Documentation / git-diff.txton commit use -h for synopsis and --help for manpage consistently (87182b1)
   1git-diff(1)
   2===========
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-diff - Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git diff' [options] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
  13'git diff' [options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
  14'git diff' [options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]
  15'git diff' [options] [--no-index] [--] <path> <path>
  16
  17DESCRIPTION
  18-----------
  19Show changes between the working tree and the index or a tree, changes
  20between the index and a tree, changes between two trees, or changes
  21between two files on disk.
  22
  23'git diff' [--options] [--] [<path>...]::
  24
  25        This form is to view the changes you made relative to
  26        the index (staging area for the next commit).  In other
  27        words, the differences are what you _could_ tell git to
  28        further add to the index but you still haven't.  You can
  29        stage these changes by using linkgit:git-add[1].
  30+
  31If exactly two paths are given and at least one points outside
  32the current repository, 'git diff' will compare the two files /
  33directories. This behavior can be forced by --no-index.
  34
  35'git diff' [--options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]::
  36
  37        This form is to view the changes you staged for the next
  38        commit relative to the named <commit>.  Typically you
  39        would want comparison with the latest commit, so if you
  40        do not give <commit>, it defaults to HEAD.
  41        If HEAD does not exist (e.g. unborned branches) and
  42        <commit> is not given, it shows all staged changes.
  43        --staged is a synonym of --cached.
  44
  45'git diff' [--options] <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  46
  47        This form is to view the changes you have in your
  48        working tree relative to the named <commit>.  You can
  49        use HEAD to compare it with the latest commit, or a
  50        branch name to compare with the tip of a different
  51        branch.
  52
  53'git diff' [--options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  54
  55        This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
  56        <commit>.
  57
  58'git diff' [--options] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  59
  60        This is synonymous to the previous form.  If <commit> on
  61        one side is omitted, it will have the same effect as
  62        using HEAD instead.
  63
  64'git diff' [--options] <commit>\...<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
  65
  66        This form is to view the changes on the branch containing
  67        and up to the second <commit>, starting at a common ancestor
  68        of both <commit>.  "git diff A\...B" is equivalent to
  69        "git diff $(git-merge-base A B) B".  You can omit any one
  70        of <commit>, which has the same effect as using HEAD instead.
  71
  72Just in case if you are doing something exotic, it should be
  73noted that all of the <commit> in the above description, except
  74in the last two forms that use ".." notations, can be any
  75<tree>.  The third form ('git diff <commit> <commit>') can also
  76be used to compare two <blob> objects.
  77
  78For a more complete list of ways to spell <commit>, see
  79"SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
  80However, "diff" is about comparing two _endpoints_, not ranges,
  81and the range notations ("<commit>..<commit>" and
  82"<commit>\...<commit>") do not mean a range as defined in the
  83"SPECIFYING RANGES" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
  84
  85OPTIONS
  86-------
  87:git-diff: 1
  88include::diff-options.txt[]
  89
  90<path>...::
  91        The <paths> parameters, when given, are used to limit
  92        the diff to the named paths (you can give directory
  93        names and get diff for all files under them).
  94
  95
  96include::diff-format.txt[]
  97
  98EXAMPLES
  99--------
 100
 101Various ways to check your working tree::
 102+
 103------------
 104$ git diff            <1>
 105$ git diff --cached   <2>
 106$ git diff HEAD       <3>
 107------------
 108+
 109<1> Changes in the working tree not yet staged for the next commit.
 110<2> Changes between the index and your last commit; what you
 111would be committing if you run "git commit" without "-a" option.
 112<3> Changes in the working tree since your last commit; what you
 113would be committing if you run "git commit -a"
 114
 115Comparing with arbitrary commits::
 116+
 117------------
 118$ git diff test            <1>
 119$ git diff HEAD -- ./test  <2>
 120$ git diff HEAD^ HEAD      <3>
 121------------
 122+
 123<1> Instead of using the tip of the current branch, compare with the
 124tip of "test" branch.
 125<2> Instead of comparing with the tip of "test" branch, compare with
 126the tip of the current branch, but limit the comparison to the
 127file "test".
 128<3> Compare the version before the last commit and the last commit.
 129
 130Comparing branches::
 131+
 132------------
 133$ git diff topic master    <1>
 134$ git diff topic..master   <2>
 135$ git diff topic...master  <3>
 136------------
 137+
 138<1> Changes between the tips of the topic and the master branches.
 139<2> Same as above.
 140<3> Changes that occurred on the master branch since when the topic
 141branch was started off it.
 142
 143Limiting the diff output::
 144+
 145------------
 146$ git diff --diff-filter=MRC            <1>
 147$ git diff --name-status                <2>
 148$ git diff arch/i386 include/asm-i386   <3>
 149------------
 150+
 151<1> Show only modification, rename and copy, but not addition
 152nor deletion.
 153<2> Show only names and the nature of change, but not actual
 154diff output.
 155<3> Limit diff output to named subtrees.
 156
 157Munging the diff output::
 158+
 159------------
 160$ git diff --find-copies-harder -B -C  <1>
 161$ git diff -R                          <2>
 162------------
 163+
 164<1> Spend extra cycles to find renames, copies and complete
 165rewrites (very expensive).
 166<2> Output diff in reverse.
 167
 168SEE ALSO
 169--------
 170diff(1),
 171linkgit:git-difftool[1],
 172linkgit:git-log[1],
 173linkgit:gitdiffcore[7],
 174linkgit:git-format-patch[1],
 175linkgit:git-apply[1]
 176
 177GIT
 178---
 179Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite