Andrew's git - gitweb.git/blob

   1#include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2#include "win32.h"
   3#include <conio.h>
   4#include <wchar.h>
   5#include "../strbuf.h"
   6#include "../run-command.h"
   7#include "../cache.h"
   8
   9static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
  10
  11int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  12{
  13        int error = ENOSYS;
  14        switch(winerr) {
  15        case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  16        case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  17        case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  18        case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  19        case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  20        case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  21        case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  22        case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  23        case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  24        case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  25        case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  26        case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  27        case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  28        case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  29        case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  30        case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  31        case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  32        case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  33        case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  34        case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  35        case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  36        case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  37        case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  38        case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  39        case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  40        case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  41        case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  42        case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  43        case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  44        case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  45        case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  46        case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  47        case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  48        case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  49        case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  50        case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  51        case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  52        case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  53        case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  54        case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  55        case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  56        case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  57        case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  58        case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  59        case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  60        case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  61        case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  62        case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  63        case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  64        case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  65        case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  66        case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  67        case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  68        case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  69        case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  70        case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  71        case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  72        case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  73        case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  74        case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  75        case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  76        case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  77        case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  78        case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  79        case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  80        case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  81        case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  82        case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  83        case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  84        case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  85        case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  86        case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  87        case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  88        case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  89        case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  90        case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  91        case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  92        case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  93        case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  94        case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  95        case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  96        case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
  97        case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  98        case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
  99        case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 100        case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 101        case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 102        case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 103        case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 104        case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 105        case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 106        case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 107        case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 108        case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 109        case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 110        case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 111        case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 112        case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 113        case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 114        case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 115        case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 116        case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 117        case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 118        case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 119        case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 120        }
 121        return error;
 122}
 123
 124static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 125{
 126        switch (errcode) {
 127        case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 128        case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 129                return 1;
 130        }
 131
 132        return 0;
 133}
 134
 135static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 136{
 137        char answer[1024];
 138
 139        if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 140                size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 141                int got_full_line = 0, c;
 142
 143                /* remove the newline */
 144                if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 145                        answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 146                        got_full_line = 1;
 147                } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 148                        answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 149                        got_full_line = 1;
 150                }
 151                /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 152                if (!got_full_line)
 153                        while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 154                                ;
 155        } else
 156                /* we could not read, return the
 157                 * default answer which is no */
 158                return 0;
 159
 160        if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 161                return 1;
 162        if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 163                return 1;
 164        if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 165                return 0;
 166        if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 167                return 0;
 168
 169        /* did not find an answer we understand */
 170        return -1;
 171}
 172
 173static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 174{
 175        char question[4096];
 176        const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 177        va_list args;
 178
 179        va_start(args, format);
 180        vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 181        va_end(args);
 182
 183        if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 184                retry_hook[1] = question;
 185                return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 186        }
 187
 188        if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 189                return 0;
 190
 191        while (1) {
 192                int answer;
 193                fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 194
 195                if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 196                        return answer;
 197
 198                fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 199                                "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 200        }
 201}
 202
 203int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 204{
 205        int ret, tries = 0;
 206        wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 207        if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 208                return -1;
 209
 210        /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 211        _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 212        while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 213                if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 214                        break;
 215                /*
 216                 * We assume that some other process had the source or
 217                 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 218                 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 219                 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 220                 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 221                 */
 222                Sleep(delay[tries]);
 223                tries++;
 224        }
 225        while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 226               ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 227                        "Should I try again?", pathname))
 228               ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 229        return ret;
 230}
 231
 232static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 233{
 234        WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 235        HANDLE handle;
 236        wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 237        wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 238        wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 239        handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 240        if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 241                return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 242
 243        while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 244                        !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 245                if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 246                        DWORD err = GetLastError();
 247                        FindClose(handle);
 248                        return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 249                }
 250        FindClose(handle);
 251        return 0;
 252}
 253
 254int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 255{
 256        int ret, tries = 0;
 257        wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 258        if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 259                return -1;
 260
 261        while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 262                if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 263                        errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 264                if (errno != EACCES)
 265                        break;
 266                if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 267                        errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 268                        break;
 269                }
 270                /*
 271                 * We assume that some other process had the source or
 272                 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 273                 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 274                 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 275                 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 276                 */
 277                Sleep(delay[tries]);
 278                tries++;
 279        }
 280        while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 281               ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 282                        "Should I try again?", pathname))
 283               ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 284        return ret;
 285}
 286
 287int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 288{
 289        int ret;
 290        wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 291        if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 292                return -1;
 293        ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 294        return ret;
 295}
 296
 297int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 298{
 299        va_list args;
 300        unsigned mode;
 301        int fd;
 302        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 303
 304        va_start(args, oflags);
 305        mode = va_arg(args, int);
 306        va_end(args);
 307
 308        if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 309                filename = "nul";
 310
 311        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 312                return -1;
 313        fd = _wopen(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 314
 315        if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_CREAT) && errno == EACCES) {
 316                DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 317                if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 318                        errno = EISDIR;
 319        }
 320        return fd;
 321}
 322
 323static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 324{
 325        return TRUE;
 326}
 327
 328#undef fgetc
 329int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 330{
 331        int ch;
 332        if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 333                return fgetc(stream);
 334
 335        SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 336        while (1) {
 337                ch = fgetc(stream);
 338                if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 339                        break;
 340
 341                /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 342                mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 343        }
 344        SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 345        return ch;
 346}
 347
 348#undef fopen
 349FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 350{
 351        FILE *file;
 352        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 353        if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 354                filename = "nul";
 355        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 356                xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 357                return NULL;
 358        file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 359        return file;
 360}
 361
 362FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 363{
 364        FILE *file;
 365        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 366        if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 367                filename = "nul";
 368        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 369                xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 370                return NULL;
 371        file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 372        return file;
 373}
 374
 375#undef fflush
 376int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 377{
 378        int ret = fflush(stream);
 379
 380        /*
 381         * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 382         * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 383         * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 384         * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 385         * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 386         * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 387         * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 388         * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 389         * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 390         */
 391        if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 392                errno = EPIPE;
 393
 394        return ret;
 395}
 396
 397int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 398{
 399        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 400        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 401                return -1;
 402        /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 403        return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 404}
 405
 406int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 407{
 408        wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 409        if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 410                return -1;
 411        return _wchdir(wdirname);
 412}
 413
 414int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 415{
 416        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 417        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 418                return -1;
 419        return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 420}
 421
 422/*
 423 * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 424 * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 425 */
 426static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 427{
 428        long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 429        /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 430        return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 431}
 432
 433static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 434{
 435        return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 436}
 437
 438/* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 439 * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 440 * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 441 *
 442 * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 443 * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 444 */
 445static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 446{
 447        WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 448        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 449        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 450                return -1;
 451
 452        if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 453                buf->st_ino = 0;
 454                buf->st_gid = 0;
 455                buf->st_uid = 0;
 456                buf->st_nlink = 1;
 457                buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 458                buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 459                        (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 460                buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 461                buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 462                buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 463                buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 464                if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 465                        WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 466                        HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 467                        if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 468                                if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 469                                                (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 470                                        if (follow) {
 471                                                char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 472                                                buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 473                                        } else {
 474                                                buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 475                                        }
 476                                        buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 477                                        if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 478                                                buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 479                                }
 480                                FindClose(handle);
 481                        }
 482                }
 483                return 0;
 484        }
 485        switch (GetLastError()) {
 486        case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 487        case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 488        case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 489        case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 490                errno = EACCES;
 491                break;
 492        case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 493                errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 494                break;
 495        case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 496                errno = ENOMEM;
 497                break;
 498        default:
 499                errno = ENOENT;
 500                break;
 501        }
 502        return -1;
 503}
 504
 505/* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 506 * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 507 * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 508 * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 509 * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 510 */
 511static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 512{
 513        int namelen;
 514        char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 515
 516        if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 517                return 0;
 518
 519        /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 520         * try again without trailing slashes
 521         */
 522        if (errno != ENOENT)
 523                return -1;
 524
 525        namelen = strlen(file_name);
 526        if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 527                return -1;
 528        while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 529                --namelen;
 530        if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 531                return -1;
 532
 533        memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 534        alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 535        return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 536}
 537
 538int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 539{
 540        return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 541}
 542int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 543{
 544        return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 545}
 546
 547int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 548{
 549        HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 550        BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 551
 552        if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 553                errno = EBADF;
 554                return -1;
 555        }
 556        /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 557        if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 558                return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 559
 560        if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 561                buf->st_ino = 0;
 562                buf->st_gid = 0;
 563                buf->st_uid = 0;
 564                buf->st_nlink = 1;
 565                buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 566                buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 567                        (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 568                buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 569                buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 570                buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 571                buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 572                return 0;
 573        }
 574        errno = EBADF;
 575        return -1;
 576}
 577
 578static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 579{
 580        long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 581        ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 582        ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 583}
 584
 585int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 586{
 587        FILETIME mft, aft;
 588        int fh, rc;
 589        DWORD attrs;
 590        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 591        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 592                return -1;
 593
 594        /* must have write permission */
 595        attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 596        if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 597            (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 598                /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 599                SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 600        }
 601
 602        if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 603                rc = -1;
 604                goto revert_attrs;
 605        }
 606
 607        if (times) {
 608                time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 609                time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 610        } else {
 611                GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 612                aft = mft;
 613        }
 614        if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 615                errno = EINVAL;
 616                rc = -1;
 617        } else
 618                rc = 0;
 619        close(fh);
 620
 621revert_attrs:
 622        if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 623            (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 624                /* ignore errors again */
 625                SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 626        }
 627        return rc;
 628}
 629
 630unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 631{
 632        Sleep(seconds*1000);
 633        return 0;
 634}
 635
 636char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 637{
 638        wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 639        if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 640                return NULL;
 641        if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 642                return NULL;
 643        if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 644                return NULL;
 645        return template;
 646}
 647
 648int mkstemp(char *template)
 649{
 650        char *filename = mktemp(template);
 651        if (filename == NULL)
 652                return -1;
 653        return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 654}
 655
 656int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 657{
 658        FILETIME ft;
 659        long long hnsec;
 660
 661        GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 662        hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 663        tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 664        tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 665        return 0;
 666}
 667
 668int pipe(int filedes[2])
 669{
 670        HANDLE h[2];
 671
 672        /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 673        if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 674                errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 675                return -1;
 676        }
 677        filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[0], O_NOINHERIT);
 678        if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 679                CloseHandle(h[0]);
 680                CloseHandle(h[1]);
 681                return -1;
 682        }
 683        filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle((int)h[1], O_NOINHERIT);
 684        if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 685                close(filedes[0]);
 686                CloseHandle(h[1]);
 687                return -1;
 688        }
 689        return 0;
 690}
 691
 692struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 693{
 694        /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 695        memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 696        return result;
 697}
 698
 699struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 700{
 701        /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 702        memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 703        return result;
 704}
 705
 706char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 707{
 708        int i;
 709        wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 710        if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 711                return NULL;
 712        if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 713                return NULL;
 714        for (i = 0; pointer[i]; i++)
 715                if (pointer[i] == '\\')
 716                        pointer[i] = '/';
 717        return pointer;
 718}
 719
 720/*
 721 * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 722 * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 723 */
 724static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 725{
 726        /* count chars to quote */
 727        int len = 0, n = 0;
 728        int force_quotes = 0;
 729        char *q, *d;
 730        const char *p = arg;
 731        if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 732        while (*p) {
 733                if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 734                        force_quotes = 1;
 735                else if (*p == '"')
 736                        n++;
 737                else if (*p == '\\') {
 738                        int count = 0;
 739                        while (*p == '\\') {
 740                                count++;
 741                                p++;
 742                                len++;
 743                        }
 744                        if (*p == '"')
 745                                n += count*2 + 1;
 746                        continue;
 747                }
 748                len++;
 749                p++;
 750        }
 751        if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 752                return arg;
 753
 754        /* insert \ where necessary */
 755        d = q = xmalloc(len+n+3);
 756        *d++ = '"';
 757        while (*arg) {
 758                if (*arg == '"')
 759                        *d++ = '\\';
 760                else if (*arg == '\\') {
 761                        int count = 0;
 762                        while (*arg == '\\') {
 763                                count++;
 764                                *d++ = *arg++;
 765                        }
 766                        if (*arg == '"') {
 767                                while (count-- > 0)
 768                                        *d++ = '\\';
 769                                *d++ = '\\';
 770                        }
 771                }
 772                *d++ = *arg++;
 773        }
 774        *d++ = '"';
 775        *d++ = 0;
 776        return q;
 777}
 778
 779static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 780{
 781        static char buf[100];
 782        char *p, *opt;
 783        int n, fd;
 784
 785        /* don't even try a .exe */
 786        n = strlen(cmd);
 787        if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 788                return NULL;
 789
 790        fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
 791        if (fd < 0)
 792                return NULL;
 793        n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
 794        close(fd);
 795        if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
 796                return NULL;
 797
 798        if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
 799                return NULL;
 800        buf[n] = '\0';
 801        p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
 802        if (!*p)
 803                return NULL;
 804
 805        *p = '\0';
 806        if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
 807                return NULL;
 808        /* strip options */
 809        if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
 810                *opt = '\0';
 811        return p+1;
 812}
 813
 814/*
 815 * Splits the PATH into parts.
 816 */
 817static char **get_path_split(void)
 818{
 819        char *p, **path, *envpath = mingw_getenv("PATH");
 820        int i, n = 0;
 821
 822        if (!envpath || !*envpath)
 823                return NULL;
 824
 825        envpath = xstrdup(envpath);
 826        p = envpath;
 827        while (p) {
 828                char *dir = p;
 829                p = strchr(p, ';');
 830                if (p) *p++ = '\0';
 831                if (*dir) {     /* not earlier, catches series of ; */
 832                        ++n;
 833                }
 834        }
 835        if (!n)
 836                return NULL;
 837
 838        path = xmalloc((n+1)*sizeof(char *));
 839        p = envpath;
 840        i = 0;
 841        do {
 842                if (*p)
 843                        path[i++] = xstrdup(p);
 844                p = p+strlen(p)+1;
 845        } while (i < n);
 846        path[i] = NULL;
 847
 848        free(envpath);
 849
 850        return path;
 851}
 852
 853static void free_path_split(char **path)
 854{
 855        char **p = path;
 856
 857        if (!path)
 858                return;
 859
 860        while (*p)
 861                free(*p++);
 862        free(path);
 863}
 864
 865/*
 866 * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
 867 * (which do not have an extension)
 868 */
 869static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, const char *cmd, int isexe, int exe_only)
 870{
 871        char path[MAX_PATH];
 872        snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s.exe", dir, cmd);
 873
 874        if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 875                return xstrdup(path);
 876        path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
 877        if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
 878                if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 879                        return xstrdup(path);
 880        return NULL;
 881}
 882
 883/*
 884 * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
 885 * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
 886 */
 887static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, char **path, int exe_only)
 888{
 889        char *prog = NULL;
 890        int len = strlen(cmd);
 891        int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
 892
 893        if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
 894                prog = xstrdup(cmd);
 895
 896        while (!prog && *path)
 897                prog = lookup_prog(*path++, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
 898
 899        return prog;
 900}
 901
 902static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old);
 903
 904/* used number of elements of environ array, including terminating NULL */
 905static int environ_size = 0;
 906/* allocated size of environ array, in bytes */
 907static int environ_alloc = 0;
 908
 909/*
 910 * Create environment block suitable for CreateProcess. Merges current
 911 * process environment and the supplied environment changes.
 912 */
 913static wchar_t *make_environment_block(char **deltaenv)
 914{
 915        wchar_t *wenvblk = NULL;
 916        char **tmpenv;
 917        int i = 0, size = environ_size, wenvsz = 0, wenvpos = 0;
 918
 919        while (deltaenv && deltaenv[i])
 920                i++;
 921
 922        /* copy the environment, leaving space for changes */
 923        tmpenv = xmalloc((size + i) * sizeof(char*));
 924        memcpy(tmpenv, environ, size * sizeof(char*));
 925
 926        /* merge supplied environment changes into the temporary environment */
 927        for (i = 0; deltaenv && deltaenv[i]; i++)
 928                size = do_putenv(tmpenv, deltaenv[i], size, 0);
 929
 930        /* create environment block from temporary environment */
 931        for (i = 0; tmpenv[i]; i++) {
 932                size = 2 * strlen(tmpenv[i]) + 2; /* +2 for final \0 */
 933                ALLOC_GROW(wenvblk, (wenvpos + size) * sizeof(wchar_t), wenvsz);
 934                wenvpos += xutftowcs(&wenvblk[wenvpos], tmpenv[i], size) + 1;
 935        }
 936        /* add final \0 terminator */
 937        wenvblk[wenvpos] = 0;
 938        free(tmpenv);
 939        return wenvblk;
 940}
 941
 942struct pinfo_t {
 943        struct pinfo_t *next;
 944        pid_t pid;
 945        HANDLE proc;
 946};
 947static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
 948CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
 949
 950static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
 951                              const char *dir,
 952                              int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
 953{
 954        STARTUPINFOW si;
 955        PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
 956        struct strbuf args;
 957        wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
 958        unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
 959        BOOL ret;
 960
 961        /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
 962        HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
 963                        FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
 964                        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
 965        if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 966                /* There is no console associated with this process.
 967                 * Since the child is a console process, Windows
 968                 * would normally create a console window. But
 969                 * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
 970                 * not need the console.
 971                 * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
 972                 * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
 973                 * recognize that it has no console.
 974                 */
 975                flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
 976        } else {
 977                /* There is already a console. If we specified
 978                 * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
 979                 * disassociate the child from the console.
 980                 * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
 981                 * Go figure!
 982                 */
 983                CloseHandle(cons);
 984        }
 985        memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
 986        si.cb = sizeof(si);
 987        si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
 988        si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
 989        si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
 990        si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
 991
 992        if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
 993                return -1;
 994        if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
 995                return -1;
 996
 997        /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
 998        strbuf_init(&args, 0);
 999        if (prepend_cmd) {
1000                char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
1001                strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1002                if (quoted != cmd)
1003                        free(quoted);
1004        }
1005        for (; *argv; argv++) {
1006                char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
1007                if (*args.buf)
1008                        strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
1009                strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1010                if (quoted != *argv)
1011                        free(quoted);
1012        }
1013
1014        wargs = xmalloc((2 * args.len + 1) * sizeof(wchar_t));
1015        xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
1016        strbuf_release(&args);
1017
1018        wenvblk = make_environment_block(deltaenv);
1019
1020        memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1021        ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1022                wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1023
1024        free(wenvblk);
1025        free(wargs);
1026
1027        if (!ret) {
1028                errno = ENOENT;
1029                return -1;
1030        }
1031        CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1032
1033        /*
1034         * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1035         * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1036         * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1037         * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1038         * handle after the process terminated.
1039         * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1040         */
1041        EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1042        {
1043                struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1044                info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1045                info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1046                info->next = pinfo;
1047                pinfo = info;
1048        }
1049        LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1050
1051        return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1052}
1053
1054static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1055{
1056        return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, NULL, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1057}
1058
1059pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1060                     const char *dir,
1061                     int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1062{
1063        pid_t pid;
1064        char **path = get_path_split();
1065        char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1066
1067        if (!prog) {
1068                errno = ENOENT;
1069                pid = -1;
1070        }
1071        else {
1072                const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1073
1074                if (interpr) {
1075                        const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1076                        char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1077                        argv[0] = prog;
1078                        if (!iprog) {
1079                                errno = ENOENT;
1080                                pid = -1;
1081                        }
1082                        else {
1083                                pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 1,
1084                                                       fhin, fhout, fherr);
1085                                free(iprog);
1086                        }
1087                        argv[0] = argv0;
1088                }
1089                else
1090                        pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 0,
1091                                               fhin, fhout, fherr);
1092                free(prog);
1093        }
1094        free_path_split(path);
1095        return pid;
1096}
1097
1098static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1099{
1100        const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1101        char **path;
1102        char *prog;
1103        int pid = 0;
1104
1105        if (!interpr)
1106                return 0;
1107        path = get_path_split();
1108        prog = path_lookup(interpr, path, 1);
1109        if (prog) {
1110                int argc = 0;
1111                const char **argv2;
1112                while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1113                argv2 = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (argc+1));
1114                argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1115                memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1116                pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1117                if (pid >= 0) {
1118                        int status;
1119                        if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1120                                status = 255;
1121                        exit(status);
1122                }
1123                pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1124                free(prog);
1125                free(argv2);
1126        }
1127        free_path_split(path);
1128        return pid;
1129}
1130
1131int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1132{
1133        /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1134        if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1135                int pid, status;
1136
1137                pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1138                if (pid < 0)
1139                        return -1;
1140                if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1141                        status = 255;
1142                exit(status);
1143        }
1144        return -1;
1145}
1146
1147int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1148{
1149        char **path = get_path_split();
1150        char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
1151
1152        if (prog) {
1153                mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1154                free(prog);
1155        } else
1156                errno = ENOENT;
1157
1158        free_path_split(path);
1159        return -1;
1160}
1161
1162int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1163{
1164        if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1165                HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1166
1167                if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1168                        CloseHandle(h);
1169                        return 0;
1170                }
1171
1172                errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1173                CloseHandle(h);
1174                return -1;
1175        } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1176                HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1177                if (h) {
1178                        CloseHandle(h);
1179                        return 0;
1180                }
1181        }
1182
1183        errno = EINVAL;
1184        return -1;
1185}
1186
1187/*
1188 * Compare environment entries by key (i.e. stopping at '=' or '\0').
1189 */
1190static int compareenv(const void *v1, const void *v2)
1191{
1192        const char *e1 = *(const char**)v1;
1193        const char *e2 = *(const char**)v2;
1194
1195        for (;;) {
1196                int c1 = *e1++;
1197                int c2 = *e2++;
1198                c1 = (c1 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c1);
1199                c2 = (c2 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c2);
1200                if (c1 > c2)
1201                        return 1;
1202                if (c1 < c2)
1203                        return -1;
1204                if (c1 == 0)
1205                        return 0;
1206        }
1207}
1208
1209static int bsearchenv(char **env, const char *name, size_t size)
1210{
1211        unsigned low = 0, high = size;
1212        while (low < high) {
1213                unsigned mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1);
1214                int cmp = compareenv(&env[mid], &name);
1215                if (cmp < 0)
1216                        low = mid + 1;
1217                else if (cmp > 0)
1218                        high = mid;
1219                else
1220                        return mid;
1221        }
1222        return ~low; /* not found, return 1's complement of insert position */
1223}
1224
1225/*
1226 * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1227 * Size includes the terminating NULL. Env must have room for size + 1 entries
1228 * (in case of insert). Returns the new size. Optionally frees removed entries.
1229 */
1230static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old)
1231{
1232        int i = bsearchenv(env, name, size - 1);
1233
1234        /* optionally free removed / replaced entry */
1235        if (i >= 0 && free_old)
1236                free(env[i]);
1237
1238        if (strchr(name, '=')) {
1239                /* if new value ('key=value') is specified, insert or replace entry */
1240                if (i < 0) {
1241                        i = ~i;
1242                        memmove(&env[i + 1], &env[i], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
1243                        size++;
1244                }
1245                env[i] = (char*) name;
1246        } else if (i >= 0) {
1247                /* otherwise ('key') remove existing entry */
1248                size--;
1249                memmove(&env[i], &env[i + 1], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
1250        }
1251        return size;
1252}
1253
1254static char *do_getenv(const char *name)
1255{
1256        char *value;
1257        int pos = bsearchenv(environ, name, environ_size - 1);
1258        if (pos < 0)
1259                return NULL;
1260        value = strchr(environ[pos], '=');
1261        return value ? &value[1] : NULL;
1262}
1263
1264char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1265{
1266        char *result = do_getenv(name);
1267        if (!result && !strcmp(name, "TMPDIR")) {
1268                /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
1269                result = do_getenv("TMP");
1270                if (!result)
1271                        result = do_getenv("TEMP");
1272        }
1273        return result;
1274}
1275
1276int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
1277{
1278        ALLOC_GROW(environ, (environ_size + 1) * sizeof(char*), environ_alloc);
1279        environ_size = do_putenv(environ, namevalue, environ_size, 1);
1280        return 0;
1281}
1282
1283/*
1284 * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1285 * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1286 * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1287 * if one was found.
1288 */
1289static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1290                                   const struct addrinfo *hints,
1291                                   struct addrinfo **res)
1292{
1293        struct hostent *h = NULL;
1294        struct addrinfo *ai;
1295        struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1296
1297        if (node) {
1298                h = gethostbyname(node);
1299                if (!h)
1300                        return WSAGetLastError();
1301        }
1302
1303        ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1304        *res = ai;
1305        ai->ai_flags = 0;
1306        ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1307        ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1308        switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1309        case SOCK_STREAM:
1310                ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1311                break;
1312        case SOCK_DGRAM:
1313                ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1314                break;
1315        default:
1316                ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1317                break;
1318        }
1319        ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1320        if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1321                ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1322        else
1323                ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1324
1325        sin = xmalloc(ai->ai_addrlen);
1326        memset(sin, 0, ai->ai_addrlen);
1327        sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1328        /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1329         * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1330         * currently not implemented */
1331        if (service)
1332                sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1333        if (h)
1334                sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1335        else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1336                sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1337        else
1338                sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1339        ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1340        ai->ai_next = NULL;
1341        return 0;
1342}
1343
1344static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1345{
1346        free(res->ai_canonname);
1347        free(res->ai_addr);
1348        free(res);
1349}
1350
1351static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1352                                   char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1353                                   char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1354{
1355        const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1356        if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1357                return EAI_FAMILY;
1358        if (!host && !serv)
1359                return EAI_NONAME;
1360
1361        if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1362                struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1363                if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1364                        ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1365                                            sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1366
1367                if (ent)
1368                        snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1369                else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1370                        return EAI_NONAME;
1371                else
1372                        snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1373        }
1374
1375        if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1376                struct servent *ent = NULL;
1377                if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1378                        ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1379                                            flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1380
1381                if (ent)
1382                        snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1383                else
1384                        snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1385        }
1386
1387        return 0;
1388}
1389
1390static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1391static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1392static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1393                                      const struct addrinfo *hints,
1394                                      struct addrinfo **res);
1395static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1396                                      char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1397                                      char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1398/*
1399 * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1400 * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1401 */
1402
1403static void socket_cleanup(void)
1404{
1405        WSACleanup();
1406        if (ipv6_dll)
1407                FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1408        ipv6_dll = NULL;
1409        ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1410        ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1411        ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1412}
1413
1414static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1415{
1416        WSADATA wsa;
1417        static int initialized = 0;
1418        const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1419        const char **name;
1420
1421        if (initialized)
1422                return;
1423
1424        if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1425                die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1426                        WSAGetLastError());
1427
1428        for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1429                ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1430                if (!ipv6_dll)
1431                        continue;
1432
1433                ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1434                        GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1435                ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1436                                                   const struct addrinfo *,
1437                                                   struct addrinfo **))
1438                        GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1439                ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1440                                                   socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1441                                                   char *, DWORD, int))
1442                        GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1443                if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1444                        FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1445                        ipv6_dll = NULL;
1446                } else
1447                        break;
1448        }
1449        if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1450                ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1451                ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1452                ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1453        }
1454
1455        atexit(socket_cleanup);
1456        initialized = 1;
1457}
1458
1459#undef gethostname
1460int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1461{
1462    ensure_socket_initialization();
1463    return gethostname(name, namelen);
1464}
1465
1466#undef gethostbyname
1467struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1468{
1469        ensure_socket_initialization();
1470        return gethostbyname(host);
1471}
1472
1473void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1474{
1475        ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1476}
1477
1478int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1479                      const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1480{
1481        ensure_socket_initialization();
1482        return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1483}
1484
1485int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1486                      char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1487                      int flags)
1488{
1489        ensure_socket_initialization();
1490        return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1491}
1492
1493int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1494{
1495        int sockfd;
1496        SOCKET s;
1497
1498        ensure_socket_initialization();
1499        s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1500        if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1501                /*
1502                 * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1503                 * biased by WSABASEERR.
1504                 * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1505                 * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1506                 * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1507                 * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1508                 * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1509                 */
1510                errno = WSAGetLastError();
1511                return -1;
1512        }
1513        /* convert into a file descriptor */
1514        if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1515                closesocket(s);
1516                return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1517                        strerror(errno));
1518        }
1519        return sockfd;
1520}
1521
1522#undef connect
1523int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1524{
1525        SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1526        return connect(s, sa, sz);
1527}
1528
1529#undef bind
1530int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1531{
1532        SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1533        return bind(s, sa, sz);
1534}
1535
1536#undef setsockopt
1537int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1538{
1539        SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1540        return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1541}
1542
1543#undef shutdown
1544int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1545{
1546        SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1547        return shutdown(s, how);
1548}
1549
1550#undef listen
1551int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1552{
1553        SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1554        return listen(s, backlog);
1555}
1556
1557#undef accept
1558int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1559{
1560        int sockfd2;
1561
1562        SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1563        SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1564
1565        /* convert into a file descriptor */
1566        if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1567                int err = errno;
1568                closesocket(s2);
1569                return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1570                        strerror(err));
1571        }
1572        return sockfd2;
1573}
1574
1575#undef rename
1576int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1577{
1578        DWORD attrs, gle;
1579        int tries = 0;
1580        wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1581        if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1582                return -1;
1583
1584        /*
1585         * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1586         * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1587         */
1588        if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1589                return 0;
1590        if (errno != EEXIST)
1591                return -1;
1592repeat:
1593        if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1594                return 0;
1595        /* TODO: translate more errors */
1596        gle = GetLastError();
1597        if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1598            (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1599                if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1600                        errno = EISDIR;
1601                        return -1;
1602                }
1603                if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1604                    SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1605                        if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1606                                return 0;
1607                        gle = GetLastError();
1608                        /* revert file attributes on failure */
1609                        SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1610                }
1611        }
1612        if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1613                /*
1614                 * We assume that some other process had the source or
1615                 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1616                 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1617                 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1618                 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1619                 */
1620                Sleep(delay[tries]);
1621                tries++;
1622                goto repeat;
1623        }
1624        if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1625               ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1626                       "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1627                goto repeat;
1628
1629        errno = EACCES;
1630        return -1;
1631}
1632
1633/*
1634 * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1635 * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1636 * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1637 */
1638int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1639{
1640        SYSTEM_INFO si;
1641        GetSystemInfo(&si);
1642        return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1643}
1644
1645struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1646{
1647        static char user_name[100];
1648        static struct passwd p;
1649
1650        DWORD len = sizeof(user_name);
1651        if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len))
1652                return NULL;
1653        p.pw_name = user_name;
1654        p.pw_gecos = "unknown";
1655        p.pw_dir = NULL;
1656        return &p;
1657}
1658
1659static HANDLE timer_event;
1660static HANDLE timer_thread;
1661static int timer_interval;
1662static int one_shot;
1663static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1664
1665/* The timer works like this:
1666 * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1667 * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1668 * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1669 * state.
1670 * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1671 * length to call the signal handler.
1672 */
1673
1674static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1675{
1676        while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1677                mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1678                if (one_shot)
1679                        break;
1680        }
1681        return 0;
1682}
1683
1684static int start_timer_thread(void)
1685{
1686        timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1687        if (timer_event) {
1688                timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1689                if (!timer_thread )
1690                        return errno = ENOMEM,
1691                                error("cannot start timer thread");
1692        } else
1693                return errno = ENOMEM,
1694                        error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1695        return 0;
1696}
1697
1698static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1699{
1700        if (timer_event)
1701                SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1702        if (timer_thread) {
1703                int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1704                if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1705                        error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1706                else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1707                        error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1708                              GetLastError());
1709                CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1710        }
1711        if (timer_event)
1712                CloseHandle(timer_event);
1713        timer_event = NULL;
1714        timer_thread = NULL;
1715}
1716
1717static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1718{
1719        return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1720}
1721
1722int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1723{
1724        static const struct timeval zero;
1725        static int atexit_done;
1726
1727        if (out != NULL)
1728                return errno = EINVAL,
1729                        error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1730        if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1731            !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1732                return errno = EINVAL,
1733                        error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1734
1735        if (timer_thread)
1736                stop_timer_thread();
1737
1738        if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1739            is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1740                return 0;
1741
1742        timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1743        one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1744        if (!atexit_done) {
1745                atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1746                atexit_done = 1;
1747        }
1748        return start_timer_thread();
1749}
1750
1751int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1752{
1753        if (sig != SIGALRM)
1754                return errno = EINVAL,
1755                        error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1756        if (out != NULL)
1757                return errno = EINVAL,
1758                        error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1759
1760        timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1761        return 0;
1762}
1763
1764#undef signal
1765sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1766{
1767        sig_handler_t old;
1768
1769        switch (sig) {
1770        case SIGALRM:
1771                old = timer_fn;
1772                timer_fn = handler;
1773                break;
1774
1775        case SIGINT:
1776                old = sigint_fn;
1777                sigint_fn = handler;
1778                break;
1779
1780        default:
1781                return signal(sig, handler);
1782        }
1783
1784        return old;
1785}
1786
1787#undef raise
1788int mingw_raise(int sig)
1789{
1790        switch (sig) {
1791        case SIGALRM:
1792                if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1793                        if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1794                                fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1795                        exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1796                } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1797                        timer_fn(SIGALRM);
1798                return 0;
1799
1800        case SIGINT:
1801                if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
1802                        exit(128 + SIGINT);
1803                else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
1804                        sigint_fn(SIGINT);
1805                return 0;
1806
1807        default:
1808                return raise(sig);
1809        }
1810}
1811
1812
1813static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
1814{
1815        static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
1816        char *c;
1817
1818        if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
1819                die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
1820
1821        for (c = buf; *c; c++) {
1822                if (*c == '/')
1823                        *c = '\\';
1824        }
1825        return buf;
1826}
1827
1828void mingw_open_html(const char *unixpath)
1829{
1830        const char *htmlpath = make_backslash_path(unixpath);
1831        typedef HINSTANCE (WINAPI *T)(HWND, const char *,
1832                        const char *, const char *, const char *, INT);
1833        T ShellExecute;
1834        HMODULE shell32;
1835        int r;
1836
1837        shell32 = LoadLibrary("shell32.dll");
1838        if (!shell32)
1839                die("cannot load shell32.dll");
1840        ShellExecute = (T)GetProcAddress(shell32, "ShellExecuteA");
1841        if (!ShellExecute)
1842                die("cannot run browser");
1843
1844        printf("Launching default browser to display HTML ...\n");
1845        r = (int)ShellExecute(NULL, "open", htmlpath, NULL, "\\", SW_SHOWNORMAL);
1846        FreeLibrary(shell32);
1847        /* see the MSDN documentation referring to the result codes here */
1848        if (r <= 32) {
1849                die("failed to launch browser for %.*s", MAX_PATH, unixpath);
1850        }
1851}
1852
1853int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
1854{
1855        typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
1856        static T create_hard_link = NULL;
1857        wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
1858        if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
1859                xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
1860                return -1;
1861
1862        if (!create_hard_link) {
1863                create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
1864                        GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
1865                if (!create_hard_link)
1866                        create_hard_link = (T)-1;
1867        }
1868        if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
1869                errno = ENOSYS;
1870                return -1;
1871        }
1872        if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
1873                errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1874                return -1;
1875        }
1876        return 0;
1877}
1878
1879pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
1880{
1881        HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
1882            FALSE, pid);
1883        if (!h) {
1884                errno = ECHILD;
1885                return -1;
1886        }
1887
1888        if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
1889                if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
1890                        CloseHandle(h);
1891                        return 0;
1892                }
1893                options &= ~WNOHANG;
1894        }
1895
1896        if (options == 0) {
1897                struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
1898                if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
1899                        CloseHandle(h);
1900                        return 0;
1901                }
1902
1903                if (status)
1904                        GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
1905
1906                EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1907
1908                ppinfo = &pinfo;
1909                while (*ppinfo) {
1910                        struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
1911                        if (info->pid == pid) {
1912                                CloseHandle(info->proc);
1913                                *ppinfo = info->next;
1914                                free(info);
1915                                break;
1916                        }
1917                        ppinfo = &info->next;
1918                }
1919
1920                LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1921
1922                CloseHandle(h);
1923                return pid;
1924        }
1925        CloseHandle(h);
1926
1927        errno = EINVAL;
1928        return -1;
1929}
1930
1931int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
1932{
1933        int offset = 0;
1934        if (has_dos_drive_prefix(path))
1935                offset = 2;
1936
1937        /* unc paths */
1938        else if (is_dir_sep(path[0]) && is_dir_sep(path[1])) {
1939
1940                /* skip server name */
1941                char *pos = strpbrk(path + 2, "\\/");
1942                if (!pos)
1943                        return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
1944
1945                do {
1946                        pos++;
1947                } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
1948
1949                offset = pos - path;
1950        }
1951
1952        return offset + is_dir_sep(path[offset]);
1953}
1954
1955int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
1956{
1957        int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
1958        const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
1959        if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
1960                errno = EINVAL;
1961                return -1;
1962        }
1963        /* reserve space for \0 */
1964        wcslen--;
1965        if (utflen < 0)
1966                utflen = INT_MAX;
1967
1968        while (upos < utflen) {
1969                int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
1970                if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
1971                        break;
1972
1973                if (wpos >= wcslen) {
1974                        wcs[wpos] = 0;
1975                        errno = ERANGE;
1976                        return -1;
1977                }
1978
1979                if (c < 0x80) {
1980                        /* ASCII */
1981                        wcs[wpos++] = c;
1982                } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
1983                                (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1984                        /* 2-byte utf-8 */
1985                        c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
1986                        c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
1987                        wcs[wpos++] = c;
1988                } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
1989                                !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
1990                                (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
1991                                (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
1992                        /* 3-byte utf-8 */
1993                        c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
1994                        c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
1995                        c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
1996                        wcs[wpos++] = c;
1997                } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
1998                                wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
1999                                !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
2000                                !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
2001                                (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2002                                (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2003                                (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2004                        /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
2005                        c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
2006                        c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2007                        c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2008                        c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2009                        c -= 0x10000;
2010                        wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2011                        wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2012                } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2013                        /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2014                        wcs[wpos++] = c;
2015                } else {
2016                        /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2017                        static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2018                        wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2019                        if (wpos < wcslen)
2020                                wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2021                }
2022        }
2023        wcs[wpos] = 0;
2024        return wpos;
2025}
2026
2027int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2028{
2029        if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2030                errno = EINVAL;
2031                return -1;
2032        }
2033        utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2034        if (utflen)
2035                return utflen - 1;
2036        errno = ERANGE;
2037        return -1;
2038}
2039
2040/*
2041 * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2042 * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2043 */
2044int _CRT_glob = 0;
2045
2046typedef struct {
2047        int newmode;
2048} _startupinfo;
2049
2050extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2051                _startupinfo *si);
2052
2053static NORETURN void die_startup()
2054{
2055        fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2056        exit(128);
2057}
2058
2059static void *malloc_startup(size_t size)
2060{
2061        void *result = malloc(size);
2062        if (!result)
2063                die_startup();
2064        return result;
2065}
2066
2067static char *wcstoutfdup_startup(char *buffer, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t len)
2068{
2069        len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wcs, len) + 1;
2070        return memcpy(malloc_startup(len), buffer, len);
2071}
2072
2073void mingw_startup()
2074{
2075        int i, maxlen, argc;
2076        char *buffer;
2077        wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2078        _startupinfo si;
2079
2080        /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2081        si.newmode = 0;
2082        if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
2083                die_startup();
2084
2085        /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2086        maxlen = wcslen(_wpgmptr);
2087        for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2088                maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2089        for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2090                maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wenv[i]));
2091
2092        /*
2093         * nedmalloc can't free CRT memory, allocate resizable environment
2094         * list. Note that xmalloc / xmemdupz etc. call getenv, so we cannot
2095         * use it while initializing the environment itself.
2096         */
2097        environ_size = i + 1;
2098        environ_alloc = alloc_nr(environ_size * sizeof(char*));
2099        environ = malloc_startup(environ_alloc);
2100
2101        /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2102        maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2103        buffer = malloc_startup(maxlen);
2104
2105        /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2106        __argv[0] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, _wpgmptr, maxlen);
2107        for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2108                __argv[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2109        for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2110                environ[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
2111        environ[i] = NULL;
2112        free(buffer);
2113
2114        /* sort environment for O(log n) getenv / putenv */
2115        qsort(environ, i, sizeof(char*), compareenv);
2116
2117        /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2118        InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2119
2120        /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2121        _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2122        _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2123        _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2124        _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2125
2126        /* initialize Unicode console */
2127        winansi_init();
2128}