Documentation / git-format-patch.txton commit Improve description of git-branch -d and -D in man page. (1e72a40)
   1git-format-patch(1)
   2===================
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-format-patch - Prepare patches for e-mail submission
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git-format-patch' [-n | -k] [-o <dir> | --stdout] [--thread]
  13                   [--attach[=<boundary>] | --inline[=<boundary>]]
  14                   [-s | --signoff] [<common diff options>]
  15                   [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
  16                   [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
  17                   [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
  18                   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
  19                   [ <since> | <revision range> ]
  20
  21DESCRIPTION
  22-----------
  23
  24Prepare each commit with its patch in
  25one file per commit, formatted to resemble UNIX mailbox format.
  26The output of this command is convenient for e-mail submission or
  27for use with gitlink:git-am[1].
  28
  29There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
  30
  311. A single commit, <since>, specifies that the commits leading
  32   to the tip of the current branch that are not in the history
  33   that leads to the <since> to be output.
  34
  352. Generic <revision range> expression (see "SPECIFYING
  36   REVISIONS" section in gitlink:git-rev-parse[1]) means the
  37   commits in the specified range.
  38
  39A single commit, when interpreted as a <revision range>
  40expression, means "everything that leads to that commit", but
  41if you write 'git format-patch <commit>', the previous rule
  42applies to that command line and you do not get "everything
  43since the beginning of the time".  If you want to format
  44everything since project inception to one commit, say "git
  45format-patch \--root <commit>" to make it clear that it is the
  46latter case.
  47
  48By default, each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the
  49first line of the commit message (massaged for pathname safety) as
  50the filename. With the --numbered-files option, the output file names
  51will only be numbers, without the first line of the commit appended.
  52The names of the output files are printed to standard
  53output, unless the --stdout option is specified.
  54
  55If -o is specified, output files are created in <dir>.  Otherwise
  56they are created in the current working directory.
  57
  58If -n is specified, instead of "[PATCH] Subject", the first line
  59is formatted as "[PATCH n/m] Subject".
  60
  61If given --thread, git-format-patch will generate In-Reply-To and
  62References headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear
  63as replies to the first mail; this also generates a Message-Id header to
  64reference.
  65
  66OPTIONS
  67-------
  68include::diff-options.txt[]
  69
  70-<n>::
  71        Limits the number of patches to prepare.
  72
  73-o|--output-directory <dir>::
  74        Use <dir> to store the resulting files, instead of the
  75        current working directory.
  76
  77-n|--numbered::
  78        Name output in '[PATCH n/m]' format.
  79
  80--start-number <n>::
  81        Start numbering the patches at <n> instead of 1.
  82
  83--numbered-files::
  84        Output file names will be a simple number sequence
  85        without the default first line of the commit appended.
  86        Mutually exclusive with the --stdout option.
  87
  88-k|--keep-subject::
  89        Do not strip/add '[PATCH]' from the first line of the
  90        commit log message.
  91
  92-s|--signoff::
  93        Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
  94        the committer identity of yourself.
  95
  96--stdout::
  97        Print all commits to the standard output in mbox format,
  98        instead of creating a file for each one.
  99
 100--attach[=<boundary>]::
 101        Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
 102        which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
 103        second part, with "Content-Disposition: attachment".
 104
 105--inline[=<boundary>]::
 106        Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
 107        which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
 108        second part, with "Content-Disposition: inline".
 109
 110--thread::
 111        Add In-Reply-To and References headers to make the second and
 112        subsequent mails appear as replies to the first.  Also generates
 113        the Message-Id header to reference.
 114
 115--in-reply-to=Message-Id::
 116        Make the first mail (or all the mails with --no-thread) appear as a
 117        reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
 118        provide a new patch series.
 119
 120--ignore-if-in-upstream::
 121        Do not include a patch that matches a commit in
 122        <until>..<since>.  This will examine all patches reachable
 123        from <since> but not from <until> and compare them with the
 124        patches being generated, and any patch that matches is
 125        ignored.
 126
 127--subject-prefix=<Subject-Prefix>::
 128        Instead of the standard '[PATCH]' prefix in the subject
 129        line, instead use '[<Subject-Prefix>]'. This
 130        allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
 131        combined with the --numbered option.
 132
 133--suffix=.<sfx>::
 134        Instead of using `.patch` as the suffix for generated
 135        filenames, use specified suffix.  A common alternative is
 136        `--suffix=.txt`.
 137+
 138Note that you would need to include the leading dot `.` if you
 139want a filename like `0001-description-of-my-change.patch`, and
 140the first letter does not have to be a dot.  Leaving it empty would
 141not add any suffix.
 142
 143CONFIGURATION
 144-------------
 145You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each
 146message in the repository configuration.  You can also specify
 147new defaults for the subject prefix and file suffix.
 148
 149------------
 150[format]
 151        headers = "Organization: git-foo\n"
 152        subjectprefix = CHANGE
 153        suffix = .txt
 154------------
 155
 156
 157EXAMPLES
 158--------
 159
 160git-format-patch -k --stdout R1..R2 | git-am -3 -k::
 161        Extract commits between revisions R1 and R2, and apply
 162        them on top of the current branch using `git-am` to
 163        cherry-pick them.
 164
 165git-format-patch origin::
 166        Extract all commits which are in the current branch but
 167        not in the origin branch.  For each commit a separate file
 168        is created in the current directory.
 169
 170git-format-patch \--root origin::
 171        Extract all commits that lead to 'origin' since the
 172        inception of the project.
 173
 174git-format-patch -M -B origin::
 175        The same as the previous one.  Additionally, it detects
 176        and handles renames and complete rewrites intelligently to
 177        produce a renaming patch.  A renaming patch reduces the
 178        amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to
 179        review it.  Note that the "patch" program does not
 180        understand renaming patches, so use it only when you know
 181        the recipient uses git to apply your patch.
 182
 183git-format-patch -3::
 184        Extract three topmost commits from the current branch
 185        and format them as e-mailable patches.
 186
 187See Also
 188--------
 189gitlink:git-am[1], gitlink:git-send-email[1]
 190
 191
 192Author
 193------
 194Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
 195
 196Documentation
 197--------------
 198Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 199
 200GIT
 201---
 202Part of the gitlink:git[7] suite