Documentation / git-format-patch.txton commit Fix typos / spelling in comments (3ea3c21)
   1git-format-patch(1)
   2===================
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-format-patch - Prepare patches for e-mail submission
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git format-patch' [-k] [-o <dir> | --stdout] [--thread]
  13                   [--attach[=<boundary>] | --inline[=<boundary>] |
  14                     [--no-attach]]
  15                   [-s | --signoff] [<common diff options>]
  16                   [-n | --numbered | -N | --no-numbered]
  17                   [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
  18                   [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
  19                   [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
  20                   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
  21                   [--cc=<email>]
  22                   [--cover-letter]
  23                   [ <since> | <revision range> ]
  24
  25DESCRIPTION
  26-----------
  27
  28Prepare each commit with its patch in
  29one file per commit, formatted to resemble UNIX mailbox format.
  30The output of this command is convenient for e-mail submission or
  31for use with 'git-am'.
  32
  33There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
  34
  351. A single commit, <since>, specifies that the commits leading
  36   to the tip of the current branch that are not in the history
  37   that leads to the <since> to be output.
  38
  392. Generic <revision range> expression (see "SPECIFYING
  40   REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]) means the
  41   commits in the specified range.
  42
  43The first rule takes precedence in the case of a single <commit>.  To
  44apply the second rule, i.e., format everything since the beginning of
  45history up until <commit>, use the '\--root' option: "git format-patch
  46\--root <commit>".  If you want to format only <commit> itself, you
  47can do this with "git format-patch -1 <commit>".
  48
  49By default, each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the
  50first line of the commit message (massaged for pathname safety) as
  51the filename. With the --numbered-files option, the output file names
  52will only be numbers, without the first line of the commit appended.
  53The names of the output files are printed to standard
  54output, unless the --stdout option is specified.
  55
  56If -o is specified, output files are created in <dir>.  Otherwise
  57they are created in the current working directory.
  58
  59By default, the subject of a single patch is "[PATCH] First Line" and
  60the subject when multiple patches are output is "[PATCH n/m] First
  61Line". To force 1/1 to be added for a single patch, use -n.  To omit
  62patch numbers from the subject, use -N
  63
  64If given --thread, 'git-format-patch' will generate In-Reply-To and
  65References headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear
  66as replies to the first mail; this also generates a Message-Id header to
  67reference.
  68
  69OPTIONS
  70-------
  71:git-format-patch: 1
  72include::diff-options.txt[]
  73
  74-<n>::
  75        Limits the number of patches to prepare.
  76
  77-o <dir>::
  78--output-directory <dir>::
  79        Use <dir> to store the resulting files, instead of the
  80        current working directory.
  81
  82-n::
  83--numbered::
  84        Name output in '[PATCH n/m]' format, even with a single patch.
  85
  86-N::
  87--no-numbered::
  88        Name output in '[PATCH]' format.
  89
  90--start-number <n>::
  91        Start numbering the patches at <n> instead of 1.
  92
  93--numbered-files::
  94        Output file names will be a simple number sequence
  95        without the default first line of the commit appended.
  96
  97-k::
  98--keep-subject::
  99        Do not strip/add '[PATCH]' from the first line of the
 100        commit log message.
 101
 102-s::
 103--signoff::
 104        Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
 105        the committer identity of yourself.
 106
 107--stdout::
 108        Print all commits to the standard output in mbox format,
 109        instead of creating a file for each one.
 110
 111--attach[=<boundary>]::
 112        Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
 113        which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
 114        second part, with "Content-Disposition: attachment".
 115
 116--no-attach::
 117        Disable the creation of an attachment, overriding the
 118        configuration setting.
 119
 120--inline[=<boundary>]::
 121        Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
 122        which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
 123        second part, with "Content-Disposition: inline".
 124
 125--thread[=<style>]::
 126        Add In-Reply-To and References headers to make the second and
 127        subsequent mails appear as replies to the first.  Also generates
 128        the Message-Id header to reference.
 129+
 130The optional <style> argument can be either `shallow` or `deep`.
 131'Shallow' threading makes every mail a reply to the head of the
 132series, where the head is chosen from the cover letter, the
 133`\--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order.  'Deep'
 134threading makes every mail a reply to the previous one.  If not
 135specified, defaults to the 'format.thread' configuration, or `shallow`
 136if that is not set.
 137
 138--in-reply-to=Message-Id::
 139        Make the first mail (or all the mails with --no-thread) appear as a
 140        reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
 141        provide a new patch series.
 142
 143--ignore-if-in-upstream::
 144        Do not include a patch that matches a commit in
 145        <until>..<since>.  This will examine all patches reachable
 146        from <since> but not from <until> and compare them with the
 147        patches being generated, and any patch that matches is
 148        ignored.
 149
 150--subject-prefix=<Subject-Prefix>::
 151        Instead of the standard '[PATCH]' prefix in the subject
 152        line, instead use '[<Subject-Prefix>]'. This
 153        allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
 154        combined with the --numbered option.
 155
 156--cc=<email>::
 157        Add a "Cc:" header to the email headers. This is in addition
 158        to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times.
 159
 160--add-header=<header>::
 161        Add an arbitrary header to the email headers.  This is in addition
 162        to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times.
 163        For example, --add-header="Organization: git-foo"
 164
 165--cover-letter::
 166        In addition to the patches, generate a cover letter file
 167        containing the shortlog and the overall diffstat.  You can
 168        fill in a description in the file before sending it out.
 169
 170--suffix=.<sfx>::
 171        Instead of using `.patch` as the suffix for generated
 172        filenames, use specified suffix.  A common alternative is
 173        `--suffix=.txt`.
 174+
 175Note that you would need to include the leading dot `.` if you
 176want a filename like `0001-description-of-my-change.patch`, and
 177the first letter does not have to be a dot.  Leaving it empty would
 178not add any suffix.
 179
 180--no-binary::
 181        Don't output contents of changes in binary files, just take note
 182        that they differ.  Note that this disable the patch to be properly
 183        applied.  By default the contents of changes in those files are
 184        encoded in the patch.
 185
 186--root::
 187        Treat the revision argument as a <revision range>, even if it
 188        is just a single commit (that would normally be treated as a
 189        <since>).  Note that root commits included in the specified
 190        range are always formatted as creation patches, independently
 191        of this flag.
 192
 193CONFIGURATION
 194-------------
 195You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each message
 196in the repository configuration, new defaults for the subject prefix
 197and file suffix, control attachments, and number patches when outputting
 198more than one.
 199
 200------------
 201[format]
 202        headers = "Organization: git-foo\n"
 203        subjectprefix = CHANGE
 204        suffix = .txt
 205        numbered = auto
 206        cc = <email>
 207        attach [ = mime-boundary-string ]
 208        signoff = true
 209------------
 210
 211
 212EXAMPLES
 213--------
 214
 215* Extract commits between revisions R1 and R2, and apply them on top of
 216the current branch using 'git-am' to cherry-pick them:
 217+
 218------------
 219$ git format-patch -k --stdout R1..R2 | git am -3 -k
 220------------
 221
 222* Extract all commits which are in the current branch but not in the
 223origin branch:
 224+
 225------------
 226$ git format-patch origin
 227------------
 228+
 229For each commit a separate file is created in the current directory.
 230
 231* Extract all commits that lead to 'origin' since the inception of the
 232project:
 233+
 234------------
 235$ git format-patch --root origin
 236------------
 237
 238* The same as the previous one:
 239+
 240------------
 241$ git format-patch -M -B origin
 242------------
 243+
 244Additionally, it detects and handles renames and complete rewrites
 245intelligently to produce a renaming patch.  A renaming patch reduces
 246the amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to review it.
 247Note that the "patch" program does not understand renaming patches, so
 248use it only when you know the recipient uses git to apply your patch.
 249
 250* Extract three topmost commits from the current branch and format them
 251as e-mailable patches:
 252+
 253------------
 254$ git format-patch -3
 255------------
 256
 257SEE ALSO
 258--------
 259linkgit:git-am[1], linkgit:git-send-email[1]
 260
 261
 262Author
 263------
 264Written by Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 265
 266Documentation
 267--------------
 268Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 269
 270GIT
 271---
 272Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite