Documentation / technical / api-string-list.txton commit format-patch: ignore ui.color (787570c)
   1string-list API
   2===============
   3
   4The string_list API offers a data structure and functions to handle sorted
   5and unsorted string lists.
   6
   7The 'string_list' struct used to be called 'path_list', but was renamed
   8because it is not specific to paths.
   9
  10The caller:
  11
  12. Allocates and clears a `struct string_list` variable.
  13
  14. Initializes the members. You might want to set the flag `strdup_strings`
  15  if the strings should be strdup()ed. For example, this is necessary
  16  when you add something like git_path("..."), since that function returns
  17  a static buffer that will change with the next call to git_path().
  18+
  19If you need something advanced, you can manually malloc() the `items`
  20member (you need this if you add things later) and you should set the
  21`nr` and `alloc` members in that case, too.
  22
  23. Adds new items to the list, using `string_list_append` or
  24  `string_list_insert`.
  25
  26. Can check if a string is in the list using `string_list_has_string` or
  27  `unsorted_string_list_has_string` and get it from the list using
  28  `string_list_lookup` for sorted lists.
  29
  30. Can sort an unsorted list using `sort_string_list`.
  31
  32. Finally it should free the list using `string_list_clear`.
  33
  34Example:
  35
  36----
  37struct string_list list;
  38int i;
  39
  40memset(&list, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
  41string_list_append(&list, "foo");
  42string_list_append(&list, "bar");
  43for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
  44        printf("%s\n", list.items[i].string)
  45----
  46
  47NOTE: It is more efficient to build an unsorted list and sort it
  48afterwards, instead of building a sorted list (`O(n log n)` instead of
  49`O(n^2)`).
  50+
  51However, if you use the list to check if a certain string was added
  52already, you should not do that (using unsorted_string_list_has_string()),
  53because the complexity would be quadratic again (but with a worse factor).
  54
  55Functions
  56---------
  57
  58* General ones (works with sorted and unsorted lists as well)
  59
  60`print_string_list`::
  61
  62        Dump a string_list to stdout, useful mainly for debugging purposes. It
  63        can take an optional header argument and it writes out the
  64        string-pointer pairs of the string_list, each one in its own line.
  65
  66`string_list_clear`::
  67
  68        Free a string_list. The `string` pointer of the items will be freed in
  69        case the `strdup_strings` member of the string_list is set. The second
  70        parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the items should be freed
  71        or not.
  72
  73* Functions for sorted lists only
  74
  75`string_list_has_string`::
  76
  77        Determine if the string_list has a given string or not.
  78
  79`string_list_insert`::
  80
  81        Insert a new element to the string_list. The returned pointer can be
  82        handy if you want to write something to the `util` pointer of the
  83        string_list_item containing the just added string.
  84+
  85Since this function uses xrealloc() (which die()s if it fails) if the
  86list needs to grow, it is safe not to check the pointer. I.e. you may
  87write `string_list_insert(...)->util = ...;`.
  88
  89`string_list_lookup`::
  90
  91        Look up a given string in the string_list, returning the containing
  92        string_list_item. If the string is not found, NULL is returned.
  93
  94* Functions for unsorted lists only
  95
  96`string_list_append`::
  97
  98        Append a new string to the end of the string_list.
  99
 100`sort_string_list`::
 101
 102        Make an unsorted list sorted.
 103
 104`unsorted_string_list_has_string`::
 105
 106        It's like `string_list_has_string()` but for unsorted lists.
 107
 108`unsorted_string_list_lookup`::
 109
 110        It's like `string_list_lookup()` but for unsorted lists.
 111+
 112The above two functions need to look through all items, as opposed to their
 113counterpart for sorted lists, which performs a binary search.
 114
 115Data structures
 116---------------
 117
 118* `struct string_list_item`
 119
 120Represents an item of the list. The `string` member is a pointer to the
 121string, and you may use the `util` member for any purpose, if you want.
 122
 123* `struct string_list`
 124
 125Represents the list itself.
 126
 127. The array of items are available via the `items` member.
 128. The `nr` member contains the number of items stored in the list.
 129. The `alloc` member is used to avoid reallocating at every insertion.
 130  You should not tamper with it.
 131. Setting the `strdup_strings` member to 1 will strdup() the strings
 132  before adding them, see above.