Documentation / git-diff-cache.txton commit [PATCH] git-cvs2git: create tags (32798c7)
   1git-diff-cache(1)
   2=================
   3v0.1, May 2005
   4
   5NAME
   6----
   7git-diff-cache - Compares content and mode of blobs between the cache and repository
   8
   9
  10SYNOPSIS
  11--------
  12'git-diff-cache' [-p] [-r] [-z] [-m] [-B] [-M] [-R] [-C] [-O<orderfile>] [-S<string>] [--pickaxe-all] [--cached] <tree-ish> [<path>...]
  13
  14DESCRIPTION
  15-----------
  16Compares the content and mode of the blobs found via a tree
  17object with the content of the current cache and, optionally
  18ignoring the stat state of the file on disk.  When paths are
  19specified, compares only those named paths.  Otherwise all
  20entries in the cache are compared.
  21
  22OPTIONS
  23-------
  24<tree-ish>::
  25        The id of a tree object to diff against.
  26
  27-p::
  28        Generate patch (see section on generating patches)
  29
  30-r::
  31        This flag does not mean anything.  It is there only to match
  32        "git-diff-tree".  Unlike "git-diff-tree", "git-diff-cache"
  33        always looks at all the subdirectories.
  34
  35-z::
  36        \0 line termination on output
  37
  38-B::
  39        Break complete rewrite changes into pairs of delete and create.
  40
  41-M::
  42        Detect renames.
  43
  44-C::
  45        Detect copies as well as renames.
  46
  47-S<string>::
  48        Look for differences that contains the change in <string>.
  49
  50--pickaxe-all::
  51        When -S finds a change, show all the changes in that
  52        changeset, not just the files that contains the change
  53        in <string>.
  54
  55-O<orderfile>::
  56        Output the patch in the order specified in the
  57        <orderfile>, which has one shell glob pattern per line.
  58
  59-R::
  60        Swap two inputs; that is, show differences from cache or
  61        on-disk file to tree contents.
  62
  63--cached::
  64        do not consider the on-disk file at all
  65
  66-m::
  67        By default, files recorded in the index but not checked
  68        out are reported as deleted.  This flag makes
  69        "git-diff-cache" say that all non-checked-out files are up
  70        to date.
  71
  72Output format
  73-------------
  74include::diff-format.txt[]
  75
  76Operating Modes
  77---------------
  78You can choose whether you want to trust the index file entirely
  79(using the '--cached' flag) or ask the diff logic to show any files
  80that don't match the stat state as being "tentatively changed".  Both
  81of these operations are very useful indeed.
  82
  83Cached Mode
  84-----------
  85If '--cached' is specified, it allows you to ask:
  86
  87        show me the differences between HEAD and the current index
  88        contents (the ones I'd write with a "git-write-tree")
  89
  90For example, let's say that you have worked on your index file, and are
  91ready to commit. You want to see eactly *what* you are going to commit is
  92without having to write a new tree object and compare it that way, and to
  93do that, you just do
  94
  95        git-diff-cache --cached $(cat .git/HEAD)
  96
  97Example: let's say I had renamed `commit.c` to `git-commit.c`, and I had
  98done an "git-update-cache" to make that effective in the index file.
  99"git-diff-files" wouldn't show anything at all, since the index file
 100matches my working directory. But doing a "git-diff-cache" does:
 101
 102  torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git-diff-cache --cached $(cat .git/HEAD)
 103  -100644 blob    4161aecc6700a2eb579e842af0b7f22b98443f74        commit.c
 104  +100644 blob    4161aecc6700a2eb579e842af0b7f22b98443f74        git-commit.c
 105
 106You can trivially see that the above is a rename.
 107
 108In fact, "git-diff-cache --cached" *should* always be entirely equivalent to
 109actually doing a "git-write-tree" and comparing that. Except this one is much
 110nicer for the case where you just want to check where you are.
 111
 112So doing a "git-diff-cache --cached" is basically very useful when you are 
 113asking yourself "what have I already marked for being committed, and 
 114what's the difference to a previous tree".
 115
 116Non-cached Mode
 117---------------
 118The "non-cached" mode takes a different approach, and is potentially
 119the more useful of the two in that what it does can't be emulated with
 120a "git-write-tree" + "git-diff-tree". Thus that's the default mode.
 121The non-cached version asks the question:
 122
 123   show me the differences between HEAD and the currently checked out
 124   tree - index contents _and_ files that aren't up-to-date
 125
 126which is obviously a very useful question too, since that tells you what
 127you *could* commit. Again, the output matches the "git-diff-tree -r"
 128output to a tee, but with a twist.
 129
 130The twist is that if some file doesn't match the cache, we don't have
 131a backing store thing for it, and we use the magic "all-zero" sha1 to
 132show that. So let's say that you have edited `kernel/sched.c`, but
 133have not actually done a "git-update-cache" on it yet - there is no
 134"object" associated with the new state, and you get:
 135
 136  torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git-diff-cache $(cat .git/HEAD )
 137  *100644->100664 blob    7476bb......->000000......      kernel/sched.c
 138
 139ie it shows that the tree has changed, and that `kernel/sched.c` has is
 140not up-to-date and may contain new stuff. The all-zero sha1 means that to
 141get the real diff, you need to look at the object in the working directory
 142directly rather than do an object-to-object diff.
 143
 144NOTE! As with other commands of this type, "git-diff-cache" does not
 145actually look at the contents of the file at all. So maybe
 146`kernel/sched.c` hasn't actually changed, and it's just that you
 147touched it. In either case, it's a note that you need to
 148"git-upate-cache" it to make the cache be in sync.
 149
 150NOTE 2! You can have a mixture of files show up as "has been updated"
 151and "is still dirty in the working directory" together. You can always
 152tell which file is in which state, since the "has been updated" ones
 153show a valid sha1, and the "not in sync with the index" ones will
 154always have the special all-zero sha1.
 155
 156
 157Author
 158------
 159Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 160
 161Documentation
 162--------------
 163Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 164
 165GIT
 166---
 167Part of the link:git.html[git] suite
 168