Documentation / git-branch.txton commit Documentation: receive.denyCurrentBranch defaults to 'refuse' (7d182f5)
   1git-branch(1)
   2=============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-branch - List, create, or delete branches
   7
   8SYNOPSIS
   9--------
  10[verse]
  11'git branch' [--color | --no-color] [-r | -a]
  12        [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]
  13        [(--merged | --no-merged | --contains) [<commit>]]
  14'git branch' [--set-upstream | --track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
  15'git branch' (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
  16'git branch' (-d | -D) [-r] <branchname>...
  17
  18DESCRIPTION
  19-----------
  20
  21With no arguments, existing branches are listed and the current branch will
  22be highlighted with an asterisk.  Option `-r` causes the remote-tracking
  23branches to be listed, and option `-a` shows both.
  24
  25With `--contains`, shows only the branches that contain the named commit
  26(in other words, the branches whose tip commits are descendants of the
  27named commit).  With `--merged`, only branches merged into the named
  28commit (i.e. the branches whose tip commits are reachable from the named
  29commit) will be listed.  With `--no-merged` only branches not merged into
  30the named commit will be listed.  If the <commit> argument is missing it
  31defaults to 'HEAD' (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
  32
  33The command's second form creates a new branch head named <branchname>
  34which points to the current 'HEAD', or <start-point> if given.
  35
  36Note that this will create the new branch, but it will not switch the
  37working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the
  38new branch.
  39
  40When a local branch is started off a remote branch, git sets up the
  41branch so that 'git pull' will appropriately merge from
  42the remote branch. This behavior may be changed via the global
  43`branch.autosetupmerge` configuration flag. That setting can be
  44overridden by using the `--track` and `--no-track` options.
  45
  46With a '-m' or '-M' option, <oldbranch> will be renamed to <newbranch>.
  47If <oldbranch> had a corresponding reflog, it is renamed to match
  48<newbranch>, and a reflog entry is created to remember the branch
  49renaming. If <newbranch> exists, -M must be used to force the rename
  50to happen.
  51
  52With a `-d` or `-D` option, `<branchname>` will be deleted.  You may
  53specify more than one branch for deletion.  If the branch currently
  54has a reflog then the reflog will also be deleted.
  55
  56Use -r together with -d to delete remote-tracking branches. Note, that it
  57only makes sense to delete remote-tracking branches if they no longer exist
  58in the remote repository or if 'git fetch' was configured not to fetch
  59them again. See also the 'prune' subcommand of linkgit:git-remote[1] for a
  60way to clean up all obsolete remote-tracking branches.
  61
  62
  63OPTIONS
  64-------
  65-d::
  66        Delete a branch. The branch must be fully merged in HEAD.
  67
  68-D::
  69        Delete a branch irrespective of its merged status.
  70
  71-l::
  72        Create the branch's reflog.  This activates recording of
  73        all changes made to the branch ref, enabling use of date
  74        based sha1 expressions such as "<branchname>@\{yesterday}".
  75
  76-f::
  77--force::
  78        Reset <branchname> to <startpoint> if <branchname> exists
  79        already. Without `-f` 'git branch' refuses to change an existing branch.
  80
  81-m::
  82        Move/rename a branch and the corresponding reflog.
  83
  84-M::
  85        Move/rename a branch even if the new branch name already exists.
  86
  87--color::
  88        Color branches to highlight current, local, and remote branches.
  89
  90--no-color::
  91        Turn off branch colors, even when the configuration file gives the
  92        default to color output.
  93
  94-r::
  95        List or delete (if used with -d) the remote-tracking branches.
  96
  97-a::
  98        List both remote-tracking branches and local branches.
  99
 100-v::
 101--verbose::
 102        Show sha1 and commit subject line for each head, along with
 103        relationship to upstream branch (if any). If given twice, print
 104        the name of the upstream branch, as well.
 105
 106--abbrev=<length>::
 107        Alter the sha1's minimum display length in the output listing.
 108        The default value is 7.
 109
 110--no-abbrev::
 111        Display the full sha1s in the output listing rather than abbreviating them.
 112
 113-t::
 114--track::
 115        When creating a new branch, set up configuration to mark the
 116        start-point branch as "upstream" from the new branch. This
 117        configuration will tell git to show the relationship between the
 118        two branches in `git status` and `git branch -v`. Furthermore,
 119        it directs `git pull` without arguments to pull from the
 120        upstream when the new branch is checked out.
 121+
 122This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote branch.
 123Set the branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to `false` if you
 124want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if '--no-track'
 125were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
 126start-point is either a local or remote branch.
 127
 128--no-track::
 129        Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
 130        branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
 131
 132--set-upstream::
 133        If specified branch does not exist yet or if '--force' has been
 134        given, acts exactly like '--track'. Otherwise sets up configuration
 135        like '--track' would when creating the branch, except that where
 136        branch points to is not changed.
 137
 138--contains <commit>::
 139        Only list branches which contain the specified commit.
 140
 141--merged [<commit>]::
 142        Only list branches whose tips are reachable from the
 143        specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
 144
 145--no-merged [<commit>]::
 146        Only list branches whose tips are not reachable from the
 147        specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
 148
 149<branchname>::
 150        The name of the branch to create or delete.
 151        The new branch name must pass all checks defined by
 152        linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1].  Some of these checks
 153        may restrict the characters allowed in a branch name.
 154
 155<start-point>::
 156        The new branch head will point to this commit.  It may be
 157        given as a branch name, a commit-id, or a tag.  If this
 158        option is omitted, the current HEAD will be used instead.
 159
 160<oldbranch>::
 161        The name of an existing branch to rename.
 162
 163<newbranch>::
 164        The new name for an existing branch. The same restrictions as for
 165        <branchname> apply.
 166
 167
 168Examples
 169--------
 170
 171Start development from a known tag::
 172+
 173------------
 174$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6
 175$ cd my2.6
 176$ git branch my2.6.14 v2.6.14   <1>
 177$ git checkout my2.6.14
 178------------
 179+
 180<1> This step and the next one could be combined into a single step with
 181"checkout -b my2.6.14 v2.6.14".
 182
 183Delete an unneeded branch::
 184+
 185------------
 186$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/.../git.git my.git
 187$ cd my.git
 188$ git branch -d -r origin/todo origin/html origin/man   <1>
 189$ git branch -D test                                    <2>
 190------------
 191+
 192<1> Delete the remote-tracking branches "todo", "html" and "man". The next
 193'fetch' or 'pull' will create them again unless you configure them not to.
 194See linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 195<2> Delete the "test" branch even if the "master" branch (or whichever branch
 196is currently checked out) does not have all commits from the test branch.
 197
 198
 199Notes
 200-----
 201
 202If you are creating a branch that you want to checkout immediately, it is
 203easier to use the git checkout command with its `-b` option to create
 204a branch and check it out with a single command.
 205
 206The options `--contains`, `--merged` and `--no-merged` serve three related
 207but different purposes:
 208
 209- `--contains <commit>` is used to find all branches which will need
 210  special attention if <commit> were to be rebased or amended, since those
 211  branches contain the specified <commit>.
 212
 213- `--merged` is used to find all branches which can be safely deleted,
 214  since those branches are fully contained by HEAD.
 215
 216- `--no-merged` is used to find branches which are candidates for merging
 217  into HEAD, since those branches are not fully contained by HEAD.
 218
 219SEE ALSO
 220--------
 221linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1],
 222linkgit:git-fetch[1],
 223linkgit:git-remote[1],
 224link:user-manual.html#what-is-a-branch[``Understanding history: What is
 225a branch?''] in the Git User's Manual.
 226
 227Author
 228------
 229Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 230
 231Documentation
 232--------------
 233Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 234
 235GIT
 236---
 237Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite