Documentation / git-clone.txton commit clone --single: limit the fetch refspec to fetched branch (31b808a)
   1git-clone(1)
   2============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git clone' [--template=<template_directory>]
  13          [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
  14          [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
  15          [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
  16          [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch]
  17          [--recursive|--recurse-submodules] [--] <repository>
  18          [<directory>]
  19
  20DESCRIPTION
  21-----------
  22
  23Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
  24remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
  25(visible using `git branch -r`), and creates and checks out an
  26initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository's
  27currently active branch.
  28
  29After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update
  30all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without
  31arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
  32current master branch, if any (this is untrue when "--single-branch"
  33is given; see below).
  34
  35This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
  36the remote branch heads under `refs/remotes/origin` and
  37by initializing `remote.origin.url` and `remote.origin.fetch`
  38configuration variables.
  39
  40
  41OPTIONS
  42-------
  43--local::
  44-l::
  45        When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
  46        this flag bypasses the normal "git aware" transport
  47        mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
  48        HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories.
  49        The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
  50        to save space when possible.  This is now the default when
  51        the source repository is specified with `/path/to/repo`
  52        syntax, so it essentially is a no-op option.  To force
  53        copying instead of hardlinking (which may be desirable
  54        if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository),
  55        but still avoid the usual "git aware" transport
  56        mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
  57
  58--no-hardlinks::
  59        Optimize the cloning process from a repository on a
  60        local filesystem by copying files under `.git/objects`
  61        directory.
  62
  63--shared::
  64-s::
  65        When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
  66        instead of using hard links, automatically setup
  67        `.git/objects/info/alternates` to share the objects
  68        with the source repository.  The resulting repository
  69        starts out without any object of its own.
  70+
  71*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
  72it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
  73repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
  74other git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
  75source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
  76These objects may be removed by normal git operations (such as `git commit`)
  77which automatically call `git gc --auto`. (See linkgit:git-gc[1].)
  78If these objects are removed and were referenced by the cloned repository,
  79then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
  80+
  81Note that running `git repack` without the `-l` option in a repository
  82cloned with `-s` will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
  83in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of `clone -s`.
  84It is safe, however, to run `git gc`, which uses the `-l` option by
  85default.
  86+
  87If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `-s` on
  88its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all
  89objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
  90
  91--reference <repository>::
  92        If the reference repository is on the local machine,
  93        automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to
  94        obtain objects from the reference repository.  Using
  95        an already existing repository as an alternate will
  96        require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
  97        being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
  98+
  99*NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option.
 100
 101--quiet::
 102-q::
 103        Operate quietly.  Progress is not reported to the standard
 104        error stream. This flag is also passed to the `rsync'
 105        command when given.
 106
 107--verbose::
 108-v::
 109        Run verbosely. Does not affect the reporting of progress status
 110        to the standard error stream.
 111
 112--progress::
 113        Progress status is reported on the standard error stream
 114        by default when it is attached to a terminal, unless -q
 115        is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
 116        standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
 117
 118--no-checkout::
 119-n::
 120        No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
 121
 122--bare::
 123        Make a 'bare' GIT repository.  That is, instead of
 124        creating `<directory>` and placing the administrative
 125        files in `<directory>/.git`, make the `<directory>`
 126        itself the `$GIT_DIR`. This obviously implies the `-n`
 127        because there is nowhere to check out the working tree.
 128        Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly
 129        to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping
 130        them to `refs/remotes/origin/`.  When this option is
 131        used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
 132        configuration variables are created.
 133
 134--mirror::
 135        Set up a mirror of the source repository.  This implies `--bare`.
 136        Compared to `--bare`, `--mirror` not only maps local branches of the
 137        source to local branches of the target, it maps all refs (including
 138        remote-tracking branches, notes etc.) and sets up a refspec configuration such
 139        that all these refs are overwritten by a `git remote update` in the
 140        target repository.
 141
 142--origin <name>::
 143-o <name>::
 144        Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track
 145        of the upstream repository, use `<name>`.
 146
 147--branch <name>::
 148-b <name>::
 149        Instead of pointing the newly created HEAD to the branch pointed
 150        to by the cloned repository's HEAD, point to `<name>` branch
 151        instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
 152        be checked out.
 153        `--branch` can also take tags and detaches the HEAD at that commit
 154        in the resulting repository.
 155
 156--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
 157-u <upload-pack>::
 158        When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed
 159        via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command
 160        run on the other end.
 161
 162--template=<template_directory>::
 163        Specify the directory from which templates will be used;
 164        (See the "TEMPLATE DIRECTORY" section of linkgit:git-init[1].)
 165
 166--config <key>=<value>::
 167-c <key>=<value>::
 168        Set a configuration variable in the newly-created repository;
 169        this takes effect immediately after the repository is
 170        initialized, but before the remote history is fetched or any
 171        files checked out.  The key is in the same format as expected by
 172        linkgit:git-config[1] (e.g., `core.eol=true`). If multiple
 173        values are given for the same key, each value will be written to
 174        the config file. This makes it safe, for example, to add
 175        additional fetch refspecs to the origin remote.
 176
 177--depth <depth>::
 178        Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
 179        specified number of revisions.  A shallow repository has a
 180        number of limitations (you cannot clone or fetch from
 181        it, nor push from nor into it), but is adequate if you
 182        are only interested in the recent history of a large project
 183        with a long history, and would want to send in fixes
 184        as patches.
 185
 186--single-branch::
 187        Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
 188        either specified by the `--branch` option or the primary
 189        branch remote's `HEAD` points at. When creating a shallow
 190        clone with the `--depth` option, this is the default, unless
 191        `--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
 192        tips of all branches.
 193        Further fetches into the resulting repository will only update the
 194        remote tracking branch for the branch this option was used for the
 195        initial cloning.  If the HEAD at the remote did not point at any
 196        branch when `--single-branch` clone was made, no remote tracking
 197        branch is created.
 198
 199--recursive::
 200--recurse-submodules::
 201        After the clone is created, initialize all submodules within,
 202        using their default settings. This is equivalent to running
 203        `git submodule update --init --recursive` immediately after
 204        the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned
 205        repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of
 206        `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given)
 207
 208--separate-git-dir=<git dir>::
 209        Instead of placing the cloned repository where it is supposed
 210        to be, place the cloned repository at the specified directory,
 211        then make a filesytem-agnostic git symbolic link to there.
 212        The result is git repository can be separated from working
 213        tree.
 214
 215
 216<repository>::
 217        The (possibly remote) repository to clone from.  See the
 218        <<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
 219        repositories.
 220
 221<directory>::
 222        The name of a new directory to clone into.  The "humanish"
 223        part of the source repository is used if no directory is
 224        explicitly given (`repo` for `/path/to/repo.git` and `foo`
 225        for `host.xz:foo/.git`).  Cloning into an existing directory
 226        is only allowed if the directory is empty.
 227
 228:git-clone: 1
 229include::urls.txt[]
 230
 231Examples
 232--------
 233
 234* Clone from upstream:
 235+
 236------------
 237$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6
 238$ cd my2.6
 239$ make
 240------------
 241
 242
 243* Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out:
 244+
 245------------
 246$ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
 247$ cd ../copy
 248$ git show-branch
 249------------
 250
 251
 252* Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory:
 253+
 254------------
 255$ git clone --reference my2.6 \
 256        git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.7 \
 257        my2.7
 258$ cd my2.7
 259------------
 260
 261
 262* Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public:
 263+
 264------------
 265$ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git
 266------------
 267
 268
 269* Create a repository on the kernel.org machine that borrows from Linus:
 270+
 271------------
 272$ git clone --bare -l -s /pub/scm/.../torvalds/linux-2.6.git \
 273    /pub/scm/.../me/subsys-2.6.git
 274------------
 275
 276GIT
 277---
 278Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite