Documentation / git-clone.txton commit Merge branch 'bc/maint-daemon-sans-ss-family' into maint (2870695)
   1git-clone(1)
   2============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git clone' [--template=<template_directory>]
  13          [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
  14          [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
  15          [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--] <repository> [<directory>]
  16
  17DESCRIPTION
  18-----------
  19
  20Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
  21remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
  22(visible using `git branch -r`), and creates and checks out an
  23initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository's
  24currently active branch.
  25
  26After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update
  27all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without
  28arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
  29current master branch, if any.
  30
  31This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
  32the remote branch heads under `refs/remotes/origin` and
  33by initializing `remote.origin.url` and `remote.origin.fetch`
  34configuration variables.
  35
  36
  37OPTIONS
  38-------
  39--local::
  40-l::
  41        When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
  42        this flag bypasses the normal "git aware" transport
  43        mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
  44        HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories.
  45        The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
  46        to save space when possible.  This is now the default when
  47        the source repository is specified with `/path/to/repo`
  48        syntax, so it essentially is a no-op option.  To force
  49        copying instead of hardlinking (which may be desirable
  50        if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository),
  51        but still avoid the usual "git aware" transport
  52        mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
  53
  54--no-hardlinks::
  55        Optimize the cloning process from a repository on a
  56        local filesystem by copying files under `.git/objects`
  57        directory.
  58
  59--shared::
  60-s::
  61        When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
  62        instead of using hard links, automatically setup
  63        `.git/objects/info/alternates` to share the objects
  64        with the source repository.  The resulting repository
  65        starts out without any object of its own.
  66+
  67*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
  68it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
  69repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
  70other git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
  71source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
  72These objects may be removed by normal git operations (such as `git commit`)
  73which automatically call `git gc --auto`. (See linkgit:git-gc[1].)
  74If these objects are removed and were referenced by the cloned repository,
  75then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
  76+
  77Note that running `git repack` without the `-l` option in a repository
  78cloned with `-s` will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
  79in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of `clone -s`.
  80It is safe, however, to run `git gc`, which uses the `-l` option by
  81default.
  82+
  83If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `-s` on
  84its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all
  85objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
  86
  87--reference <repository>::
  88        If the reference repository is on the local machine,
  89        automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to
  90        obtain objects from the reference repository.  Using
  91        an already existing repository as an alternate will
  92        require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
  93        being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
  94+
  95*NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option.
  96
  97--quiet::
  98-q::
  99        Operate quietly.  Progress is not reported to the standard
 100        error stream. This flag is also passed to the `rsync'
 101        command when given.
 102
 103--verbose::
 104-v::
 105        Run verbosely.
 106
 107--progress::
 108        Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
 109        by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
 110        is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
 111        standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
 112
 113--no-checkout::
 114-n::
 115        No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
 116
 117--bare::
 118        Make a 'bare' GIT repository.  That is, instead of
 119        creating `<directory>` and placing the administrative
 120        files in `<directory>/.git`, make the `<directory>`
 121        itself the `$GIT_DIR`. This obviously implies the `-n`
 122        because there is nowhere to check out the working tree.
 123        Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly
 124        to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping
 125        them to `refs/remotes/origin/`.  When this option is
 126        used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
 127        configuration variables are created.
 128
 129--mirror::
 130        Set up a mirror of the remote repository.  This implies `--bare`.
 131
 132--origin <name>::
 133-o <name>::
 134        Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track
 135        of the upstream repository, use `<name>`.
 136
 137--branch <name>::
 138-b <name>::
 139        Instead of pointing the newly created HEAD to the branch pointed
 140        to by the cloned repository's HEAD, point to `<name>` branch
 141        instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
 142        be checked out.
 143
 144--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
 145-u <upload-pack>::
 146        When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed
 147        via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command
 148        run on the other end.
 149
 150--template=<template_directory>::
 151        Specify the directory from which templates will be used;
 152        if unset the templates are taken from the installation
 153        defined default, typically `/usr/share/git-core/templates`.
 154
 155--depth <depth>::
 156        Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
 157        specified number of revisions.  A shallow repository has a
 158        number of limitations (you cannot clone or fetch from
 159        it, nor push from nor into it), but is adequate if you
 160        are only interested in the recent history of a large project
 161        with a long history, and would want to send in fixes
 162        as patches.
 163
 164--recursive::
 165        After the clone is created, initialize all submodules within,
 166        using their default settings. This is equivalent to running
 167        `git submodule update --init --recursive` immediately after
 168        the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned
 169        repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of
 170        `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given)
 171
 172<repository>::
 173        The (possibly remote) repository to clone from.  See the
 174        <<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
 175        repositories.
 176
 177<directory>::
 178        The name of a new directory to clone into.  The "humanish"
 179        part of the source repository is used if no directory is
 180        explicitly given (`repo` for `/path/to/repo.git` and `foo`
 181        for `host.xz:foo/.git`).  Cloning into an existing directory
 182        is only allowed if the directory is empty.
 183
 184:git-clone: 1
 185include::urls.txt[]
 186
 187Examples
 188--------
 189
 190* Clone from upstream:
 191+
 192------------
 193$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6
 194$ cd my2.6
 195$ make
 196------------
 197
 198
 199* Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out:
 200+
 201------------
 202$ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
 203$ cd ../copy
 204$ git show-branch
 205------------
 206
 207
 208* Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory:
 209+
 210------------
 211$ git clone --reference my2.6 \
 212        git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.7 \
 213        my2.7
 214$ cd my2.7
 215------------
 216
 217
 218* Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public:
 219+
 220------------
 221$ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git
 222------------
 223
 224
 225* Create a repository on the kernel.org machine that borrows from Linus:
 226+
 227------------
 228$ git clone --bare -l -s /pub/scm/.../torvalds/linux-2.6.git \
 229    /pub/scm/.../me/subsys-2.6.git
 230------------
 231
 232
 233Author
 234------
 235Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 236
 237
 238Documentation
 239--------------
 240Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 241
 242
 243GIT
 244---
 245Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite