Documentation / git-diff-cache.txton commit [PATCH] Introduce diff_free_filepair() funcion. (226406f)
   1git-diff-cache(1)
   2=================
   3v0.1, May 2005
   4
   5NAME
   6----
   7git-diff-cache - Compares content and mode of blobs between the cache and repository
   8
   9
  10SYNOPSIS
  11--------
  12'git-diff-cache' [-p] [-r] [-z] [-m] [-M] [-R] [-C] [-S<string>] [--cached] <tree-ish> [<path>...]
  13
  14DESCRIPTION
  15-----------
  16Compares the content and mode of the blobs found via a tree
  17object with the content of the current cache and, optionally
  18ignoring the stat state of the file on disk.  When paths are
  19specified, compares only those named paths.  Otherwise all
  20entries in the cache are compared.
  21
  22OPTIONS
  23-------
  24<tree-ish>::
  25        The id of a tree object to diff against.
  26
  27-p::
  28        Generate patch (see section on generating patches)
  29
  30-r::
  31        This flag does not mean anything.  It is there only to match
  32        "git-diff-tree".  Unlike "git-diff-tree", "git-diff-cache"
  33        always looks at all the subdirectories.
  34
  35-z::
  36        \0 line termination on output
  37
  38-M::
  39        Detect renames.
  40
  41-C::
  42        Detect copies as well as renames.
  43
  44-S<string>::
  45        Look for differences that contains the change in <string>.
  46
  47
  48-R::
  49        Output diff in reverse.
  50
  51--cached::
  52        do not consider the on-disk file at all
  53
  54-m::
  55        By default, files recorded in the index but not checked
  56        out are reported as deleted.  This flag makes
  57        "git-diff-cache" say that all non-checked-out files are up
  58        to date.
  59
  60Output format
  61-------------
  62include::diff-format.txt[]
  63
  64Operating Modes
  65---------------
  66You can choose whether you want to trust the index file entirely
  67(using the '--cached' flag) or ask the diff logic to show any files
  68that don't match the stat state as being "tentatively changed".  Both
  69of these operations are very useful indeed.
  70
  71Cached Mode
  72-----------
  73If '--cached' is specified, it allows you to ask:
  74
  75        show me the differences between HEAD and the current index
  76        contents (the ones I'd write with a "git-write-tree")
  77
  78For example, let's say that you have worked on your index file, and are
  79ready to commit. You want to see eactly *what* you are going to commit is
  80without having to write a new tree object and compare it that way, and to
  81do that, you just do
  82
  83        git-diff-cache --cached $(cat .git/HEAD)
  84
  85Example: let's say I had renamed `commit.c` to `git-commit.c`, and I had
  86done an "git-update-cache" to make that effective in the index file.
  87"git-diff-files" wouldn't show anything at all, since the index file
  88matches my working directory. But doing a "git-diff-cache" does:
  89
  90  torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git-diff-cache --cached $(cat .git/HEAD)
  91  -100644 blob    4161aecc6700a2eb579e842af0b7f22b98443f74        commit.c
  92  +100644 blob    4161aecc6700a2eb579e842af0b7f22b98443f74        git-commit.c
  93
  94You can trivially see that the above is a rename.
  95
  96In fact, "git-diff-cache --cached" *should* always be entirely equivalent to
  97actually doing a "git-write-tree" and comparing that. Except this one is much
  98nicer for the case where you just want to check where you are.
  99
 100So doing a "git-diff-cache --cached" is basically very useful when you are 
 101asking yourself "what have I already marked for being committed, and 
 102what's the difference to a previous tree".
 103
 104Non-cached Mode
 105---------------
 106The "non-cached" mode takes a different approach, and is potentially
 107the more useful of the two in that what it does can't be emulated with
 108a "git-write-tree" + "git-diff-tree". Thus that's the default mode.
 109The non-cached version asks the question:
 110
 111   show me the differences between HEAD and the currently checked out
 112   tree - index contents _and_ files that aren't up-to-date
 113
 114which is obviously a very useful question too, since that tells you what
 115you *could* commit. Again, the output matches the "git-diff-tree -r"
 116output to a tee, but with a twist.
 117
 118The twist is that if some file doesn't match the cache, we don't have
 119a backing store thing for it, and we use the magic "all-zero" sha1 to
 120show that. So let's say that you have edited `kernel/sched.c`, but
 121have not actually done a "git-update-cache" on it yet - there is no
 122"object" associated with the new state, and you get:
 123
 124  torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git-diff-cache $(cat .git/HEAD )
 125  *100644->100664 blob    7476bb......->000000......      kernel/sched.c
 126
 127ie it shows that the tree has changed, and that `kernel/sched.c` has is
 128not up-to-date and may contain new stuff. The all-zero sha1 means that to
 129get the real diff, you need to look at the object in the working directory
 130directly rather than do an object-to-object diff.
 131
 132NOTE! As with other commands of this type, "git-diff-cache" does not
 133actually look at the contents of the file at all. So maybe
 134`kernel/sched.c` hasn't actually changed, and it's just that you
 135touched it. In either case, it's a note that you need to
 136"git-upate-cache" it to make the cache be in sync.
 137
 138NOTE 2! You can have a mixture of files show up as "has been updated"
 139and "is still dirty in the working directory" together. You can always
 140tell which file is in which state, since the "has been updated" ones
 141show a valid sha1, and the "not in sync with the index" ones will
 142always have the special all-zero sha1.
 143
 144
 145Author
 146------
 147Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 148
 149Documentation
 150--------------
 151Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 152
 153GIT
 154---
 155Part of the link:git.html[git] suite
 156