1PRETTY FORMATS 2-------------- 3 4If the commit is a merge, and if the pretty-format 5is not 'oneline', 'email' or 'raw', an additional line is 6inserted before the 'Author:' line. This line begins with 7"Merge: " and the sha1s of ancestral commits are printed, 8separated by spaces. Note that the listed commits may not 9necessarily be the list of the *direct* parent commits if you 10have limited your view of history: for example, if you are 11only interested in changes related to a certain directory or 12file. 13 14There are several built-in formats, and you can define 15additional formats by setting a pretty.<name> 16config option to either another format name, or a 17'format:' string, as described below (see 18linkgit:git-config[1]). Here are the details of the 19built-in formats: 20 21* 'oneline' 22 23 <sha1> <title line> 24+ 25This is designed to be as compact as possible. 26 27* 'short' 28 29 commit <sha1> 30 Author: <author> 31 32 <title line> 33 34* 'medium' 35 36 commit <sha1> 37 Author: <author> 38 Date: <author date> 39 40 <title line> 41 42 <full commit message> 43 44* 'full' 45 46 commit <sha1> 47 Author: <author> 48 Commit: <committer> 49 50 <title line> 51 52 <full commit message> 53 54* 'fuller' 55 56 commit <sha1> 57 Author: <author> 58 AuthorDate: <author date> 59 Commit: <committer> 60 CommitDate: <committer date> 61 62 <title line> 63 64 <full commit message> 65 66* 'email' 67 68 From <sha1> <date> 69 From: <author> 70 Date: <author date> 71 Subject: [PATCH] <title line> 72 73 <full commit message> 74 75* 'raw' 76+ 77The 'raw' format shows the entire commit exactly as 78stored in the commit object. Notably, the SHA-1s are 79displayed in full, regardless of whether --abbrev or 80--no-abbrev are used, and 'parents' information show the 81true parent commits, without taking grafts or history 82simplification into account. Note that this format affects the way 83commits are displayed, but not the way the diff is shown e.g. with 84`git log --raw`. To get full object names in a raw diff format, 85use `--no-abbrev`. 86 87* 'format:<string>' 88+ 89The 'format:<string>' format allows you to specify which information 90you want to show. It works a little bit like printf format, 91with the notable exception that you get a newline with '%n' 92instead of '\n'. 93+ 94E.g, 'format:"The author of %h was %an, %ar%nThe title was >>%s<<%n"' 95would show something like this: 96+ 97------- 98The author of fe6e0ee was Junio C Hamano, 23 hours ago 99The title was >>t4119: test autocomputing -p<n> for traditional diff input.<< 100 101------- 102+ 103The placeholders are: 104 105- '%H': commit hash 106- '%h': abbreviated commit hash 107- '%T': tree hash 108- '%t': abbreviated tree hash 109- '%P': parent hashes 110- '%p': abbreviated parent hashes 111- '%an': author name 112- '%aN': author name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] 113 or linkgit:git-blame[1]) 114- '%ae': author email 115- '%aE': author email (respecting .mailmap, see 116 linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) 117- '%ad': author date (format respects --date= option) 118- '%aD': author date, RFC2822 style 119- '%ar': author date, relative 120- '%at': author date, UNIX timestamp 121- '%ai': author date, ISO 8601-like format 122- '%aI': author date, strict ISO 8601 format 123- '%cn': committer name 124- '%cN': committer name (respecting .mailmap, see 125 linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) 126- '%ce': committer email 127- '%cE': committer email (respecting .mailmap, see 128 linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) 129- '%cd': committer date (format respects --date= option) 130- '%cD': committer date, RFC2822 style 131- '%cr': committer date, relative 132- '%ct': committer date, UNIX timestamp 133- '%ci': committer date, ISO 8601-like format 134- '%cI': committer date, strict ISO 8601 format 135- '%d': ref names, like the --decorate option of linkgit:git-log[1] 136- '%D': ref names without the " (", ")" wrapping. 137- '%e': encoding 138- '%s': subject 139- '%f': sanitized subject line, suitable for a filename 140- '%b': body 141- '%B': raw body (unwrapped subject and body) 142ifndef::git-rev-list[] 143- '%N': commit notes 144endif::git-rev-list[] 145- '%GG': raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit 146- '%G?': show "G" for a good (valid) signature, 147 "B" for a bad signature, 148 "U" for a good signature with unknown validity, 149 "X" for a good signature that has expired, 150 "Y" for a good signature made by an expired key, 151 "R" for a good signature made by a revoked key, 152 "E" if the signature cannot be checked (e.g. missing key) 153 and "N" for no signature 154- '%GS': show the name of the signer for a signed commit 155- '%GK': show the key used to sign a signed commit 156- '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}` or 157 `refs/stash@{2 minutes ago`}; the format follows the rules described 158 for the `-g` option. The portion before the `@` is the refname as 159 given on the command line (so `git log -g refs/heads/master` would 160 yield `refs/heads/master@{0}`). 161- '%gd': shortened reflog selector; same as `%gD`, but the refname 162 portion is shortened for human readability (so `refs/heads/master` 163 becomes just `master`). 164- '%gn': reflog identity name 165- '%gN': reflog identity name (respecting .mailmap, see 166 linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) 167- '%ge': reflog identity email 168- '%gE': reflog identity email (respecting .mailmap, see 169 linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1]) 170- '%gs': reflog subject 171- '%Cred': switch color to red 172- '%Cgreen': switch color to green 173- '%Cblue': switch color to blue 174- '%Creset': reset color 175- '%C(...)': color specification, as described under Values in the 176 "CONFIGURATION FILE" section of linkgit:git-config[1]; 177 adding `auto,` at the beginning (e.g. `%C(auto,red)`) will emit 178 color only when colors are enabled for log output (by `color.diff`, 179 `color.ui`, or `--color`, and respecting the `auto` settings of the 180 former if we are going to a terminal). `auto` alone (i.e. 181 `%C(auto)`) will turn on auto coloring on the next placeholders 182 until the color is switched again. 183- '%m': left (`<`), right (`>`) or boundary (`-`) mark 184- '%n': newline 185- '%%': a raw '%' 186- '%x00': print a byte from a hex code 187- '%w([<w>[,<i1>[,<i2>]]])': switch line wrapping, like the -w option of 188 linkgit:git-shortlog[1]. 189- '%<(<N>[,trunc|ltrunc|mtrunc])': make the next placeholder take at 190 least N columns, padding spaces on the right if necessary. 191 Optionally truncate at the beginning (ltrunc), the middle (mtrunc) 192 or the end (trunc) if the output is longer than N columns. 193 Note that truncating only works correctly with N >= 2. 194- '%<|(<N>)': make the next placeholder take at least until Nth 195 columns, padding spaces on the right if necessary 196- '%>(<N>)', '%>|(<N>)': similar to '%<(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)' 197 respectively, but padding spaces on the left 198- '%>>(<N>)', '%>>|(<N>)': similar to '%>(<N>)', '%>|(<N>)' 199 respectively, except that if the next placeholder takes more spaces 200 than given and there are spaces on its left, use those spaces 201- '%><(<N>)', '%><|(<N>)': similar to '% <(<N>)', '%<|(<N>)' 202 respectively, but padding both sides (i.e. the text is centered) 203-%(trailers): display the trailers of the body as interpreted by 204 linkgit:git-interpret-trailers[1] 205 206NOTE: Some placeholders may depend on other options given to the 207revision traversal engine. For example, the `%g*` reflog options will 208insert an empty string unless we are traversing reflog entries (e.g., by 209`git log -g`). The `%d` and `%D` placeholders will use the "short" 210decoration format if `--decorate` was not already provided on the command 211line. 212 213If you add a `+` (plus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, a line-feed 214is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the 215placeholder expands to a non-empty string. 216 217If you add a `-` (minus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, line-feeds that 218immediately precede the expansion are deleted if and only if the 219placeholder expands to an empty string. 220 221If you add a ` ` (space) after '%' of a placeholder, a space 222is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the 223placeholder expands to a non-empty string. 224 225* 'tformat:' 226+ 227The 'tformat:' format works exactly like 'format:', except that it 228provides "terminator" semantics instead of "separator" semantics. In 229other words, each commit has the message terminator character (usually a 230newline) appended, rather than a separator placed between entries. 231This means that the final entry of a single-line format will be properly 232terminated with a new line, just as the "oneline" format does. 233For example: 234+ 235--------------------- 236$ git log -2 --pretty=format:%h 4da45bef \ 237 | perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/' 2384da45be 2397134973 -- NO NEWLINE 240 241$ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef \ 242 | perl -pe '$_ .= " -- NO NEWLINE\n" unless /\n/' 2434da45be 2447134973 245--------------------- 246+ 247In addition, any unrecognized string that has a `%` in it is interpreted 248as if it has `tformat:` in front of it. For example, these two are 249equivalent: 250+ 251--------------------- 252$ git log -2 --pretty=tformat:%h 4da45bef 253$ git log -2 --pretty=%h 4da45bef 254---------------------