the directory cache index with the
  25actual working directory list, and shows different combinations of the
  26two.
  27
  28One or more of the options below may be used to determine the files
  29shown:
  30
  31OPTIONS
  32-------
  33-c::
  34--cached::
  35        Show cached files in the output (default)
  36
  37-d::
  38--deleted::
  39        Show deleted files in the output
  40
  41-m::
  42--modified::
  43        Show modified files in the output
  44
  45-o::
  46--others::
  47        Show other (i.e. untracked) files in the output
  48
  49-i::
  50--ignored::
  51        Show only ignored files in the output. When showing files in the
  52        index, print only those matched by an exclude pattern. When
  53        showing "other" files, show only those matched by an exclude
  54        pattern.
  55
  56-s::
  57--stage::
  58        Show staged contents' object name, mode bits and stage number in the output.
  59
  60--directory::
  61        If a whole directory is classified as "other", show just its
  62        name (with a trailing slash) and not its whole contents.
  63
  64--no-empty-directory::
  65        Do not list empty directories. Has no effect without --directory.
  66
  67-u::
  68--unmerged::
  69        Show unmerged files in the output (forces --stage)
  70
  71-k::
  72--killed::
  73        Show files on the filesystem that need to be removed due
  74        to file/directory conflicts for checkout-index to
  75        succeed.
  76
  77-z::
  78        \0 line termination on output.
  79
  80-x <pattern>::
  81--exclude=<pattern>::
  82        Skip untracked files matching pattern.
  83        Note that pattern is a shell wildcard pattern. See EXCLUDE PATTERNS
  84        below for more information.
  85
  86-X <file>::
  87--exclude-from=<file>::
  88        Read exclude patterns from <file>; 1 per line.
  89
  90--exclude-per-directory=<file>::
  91        Read additional exclude patterns that apply only to the
  92        directory and its subdirectories in <file>.
  93
  94--exclude-standard::
  95        Add the standard Git exclusions: .git/info/exclude, .gitignore
  96        in each directory, and the user's global exclusion file.
  97
  98--error-unmatch::
  99        If any <file> does not appear in the index, treat this as an
 100        error (return 1).
 101
 102--with-tree=<tree-ish>::
 103        When using --error-unmatch to expand the user supplied
 104        <file> (i.e. path pattern) arguments to paths, pretend
 105        that paths which were removed in the index since the
 106        named <tree-ish> are still present.  Using this option
 107        with `-s` or `-u` options does not make any sense.
 108
 109-t::
 110        This feature is semi-deprecated. For scripting purpose,
 111        linkgit:git-status[1] `--porcelain` and
 112        linkgit:git-diff-files[1] `--name-status` are almost always
 113        superior alternatives, and users should look at
 114        linkgit:git-status[1] `--short` or linkgit:git-diff[1]
 115        `--name-status` for more user-friendly alternatives.
 116+
 117This option identifies the file status with the following tags (followed by
 118a space) at the start of each line:
 119
 120        H::     cached
 121        S::     skip-worktree
 122        M::     unmerged
 123        R::     removed/deleted
 124        C::     modified/changed
 125        K::     to be killed
 126        ?::     other
 127
 128-v::
 129        Similar to `-t`, but use lowercase letters for files
 130        that are marked as 'assume unchanged' (see
 131        linkgit:git-update-index[1]).
 132
 133--full-name::
 134        When run from a subdirectory, the command usually
 135        outputs paths relative to the current directory.  This
 136        option forces paths to be output relative to the project
 137        top directory.
 138
 139--abbrev[=<n>]::
 140        Instead of showing the full 40-byte hexadecimal object
 141        lines, show only a partial prefix.
 142        Non default number of digits can be specified with --abbrev=<n>.
 143
 144--debug::
 145        After each line that describes a file, add more data about its
 146        cache entry.  This is intended to show as much information as
 147        possible for manual inspection; the exact format may change at
 148        any time.
 149
 150\--::
 151        Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
 152
 153<file>::
 154        Files to show. If no files are given all files which match the other
 155        specified criteria are shown.
 156
 157Output
 158------
 159'git ls-files' just outputs the filenames unless '--stage' is specified in
 160which case it outputs:
 161
 162        [<tag> ]<mode> <object> <stage> <file>
 163
 164'git ls-files --unmerged' and 'git ls-files --stage' can be used to examine
 165detailed information on unmerged paths.
 166
 167For an unmerged path, instead of recording a single mode/SHA-1 pair,
 168the index records up to three such pairs; one from tree O in stage
 1691, A in stage 2, and B in stage 3.  This information can be used by
 170the user (or the porcelain) to see what should eventually be recorded at the
 171path. (see linkgit:git-read-tree[1] for more information on state)
 172
 173When `-z` option is not used, TAB, LF, and backslash characters
 174in pathnames are represented as `\t`, `\n`, and `\\`,
 175respectively.
 176
 177
 178Exclude Patterns
 179----------------
 180
 181'git ls-files' can use a list of "exclude patterns" when
 182traversing the directory tree and finding files to show when the
 183flags --others or --ignored are specified.  linkgit:gitignore[5]
 184specifies the format of exclude patterns.
 185
 186These exclude patterns come from these places, in order:
 187
 188  1. The command-line flag --exclude=<pattern> specifies a
 189     single pattern.  Patterns are ordered in the same order
 190     they appear in the command line.
 191
 192  2. The command-line flag --exclude-from=<file> specifies a
 193     file containing a list of patterns.  Patterns are ordered
 194     in the same order they appear in the file.
 195
 196  3. The command-line flag --exclude-per-directory=<name> specifies
 197     a name of the file in each directory 'git ls-files'
 198     examines, normally `.gitignore`.  Files in deeper
 199     directories take precedence.  Patterns are ordered in the
 200     same order they appear in the files.
 201
 202A pattern specified on the command line with --exclude or read
 203from the file specified with --exclude-from is relative to the
 204top of the directory tree.  A pattern read from a file specified
 205by --exclude-per-directory is relative to the directory that the
 206pattern file appears in.
 207
 208SEE ALSO
 209--------
 210linkgit:git-read-tree[1], linkgit:gitignore[5]
 211
 212GIT
 213---
 214Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite