vcs-svn / trp.txton commit t1510: setup case #21 (21b3466)
   1Motivation
   2==========
   3
   4Treaps provide a memory-efficient binary search tree structure.
   5Insertion/deletion/search are about as about as fast in the average
   6case as red-black trees and the chances of worst-case behavior are
   7vanishingly small, thanks to (pseudo-)randomness.  The bad worst-case
   8behavior is a small price to pay, given that treaps are much simpler
   9to implement.
  10
  11API
  12===
  13
  14The trp API generates a data structure and functions to handle a
  15large growing set of objects stored in a pool.
  16
  17The caller:
  18
  19. Specifies parameters for the generated functions with the
  20  trp_gen(static, foo_, ...) macro.
  21
  22. Allocates a `struct trp_root` variable and sets it to {~0}.
  23
  24. Adds new nodes to the set using `foo_insert`.
  25
  26. Can find a specific item in the set using `foo_search`.
  27
  28. Can iterate over items in the set using `foo_first` and `foo_next`.
  29
  30. Can remove an item from the set using `foo_remove`.
  31
  32Example:
  33
  34----
  35struct ex_node {
  36        const char *s;
  37        struct trp_node ex_link;
  38};
  39static struct trp_root ex_base = {~0};
  40obj_pool_gen(ex, struct ex_node, 4096);
  41trp_gen(static, ex_, struct ex_node, ex_link, ex, strcmp)
  42struct ex_node *item;
  43
  44item = ex_pointer(ex_alloc(1));
  45item->s = "hello";
  46ex_insert(&ex_base, item);
  47item = ex_pointer(ex_alloc(1));
  48item->s = "goodbye";
  49ex_insert(&ex_base, item);
  50for (item = ex_first(&ex_base); item; item = ex_next(&ex_base, item))
  51        printf("%s\n", item->s);
  52----
  53
  54Functions
  55---------
  56
  57trp_gen(attr, foo_, node_type, link_field, pool, cmp)::
  58
  59        Generate a type-specific treap implementation.
  60+
  61. The storage class for generated functions will be 'attr' (e.g., `static`).
  62. Generated function names are prefixed with 'foo_' (e.g., `treap_`).
  63. Treap nodes will be of type 'node_type' (e.g., `struct treap_node`).
  64  This type must be a struct with at least one `struct trp_node` field
  65  to point to its children.
  66. The field used to access child nodes will be 'link_field'.
  67. All treap nodes must lie in the 'pool' object pool.
  68. Treap nodes must be totally ordered by the 'cmp' relation, with the
  69  following prototype:
  70+
  71int (*cmp)(node_type \*a, node_type \*b)
  72+
  73and returning a value less than, equal to, or greater than zero
  74according to the result of comparison.
  75
  76void foo_insert(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
  77
  78        Insert node into treap.  If inserted multiple times,
  79        a node will appear in the treap multiple times.
  80
  81void foo_remove(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
  82
  83        Remove node from treap.  Caller must ensure node is
  84        present in treap before using this function.
  85
  86node_type *foo_search(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*key)::
  87
  88        Search for a node that matches key.  If no match is found,
  89        result is NULL.
  90
  91node_type *foo_nsearch(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*key)::
  92
  93        Like `foo_search`, but if if the key is missing return what
  94        would be key's successor, were key in treap (NULL if no
  95        successor).
  96
  97node_type *foo_first(struct trp_root \*treap)::
  98
  99        Find the first item from the treap, in sorted order.
 100
 101node_type *foo_next(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*node)::
 102
 103        Find the next item.