Andrew's git - gitweb.git/blob

   1#include "../git-compat-util.h"
   2#include "win32.h"
   3#include <conio.h>
   4#include <wchar.h>
   5#include "../strbuf.h"
   6#include "../run-command.h"
   7#include "../cache.h"
   8#include "win32/lazyload.h"
   9
  10#define HCAST(type, handle) ((type)(intptr_t)handle)
  11
  12static const int delay[] = { 0, 1, 10, 20, 40 };
  13
  14int err_win_to_posix(DWORD winerr)
  15{
  16        int error = ENOSYS;
  17        switch(winerr) {
  18        case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED: error = EACCES; break;
  19        case ERROR_ACCOUNT_DISABLED: error = EACCES; break;
  20        case ERROR_ACCOUNT_RESTRICTION: error = EACCES; break;
  21        case ERROR_ALREADY_ASSIGNED: error = EBUSY; break;
  22        case ERROR_ALREADY_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  23        case ERROR_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW: error = ERANGE; break;
  24        case ERROR_BAD_COMMAND: error = EIO; break;
  25        case ERROR_BAD_DEVICE: error = ENODEV; break;
  26        case ERROR_BAD_DRIVER_LEVEL: error = ENXIO; break;
  27        case ERROR_BAD_EXE_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  28        case ERROR_BAD_FORMAT: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  29        case ERROR_BAD_LENGTH: error = EINVAL; break;
  30        case ERROR_BAD_PATHNAME: error = ENOENT; break;
  31        case ERROR_BAD_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  32        case ERROR_BAD_UNIT: error = ENODEV; break;
  33        case ERROR_BAD_USERNAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  34        case ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE: error = EPIPE; break;
  35        case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  36        case ERROR_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
  37        case ERROR_BUSY_DRIVE: error = EBUSY; break;
  38        case ERROR_CALL_NOT_IMPLEMENTED: error = ENOSYS; break;
  39        case ERROR_CANNOT_MAKE: error = EACCES; break;
  40        case ERROR_CANTOPEN: error = EIO; break;
  41        case ERROR_CANTREAD: error = EIO; break;
  42        case ERROR_CANTWRITE: error = EIO; break;
  43        case ERROR_CRC: error = EIO; break;
  44        case ERROR_CURRENT_DIRECTORY: error = EACCES; break;
  45        case ERROR_DEVICE_IN_USE: error = EBUSY; break;
  46        case ERROR_DEV_NOT_EXIST: error = ENODEV; break;
  47        case ERROR_DIRECTORY: error = EINVAL; break;
  48        case ERROR_DIR_NOT_EMPTY: error = ENOTEMPTY; break;
  49        case ERROR_DISK_CHANGE: error = EIO; break;
  50        case ERROR_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  51        case ERROR_DRIVE_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  52        case ERROR_ENVVAR_NOT_FOUND: error = EINVAL; break;
  53        case ERROR_EXE_MARKED_INVALID: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  54        case ERROR_FILENAME_EXCED_RANGE: error = ENAMETOOLONG; break;
  55        case ERROR_FILE_EXISTS: error = EEXIST; break;
  56        case ERROR_FILE_INVALID: error = ENODEV; break;
  57        case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
  58        case ERROR_GEN_FAILURE: error = EIO; break;
  59        case ERROR_HANDLE_DISK_FULL: error = ENOSPC; break;
  60        case ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER: error = ENOMEM; break;
  61        case ERROR_INVALID_ACCESS: error = EACCES; break;
  62        case ERROR_INVALID_ADDRESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  63        case ERROR_INVALID_BLOCK: error = EFAULT; break;
  64        case ERROR_INVALID_DATA: error = EINVAL; break;
  65        case ERROR_INVALID_DRIVE: error = ENODEV; break;
  66        case ERROR_INVALID_EXE_SIGNATURE: error = ENOEXEC; break;
  67        case ERROR_INVALID_FLAGS: error = EINVAL; break;
  68        case ERROR_INVALID_FUNCTION: error = ENOSYS; break;
  69        case ERROR_INVALID_HANDLE: error = EBADF; break;
  70        case ERROR_INVALID_LOGON_HOURS: error = EACCES; break;
  71        case ERROR_INVALID_NAME: error = EINVAL; break;
  72        case ERROR_INVALID_OWNER: error = EINVAL; break;
  73        case ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER: error = EINVAL; break;
  74        case ERROR_INVALID_PASSWORD: error = EPERM; break;
  75        case ERROR_INVALID_PRIMARY_GROUP: error = EINVAL; break;
  76        case ERROR_INVALID_SIGNAL_NUMBER: error = EINVAL; break;
  77        case ERROR_INVALID_TARGET_HANDLE: error = EIO; break;
  78        case ERROR_INVALID_WORKSTATION: error = EACCES; break;
  79        case ERROR_IO_DEVICE: error = EIO; break;
  80        case ERROR_IO_INCOMPLETE: error = EINTR; break;
  81        case ERROR_LOCKED: error = EBUSY; break;
  82        case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
  83        case ERROR_LOGON_FAILURE: error = EACCES; break;
  84        case ERROR_MAPPED_ALIGNMENT: error = EINVAL; break;
  85        case ERROR_META_EXPANSION_TOO_LONG: error = E2BIG; break;
  86        case ERROR_MORE_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  87        case ERROR_NEGATIVE_SEEK: error = ESPIPE; break;
  88        case ERROR_NOACCESS: error = EFAULT; break;
  89        case ERROR_NONE_MAPPED: error = EINVAL; break;
  90        case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
  91        case ERROR_NOT_READY: error = EAGAIN; break;
  92        case ERROR_NOT_SAME_DEVICE: error = EXDEV; break;
  93        case ERROR_NO_DATA: error = EPIPE; break;
  94        case ERROR_NO_MORE_SEARCH_HANDLES: error = EIO; break;
  95        case ERROR_NO_PROC_SLOTS: error = EAGAIN; break;
  96        case ERROR_NO_SUCH_PRIVILEGE: error = EACCES; break;
  97        case ERROR_OPEN_FAILED: error = EIO; break;
  98        case ERROR_OPEN_FILES: error = EBUSY; break;
  99        case ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED: error = EINTR; break;
 100        case ERROR_OUTOFMEMORY: error = ENOMEM; break;
 101        case ERROR_PASSWORD_EXPIRED: error = EACCES; break;
 102        case ERROR_PATH_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 103        case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND: error = ENOENT; break;
 104        case ERROR_PIPE_BUSY: error = EBUSY; break;
 105        case ERROR_PIPE_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 106        case ERROR_PIPE_LISTENING: error = EPIPE; break;
 107        case ERROR_PIPE_NOT_CONNECTED: error = EPIPE; break;
 108        case ERROR_PRIVILEGE_NOT_HELD: error = EACCES; break;
 109        case ERROR_READ_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 110        case ERROR_SEEK: error = EIO; break;
 111        case ERROR_SEEK_ON_DEVICE: error = ESPIPE; break;
 112        case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED: error = ENFILE; break;
 113        case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION: error = EACCES; break;
 114        case ERROR_STACK_OVERFLOW: error = ENOMEM; break;
 115        case ERROR_SWAPERROR: error = ENOENT; break;
 116        case ERROR_TOO_MANY_MODULES: error = EMFILE; break;
 117        case ERROR_TOO_MANY_OPEN_FILES: error = EMFILE; break;
 118        case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_MEDIA: error = ENXIO; break;
 119        case ERROR_UNRECOGNIZED_VOLUME: error = ENODEV; break;
 120        case ERROR_WAIT_NO_CHILDREN: error = ECHILD; break;
 121        case ERROR_WRITE_FAULT: error = EIO; break;
 122        case ERROR_WRITE_PROTECT: error = EROFS; break;
 123        }
 124        return error;
 125}
 126
 127static inline int is_file_in_use_error(DWORD errcode)
 128{
 129        switch (errcode) {
 130        case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 131        case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 132                return 1;
 133        }
 134
 135        return 0;
 136}
 137
 138static int read_yes_no_answer(void)
 139{
 140        char answer[1024];
 141
 142        if (fgets(answer, sizeof(answer), stdin)) {
 143                size_t answer_len = strlen(answer);
 144                int got_full_line = 0, c;
 145
 146                /* remove the newline */
 147                if (answer_len >= 2 && answer[answer_len-2] == '\r') {
 148                        answer[answer_len-2] = '\0';
 149                        got_full_line = 1;
 150                } else if (answer_len >= 1 && answer[answer_len-1] == '\n') {
 151                        answer[answer_len-1] = '\0';
 152                        got_full_line = 1;
 153                }
 154                /* flush the buffer in case we did not get the full line */
 155                if (!got_full_line)
 156                        while ((c = getchar()) != EOF && c != '\n')
 157                                ;
 158        } else
 159                /* we could not read, return the
 160                 * default answer which is no */
 161                return 0;
 162
 163        if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'y' && !answer[1])
 164                return 1;
 165        if (!strncasecmp(answer, "yes", sizeof(answer)))
 166                return 1;
 167        if (tolower(answer[0]) == 'n' && !answer[1])
 168                return 0;
 169        if (!strncasecmp(answer, "no", sizeof(answer)))
 170                return 0;
 171
 172        /* did not find an answer we understand */
 173        return -1;
 174}
 175
 176static int ask_yes_no_if_possible(const char *format, ...)
 177{
 178        char question[4096];
 179        const char *retry_hook[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
 180        va_list args;
 181
 182        va_start(args, format);
 183        vsnprintf(question, sizeof(question), format, args);
 184        va_end(args);
 185
 186        if ((retry_hook[0] = mingw_getenv("GIT_ASK_YESNO"))) {
 187                retry_hook[1] = question;
 188                return !run_command_v_opt(retry_hook, 0);
 189        }
 190
 191        if (!isatty(_fileno(stdin)) || !isatty(_fileno(stderr)))
 192                return 0;
 193
 194        while (1) {
 195                int answer;
 196                fprintf(stderr, "%s (y/n) ", question);
 197
 198                if ((answer = read_yes_no_answer()) >= 0)
 199                        return answer;
 200
 201                fprintf(stderr, "Sorry, I did not understand your answer. "
 202                                "Please type 'y' or 'n'\n");
 203        }
 204}
 205
 206int mingw_unlink(const char *pathname)
 207{
 208        int ret, tries = 0;
 209        wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 210        if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 211                return -1;
 212
 213        /* read-only files cannot be removed */
 214        _wchmod(wpathname, 0666);
 215        while ((ret = _wunlink(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 216                if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 217                        break;
 218                /*
 219                 * We assume that some other process had the source or
 220                 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 221                 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 222                 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 223                 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 224                 */
 225                Sleep(delay[tries]);
 226                tries++;
 227        }
 228        while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 229               ask_yes_no_if_possible("Unlink of file '%s' failed. "
 230                        "Should I try again?", pathname))
 231               ret = _wunlink(wpathname);
 232        return ret;
 233}
 234
 235static int is_dir_empty(const wchar_t *wpath)
 236{
 237        WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 238        HANDLE handle;
 239        wchar_t wbuf[MAX_PATH + 2];
 240        wcscpy(wbuf, wpath);
 241        wcscat(wbuf, L"\\*");
 242        handle = FindFirstFileW(wbuf, &findbuf);
 243        if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 244                return GetLastError() == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 245
 246        while (!wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".") ||
 247                        !wcscmp(findbuf.cFileName, L".."))
 248                if (!FindNextFileW(handle, &findbuf)) {
 249                        DWORD err = GetLastError();
 250                        FindClose(handle);
 251                        return err == ERROR_NO_MORE_FILES;
 252                }
 253        FindClose(handle);
 254        return 0;
 255}
 256
 257int mingw_rmdir(const char *pathname)
 258{
 259        int ret, tries = 0;
 260        wchar_t wpathname[MAX_PATH];
 261        if (xutftowcs_path(wpathname, pathname) < 0)
 262                return -1;
 263
 264        while ((ret = _wrmdir(wpathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 265                if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
 266                        errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 267                if (errno != EACCES)
 268                        break;
 269                if (!is_dir_empty(wpathname)) {
 270                        errno = ENOTEMPTY;
 271                        break;
 272                }
 273                /*
 274                 * We assume that some other process had the source or
 275                 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
 276                 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
 277                 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
 278                 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
 279                 */
 280                Sleep(delay[tries]);
 281                tries++;
 282        }
 283        while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 284               ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 285                        "Should I try again?", pathname))
 286               ret = _wrmdir(wpathname);
 287        return ret;
 288}
 289
 290static inline int needs_hiding(const char *path)
 291{
 292        const char *basename;
 293
 294        if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_FALSE)
 295                return 0;
 296
 297        /* We cannot use basename(), as it would remove trailing slashes */
 298        mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix((char **)&path);
 299        if (!*path)
 300                return 0;
 301
 302        for (basename = path; *path; path++)
 303                if (is_dir_sep(*path)) {
 304                        do {
 305                                path++;
 306                        } while (is_dir_sep(*path));
 307                        /* ignore trailing slashes */
 308                        if (*path)
 309                                basename = path;
 310                }
 311
 312        if (hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_TRUE)
 313                return *basename == '.';
 314
 315        assert(hide_dotfiles == HIDE_DOTFILES_DOTGITONLY);
 316        return !strncasecmp(".git", basename, 4) &&
 317                (!basename[4] || is_dir_sep(basename[4]));
 318}
 319
 320static int set_hidden_flag(const wchar_t *path, int set)
 321{
 322        DWORD original = GetFileAttributesW(path), modified;
 323        if (set)
 324                modified = original | FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
 325        else
 326                modified = original & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN;
 327        if (original == modified || SetFileAttributesW(path, modified))
 328                return 0;
 329        errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 330        return -1;
 331}
 332
 333int mingw_mkdir(const char *path, int mode)
 334{
 335        int ret;
 336        wchar_t wpath[MAX_PATH];
 337        if (xutftowcs_path(wpath, path) < 0)
 338                return -1;
 339        ret = _wmkdir(wpath);
 340        if (!ret && needs_hiding(path))
 341                return set_hidden_flag(wpath, 1);
 342        return ret;
 343}
 344
 345/*
 346 * Calling CreateFile() using FILE_APPEND_DATA and without FILE_WRITE_DATA
 347 * is documented in [1] as opening a writable file handle in append mode.
 348 * (It is believed that) this is atomic since it is maintained by the
 349 * kernel unlike the O_APPEND flag which is racily maintained by the CRT.
 350 *
 351 * [1] https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/desktop/fileio/file-access-rights-constants
 352 *
 353 * This trick does not appear to work for named pipes.  Instead it creates
 354 * a named pipe client handle that cannot be written to.  Callers should
 355 * just use the regular _wopen() for them.  (And since client handle gets
 356 * bound to a unique server handle, it isn't really an issue.)
 357 */
 358static int mingw_open_append(wchar_t const *wfilename, int oflags, ...)
 359{
 360        HANDLE handle;
 361        int fd;
 362        DWORD create = (oflags & O_CREAT) ? OPEN_ALWAYS : OPEN_EXISTING;
 363
 364        /* only these flags are supported */
 365        if ((oflags & ~O_CREAT) != (O_WRONLY | O_APPEND))
 366                return errno = ENOSYS, -1;
 367
 368        /*
 369         * FILE_SHARE_WRITE is required to permit child processes
 370         * to append to the file.
 371         */
 372        handle = CreateFileW(wfilename, FILE_APPEND_DATA,
 373                        FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_READ,
 374                        NULL, create, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
 375        if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 376                return errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError()), -1;
 377
 378        /*
 379         * No O_APPEND here, because the CRT uses it only to reset the
 380         * file pointer to EOF before each write(); but that is not
 381         * necessary (and may lead to races) for a file created with
 382         * FILE_APPEND_DATA.
 383         */
 384        fd = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)handle, O_BINARY);
 385        if (fd < 0)
 386                CloseHandle(handle);
 387        return fd;
 388}
 389
 390/*
 391 * Does the pathname map to the local named pipe filesystem?
 392 * That is, does it have a "//./pipe/" prefix?
 393 */
 394static int is_local_named_pipe_path(const char *filename)
 395{
 396        return (is_dir_sep(filename[0]) &&
 397                is_dir_sep(filename[1]) &&
 398                filename[2] == '.'  &&
 399                is_dir_sep(filename[3]) &&
 400                !strncasecmp(filename+4, "pipe", 4) &&
 401                is_dir_sep(filename[8]) &&
 402                filename[9]);
 403}
 404
 405int mingw_open (const char *filename, int oflags, ...)
 406{
 407        typedef int (*open_fn_t)(wchar_t const *wfilename, int oflags, ...);
 408        va_list args;
 409        unsigned mode;
 410        int fd;
 411        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 412        open_fn_t open_fn;
 413
 414        va_start(args, oflags);
 415        mode = va_arg(args, int);
 416        va_end(args);
 417
 418        if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 419                filename = "nul";
 420
 421        if ((oflags & O_APPEND) && !is_local_named_pipe_path(filename))
 422                open_fn = mingw_open_append;
 423        else
 424                open_fn = _wopen;
 425
 426        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 427                return -1;
 428        fd = open_fn(wfilename, oflags, mode);
 429
 430        if (fd < 0 && (oflags & O_ACCMODE) != O_RDONLY && errno == EACCES) {
 431                DWORD attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 432                if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES && (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
 433                        errno = EISDIR;
 434        }
 435        if ((oflags & O_CREAT) && needs_hiding(filename)) {
 436                /*
 437                 * Internally, _wopen() uses the CreateFile() API which errors
 438                 * out with an ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED if CREATE_ALWAYS was
 439                 * specified and an already existing file's attributes do not
 440                 * match *exactly*. As there is no mode or flag we can set that
 441                 * would correspond to FILE_ATTRIBUTE_HIDDEN, let's just try
 442                 * again *without* the O_CREAT flag (that corresponds to the
 443                 * CREATE_ALWAYS flag of CreateFile()).
 444                 */
 445                if (fd < 0 && errno == EACCES)
 446                        fd = open_fn(wfilename, oflags & ~O_CREAT, mode);
 447                if (fd >= 0 && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
 448                        warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 449        }
 450        return fd;
 451}
 452
 453static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
 454{
 455        return TRUE;
 456}
 457
 458#undef fgetc
 459int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
 460{
 461        int ch;
 462        if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
 463                return fgetc(stream);
 464
 465        SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
 466        while (1) {
 467                ch = fgetc(stream);
 468                if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
 469                        break;
 470
 471                /* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
 472                mingw_raise(SIGINT);
 473        }
 474        SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
 475        return ch;
 476}
 477
 478#undef fopen
 479FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 480{
 481        int hide = needs_hiding(filename);
 482        FILE *file;
 483        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 484        if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 485                filename = "nul";
 486        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 487                xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 488                return NULL;
 489        if (hide && !access(filename, F_OK) && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 0)) {
 490                error("could not unhide %s", filename);
 491                return NULL;
 492        }
 493        file = _wfopen(wfilename, wotype);
 494        if (!file && GetLastError() == ERROR_INVALID_NAME)
 495                errno = ENOENT;
 496        if (file && hide && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
 497                warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 498        return file;
 499}
 500
 501FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream)
 502{
 503        int hide = needs_hiding(filename);
 504        FILE *file;
 505        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH], wotype[4];
 506        if (filename && !strcmp(filename, "/dev/null"))
 507                filename = "nul";
 508        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0 ||
 509                xutftowcs(wotype, otype, ARRAY_SIZE(wotype)) < 0)
 510                return NULL;
 511        if (hide && !access(filename, F_OK) && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 0)) {
 512                error("could not unhide %s", filename);
 513                return NULL;
 514        }
 515        file = _wfreopen(wfilename, wotype, stream);
 516        if (file && hide && set_hidden_flag(wfilename, 1))
 517                warning("could not mark '%s' as hidden.", filename);
 518        return file;
 519}
 520
 521#undef fflush
 522int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
 523{
 524        int ret = fflush(stream);
 525
 526        /*
 527         * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
 528         * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
 529         * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
 530         * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
 531         * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
 532         * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
 533         * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
 534         * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
 535         * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
 536         */
 537        if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
 538                errno = EPIPE;
 539
 540        return ret;
 541}
 542
 543#undef write
 544ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t len)
 545{
 546        ssize_t result = write(fd, buf, len);
 547
 548        if (result < 0 && errno == EINVAL && buf) {
 549                /* check if fd is a pipe */
 550                HANDLE h = (HANDLE) _get_osfhandle(fd);
 551                if (GetFileType(h) == FILE_TYPE_PIPE)
 552                        errno = EPIPE;
 553                else
 554                        errno = EINVAL;
 555        }
 556
 557        return result;
 558}
 559
 560int mingw_access(const char *filename, int mode)
 561{
 562        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 563        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 564                return -1;
 565        /* X_OK is not supported by the MSVCRT version */
 566        return _waccess(wfilename, mode & ~X_OK);
 567}
 568
 569int mingw_chdir(const char *dirname)
 570{
 571        wchar_t wdirname[MAX_PATH];
 572        if (xutftowcs_path(wdirname, dirname) < 0)
 573                return -1;
 574        return _wchdir(wdirname);
 575}
 576
 577int mingw_chmod(const char *filename, int mode)
 578{
 579        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 580        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, filename) < 0)
 581                return -1;
 582        return _wchmod(wfilename, mode);
 583}
 584
 585/*
 586 * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
 587 * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
 588 */
 589static inline long long filetime_to_hnsec(const FILETIME *ft)
 590{
 591        long long winTime = ((long long)ft->dwHighDateTime << 32) + ft->dwLowDateTime;
 592        /* Windows to Unix Epoch conversion */
 593        return winTime - 116444736000000000LL;
 594}
 595
 596static inline time_t filetime_to_time_t(const FILETIME *ft)
 597{
 598        return (time_t)(filetime_to_hnsec(ft) / 10000000);
 599}
 600
 601/**
 602 * Verifies that safe_create_leading_directories() would succeed.
 603 */
 604static int has_valid_directory_prefix(wchar_t *wfilename)
 605{
 606        int n = wcslen(wfilename);
 607
 608        while (n > 0) {
 609                wchar_t c = wfilename[--n];
 610                DWORD attributes;
 611
 612                if (!is_dir_sep(c))
 613                        continue;
 614
 615                wfilename[n] = L'\0';
 616                attributes = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 617                wfilename[n] = c;
 618                if (attributes == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY ||
 619                                attributes == FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DEVICE)
 620                        return 1;
 621                if (attributes == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES)
 622                        switch (GetLastError()) {
 623                        case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
 624                                continue;
 625                        case ERROR_FILE_NOT_FOUND:
 626                                /* This implies parent directory exists. */
 627                                return 1;
 628                        }
 629                return 0;
 630        }
 631        return 1;
 632}
 633
 634/* We keep the do_lstat code in a separate function to avoid recursion.
 635 * When a path ends with a slash, the stat will fail with ENOENT. In
 636 * this case, we strip the trailing slashes and stat again.
 637 *
 638 * If follow is true then act like stat() and report on the link
 639 * target. Otherwise report on the link itself.
 640 */
 641static int do_lstat(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 642{
 643        WIN32_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DATA fdata;
 644        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 645        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 646                return -1;
 647
 648        if (GetFileAttributesExW(wfilename, GetFileExInfoStandard, &fdata)) {
 649                buf->st_ino = 0;
 650                buf->st_gid = 0;
 651                buf->st_uid = 0;
 652                buf->st_nlink = 1;
 653                buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 654                buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 655                        (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 656                buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 657                buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 658                buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 659                buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 660                if (fdata.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) {
 661                        WIN32_FIND_DATAW findbuf;
 662                        HANDLE handle = FindFirstFileW(wfilename, &findbuf);
 663                        if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 664                                if ((findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_REPARSE_POINT) &&
 665                                                (findbuf.dwReserved0 == IO_REPARSE_TAG_SYMLINK)) {
 666                                        if (follow) {
 667                                                char buffer[MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE];
 668                                                buf->st_size = readlink(file_name, buffer, MAXIMUM_REPARSE_DATA_BUFFER_SIZE);
 669                                        } else {
 670                                                buf->st_mode = S_IFLNK;
 671                                        }
 672                                        buf->st_mode |= S_IREAD;
 673                                        if (!(findbuf.dwFileAttributes & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY))
 674                                                buf->st_mode |= S_IWRITE;
 675                                }
 676                                FindClose(handle);
 677                        }
 678                }
 679                return 0;
 680        }
 681        switch (GetLastError()) {
 682        case ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED:
 683        case ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION:
 684        case ERROR_LOCK_VIOLATION:
 685        case ERROR_SHARING_BUFFER_EXCEEDED:
 686                errno = EACCES;
 687                break;
 688        case ERROR_BUFFER_OVERFLOW:
 689                errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
 690                break;
 691        case ERROR_NOT_ENOUGH_MEMORY:
 692                errno = ENOMEM;
 693                break;
 694        case ERROR_PATH_NOT_FOUND:
 695                if (!has_valid_directory_prefix(wfilename)) {
 696                        errno = ENOTDIR;
 697                        break;
 698                }
 699                /* fallthru */
 700        default:
 701                errno = ENOENT;
 702                break;
 703        }
 704        return -1;
 705}
 706
 707/* We provide our own lstat/fstat functions, since the provided
 708 * lstat/fstat functions are so slow. These stat functions are
 709 * tailored for Git's usage (read: fast), and are not meant to be
 710 * complete. Note that Git stat()s are redirected to mingw_lstat()
 711 * too, since Windows doesn't really handle symlinks that well.
 712 */
 713static int do_stat_internal(int follow, const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 714{
 715        int namelen;
 716        char alt_name[PATH_MAX];
 717
 718        if (!do_lstat(follow, file_name, buf))
 719                return 0;
 720
 721        /* if file_name ended in a '/', Windows returned ENOENT;
 722         * try again without trailing slashes
 723         */
 724        if (errno != ENOENT)
 725                return -1;
 726
 727        namelen = strlen(file_name);
 728        if (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] != '/')
 729                return -1;
 730        while (namelen && file_name[namelen-1] == '/')
 731                --namelen;
 732        if (!namelen || namelen >= PATH_MAX)
 733                return -1;
 734
 735        memcpy(alt_name, file_name, namelen);
 736        alt_name[namelen] = 0;
 737        return do_lstat(follow, alt_name, buf);
 738}
 739
 740int mingw_lstat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 741{
 742        return do_stat_internal(0, file_name, buf);
 743}
 744int mingw_stat(const char *file_name, struct stat *buf)
 745{
 746        return do_stat_internal(1, file_name, buf);
 747}
 748
 749int mingw_fstat(int fd, struct stat *buf)
 750{
 751        HANDLE fh = (HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fd);
 752        BY_HANDLE_FILE_INFORMATION fdata;
 753
 754        if (fh == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
 755                errno = EBADF;
 756                return -1;
 757        }
 758        /* direct non-file handles to MS's fstat() */
 759        if (GetFileType(fh) != FILE_TYPE_DISK)
 760                return _fstati64(fd, buf);
 761
 762        if (GetFileInformationByHandle(fh, &fdata)) {
 763                buf->st_ino = 0;
 764                buf->st_gid = 0;
 765                buf->st_uid = 0;
 766                buf->st_nlink = 1;
 767                buf->st_mode = file_attr_to_st_mode(fdata.dwFileAttributes);
 768                buf->st_size = fdata.nFileSizeLow |
 769                        (((off_t)fdata.nFileSizeHigh)<<32);
 770                buf->st_dev = buf->st_rdev = 0; /* not used by Git */
 771                buf->st_atime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastAccessTime));
 772                buf->st_mtime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftLastWriteTime));
 773                buf->st_ctime = filetime_to_time_t(&(fdata.ftCreationTime));
 774                return 0;
 775        }
 776        errno = EBADF;
 777        return -1;
 778}
 779
 780static inline void time_t_to_filetime(time_t t, FILETIME *ft)
 781{
 782        long long winTime = t * 10000000LL + 116444736000000000LL;
 783        ft->dwLowDateTime = winTime;
 784        ft->dwHighDateTime = winTime >> 32;
 785}
 786
 787int mingw_utime (const char *file_name, const struct utimbuf *times)
 788{
 789        FILETIME mft, aft;
 790        int fh, rc;
 791        DWORD attrs;
 792        wchar_t wfilename[MAX_PATH];
 793        if (xutftowcs_path(wfilename, file_name) < 0)
 794                return -1;
 795
 796        /* must have write permission */
 797        attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wfilename);
 798        if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 799            (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 800                /* ignore errors here; open() will report them */
 801                SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY);
 802        }
 803
 804        if ((fh = _wopen(wfilename, O_RDWR | O_BINARY)) < 0) {
 805                rc = -1;
 806                goto revert_attrs;
 807        }
 808
 809        if (times) {
 810                time_t_to_filetime(times->modtime, &mft);
 811                time_t_to_filetime(times->actime, &aft);
 812        } else {
 813                GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&mft);
 814                aft = mft;
 815        }
 816        if (!SetFileTime((HANDLE)_get_osfhandle(fh), NULL, &aft, &mft)) {
 817                errno = EINVAL;
 818                rc = -1;
 819        } else
 820                rc = 0;
 821        close(fh);
 822
 823revert_attrs:
 824        if (attrs != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES &&
 825            (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
 826                /* ignore errors again */
 827                SetFileAttributesW(wfilename, attrs);
 828        }
 829        return rc;
 830}
 831
 832#undef strftime
 833size_t mingw_strftime(char *s, size_t max,
 834                      const char *format, const struct tm *tm)
 835{
 836        size_t ret = strftime(s, max, format, tm);
 837
 838        if (!ret && errno == EINVAL)
 839                die("invalid strftime format: '%s'", format);
 840        return ret;
 841}
 842
 843unsigned int sleep (unsigned int seconds)
 844{
 845        Sleep(seconds*1000);
 846        return 0;
 847}
 848
 849char *mingw_mktemp(char *template)
 850{
 851        wchar_t wtemplate[MAX_PATH];
 852        if (xutftowcs_path(wtemplate, template) < 0)
 853                return NULL;
 854        if (!_wmktemp(wtemplate))
 855                return NULL;
 856        if (xwcstoutf(template, wtemplate, strlen(template) + 1) < 0)
 857                return NULL;
 858        return template;
 859}
 860
 861int mkstemp(char *template)
 862{
 863        char *filename = mktemp(template);
 864        if (filename == NULL)
 865                return -1;
 866        return open(filename, O_RDWR | O_CREAT, 0600);
 867}
 868
 869int gettimeofday(struct timeval *tv, void *tz)
 870{
 871        FILETIME ft;
 872        long long hnsec;
 873
 874        GetSystemTimeAsFileTime(&ft);
 875        hnsec = filetime_to_hnsec(&ft);
 876        tv->tv_sec = hnsec / 10000000;
 877        tv->tv_usec = (hnsec % 10000000) / 10;
 878        return 0;
 879}
 880
 881int pipe(int filedes[2])
 882{
 883        HANDLE h[2];
 884
 885        /* this creates non-inheritable handles */
 886        if (!CreatePipe(&h[0], &h[1], NULL, 8192)) {
 887                errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
 888                return -1;
 889        }
 890        filedes[0] = _open_osfhandle(HCAST(int, h[0]), O_NOINHERIT);
 891        if (filedes[0] < 0) {
 892                CloseHandle(h[0]);
 893                CloseHandle(h[1]);
 894                return -1;
 895        }
 896        filedes[1] = _open_osfhandle(HCAST(int, h[1]), O_NOINHERIT);
 897        if (filedes[1] < 0) {
 898                close(filedes[0]);
 899                CloseHandle(h[1]);
 900                return -1;
 901        }
 902        return 0;
 903}
 904
 905struct tm *gmtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 906{
 907        /* gmtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 908        memcpy(result, gmtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 909        return result;
 910}
 911
 912struct tm *localtime_r(const time_t *timep, struct tm *result)
 913{
 914        /* localtime() in MSVCRT.DLL is thread-safe, but not reentrant */
 915        memcpy(result, localtime(timep), sizeof(struct tm));
 916        return result;
 917}
 918
 919char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len)
 920{
 921        wchar_t wpointer[MAX_PATH];
 922        if (!_wgetcwd(wpointer, ARRAY_SIZE(wpointer)))
 923                return NULL;
 924        if (xwcstoutf(pointer, wpointer, len) < 0)
 925                return NULL;
 926        convert_slashes(pointer);
 927        return pointer;
 928}
 929
 930/*
 931 * See http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/17w5ykft(vs.71).aspx
 932 * (Parsing C++ Command-Line Arguments)
 933 */
 934static const char *quote_arg(const char *arg)
 935{
 936        /* count chars to quote */
 937        int len = 0, n = 0;
 938        int force_quotes = 0;
 939        char *q, *d;
 940        const char *p = arg;
 941        if (!*p) force_quotes = 1;
 942        while (*p) {
 943                if (isspace(*p) || *p == '*' || *p == '?' || *p == '{' || *p == '\'')
 944                        force_quotes = 1;
 945                else if (*p == '"')
 946                        n++;
 947                else if (*p == '\\') {
 948                        int count = 0;
 949                        while (*p == '\\') {
 950                                count++;
 951                                p++;
 952                                len++;
 953                        }
 954                        if (*p == '"')
 955                                n += count*2 + 1;
 956                        continue;
 957                }
 958                len++;
 959                p++;
 960        }
 961        if (!force_quotes && n == 0)
 962                return arg;
 963
 964        /* insert \ where necessary */
 965        d = q = xmalloc(st_add3(len, n, 3));
 966        *d++ = '"';
 967        while (*arg) {
 968                if (*arg == '"')
 969                        *d++ = '\\';
 970                else if (*arg == '\\') {
 971                        int count = 0;
 972                        while (*arg == '\\') {
 973                                count++;
 974                                *d++ = *arg++;
 975                        }
 976                        if (*arg == '"') {
 977                                while (count-- > 0)
 978                                        *d++ = '\\';
 979                                *d++ = '\\';
 980                        }
 981                }
 982                *d++ = *arg++;
 983        }
 984        *d++ = '"';
 985        *d++ = 0;
 986        return q;
 987}
 988
 989static const char *parse_interpreter(const char *cmd)
 990{
 991        static char buf[100];
 992        char *p, *opt;
 993        int n, fd;
 994
 995        /* don't even try a .exe */
 996        n = strlen(cmd);
 997        if (n >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+n-4, ".exe"))
 998                return NULL;
 999
1000        fd = open(cmd, O_RDONLY);
1001        if (fd < 0)
1002                return NULL;
1003        n = read(fd, buf, sizeof(buf)-1);
1004        close(fd);
1005        if (n < 4)      /* at least '#!/x' and not error */
1006                return NULL;
1007
1008        if (buf[0] != '#' || buf[1] != '!')
1009                return NULL;
1010        buf[n] = '\0';
1011        p = buf + strcspn(buf, "\r\n");
1012        if (!*p)
1013                return NULL;
1014
1015        *p = '\0';
1016        if (!(p = strrchr(buf+2, '/')) && !(p = strrchr(buf+2, '\\')))
1017                return NULL;
1018        /* strip options */
1019        if ((opt = strchr(p+1, ' ')))
1020                *opt = '\0';
1021        return p+1;
1022}
1023
1024/*
1025 * exe_only means that we only want to detect .exe files, but not scripts
1026 * (which do not have an extension)
1027 */
1028static char *lookup_prog(const char *dir, int dirlen, const char *cmd,
1029                         int isexe, int exe_only)
1030{
1031        char path[MAX_PATH];
1032        snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%.*s\\%s.exe", dirlen, dir, cmd);
1033
1034        if (!isexe && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
1035                return xstrdup(path);
1036        path[strlen(path)-4] = '\0';
1037        if ((!exe_only || isexe) && access(path, F_OK) == 0)
1038                if (!(GetFileAttributes(path) & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
1039                        return xstrdup(path);
1040        return NULL;
1041}
1042
1043/*
1044 * Determines the absolute path of cmd using the split path in path.
1045 * If cmd contains a slash or backslash, no lookup is performed.
1046 */
1047static char *path_lookup(const char *cmd, int exe_only)
1048{
1049        const char *path;
1050        char *prog = NULL;
1051        int len = strlen(cmd);
1052        int isexe = len >= 4 && !strcasecmp(cmd+len-4, ".exe");
1053
1054        if (strchr(cmd, '/') || strchr(cmd, '\\'))
1055                return xstrdup(cmd);
1056
1057        path = mingw_getenv("PATH");
1058        if (!path)
1059                return NULL;
1060
1061        while (!prog) {
1062                const char *sep = strchrnul(path, ';');
1063                int dirlen = sep - path;
1064                if (dirlen)
1065                        prog = lookup_prog(path, dirlen, cmd, isexe, exe_only);
1066                if (!*sep)
1067                        break;
1068                path = sep + 1;
1069        }
1070
1071        return prog;
1072}
1073
1074static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old);
1075
1076/* used number of elements of environ array, including terminating NULL */
1077static int environ_size = 0;
1078/* allocated size of environ array, in bytes */
1079static int environ_alloc = 0;
1080
1081/*
1082 * Create environment block suitable for CreateProcess. Merges current
1083 * process environment and the supplied environment changes.
1084 */
1085static wchar_t *make_environment_block(char **deltaenv)
1086{
1087        wchar_t *wenvblk = NULL;
1088        char **tmpenv;
1089        int i = 0, size = environ_size, wenvsz = 0, wenvpos = 0;
1090
1091        while (deltaenv && deltaenv[i])
1092                i++;
1093
1094        /* copy the environment, leaving space for changes */
1095        ALLOC_ARRAY(tmpenv, size + i);
1096        memcpy(tmpenv, environ, size * sizeof(char*));
1097
1098        /* merge supplied environment changes into the temporary environment */
1099        for (i = 0; deltaenv && deltaenv[i]; i++)
1100                size = do_putenv(tmpenv, deltaenv[i], size, 0);
1101
1102        /* create environment block from temporary environment */
1103        for (i = 0; tmpenv[i]; i++) {
1104                size = 2 * strlen(tmpenv[i]) + 2; /* +2 for final \0 */
1105                ALLOC_GROW(wenvblk, (wenvpos + size) * sizeof(wchar_t), wenvsz);
1106                wenvpos += xutftowcs(&wenvblk[wenvpos], tmpenv[i], size) + 1;
1107        }
1108        /* add final \0 terminator */
1109        wenvblk[wenvpos] = 0;
1110        free(tmpenv);
1111        return wenvblk;
1112}
1113
1114struct pinfo_t {
1115        struct pinfo_t *next;
1116        pid_t pid;
1117        HANDLE proc;
1118};
1119static struct pinfo_t *pinfo = NULL;
1120CRITICAL_SECTION pinfo_cs;
1121
1122static pid_t mingw_spawnve_fd(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1123                              const char *dir,
1124                              int prepend_cmd, int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1125{
1126        STARTUPINFOW si;
1127        PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
1128        struct strbuf args;
1129        wchar_t wcmd[MAX_PATH], wdir[MAX_PATH], *wargs, *wenvblk = NULL;
1130        unsigned flags = CREATE_UNICODE_ENVIRONMENT;
1131        BOOL ret;
1132
1133        /* Determine whether or not we are associated to a console */
1134        HANDLE cons = CreateFile("CONOUT$", GENERIC_WRITE,
1135                        FILE_SHARE_WRITE, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
1136                        FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
1137        if (cons == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
1138                /* There is no console associated with this process.
1139                 * Since the child is a console process, Windows
1140                 * would normally create a console window. But
1141                 * since we'll be redirecting std streams, we do
1142                 * not need the console.
1143                 * It is necessary to use DETACHED_PROCESS
1144                 * instead of CREATE_NO_WINDOW to make ssh
1145                 * recognize that it has no console.
1146                 */
1147                flags |= DETACHED_PROCESS;
1148        } else {
1149                /* There is already a console. If we specified
1150                 * DETACHED_PROCESS here, too, Windows would
1151                 * disassociate the child from the console.
1152                 * The same is true for CREATE_NO_WINDOW.
1153                 * Go figure!
1154                 */
1155                CloseHandle(cons);
1156        }
1157        memset(&si, 0, sizeof(si));
1158        si.cb = sizeof(si);
1159        si.dwFlags = STARTF_USESTDHANDLES;
1160        si.hStdInput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhin);
1161        si.hStdOutput = winansi_get_osfhandle(fhout);
1162        si.hStdError = winansi_get_osfhandle(fherr);
1163
1164        if (xutftowcs_path(wcmd, cmd) < 0)
1165                return -1;
1166        if (dir && xutftowcs_path(wdir, dir) < 0)
1167                return -1;
1168
1169        /* concatenate argv, quoting args as we go */
1170        strbuf_init(&args, 0);
1171        if (prepend_cmd) {
1172                char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(cmd);
1173                strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1174                if (quoted != cmd)
1175                        free(quoted);
1176        }
1177        for (; *argv; argv++) {
1178                char *quoted = (char *)quote_arg(*argv);
1179                if (*args.buf)
1180                        strbuf_addch(&args, ' ');
1181                strbuf_addstr(&args, quoted);
1182                if (quoted != *argv)
1183                        free(quoted);
1184        }
1185
1186        ALLOC_ARRAY(wargs, st_add(st_mult(2, args.len), 1));
1187        xutftowcs(wargs, args.buf, 2 * args.len + 1);
1188        strbuf_release(&args);
1189
1190        wenvblk = make_environment_block(deltaenv);
1191
1192        memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1193        ret = CreateProcessW(wcmd, wargs, NULL, NULL, TRUE, flags,
1194                wenvblk, dir ? wdir : NULL, &si, &pi);
1195
1196        free(wenvblk);
1197        free(wargs);
1198
1199        if (!ret) {
1200                errno = ENOENT;
1201                return -1;
1202        }
1203        CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1204
1205        /*
1206         * The process ID is the human-readable identifier of the process
1207         * that we want to present in log and error messages. The handle
1208         * is not useful for this purpose. But we cannot close it, either,
1209         * because it is not possible to turn a process ID into a process
1210         * handle after the process terminated.
1211         * Keep the handle in a list for waitpid.
1212         */
1213        EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1214        {
1215                struct pinfo_t *info = xmalloc(sizeof(struct pinfo_t));
1216                info->pid = pi.dwProcessId;
1217                info->proc = pi.hProcess;
1218                info->next = pinfo;
1219                pinfo = info;
1220        }
1221        LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
1222
1223        return (pid_t)pi.dwProcessId;
1224}
1225
1226static pid_t mingw_spawnv(const char *cmd, const char **argv, int prepend_cmd)
1227{
1228        return mingw_spawnve_fd(cmd, argv, NULL, NULL, prepend_cmd, 0, 1, 2);
1229}
1230
1231pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **deltaenv,
1232                     const char *dir,
1233                     int fhin, int fhout, int fherr)
1234{
1235        pid_t pid;
1236        char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, 0);
1237
1238        if (!prog) {
1239                errno = ENOENT;
1240                pid = -1;
1241        }
1242        else {
1243                const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(prog);
1244
1245                if (interpr) {
1246                        const char *argv0 = argv[0];
1247                        char *iprog = path_lookup(interpr, 1);
1248                        argv[0] = prog;
1249                        if (!iprog) {
1250                                errno = ENOENT;
1251                                pid = -1;
1252                        }
1253                        else {
1254                                pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(iprog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 1,
1255                                                       fhin, fhout, fherr);
1256                                free(iprog);
1257                        }
1258                        argv[0] = argv0;
1259                }
1260                else
1261                        pid = mingw_spawnve_fd(prog, argv, deltaenv, dir, 0,
1262                                               fhin, fhout, fherr);
1263                free(prog);
1264        }
1265        return pid;
1266}
1267
1268static int try_shell_exec(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1269{
1270        const char *interpr = parse_interpreter(cmd);
1271        char *prog;
1272        int pid = 0;
1273
1274        if (!interpr)
1275                return 0;
1276        prog = path_lookup(interpr, 1);
1277        if (prog) {
1278                int argc = 0;
1279                const char **argv2;
1280                while (argv[argc]) argc++;
1281                ALLOC_ARRAY(argv2, argc + 1);
1282                argv2[0] = (char *)cmd; /* full path to the script file */
1283                memcpy(&argv2[1], &argv[1], sizeof(*argv) * argc);
1284                pid = mingw_spawnv(prog, argv2, 1);
1285                if (pid >= 0) {
1286                        int status;
1287                        if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1288                                status = 255;
1289                        exit(status);
1290                }
1291                pid = 1;        /* indicate that we tried but failed */
1292                free(prog);
1293                free(argv2);
1294        }
1295        return pid;
1296}
1297
1298int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1299{
1300        /* check if git_command is a shell script */
1301        if (!try_shell_exec(cmd, argv)) {
1302                int pid, status;
1303
1304                pid = mingw_spawnv(cmd, (const char **)argv, 0);
1305                if (pid < 0)
1306                        return -1;
1307                if (waitpid(pid, &status, 0) < 0)
1308                        status = 255;
1309                exit(status);
1310        }
1311        return -1;
1312}
1313
1314int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
1315{
1316        char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, 0);
1317
1318        if (prog) {
1319                mingw_execv(prog, argv);
1320                free(prog);
1321        } else
1322                errno = ENOENT;
1323
1324        return -1;
1325}
1326
1327int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
1328{
1329        if (pid > 0 && sig == SIGTERM) {
1330                HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_TERMINATE, FALSE, pid);
1331
1332                if (TerminateProcess(h, -1)) {
1333                        CloseHandle(h);
1334                        return 0;
1335                }
1336
1337                errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
1338                CloseHandle(h);
1339                return -1;
1340        } else if (pid > 0 && sig == 0) {
1341                HANDLE h = OpenProcess(PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION, FALSE, pid);
1342                if (h) {
1343                        CloseHandle(h);
1344                        return 0;
1345                }
1346        }
1347
1348        errno = EINVAL;
1349        return -1;
1350}
1351
1352/*
1353 * Compare environment entries by key (i.e. stopping at '=' or '\0').
1354 */
1355static int compareenv(const void *v1, const void *v2)
1356{
1357        const char *e1 = *(const char**)v1;
1358        const char *e2 = *(const char**)v2;
1359
1360        for (;;) {
1361                int c1 = *e1++;
1362                int c2 = *e2++;
1363                c1 = (c1 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c1);
1364                c2 = (c2 == '=') ? 0 : tolower(c2);
1365                if (c1 > c2)
1366                        return 1;
1367                if (c1 < c2)
1368                        return -1;
1369                if (c1 == 0)
1370                        return 0;
1371        }
1372}
1373
1374static int bsearchenv(char **env, const char *name, size_t size)
1375{
1376        unsigned low = 0, high = size;
1377        while (low < high) {
1378                unsigned mid = low + ((high - low) >> 1);
1379                int cmp = compareenv(&env[mid], &name);
1380                if (cmp < 0)
1381                        low = mid + 1;
1382                else if (cmp > 0)
1383                        high = mid;
1384                else
1385                        return mid;
1386        }
1387        return ~low; /* not found, return 1's complement of insert position */
1388}
1389
1390/*
1391 * If name contains '=', then sets the variable, otherwise it unsets it
1392 * Size includes the terminating NULL. Env must have room for size + 1 entries
1393 * (in case of insert). Returns the new size. Optionally frees removed entries.
1394 */
1395static int do_putenv(char **env, const char *name, int size, int free_old)
1396{
1397        int i = bsearchenv(env, name, size - 1);
1398
1399        /* optionally free removed / replaced entry */
1400        if (i >= 0 && free_old)
1401                free(env[i]);
1402
1403        if (strchr(name, '=')) {
1404                /* if new value ('key=value') is specified, insert or replace entry */
1405                if (i < 0) {
1406                        i = ~i;
1407                        memmove(&env[i + 1], &env[i], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
1408                        size++;
1409                }
1410                env[i] = (char*) name;
1411        } else if (i >= 0) {
1412                /* otherwise ('key') remove existing entry */
1413                size--;
1414                memmove(&env[i], &env[i + 1], (size - i) * sizeof(char*));
1415        }
1416        return size;
1417}
1418
1419char *mingw_getenv(const char *name)
1420{
1421        char *value;
1422        int pos = bsearchenv(environ, name, environ_size - 1);
1423        if (pos < 0)
1424                return NULL;
1425        value = strchr(environ[pos], '=');
1426        return value ? &value[1] : NULL;
1427}
1428
1429int mingw_putenv(const char *namevalue)
1430{
1431        ALLOC_GROW(environ, (environ_size + 1) * sizeof(char*), environ_alloc);
1432        environ_size = do_putenv(environ, namevalue, environ_size, 1);
1433        return 0;
1434}
1435
1436/*
1437 * Note, this isn't a complete replacement for getaddrinfo. It assumes
1438 * that service contains a numerical port, or that it is null. It
1439 * does a simple search using gethostbyname, and returns one IPv4 host
1440 * if one was found.
1441 */
1442static int WSAAPI getaddrinfo_stub(const char *node, const char *service,
1443                                   const struct addrinfo *hints,
1444                                   struct addrinfo **res)
1445{
1446        struct hostent *h = NULL;
1447        struct addrinfo *ai;
1448        struct sockaddr_in *sin;
1449
1450        if (node) {
1451                h = gethostbyname(node);
1452                if (!h)
1453                        return WSAGetLastError();
1454        }
1455
1456        ai = xmalloc(sizeof(struct addrinfo));
1457        *res = ai;
1458        ai->ai_flags = 0;
1459        ai->ai_family = AF_INET;
1460        ai->ai_socktype = hints ? hints->ai_socktype : 0;
1461        switch (ai->ai_socktype) {
1462        case SOCK_STREAM:
1463                ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_TCP;
1464                break;
1465        case SOCK_DGRAM:
1466                ai->ai_protocol = IPPROTO_UDP;
1467                break;
1468        default:
1469                ai->ai_protocol = 0;
1470                break;
1471        }
1472        ai->ai_addrlen = sizeof(struct sockaddr_in);
1473        if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_CANONNAME))
1474                ai->ai_canonname = h ? xstrdup(h->h_name) : NULL;
1475        else
1476                ai->ai_canonname = NULL;
1477
1478        sin = xcalloc(1, ai->ai_addrlen);
1479        sin->sin_family = AF_INET;
1480        /* Note: getaddrinfo is supposed to allow service to be a string,
1481         * which should be looked up using getservbyname. This is
1482         * currently not implemented */
1483        if (service)
1484                sin->sin_port = htons(atoi(service));
1485        if (h)
1486                sin->sin_addr = *(struct in_addr *)h->h_addr;
1487        else if (hints && (hints->ai_flags & AI_PASSIVE))
1488                sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_ANY;
1489        else
1490                sin->sin_addr.s_addr = INADDR_LOOPBACK;
1491        ai->ai_addr = (struct sockaddr *)sin;
1492        ai->ai_next = NULL;
1493        return 0;
1494}
1495
1496static void WSAAPI freeaddrinfo_stub(struct addrinfo *res)
1497{
1498        free(res->ai_canonname);
1499        free(res->ai_addr);
1500        free(res);
1501}
1502
1503static int WSAAPI getnameinfo_stub(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1504                                   char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1505                                   char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags)
1506{
1507        const struct sockaddr_in *sin = (const struct sockaddr_in *)sa;
1508        if (sa->sa_family != AF_INET)
1509                return EAI_FAMILY;
1510        if (!host && !serv)
1511                return EAI_NONAME;
1512
1513        if (host && hostlen > 0) {
1514                struct hostent *ent = NULL;
1515                if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICHOST))
1516                        ent = gethostbyaddr((const char *)&sin->sin_addr,
1517                                            sizeof(sin->sin_addr), AF_INET);
1518
1519                if (ent)
1520                        snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", ent->h_name);
1521                else if (flags & NI_NAMEREQD)
1522                        return EAI_NONAME;
1523                else
1524                        snprintf(host, hostlen, "%s", inet_ntoa(sin->sin_addr));
1525        }
1526
1527        if (serv && servlen > 0) {
1528                struct servent *ent = NULL;
1529                if (!(flags & NI_NUMERICSERV))
1530                        ent = getservbyport(sin->sin_port,
1531                                            flags & NI_DGRAM ? "udp" : "tcp");
1532
1533                if (ent)
1534                        snprintf(serv, servlen, "%s", ent->s_name);
1535                else
1536                        snprintf(serv, servlen, "%d", ntohs(sin->sin_port));
1537        }
1538
1539        return 0;
1540}
1541
1542static HMODULE ipv6_dll = NULL;
1543static void (WSAAPI *ipv6_freeaddrinfo)(struct addrinfo *res);
1544static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getaddrinfo)(const char *node, const char *service,
1545                                      const struct addrinfo *hints,
1546                                      struct addrinfo **res);
1547static int (WSAAPI *ipv6_getnameinfo)(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1548                                      char *host, DWORD hostlen,
1549                                      char *serv, DWORD servlen, int flags);
1550/*
1551 * gai_strerror is an inline function in the ws2tcpip.h header, so we
1552 * don't need to try to load that one dynamically.
1553 */
1554
1555static void socket_cleanup(void)
1556{
1557        WSACleanup();
1558        if (ipv6_dll)
1559                FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1560        ipv6_dll = NULL;
1561        ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1562        ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1563        ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1564}
1565
1566static void ensure_socket_initialization(void)
1567{
1568        WSADATA wsa;
1569        static int initialized = 0;
1570        const char *libraries[] = { "ws2_32.dll", "wship6.dll", NULL };
1571        const char **name;
1572
1573        if (initialized)
1574                return;
1575
1576        if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,2), &wsa))
1577                die("unable to initialize winsock subsystem, error %d",
1578                        WSAGetLastError());
1579
1580        for (name = libraries; *name; name++) {
1581                ipv6_dll = LoadLibrary(*name);
1582                if (!ipv6_dll)
1583                        continue;
1584
1585                ipv6_freeaddrinfo = (void (WSAAPI *)(struct addrinfo *))
1586                        GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "freeaddrinfo");
1587                ipv6_getaddrinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const char *, const char *,
1588                                                   const struct addrinfo *,
1589                                                   struct addrinfo **))
1590                        GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getaddrinfo");
1591                ipv6_getnameinfo = (int (WSAAPI *)(const struct sockaddr *,
1592                                                   socklen_t, char *, DWORD,
1593                                                   char *, DWORD, int))
1594                        GetProcAddress(ipv6_dll, "getnameinfo");
1595                if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1596                        FreeLibrary(ipv6_dll);
1597                        ipv6_dll = NULL;
1598                } else
1599                        break;
1600        }
1601        if (!ipv6_freeaddrinfo || !ipv6_getaddrinfo || !ipv6_getnameinfo) {
1602                ipv6_freeaddrinfo = freeaddrinfo_stub;
1603                ipv6_getaddrinfo = getaddrinfo_stub;
1604                ipv6_getnameinfo = getnameinfo_stub;
1605        }
1606
1607        atexit(socket_cleanup);
1608        initialized = 1;
1609}
1610
1611#undef gethostname
1612int mingw_gethostname(char *name, int namelen)
1613{
1614    ensure_socket_initialization();
1615    return gethostname(name, namelen);
1616}
1617
1618#undef gethostbyname
1619struct hostent *mingw_gethostbyname(const char *host)
1620{
1621        ensure_socket_initialization();
1622        return gethostbyname(host);
1623}
1624
1625void mingw_freeaddrinfo(struct addrinfo *res)
1626{
1627        ipv6_freeaddrinfo(res);
1628}
1629
1630int mingw_getaddrinfo(const char *node, const char *service,
1631                      const struct addrinfo *hints, struct addrinfo **res)
1632{
1633        ensure_socket_initialization();
1634        return ipv6_getaddrinfo(node, service, hints, res);
1635}
1636
1637int mingw_getnameinfo(const struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t salen,
1638                      char *host, DWORD hostlen, char *serv, DWORD servlen,
1639                      int flags)
1640{
1641        ensure_socket_initialization();
1642        return ipv6_getnameinfo(sa, salen, host, hostlen, serv, servlen, flags);
1643}
1644
1645int mingw_socket(int domain, int type, int protocol)
1646{
1647        int sockfd;
1648        SOCKET s;
1649
1650        ensure_socket_initialization();
1651        s = WSASocket(domain, type, protocol, NULL, 0, 0);
1652        if (s == INVALID_SOCKET) {
1653                /*
1654                 * WSAGetLastError() values are regular BSD error codes
1655                 * biased by WSABASEERR.
1656                 * However, strerror() does not know about networking
1657                 * specific errors, which are values beginning at 38 or so.
1658                 * Therefore, we choose to leave the biased error code
1659                 * in errno so that _if_ someone looks up the code somewhere,
1660                 * then it is at least the number that are usually listed.
1661                 */
1662                errno = WSAGetLastError();
1663                return -1;
1664        }
1665        /* convert into a file descriptor */
1666        if ((sockfd = _open_osfhandle(s, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1667                closesocket(s);
1668                return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1669                        strerror(errno));
1670        }
1671        return sockfd;
1672}
1673
1674#undef connect
1675int mingw_connect(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1676{
1677        SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1678        return connect(s, sa, sz);
1679}
1680
1681#undef bind
1682int mingw_bind(int sockfd, struct sockaddr *sa, size_t sz)
1683{
1684        SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1685        return bind(s, sa, sz);
1686}
1687
1688#undef setsockopt
1689int mingw_setsockopt(int sockfd, int lvl, int optname, void *optval, int optlen)
1690{
1691        SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1692        return setsockopt(s, lvl, optname, (const char*)optval, optlen);
1693}
1694
1695#undef shutdown
1696int mingw_shutdown(int sockfd, int how)
1697{
1698        SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1699        return shutdown(s, how);
1700}
1701
1702#undef listen
1703int mingw_listen(int sockfd, int backlog)
1704{
1705        SOCKET s = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd);
1706        return listen(s, backlog);
1707}
1708
1709#undef accept
1710int mingw_accept(int sockfd1, struct sockaddr *sa, socklen_t *sz)
1711{
1712        int sockfd2;
1713
1714        SOCKET s1 = (SOCKET)_get_osfhandle(sockfd1);
1715        SOCKET s2 = accept(s1, sa, sz);
1716
1717        /* convert into a file descriptor */
1718        if ((sockfd2 = _open_osfhandle(s2, O_RDWR|O_BINARY)) < 0) {
1719                int err = errno;
1720                closesocket(s2);
1721                return error("unable to make a socket file descriptor: %s",
1722                        strerror(err));
1723        }
1724        return sockfd2;
1725}
1726
1727#undef rename
1728int mingw_rename(const char *pold, const char *pnew)
1729{
1730        DWORD attrs, gle;
1731        int tries = 0;
1732        wchar_t wpold[MAX_PATH], wpnew[MAX_PATH];
1733        if (xutftowcs_path(wpold, pold) < 0 || xutftowcs_path(wpnew, pnew) < 0)
1734                return -1;
1735
1736        /*
1737         * Try native rename() first to get errno right.
1738         * It is based on MoveFile(), which cannot overwrite existing files.
1739         */
1740        if (!_wrename(wpold, wpnew))
1741                return 0;
1742        if (errno != EEXIST)
1743                return -1;
1744repeat:
1745        if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1746                return 0;
1747        /* TODO: translate more errors */
1748        gle = GetLastError();
1749        if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1750            (attrs = GetFileAttributesW(wpnew)) != INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES) {
1751                if (attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY) {
1752                        DWORD attrsold = GetFileAttributesW(wpold);
1753                        if (attrsold == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES ||
1754                            !(attrsold & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY))
1755                                errno = EISDIR;
1756                        else if (!_wrmdir(wpnew))
1757                                goto repeat;
1758                        return -1;
1759                }
1760                if ((attrs & FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY) &&
1761                    SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs & ~FILE_ATTRIBUTE_READONLY)) {
1762                        if (MoveFileExW(wpold, wpnew, MOVEFILE_REPLACE_EXISTING))
1763                                return 0;
1764                        gle = GetLastError();
1765                        /* revert file attributes on failure */
1766                        SetFileAttributesW(wpnew, attrs);
1767                }
1768        }
1769        if (tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay) && gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED) {
1770                /*
1771                 * We assume that some other process had the source or
1772                 * destination file open at the wrong moment and retry.
1773                 * In order to give the other process a higher chance to
1774                 * complete its operation, we give up our time slice now.
1775                 * If we have to retry again, we do sleep a bit.
1776                 */
1777                Sleep(delay[tries]);
1778                tries++;
1779                goto repeat;
1780        }
1781        if (gle == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED &&
1782               ask_yes_no_if_possible("Rename from '%s' to '%s' failed. "
1783                       "Should I try again?", pold, pnew))
1784                goto repeat;
1785
1786        errno = EACCES;
1787        return -1;
1788}
1789
1790/*
1791 * Note that this doesn't return the actual pagesize, but
1792 * the allocation granularity. If future Windows specific git code
1793 * needs the real getpagesize function, we need to find another solution.
1794 */
1795int mingw_getpagesize(void)
1796{
1797        SYSTEM_INFO si;
1798        GetSystemInfo(&si);
1799        return si.dwAllocationGranularity;
1800}
1801
1802/* See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms724435.aspx */
1803enum EXTENDED_NAME_FORMAT {
1804        NameDisplay = 3,
1805        NameUserPrincipal = 8
1806};
1807
1808static char *get_extended_user_info(enum EXTENDED_NAME_FORMAT type)
1809{
1810        DECLARE_PROC_ADDR(secur32.dll, BOOL, GetUserNameExW,
1811                enum EXTENDED_NAME_FORMAT, LPCWSTR, PULONG);
1812        static wchar_t wbuffer[1024];
1813        DWORD len;
1814
1815        if (!INIT_PROC_ADDR(GetUserNameExW))
1816                return NULL;
1817
1818        len = ARRAY_SIZE(wbuffer);
1819        if (GetUserNameExW(type, wbuffer, &len)) {
1820                char *converted = xmalloc((len *= 3));
1821                if (xwcstoutf(converted, wbuffer, len) >= 0)
1822                        return converted;
1823                free(converted);
1824        }
1825
1826        return NULL;
1827}
1828
1829char *mingw_query_user_email(void)
1830{
1831        return get_extended_user_info(NameUserPrincipal);
1832}
1833
1834struct passwd *getpwuid(int uid)
1835{
1836        static unsigned initialized;
1837        static char user_name[100];
1838        static struct passwd *p;
1839        DWORD len;
1840
1841        if (initialized)
1842                return p;
1843
1844        len = sizeof(user_name);
1845        if (!GetUserName(user_name, &len)) {
1846                initialized = 1;
1847                return NULL;
1848        }
1849
1850        p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p));
1851        p->pw_name = user_name;
1852        p->pw_gecos = get_extended_user_info(NameDisplay);
1853        if (!p->pw_gecos)
1854                p->pw_gecos = "unknown";
1855        p->pw_dir = NULL;
1856
1857        initialized = 1;
1858        return p;
1859}
1860
1861static HANDLE timer_event;
1862static HANDLE timer_thread;
1863static int timer_interval;
1864static int one_shot;
1865static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
1866
1867/* The timer works like this:
1868 * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
1869 * only waits to receive the signal to terminate. The main thread tells
1870 * the thread to terminate by setting the timer_event to the signalled
1871 * state.
1872 * But ticktack() interrupts the wait state after the timer's interval
1873 * length to call the signal handler.
1874 */
1875
1876static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
1877{
1878        while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
1879                mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
1880                if (one_shot)
1881                        break;
1882        }
1883        return 0;
1884}
1885
1886static int start_timer_thread(void)
1887{
1888        timer_event = CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
1889        if (timer_event) {
1890                timer_thread = (HANDLE) _beginthreadex(NULL, 0, ticktack, NULL, 0, NULL);
1891                if (!timer_thread )
1892                        return errno = ENOMEM,
1893                                error("cannot start timer thread");
1894        } else
1895                return errno = ENOMEM,
1896                        error("cannot allocate resources for timer");
1897        return 0;
1898}
1899
1900static void stop_timer_thread(void)
1901{
1902        if (timer_event)
1903                SetEvent(timer_event);  /* tell thread to terminate */
1904        if (timer_thread) {
1905                int rc = WaitForSingleObject(timer_thread, 1000);
1906                if (rc == WAIT_TIMEOUT)
1907                        error("timer thread did not terminate timely");
1908                else if (rc != WAIT_OBJECT_0)
1909                        error("waiting for timer thread failed: %lu",
1910                              GetLastError());
1911                CloseHandle(timer_thread);
1912        }
1913        if (timer_event)
1914                CloseHandle(timer_event);
1915        timer_event = NULL;
1916        timer_thread = NULL;
1917}
1918
1919static inline int is_timeval_eq(const struct timeval *i1, const struct timeval *i2)
1920{
1921        return i1->tv_sec == i2->tv_sec && i1->tv_usec == i2->tv_usec;
1922}
1923
1924int setitimer(int type, struct itimerval *in, struct itimerval *out)
1925{
1926        static const struct timeval zero;
1927        static int atexit_done;
1928
1929        if (out != NULL)
1930                return errno = EINVAL,
1931                        error("setitimer param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1932        if (!is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero) &&
1933            !is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &in->it_value))
1934                return errno = EINVAL,
1935                        error("setitimer: it_interval must be zero or eq it_value");
1936
1937        if (timer_thread)
1938                stop_timer_thread();
1939
1940        if (is_timeval_eq(&in->it_value, &zero) &&
1941            is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero))
1942                return 0;
1943
1944        timer_interval = in->it_value.tv_sec * 1000 + in->it_value.tv_usec / 1000;
1945        one_shot = is_timeval_eq(&in->it_interval, &zero);
1946        if (!atexit_done) {
1947                atexit(stop_timer_thread);
1948                atexit_done = 1;
1949        }
1950        return start_timer_thread();
1951}
1952
1953int sigaction(int sig, struct sigaction *in, struct sigaction *out)
1954{
1955        if (sig != SIGALRM)
1956                return errno = EINVAL,
1957                        error("sigaction only implemented for SIGALRM");
1958        if (out != NULL)
1959                return errno = EINVAL,
1960                        error("sigaction: param 3 != NULL not implemented");
1961
1962        timer_fn = in->sa_handler;
1963        return 0;
1964}
1965
1966#undef signal
1967sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
1968{
1969        sig_handler_t old;
1970
1971        switch (sig) {
1972        case SIGALRM:
1973                old = timer_fn;
1974                timer_fn = handler;
1975                break;
1976
1977        case SIGINT:
1978                old = sigint_fn;
1979                sigint_fn = handler;
1980                break;
1981
1982        default:
1983                return signal(sig, handler);
1984        }
1985
1986        return old;
1987}
1988
1989#undef raise
1990int mingw_raise(int sig)
1991{
1992        switch (sig) {
1993        case SIGALRM:
1994                if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
1995                        if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
1996                                fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
1997                        exit(128 + SIGALRM);
1998                } else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
1999                        timer_fn(SIGALRM);
2000                return 0;
2001
2002        case SIGINT:
2003                if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
2004                        exit(128 + SIGINT);
2005                else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
2006                        sigint_fn(SIGINT);
2007                return 0;
2008
2009        default:
2010                return raise(sig);
2011        }
2012}
2013
2014int link(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath)
2015{
2016        typedef BOOL (WINAPI *T)(LPCWSTR, LPCWSTR, LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
2017        static T create_hard_link = NULL;
2018        wchar_t woldpath[MAX_PATH], wnewpath[MAX_PATH];
2019        if (xutftowcs_path(woldpath, oldpath) < 0 ||
2020                xutftowcs_path(wnewpath, newpath) < 0)
2021                return -1;
2022
2023        if (!create_hard_link) {
2024                create_hard_link = (T) GetProcAddress(
2025                        GetModuleHandle("kernel32.dll"), "CreateHardLinkW");
2026                if (!create_hard_link)
2027                        create_hard_link = (T)-1;
2028        }
2029        if (create_hard_link == (T)-1) {
2030                errno = ENOSYS;
2031                return -1;
2032        }
2033        if (!create_hard_link(wnewpath, woldpath, NULL)) {
2034                errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
2035                return -1;
2036        }
2037        return 0;
2038}
2039
2040pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
2041{
2042        HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
2043            FALSE, pid);
2044        if (!h) {
2045                errno = ECHILD;
2046                return -1;
2047        }
2048
2049        if (pid > 0 && options & WNOHANG) {
2050                if (WAIT_OBJECT_0 != WaitForSingleObject(h, 0)) {
2051                        CloseHandle(h);
2052                        return 0;
2053                }
2054                options &= ~WNOHANG;
2055        }
2056
2057        if (options == 0) {
2058                struct pinfo_t **ppinfo;
2059                if (WaitForSingleObject(h, INFINITE) != WAIT_OBJECT_0) {
2060                        CloseHandle(h);
2061                        return 0;
2062                }
2063
2064                if (status)
2065                        GetExitCodeProcess(h, (LPDWORD)status);
2066
2067                EnterCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2068
2069                ppinfo = &pinfo;
2070                while (*ppinfo) {
2071                        struct pinfo_t *info = *ppinfo;
2072                        if (info->pid == pid) {
2073                                CloseHandle(info->proc);
2074                                *ppinfo = info->next;
2075                                free(info);
2076                                break;
2077                        }
2078                        ppinfo = &info->next;
2079                }
2080
2081                LeaveCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2082
2083                CloseHandle(h);
2084                return pid;
2085        }
2086        CloseHandle(h);
2087
2088        errno = EINVAL;
2089        return -1;
2090}
2091
2092int mingw_skip_dos_drive_prefix(char **path)
2093{
2094        int ret = has_dos_drive_prefix(*path);
2095        *path += ret;
2096        return ret;
2097}
2098
2099int mingw_offset_1st_component(const char *path)
2100{
2101        char *pos = (char *)path;
2102
2103        /* unc paths */
2104        if (!skip_dos_drive_prefix(&pos) &&
2105                        is_dir_sep(pos[0]) && is_dir_sep(pos[1])) {
2106                /* skip server name */
2107                pos = strpbrk(pos + 2, "\\/");
2108                if (!pos)
2109                        return 0; /* Error: malformed unc path */
2110
2111                do {
2112                        pos++;
2113                } while (*pos && !is_dir_sep(*pos));
2114        }
2115
2116        return pos + is_dir_sep(*pos) - path;
2117}
2118
2119int xutftowcsn(wchar_t *wcs, const char *utfs, size_t wcslen, int utflen)
2120{
2121        int upos = 0, wpos = 0;
2122        const unsigned char *utf = (const unsigned char*) utfs;
2123        if (!utf || !wcs || wcslen < 1) {
2124                errno = EINVAL;
2125                return -1;
2126        }
2127        /* reserve space for \0 */
2128        wcslen--;
2129        if (utflen < 0)
2130                utflen = INT_MAX;
2131
2132        while (upos < utflen) {
2133                int c = utf[upos++] & 0xff;
2134                if (utflen == INT_MAX && c == 0)
2135                        break;
2136
2137                if (wpos >= wcslen) {
2138                        wcs[wpos] = 0;
2139                        errno = ERANGE;
2140                        return -1;
2141                }
2142
2143                if (c < 0x80) {
2144                        /* ASCII */
2145                        wcs[wpos++] = c;
2146                } else if (c >= 0xc2 && c < 0xe0 && upos < utflen &&
2147                                (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2148                        /* 2-byte utf-8 */
2149                        c = ((c & 0x1f) << 6);
2150                        c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2151                        wcs[wpos++] = c;
2152                } else if (c >= 0xe0 && c < 0xf0 && upos + 1 < utflen &&
2153                                !(c == 0xe0 && utf[upos] < 0xa0) && /* over-long encoding */
2154                                (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2155                                (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2156                        /* 3-byte utf-8 */
2157                        c = ((c & 0x0f) << 12);
2158                        c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2159                        c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2160                        wcs[wpos++] = c;
2161                } else if (c >= 0xf0 && c < 0xf5 && upos + 2 < utflen &&
2162                                wpos + 1 < wcslen &&
2163                                !(c == 0xf0 && utf[upos] < 0x90) && /* over-long encoding */
2164                                !(c == 0xf4 && utf[upos] >= 0x90) && /* > \u10ffff */
2165                                (utf[upos] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2166                                (utf[upos + 1] & 0xc0) == 0x80 &&
2167                                (utf[upos + 2] & 0xc0) == 0x80) {
2168                        /* 4-byte utf-8: convert to \ud8xx \udcxx surrogate pair */
2169                        c = ((c & 0x07) << 18);
2170                        c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 12);
2171                        c |= ((utf[upos++] & 0x3f) << 6);
2172                        c |= (utf[upos++] & 0x3f);
2173                        c -= 0x10000;
2174                        wcs[wpos++] = 0xd800 | (c >> 10);
2175                        wcs[wpos++] = 0xdc00 | (c & 0x3ff);
2176                } else if (c >= 0xa0) {
2177                        /* invalid utf-8 byte, printable unicode char: convert 1:1 */
2178                        wcs[wpos++] = c;
2179                } else {
2180                        /* invalid utf-8 byte, non-printable unicode: convert to hex */
2181                        static const char *hex = "0123456789abcdef";
2182                        wcs[wpos++] = hex[c >> 4];
2183                        if (wpos < wcslen)
2184                                wcs[wpos++] = hex[c & 0x0f];
2185                }
2186        }
2187        wcs[wpos] = 0;
2188        return wpos;
2189}
2190
2191int xwcstoutf(char *utf, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t utflen)
2192{
2193        if (!wcs || !utf || utflen < 1) {
2194                errno = EINVAL;
2195                return -1;
2196        }
2197        utflen = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wcs, -1, utf, utflen, NULL, NULL);
2198        if (utflen)
2199                return utflen - 1;
2200        errno = ERANGE;
2201        return -1;
2202}
2203
2204static void setup_windows_environment(void)
2205{
2206        char *tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
2207
2208        /* on Windows it is TMP and TEMP */
2209        if (!tmp) {
2210                if (!(tmp = getenv("TMP")))
2211                        tmp = getenv("TEMP");
2212                if (tmp) {
2213                        setenv("TMPDIR", tmp, 1);
2214                        tmp = getenv("TMPDIR");
2215                }
2216        }
2217
2218        if (tmp) {
2219                /*
2220                 * Convert all dir separators to forward slashes,
2221                 * to help shell commands called from the Git
2222                 * executable (by not mistaking the dir separators
2223                 * for escape characters).
2224                 */
2225                convert_slashes(tmp);
2226        }
2227
2228        /* simulate TERM to enable auto-color (see color.c) */
2229        if (!getenv("TERM"))
2230                setenv("TERM", "cygwin", 1);
2231}
2232
2233/*
2234 * Disable MSVCRT command line wildcard expansion (__getmainargs called from
2235 * mingw startup code, see init.c in mingw runtime).
2236 */
2237int _CRT_glob = 0;
2238
2239typedef struct {
2240        int newmode;
2241} _startupinfo;
2242
2243extern int __wgetmainargs(int *argc, wchar_t ***argv, wchar_t ***env, int glob,
2244                _startupinfo *si);
2245
2246static NORETURN void die_startup(void)
2247{
2248        fputs("fatal: not enough memory for initialization", stderr);
2249        exit(128);
2250}
2251
2252static void *malloc_startup(size_t size)
2253{
2254        void *result = malloc(size);
2255        if (!result)
2256                die_startup();
2257        return result;
2258}
2259
2260static char *wcstoutfdup_startup(char *buffer, const wchar_t *wcs, size_t len)
2261{
2262        len = xwcstoutf(buffer, wcs, len) + 1;
2263        return memcpy(malloc_startup(len), buffer, len);
2264}
2265
2266static void maybe_redirect_std_handle(const wchar_t *key, DWORD std_id, int fd,
2267                                      DWORD desired_access, DWORD flags)
2268{
2269        DWORD create_flag = fd ? OPEN_ALWAYS : OPEN_EXISTING;
2270        wchar_t buf[MAX_PATH];
2271        DWORD max = ARRAY_SIZE(buf);
2272        HANDLE handle;
2273        DWORD ret = GetEnvironmentVariableW(key, buf, max);
2274
2275        if (!ret || ret >= max)
2276                return;
2277
2278        /* make sure this does not leak into child processes */
2279        SetEnvironmentVariableW(key, NULL);
2280        if (!wcscmp(buf, L"off")) {
2281                close(fd);
2282                handle = GetStdHandle(std_id);
2283                if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
2284                        CloseHandle(handle);
2285                return;
2286        }
2287        if (std_id == STD_ERROR_HANDLE && !wcscmp(buf, L"2>&1")) {
2288                handle = GetStdHandle(STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE);
2289                if (handle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
2290                        close(fd);
2291                        handle = GetStdHandle(std_id);
2292                        if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
2293                                CloseHandle(handle);
2294                } else {
2295                        int new_fd = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)handle, O_BINARY);
2296                        SetStdHandle(std_id, handle);
2297                        dup2(new_fd, fd);
2298                        /* do *not* close the new_fd: that would close stdout */
2299                }
2300                return;
2301        }
2302        handle = CreateFileW(buf, desired_access, 0, NULL, create_flag,
2303                             flags, NULL);
2304        if (handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
2305                int new_fd = _open_osfhandle((intptr_t)handle, O_BINARY);
2306                SetStdHandle(std_id, handle);
2307                dup2(new_fd, fd);
2308                close(new_fd);
2309        }
2310}
2311
2312static void maybe_redirect_std_handles(void)
2313{
2314        maybe_redirect_std_handle(L"GIT_REDIRECT_STDIN", STD_INPUT_HANDLE, 0,
2315                                  GENERIC_READ, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL);
2316        maybe_redirect_std_handle(L"GIT_REDIRECT_STDOUT", STD_OUTPUT_HANDLE, 1,
2317                                  GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL);
2318        maybe_redirect_std_handle(L"GIT_REDIRECT_STDERR", STD_ERROR_HANDLE, 2,
2319                                  GENERIC_WRITE, FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING);
2320}
2321
2322void mingw_startup(void)
2323{
2324        int i, maxlen, argc;
2325        char *buffer;
2326        wchar_t **wenv, **wargv;
2327        _startupinfo si;
2328
2329        maybe_redirect_std_handles();
2330
2331        /* get wide char arguments and environment */
2332        si.newmode = 0;
2333        if (__wgetmainargs(&argc, &wargv, &wenv, _CRT_glob, &si) < 0)
2334                die_startup();
2335
2336        /* determine size of argv and environ conversion buffer */
2337        maxlen = wcslen(wargv[0]);
2338        for (i = 1; i < argc; i++)
2339                maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wargv[i]));
2340        for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2341                maxlen = max(maxlen, wcslen(wenv[i]));
2342
2343        /*
2344         * nedmalloc can't free CRT memory, allocate resizable environment
2345         * list. Note that xmalloc / xmemdupz etc. call getenv, so we cannot
2346         * use it while initializing the environment itself.
2347         */
2348        environ_size = i + 1;
2349        environ_alloc = alloc_nr(environ_size * sizeof(char*));
2350        environ = malloc_startup(environ_alloc);
2351
2352        /* allocate buffer (wchar_t encodes to max 3 UTF-8 bytes) */
2353        maxlen = 3 * maxlen + 1;
2354        buffer = malloc_startup(maxlen);
2355
2356        /* convert command line arguments and environment to UTF-8 */
2357        for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
2358                __argv[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wargv[i], maxlen);
2359        for (i = 0; wenv[i]; i++)
2360                environ[i] = wcstoutfdup_startup(buffer, wenv[i], maxlen);
2361        environ[i] = NULL;
2362        free(buffer);
2363
2364        /* sort environment for O(log n) getenv / putenv */
2365        qsort(environ, i, sizeof(char*), compareenv);
2366
2367        /* fix Windows specific environment settings */
2368        setup_windows_environment();
2369
2370        /* initialize critical section for waitpid pinfo_t list */
2371        InitializeCriticalSection(&pinfo_cs);
2372
2373        /* set up default file mode and file modes for stdin/out/err */
2374        _fmode = _O_BINARY;
2375        _setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
2376        _setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
2377        _setmode(_fileno(stderr), _O_BINARY);
2378
2379        /* initialize Unicode console */
2380        winansi_init();
2381}
2382
2383int uname(struct utsname *buf)
2384{
2385        unsigned v = (unsigned)GetVersion();
2386        memset(buf, 0, sizeof(*buf));
2387        xsnprintf(buf->sysname, sizeof(buf->sysname), "Windows");
2388        xsnprintf(buf->release, sizeof(buf->release),
2389                 "%u.%u", v & 0xff, (v >> 8) & 0xff);
2390        /* assuming NT variants only.. */
2391        xsnprintf(buf->version, sizeof(buf->version),
2392                  "%u", (v >> 16) & 0x7fff);
2393        return 0;
2394}