Documentation / git-for-each-ref.txton commit Merge branch 'jk/date-local' (7b09c45)
   1git-for-each-ref(1)
   2===================
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-for-each-ref - Output information on each ref
   7
   8SYNOPSIS
   9--------
  10[verse]
  11'git for-each-ref' [--count=<count>] [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl]
  12                   [(--sort=<key>)...] [--format=<format>] [<pattern>...]
  13                   [--points-at <object>] [(--merged | --no-merged) [<object>]]
  14                   [--contains [<object>]]
  15
  16DESCRIPTION
  17-----------
  18
  19Iterate over all refs that match `<pattern>` and show them
  20according to the given `<format>`, after sorting them according
  21to the given set of `<key>`.  If `<count>` is given, stop after
  22showing that many refs.  The interpolated values in `<format>`
  23can optionally be quoted as string literals in the specified
  24host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.
  25
  26OPTIONS
  27-------
  28<count>::
  29        By default the command shows all refs that match
  30        `<pattern>`.  This option makes it stop after showing
  31        that many refs.
  32
  33<key>::
  34        A field name to sort on.  Prefix `-` to sort in
  35        descending order of the value.  When unspecified,
  36        `refname` is used.  You may use the --sort=<key> option
  37        multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
  38        key.
  39
  40<format>::
  41        A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from the
  42        object pointed at by a ref being shown.  If `fieldname`
  43        is prefixed with an asterisk (`*`) and the ref points
  44        at a tag object, the value for the field in the object
  45        tag refers is used.  When unspecified, defaults to
  46        `%(objectname) SPC %(objecttype) TAB %(refname)`.
  47        It also interpolates `%%` to `%`, and `%xx` where `xx`
  48        are hex digits interpolates to character with hex code
  49        `xx`; for example `%00` interpolates to `\0` (NUL),
  50        `%09` to `\t` (TAB) and `%0a` to `\n` (LF).
  51
  52<pattern>...::
  53        If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that
  54        match against at least one pattern, either using fnmatch(3) or
  55        literally, in the latter case matching completely or from the
  56        beginning up to a slash.
  57
  58--shell::
  59--perl::
  60--python::
  61--tcl::
  62        If given, strings that substitute `%(fieldname)`
  63        placeholders are quoted as string literals suitable for
  64        the specified host language.  This is meant to produce
  65        a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.
  66
  67--points-at <object>::
  68        Only list refs which points at the given object.
  69
  70--merged [<object>]::
  71        Only list refs whose tips are reachable from the
  72        specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
  73
  74--no-merged [<object>]::
  75        Only list refs whose tips are not reachable from the
  76        specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
  77
  78--contains [<object>]::
  79        Only list tags which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not
  80        specified).
  81
  82FIELD NAMES
  83-----------
  84
  85Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can
  86be used to interpolate into the resulting output, or as sort
  87keys.
  88
  89For all objects, the following names can be used:
  90
  91refname::
  92        The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/).
  93        For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append `:short`.
  94        The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
  95        abbreviation mode.
  96
  97objecttype::
  98        The type of the object (`blob`, `tree`, `commit`, `tag`).
  99
 100objectsize::
 101        The size of the object (the same as 'git cat-file -s' reports).
 102
 103objectname::
 104        The object name (aka SHA-1).
 105        For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of the object name append `:short`.
 106
 107upstream::
 108        The name of a local ref which can be considered ``upstream''
 109        from the displayed ref. Respects `:short` in the same way as
 110        `refname` above.  Additionally respects `:track` to show
 111        "[ahead N, behind M]" and `:trackshort` to show the terse
 112        version: ">" (ahead), "<" (behind), "<>" (ahead and behind),
 113        or "=" (in sync).  Has no effect if the ref does not have
 114        tracking information associated with it.
 115
 116push::
 117        The name of a local ref which represents the `@{push}` location
 118        for the displayed ref. Respects `:short`, `:track`, and
 119        `:trackshort` options as `upstream` does. Produces an empty
 120        string if no `@{push}` ref is configured.
 121
 122HEAD::
 123        '*' if HEAD matches current ref (the checked out branch), ' '
 124        otherwise.
 125
 126color::
 127        Change output color.  Followed by `:<colorname>`, where names
 128        are described in `color.branch.*`.
 129
 130In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
 131field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
 132be used to specify the value in the header field.
 133
 134Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (`author`,
 135`committer`, and `tagger`) can be suffixed with `name`, `email`,
 136and `date` to extract the named component.
 137
 138The complete message in a commit and tag object is `contents`.
 139Its first line is `contents:subject`, where subject is the concatenation
 140of all lines of the commit message up to the first blank line.  The next
 141line is 'contents:body', where body is all of the lines after the first
 142blank line.  Finally, the optional GPG signature is `contents:signature`.
 143
 144For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric
 145order (`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `taggerdate`).
 146All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.
 147
 148In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
 149the object referred by the ref does not cause an error.  It
 150returns an empty string instead.
 151
 152As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for
 153the date by adding `:` followed by date format name (see the
 154values the `--date` option to linkgit::git-rev-list[1] takes).
 155
 156
 157EXAMPLES
 158--------
 159
 160An example directly producing formatted text.  Show the most recent
 1613 tagged commits:
 162
 163------------
 164#!/bin/sh
 165
 166git for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
 167--format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
 168Subject: %(*subject)
 169Date: %(*authordate)
 170Ref: %(*refname)
 171
 172%(*body)
 173' 'refs/tags'
 174------------
 175
 176
 177A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output,
 178demonstrating the use of --shell.  List the prefixes of all heads:
 179------------
 180#!/bin/sh
 181
 182git for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
 183while read entry
 184do
 185        eval "$entry"
 186        echo `dirname $ref`
 187done
 188------------
 189
 190
 191A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format
 192may be an entire script:
 193------------
 194#!/bin/sh
 195
 196fmt='
 197        r=%(refname)
 198        t=%(*objecttype)
 199        T=${r#refs/tags/}
 200
 201        o=%(*objectname)
 202        n=%(*authorname)
 203        e=%(*authoremail)
 204        s=%(*subject)
 205        d=%(*authordate)
 206        b=%(*body)
 207
 208        kind=Tag
 209        if test "z$t" = z
 210        then
 211                # could be a lightweight tag
 212                t=%(objecttype)
 213                kind="Lightweight tag"
 214                o=%(objectname)
 215                n=%(authorname)
 216                e=%(authoremail)
 217                s=%(subject)
 218                d=%(authordate)
 219                b=%(body)
 220        fi
 221        echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
 222        if test "z$t" = zcommit
 223        then
 224                echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
 225at $d, and titled
 226
 227    $s
 228
 229Its message reads as:
 230"
 231                echo "$b" | sed -e "s/^/    /"
 232                echo
 233        fi
 234'
 235
 236eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
 237        --sort='*objecttype' \
 238        --sort=-taggerdate \
 239        refs/tags`
 240eval "$eval"
 241------------
 242
 243SEE ALSO
 244--------
 245linkgit:git-show-ref[1]
 246
 247GIT
 248---
 249Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite