Andrew's git / gitweb.git / parse-options.c
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parse-options.con commit test-bzr.sh, test-hg.sh: prepare for change to push.default=simple (4945725)
   1#include "git-compat-util.h"
   2#include "parse-options.h"
   3#include "cache.h"
   4#include "commit.h"
   5#include "color.h"
   6#include "utf8.h"
   7
   8static int parse_options_usage(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
   9                               const char * const *usagestr,
  10                               const struct option *opts, int err);
  11
  12#define OPT_SHORT 1
  13#define OPT_UNSET 2
  14
  15int optbug(const struct option *opt, const char *reason)
  16{
  17        if (opt->long_name)
  18                return error("BUG: option '%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
  19        return error("BUG: switch '%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
  20}
  21
  22static int get_arg(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const struct option *opt,
  23                   int flags, const char **arg)
  24{
  25        if (p->opt) {
  26                *arg = p->opt;
  27                p->opt = NULL;
  28        } else if (p->argc == 1 && (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT)) {
  29                *arg = (const char *)opt->defval;
  30        } else if (p->argc > 1) {
  31                p->argc--;
  32                *arg = *++p->argv;
  33        } else
  34                return opterror(opt, "requires a value", flags);
  35        return 0;
  36}
  37
  38static void fix_filename(const char *prefix, const char **file)
  39{
  40        if (!file || !*file || !prefix || is_absolute_path(*file)
  41            || !strcmp("-", *file))
  42                return;
  43        *file = xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), *file));
  44}
  45
  46static int opt_command_mode_error(const struct option *opt,
  47                                  const struct option *all_opts,
  48                                  int flags)
  49{
  50        const struct option *that;
  51        struct strbuf message = STRBUF_INIT;
  52        struct strbuf that_name = STRBUF_INIT;
  53
  54        /*
  55         * Find the other option that was used to set the variable
  56         * already, and report that this is not compatible with it.
  57         */
  58        for (that = all_opts; that->type != OPTION_END; that++) {
  59                if (that == opt ||
  60                    that->type != OPTION_CMDMODE ||
  61                    that->value != opt->value ||
  62                    that->defval != *(int *)opt->value)
  63                        continue;
  64
  65                if (that->long_name)
  66                        strbuf_addf(&that_name, "--%s", that->long_name);
  67                else
  68                        strbuf_addf(&that_name, "-%c", that->short_name);
  69                strbuf_addf(&message, ": incompatible with %s", that_name.buf);
  70                strbuf_release(&that_name);
  71                opterror(opt, message.buf, flags);
  72                strbuf_release(&message);
  73                return -1;
  74        }
  75        return opterror(opt, ": incompatible with something else", flags);
  76}
  77
  78static int get_value(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p,
  79                     const struct option *opt,
  80                     const struct option *all_opts,
  81                     int flags)
  82{
  83        const char *s, *arg;
  84        const int unset = flags & OPT_UNSET;
  85        int err;
  86
  87        if (unset && p->opt)
  88                return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
  89        if (unset && (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG))
  90                return opterror(opt, "isn't available", flags);
  91        if (!(flags & OPT_SHORT) && p->opt && (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
  92                return opterror(opt, "takes no value", flags);
  93
  94        switch (opt->type) {
  95        case OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK:
  96                return (*(parse_opt_ll_cb *)opt->callback)(p, opt, unset);
  97
  98        case OPTION_BIT:
  99                if (unset)
 100                        *(int *)opt->value &= ~opt->defval;
 101                else
 102                        *(int *)opt->value |= opt->defval;
 103                return 0;
 104
 105        case OPTION_NEGBIT:
 106                if (unset)
 107                        *(int *)opt->value |= opt->defval;
 108                else
 109                        *(int *)opt->value &= ~opt->defval;
 110                return 0;
 111
 112        case OPTION_COUNTUP:
 113                *(int *)opt->value = unset ? 0 : *(int *)opt->value + 1;
 114                return 0;
 115
 116        case OPTION_SET_INT:
 117                *(int *)opt->value = unset ? 0 : opt->defval;
 118                return 0;
 119
 120        case OPTION_CMDMODE:
 121                /*
 122                 * Giving the same mode option twice, although is unnecessary,
 123                 * is not a grave error, so let it pass.
 124                 */
 125                if (*(int *)opt->value && *(int *)opt->value != opt->defval)
 126                        return opt_command_mode_error(opt, all_opts, flags);
 127                *(int *)opt->value = opt->defval;
 128                return 0;
 129
 130        case OPTION_SET_PTR:
 131                *(void **)opt->value = unset ? NULL : (void *)opt->defval;
 132                return 0;
 133
 134        case OPTION_STRING:
 135                if (unset)
 136                        *(const char **)opt->value = NULL;
 137                else if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt)
 138                        *(const char **)opt->value = (const char *)opt->defval;
 139                else
 140                        return get_arg(p, opt, flags, (const char **)opt->value);
 141                return 0;
 142
 143        case OPTION_FILENAME:
 144                err = 0;
 145                if (unset)
 146                        *(const char **)opt->value = NULL;
 147                else if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt)
 148                        *(const char **)opt->value = (const char *)opt->defval;
 149                else
 150                        err = get_arg(p, opt, flags, (const char **)opt->value);
 151
 152                if (!err)
 153                        fix_filename(p->prefix, (const char **)opt->value);
 154                return err;
 155
 156        case OPTION_CALLBACK:
 157                if (unset)
 158                        return (*opt->callback)(opt, NULL, 1) ? (-1) : 0;
 159                if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG)
 160                        return (*opt->callback)(opt, NULL, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
 161                if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt)
 162                        return (*opt->callback)(opt, NULL, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
 163                if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
 164                        return -1;
 165                return (*opt->callback)(opt, arg, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
 166
 167        case OPTION_INTEGER:
 168                if (unset) {
 169                        *(int *)opt->value = 0;
 170                        return 0;
 171                }
 172                if (opt->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG && !p->opt) {
 173                        *(int *)opt->value = opt->defval;
 174                        return 0;
 175                }
 176                if (get_arg(p, opt, flags, &arg))
 177                        return -1;
 178                *(int *)opt->value = strtol(arg, (char **)&s, 10);
 179                if (*s)
 180                        return opterror(opt, "expects a numerical value", flags);
 181                return 0;
 182
 183        default:
 184                die("should not happen, someone must be hit on the forehead");
 185        }
 186}
 187
 188static int parse_short_opt(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const struct option *options)
 189{
 190        const struct option *all_opts = options;
 191        const struct option *numopt = NULL;
 192
 193        for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
 194                if (options->short_name == *p->opt) {
 195                        p->opt = p->opt[1] ? p->opt + 1 : NULL;
 196                        return get_value(p, options, all_opts, OPT_SHORT);
 197                }
 198
 199                /*
 200                 * Handle the numerical option later, explicit one-digit
 201                 * options take precedence over it.
 202                 */
 203                if (options->type == OPTION_NUMBER)
 204                        numopt = options;
 205        }
 206        if (numopt && isdigit(*p->opt)) {
 207                size_t len = 1;
 208                char *arg;
 209                int rc;
 210
 211                while (isdigit(p->opt[len]))
 212                        len++;
 213                arg = xmemdupz(p->opt, len);
 214                p->opt = p->opt[len] ? p->opt + len : NULL;
 215                rc = (*numopt->callback)(numopt, arg, 0) ? (-1) : 0;
 216                free(arg);
 217                return rc;
 218        }
 219        return -2;
 220}
 221
 222static int parse_long_opt(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const char *arg,
 223                          const struct option *options)
 224{
 225        const struct option *all_opts = options;
 226        const char *arg_end = strchr(arg, '=');
 227        const struct option *abbrev_option = NULL, *ambiguous_option = NULL;
 228        int abbrev_flags = 0, ambiguous_flags = 0;
 229
 230        if (!arg_end)
 231                arg_end = arg + strlen(arg);
 232
 233        for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
 234                const char *rest, *long_name = options->long_name;
 235                int flags = 0, opt_flags = 0;
 236
 237                if (!long_name)
 238                        continue;
 239
 240again:
 241                rest = skip_prefix(arg, long_name);
 242                if (options->type == OPTION_ARGUMENT) {
 243                        if (!rest)
 244                                continue;
 245                        if (*rest == '=')
 246                                return opterror(options, "takes no value", flags);
 247                        if (*rest)
 248                                continue;
 249                        p->out[p->cpidx++] = arg - 2;
 250                        return 0;
 251                }
 252                if (!rest) {
 253                        /* abbreviated? */
 254                        if (!strncmp(long_name, arg, arg_end - arg)) {
 255is_abbreviated:
 256                                if (abbrev_option) {
 257                                        /*
 258                                         * If this is abbreviated, it is
 259                                         * ambiguous. So when there is no
 260                                         * exact match later, we need to
 261                                         * error out.
 262                                         */
 263                                        ambiguous_option = abbrev_option;
 264                                        ambiguous_flags = abbrev_flags;
 265                                }
 266                                if (!(flags & OPT_UNSET) && *arg_end)
 267                                        p->opt = arg_end + 1;
 268                                abbrev_option = options;
 269                                abbrev_flags = flags ^ opt_flags;
 270                                continue;
 271                        }
 272                        /* negation allowed? */
 273                        if (options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG)
 274                                continue;
 275                        /* negated and abbreviated very much? */
 276                        if (!prefixcmp("no-", arg)) {
 277                                flags |= OPT_UNSET;
 278                                goto is_abbreviated;
 279                        }
 280                        /* negated? */
 281                        if (prefixcmp(arg, "no-")) {
 282                                if (!prefixcmp(long_name, "no-")) {
 283                                        long_name += 3;
 284                                        opt_flags |= OPT_UNSET;
 285                                        goto again;
 286                                }
 287                                continue;
 288                        }
 289                        flags |= OPT_UNSET;
 290                        rest = skip_prefix(arg + 3, long_name);
 291                        /* abbreviated and negated? */
 292                        if (!rest && !prefixcmp(long_name, arg + 3))
 293                                goto is_abbreviated;
 294                        if (!rest)
 295                                continue;
 296                }
 297                if (*rest) {
 298                        if (*rest != '=')
 299                                continue;
 300                        p->opt = rest + 1;
 301                }
 302                return get_value(p, options, all_opts, flags ^ opt_flags);
 303        }
 304
 305        if (ambiguous_option)
 306                return error("Ambiguous option: %s "
 307                        "(could be --%s%s or --%s%s)",
 308                        arg,
 309                        (ambiguous_flags & OPT_UNSET) ?  "no-" : "",
 310                        ambiguous_option->long_name,
 311                        (abbrev_flags & OPT_UNSET) ?  "no-" : "",
 312                        abbrev_option->long_name);
 313        if (abbrev_option)
 314                return get_value(p, abbrev_option, all_opts, abbrev_flags);
 315        return -2;
 316}
 317
 318static int parse_nodash_opt(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const char *arg,
 319                            const struct option *options)
 320{
 321        const struct option *all_opts = options;
 322
 323        for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
 324                if (!(options->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH))
 325                        continue;
 326                if (options->short_name == arg[0] && arg[1] == '\0')
 327                        return get_value(p, options, all_opts, OPT_SHORT);
 328        }
 329        return -2;
 330}
 331
 332static void check_typos(const char *arg, const struct option *options)
 333{
 334        if (strlen(arg) < 3)
 335                return;
 336
 337        if (!prefixcmp(arg, "no-")) {
 338                error ("did you mean `--%s` (with two dashes ?)", arg);
 339                exit(129);
 340        }
 341
 342        for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
 343                if (!options->long_name)
 344                        continue;
 345                if (!prefixcmp(options->long_name, arg)) {
 346                        error ("did you mean `--%s` (with two dashes ?)", arg);
 347                        exit(129);
 348                }
 349        }
 350}
 351
 352static void parse_options_check(const struct option *opts)
 353{
 354        int err = 0;
 355
 356        for (; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
 357                if ((opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT) &&
 358                    (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG))
 359                        err |= optbug(opts, "uses incompatible flags "
 360                                        "LASTARG_DEFAULT and OPTARG");
 361                if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH &&
 362                    ((opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG) ||
 363                     !(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG) ||
 364                     !(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NONEG) ||
 365                     opts->long_name))
 366                        err |= optbug(opts, "uses feature "
 367                                        "not supported for dashless options");
 368                switch (opts->type) {
 369                case OPTION_COUNTUP:
 370                case OPTION_BIT:
 371                case OPTION_NEGBIT:
 372                case OPTION_SET_INT:
 373                case OPTION_SET_PTR:
 374                case OPTION_NUMBER:
 375                        if ((opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG) ||
 376                            !(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
 377                                err |= optbug(opts, "should not accept an argument");
 378                default:
 379                        ; /* ok. (usually accepts an argument) */
 380                }
 381        }
 382        if (err)
 383                exit(128);
 384}
 385
 386void parse_options_start(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 387                         int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 388                         const struct option *options, int flags)
 389{
 390        memset(ctx, 0, sizeof(*ctx));
 391        ctx->argc = argc - 1;
 392        ctx->argv = argv + 1;
 393        ctx->out  = argv;
 394        ctx->prefix = prefix;
 395        ctx->cpidx = ((flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0) != 0);
 396        ctx->flags = flags;
 397        if ((flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN) &&
 398            (flags & PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION))
 399                die("STOP_AT_NON_OPTION and KEEP_UNKNOWN don't go together");
 400        parse_options_check(options);
 401}
 402
 403static int usage_with_options_internal(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *,
 404                                       const char * const *,
 405                                       const struct option *, int, int);
 406
 407int parse_options_step(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 408                       const struct option *options,
 409                       const char * const usagestr[])
 410{
 411        int internal_help = !(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
 412
 413        /* we must reset ->opt, unknown short option leave it dangling */
 414        ctx->opt = NULL;
 415
 416        for (; ctx->argc; ctx->argc--, ctx->argv++) {
 417                const char *arg = ctx->argv[0];
 418
 419                if (*arg != '-' || !arg[1]) {
 420                        if (parse_nodash_opt(ctx, arg, options) == 0)
 421                                continue;
 422                        if (ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION)
 423                                return PARSE_OPT_NON_OPTION;
 424                        ctx->out[ctx->cpidx++] = ctx->argv[0];
 425                        continue;
 426                }
 427
 428                if (arg[1] != '-') {
 429                        ctx->opt = arg + 1;
 430                        if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
 431                                return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 0);
 432                        switch (parse_short_opt(ctx, options)) {
 433                        case -1:
 434                                return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 1);
 435                        case -2:
 436                                if (ctx->opt)
 437                                        check_typos(arg + 1, options);
 438                                goto unknown;
 439                        }
 440                        if (ctx->opt)
 441                                check_typos(arg + 1, options);
 442                        while (ctx->opt) {
 443                                if (internal_help && *ctx->opt == 'h')
 444                                        return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 0);
 445                                switch (parse_short_opt(ctx, options)) {
 446                                case -1:
 447                                        return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 1);
 448                                case -2:
 449                                        /* fake a short option thing to hide the fact that we may have
 450                                         * started to parse aggregated stuff
 451                                         *
 452                                         * This is leaky, too bad.
 453                                         */
 454                                        ctx->argv[0] = xstrdup(ctx->opt - 1);
 455                                        *(char *)ctx->argv[0] = '-';
 456                                        goto unknown;
 457                                }
 458                        }
 459                        continue;
 460                }
 461
 462                if (!arg[2]) { /* "--" */
 463                        if (!(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH)) {
 464                                ctx->argc--;
 465                                ctx->argv++;
 466                        }
 467                        break;
 468                }
 469
 470                if (internal_help && !strcmp(arg + 2, "help-all"))
 471                        return usage_with_options_internal(ctx, usagestr, options, 1, 0);
 472                if (internal_help && !strcmp(arg + 2, "help"))
 473                        return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 0);
 474                switch (parse_long_opt(ctx, arg + 2, options)) {
 475                case -1:
 476                        return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 1);
 477                case -2:
 478                        goto unknown;
 479                }
 480                continue;
 481unknown:
 482                if (!(ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN))
 483                        return PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
 484                ctx->out[ctx->cpidx++] = ctx->argv[0];
 485                ctx->opt = NULL;
 486        }
 487        return PARSE_OPT_DONE;
 488}
 489
 490int parse_options_end(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx)
 491{
 492        memmove(ctx->out + ctx->cpidx, ctx->argv, ctx->argc * sizeof(*ctx->out));
 493        ctx->out[ctx->cpidx + ctx->argc] = NULL;
 494        return ctx->cpidx + ctx->argc;
 495}
 496
 497int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
 498                  const struct option *options, const char * const usagestr[],
 499                  int flags)
 500{
 501        struct parse_opt_ctx_t ctx;
 502
 503        parse_options_start(&ctx, argc, argv, prefix, options, flags);
 504        switch (parse_options_step(&ctx, options, usagestr)) {
 505        case PARSE_OPT_HELP:
 506                exit(129);
 507        case PARSE_OPT_NON_OPTION:
 508        case PARSE_OPT_DONE:
 509                break;
 510        default: /* PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN */
 511                if (ctx.argv[0][1] == '-') {
 512                        error("unknown option `%s'", ctx.argv[0] + 2);
 513                } else if (isascii(*ctx.opt)) {
 514                        error("unknown switch `%c'", *ctx.opt);
 515                } else {
 516                        error("unknown non-ascii option in string: `%s'",
 517                              ctx.argv[0]);
 518                }
 519                usage_with_options(usagestr, options);
 520        }
 521
 522        precompose_argv(argc, argv);
 523        return parse_options_end(&ctx);
 524}
 525
 526static int usage_argh(const struct option *opts, FILE *outfile)
 527{
 528        const char *s;
 529        int literal = (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP) || !opts->argh;
 530        if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_OPTARG)
 531                if (opts->long_name)
 532                        s = literal ? "[=%s]" : "[=<%s>]";
 533                else
 534                        s = literal ? "[%s]" : "[<%s>]";
 535        else
 536                s = literal ? " %s" : " <%s>";
 537        return utf8_fprintf(outfile, s, opts->argh ? _(opts->argh) : _("..."));
 538}
 539
 540#define USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH 24
 541#define USAGE_GAP         2
 542
 543static int usage_with_options_internal(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 544                                       const char * const *usagestr,
 545                                       const struct option *opts, int full, int err)
 546{
 547        FILE *outfile = err ? stderr : stdout;
 548
 549        if (!usagestr)
 550                return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
 551
 552        if (!err && ctx && ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_SHELL_EVAL)
 553                fprintf(outfile, "cat <<\\EOF\n");
 554
 555        fprintf_ln(outfile, _("usage: %s"), _(*usagestr++));
 556        while (*usagestr && **usagestr)
 557                /* TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
 558                   one in "usage: %s" translation */
 559                fprintf_ln(outfile, _("   or: %s"), _(*usagestr++));
 560        while (*usagestr) {
 561                if (**usagestr)
 562                        fprintf_ln(outfile, _("    %s"), _(*usagestr));
 563                else
 564                        putchar('\n');
 565                usagestr++;
 566        }
 567
 568        if (opts->type != OPTION_GROUP)
 569                fputc('\n', outfile);
 570
 571        for (; opts->type != OPTION_END; opts++) {
 572                size_t pos;
 573                int pad;
 574
 575                if (opts->type == OPTION_GROUP) {
 576                        fputc('\n', outfile);
 577                        if (*opts->help)
 578                                fprintf(outfile, "%s\n", _(opts->help));
 579                        continue;
 580                }
 581                if (!full && (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN))
 582                        continue;
 583
 584                pos = fprintf(outfile, "    ");
 585                if (opts->short_name) {
 586                        if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH)
 587                                pos += fprintf(outfile, "%c", opts->short_name);
 588                        else
 589                                pos += fprintf(outfile, "-%c", opts->short_name);
 590                }
 591                if (opts->long_name && opts->short_name)
 592                        pos += fprintf(outfile, ", ");
 593                if (opts->long_name)
 594                        pos += fprintf(outfile, "--%s", opts->long_name);
 595                if (opts->type == OPTION_NUMBER)
 596                        pos += utf8_fprintf(outfile, _("-NUM"));
 597
 598                if ((opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP) ||
 599                    !(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NOARG))
 600                        pos += usage_argh(opts, outfile);
 601
 602                if (pos <= USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH)
 603                        pad = USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH - pos;
 604                else {
 605                        fputc('\n', outfile);
 606                        pad = USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH;
 607                }
 608                fprintf(outfile, "%*s%s\n", pad + USAGE_GAP, "", _(opts->help));
 609        }
 610        fputc('\n', outfile);
 611
 612        if (!err && ctx && ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_SHELL_EVAL)
 613                fputs("EOF\n", outfile);
 614
 615        return PARSE_OPT_HELP;
 616}
 617
 618void NORETURN usage_with_options(const char * const *usagestr,
 619                        const struct option *opts)
 620{
 621        usage_with_options_internal(NULL, usagestr, opts, 0, 1);
 622        exit(129);
 623}
 624
 625void NORETURN usage_msg_opt(const char *msg,
 626                   const char * const *usagestr,
 627                   const struct option *options)
 628{
 629        fprintf(stderr, "%s\n\n", msg);
 630        usage_with_options(usagestr, options);
 631}
 632
 633static int parse_options_usage(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 634                               const char * const *usagestr,
 635                               const struct option *opts, int err)
 636{
 637        return usage_with_options_internal(ctx, usagestr, opts, 0, err);
 638}
 639
 640#undef opterror
 641int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags)
 642{
 643        if (flags & OPT_SHORT)
 644                return error("switch `%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
 645        if (flags & OPT_UNSET)
 646                return error("option `no-%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
 647        return error("option `%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
 648}