#!/usr/bin/perl -w

use strict;

# command line options
my $patch_mode;

sub run_cmd_pipe {
        if ($^O eq 'MSWin32') {
                my @invalid = grep {m/[":*]/} @_;
                die "$^O does not support: @invalid\n" if @invalid;
                my @args = map { m/ /o ? "\"$_\"": $_ } @_;
                return qx{@args};
        } else {
                my $fh = undef;
                open($fh, '-|', @_) or die;
                return <$fh>;
        }
}

my ($GIT_DIR) = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git rev-parse --git-dir));

if (!defined $GIT_DIR) {
        exit(1); # rev-parse would have already said "not a git repo"
}
chomp($GIT_DIR);

sub refresh {
        my $fh;
        open $fh, 'git update-index --refresh |'
            or die;
        while (<$fh>) {
                ;# ignore 'needs update'
        }
        close $fh;
}

sub list_untracked {
        map {
                chomp $_;
                $_;
        }
        run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard --), @ARGV);
}

my $status_fmt = '%12s %12s %s';
my $status_head = sprintf($status_fmt, 'staged', 'unstaged', 'path');

# Returns list of hashes, contents of each of which are:
# PRINT:        print message
# VALUE:        pathname
# BINARY:       is a binary path
# INDEX:        is index different from HEAD?
# FILE:         is file different from index?
# INDEX_ADDDEL: is it add/delete between HEAD and index?
# FILE_ADDDEL:  is it add/delete between index and file?

sub list_modified {
        my ($only) = @_;
        my (%data, @return);
        my ($add, $del, $adddel, $file);
        my @tracked = ();

        if (@ARGV) {
                @tracked = map {
                        chomp $_; $_;
                } run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-files --exclude-standard --), @ARGV);
                return if (!@tracked);
        }

        for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-index --cached
                             --numstat --summary HEAD --), @tracked)) {
                if (($add, $del, $file) =
                    /^([-\d]+)  ([-\d]+)        (.*)/) {
                        my ($change, $bin);
                        if ($add eq '-' && $del eq '-') {
                                $change = 'binary';
                                $bin = 1;
                        }
                        else {
                                $change = "+$add/-$del";
                        }
                        $data{$file} = {
                                INDEX => $change,
                                BINARY => $bin,
                                FILE => 'nothing',
                        }
                }
                elsif (($adddel, $file) =
                       /^ (create|delete) mode [0-7]+ (.*)$/) {
                        $data{$file}{INDEX_ADDDEL} = $adddel;
                }
        }

        for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files --numstat --summary --), @tracked)) {
                if (($add, $del, $file) =
                    /^([-\d]+)  ([-\d]+)        (.*)/) {
                        if (!exists $data{$file}) {
                                $data{$file} = +{
                                        INDEX => 'unchanged',
                                        BINARY => 0,
                                };
                        }
                        my ($change, $bin);
                        if ($add eq '-' && $del eq '-') {
                                $change = 'binary';
                                $bin = 1;
                        }
                        else {
                                $change = "+$add/-$del";
                        }
                        $data{$file}{FILE} = $change;
                        if ($bin) {
                                $data{$file}{BINARY} = 1;
                        }
                }
                elsif (($adddel, $file) =
                       /^ (create|delete) mode [0-7]+ (.*)$/) {
                        $data{$file}{FILE_ADDDEL} = $adddel;
                }
        }

        for (sort keys %data) {
                my $it = $data{$_};

                if ($only) {
                        if ($only eq 'index-only') {
                                next if ($it->{INDEX} eq 'unchanged');
                        }
                        if ($only eq 'file-only') {
                                next if ($it->{FILE} eq 'nothing');
                        }
                }
                push @return, +{
                        VALUE => $_,
                        PRINT => (sprintf $status_fmt,
                                  $it->{INDEX}, $it->{FILE}, $_),
                        %$it,
                };
        }
        return @return;
}

sub find_unique {
        my ($string, @stuff) = @_;
        my $found = undef;
        for (my $i = 0; $i < @stuff; $i++) {
                my $it = $stuff[$i];
                my $hit = undef;
                if (ref $it) {
                        if ((ref $it) eq 'ARRAY') {
                                $it = $it->[0];
                        }
                        else {
                                $it = $it->{VALUE};
                        }
                }
                eval {
                        if ($it =~ /^$string/) {
                                $hit = 1;
                        };
                };
                if (defined $hit && defined $found) {
                        return undef;
                }
                if ($hit) {
                        $found = $i + 1;
                }
        }
        return $found;
}

sub list_and_choose {
        my ($opts, @stuff) = @_;
        my (@chosen, @return);
        my $i;

      TOPLOOP:
        while (1) {
                my $last_lf = 0;

                if ($opts->{HEADER}) {
                        if (!$opts->{LIST_FLAT}) {
                                print "     ";
                        }
                        print "$opts->{HEADER}\n";
                }
                for ($i = 0; $i < @stuff; $i++) {
                        my $chosen = $chosen[$i] ? '*' : ' ';
                        my $print = $stuff[$i];
                        if (ref $print) {
                                if ((ref $print) eq 'ARRAY') {
                                        $print = $print->[0];
                                }
                                else {
                                        $print = $print->{PRINT};
                                }
                        }
                        printf("%s%2d: %s", $chosen, $i+1, $print);
                        if (($opts->{LIST_FLAT}) &&
                            (($i + 1) % ($opts->{LIST_FLAT}))) {
                                print "\t";
                                $last_lf = 0;
                        }
                        else {
                                print "\n";
                                $last_lf = 1;
                        }
                }
                if (!$last_lf) {
                        print "\n";
                }

                return if ($opts->{LIST_ONLY});

                print $opts->{PROMPT};
                if ($opts->{SINGLETON}) {
                        print "> ";
                }
                else {
                        print ">> ";
                }
                my $line = <STDIN>;
                if (!$line) {
                        print "\n";
                        $opts->{ON_EOF}->() if $opts->{ON_EOF};
                        last;
                }
                chomp $line;
                last if $line eq '';
                for my $choice (split(/[\s,]+/, $line)) {
                        my $choose = 1;
                        my ($bottom, $top);

                        # Input that begins with '-'; unchoose
                        if ($choice =~ s/^-//) {
                                $choose = 0;
                        }
                        # A range can be specified like 5-7
                        if ($choice =~ /^(\d+)-(\d+)$/) {
                                ($bottom, $top) = ($1, $2);
                        }
                        elsif ($choice =~ /^\d+$/) {
                                $bottom = $top = $choice;
                        }
                        elsif ($choice eq '*') {
                                $bottom = 1;
                                $top = 1 + @stuff;
                        }
                        else {
                                $bottom = $top = find_unique($choice, @stuff);
                                if (!defined $bottom) {
                                        print "Huh ($choice)?\n";
                                        next TOPLOOP;
                                }
                        }
                        if ($opts->{SINGLETON} && $bottom != $top) {
                                print "Huh ($choice)?\n";
                                next TOPLOOP;
                        }
                        for ($i = $bottom-1; $i <= $top-1; $i++) {
                                next if (@stuff <= $i || $i < 0);
                                $chosen[$i] = $choose;
                        }
                }
                last if ($opts->{IMMEDIATE} || $line eq '*');
        }
        for ($i = 0; $i < @stuff; $i++) {
                if ($chosen[$i]) {
                        push @return, $stuff[$i];
                }
        }
        return @return;
}

sub status_cmd {
        list_and_choose({ LIST_ONLY => 1, HEADER => $status_head },
                        list_modified());
        print "\n";
}

sub say_n_paths {
        my $did = shift @_;
        my $cnt = scalar @_;
        print "$did ";
        if (1 < $cnt) {
                print "$cnt paths\n";
        }
        else {
                print "one path\n";
        }
}

sub update_cmd {
        my @mods = list_modified('file-only');
        return if (!@mods);

        my @update = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Update',
                                       HEADER => $status_head, },
                                     @mods);
        if (@update) {
                system(qw(git update-index --add --remove --),
                       map { $_->{VALUE} } @update);
                say_n_paths('updated', @update);
        }
        print "\n";
}

sub revert_cmd {
        my @update = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Revert',
                                       HEADER => $status_head, },
                                     list_modified());
        if (@update) {
                my @lines = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git ls-tree HEAD --),
                                         map { $_->{VALUE} } @update);
                my $fh;
                open $fh, '| git update-index --index-info'
                    or die;
                for (@lines) {
                        print $fh $_;
                }
                close($fh);
                for (@update) {
                        if ($_->{INDEX_ADDDEL} &&
                            $_->{INDEX_ADDDEL} eq 'create') {
                                system(qw(git update-index --force-remove --),
                                       $_->{VALUE});
                                print "note: $_->{VALUE} is untracked now.\n";
                        }
                }
                refresh();
                say_n_paths('reverted', @update);
        }
        print "\n";
}

sub add_untracked_cmd {
        my @add = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Add untracked' },
                                  list_untracked());
        if (@add) {
                system(qw(git update-index --add --), @add);
                say_n_paths('added', @add);
        }
        print "\n";
}

sub parse_diff {
        my ($path) = @_;
        my @diff = run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files -p --), $path);
        my (@hunk) = { TEXT => [] };

        for (@diff) {
                if (/^@@ /) {
                        push @hunk, { TEXT => [] };
                }
                push @{$hunk[-1]{TEXT}}, $_;
        }
        return @hunk;
}

sub hunk_splittable {
        my ($text) = @_;

        my @s = split_hunk($text);
        return (1 < @s);
}

sub parse_hunk_header {
        my ($line) = @_;
        my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt) =
            $line =~ /^@@ -(\d+)(?:,(\d+))? \+(\d+)(?:,(\d+))? @@/;
        $o_cnt = 1 unless defined $o_cnt;
        $n_cnt = 1 unless defined $n_cnt;
        return ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt);
}

sub split_hunk {
        my ($text) = @_;
        my @split = ();

        # If there are context lines in the middle of a hunk,
        # it can be split, but we would need to take care of
        # overlaps later.

        my ($o_ofs, undef, $n_ofs) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
        my $hunk_start = 1;

      OUTER:
        while (1) {
                my $next_hunk_start = undef;
                my $i = $hunk_start - 1;
                my $this = +{
                        TEXT => [],
                        OLD => $o_ofs,
                        NEW => $n_ofs,
                        OCNT => 0,
                        NCNT => 0,
                        ADDDEL => 0,
                        POSTCTX => 0,
                };

                while (++$i < @$text) {
                        my $line = $text->[$i];
                        if ($line =~ /^ /) {
                                if ($this->{ADDDEL} &&
                                    !defined $next_hunk_start) {
                                        # We have seen leading context and
                                        # adds/dels and then here is another
                                        # context, which is trailing for this
                                        # split hunk and leading for the next
                                        # one.
                                        $next_hunk_start = $i;
                                }
                                push @{$this->{TEXT}}, $line;
                                $this->{OCNT}++;
                                $this->{NCNT}++;
                                if (defined $next_hunk_start) {
                                        $this->{POSTCTX}++;
                                }
                                next;
                        }

                        # add/del
                        if (defined $next_hunk_start) {
                                # We are done with the current hunk and
                                # this is the first real change for the
                                # next split one.
                                $hunk_start = $next_hunk_start;
                                $o_ofs = $this->{OLD} + $this->{OCNT};
                                $n_ofs = $this->{NEW} + $this->{NCNT};
                                $o_ofs -= $this->{POSTCTX};
                                $n_ofs -= $this->{POSTCTX};
                                push @split, $this;
                                redo OUTER;
                        }
                        push @{$this->{TEXT}}, $line;
                        $this->{ADDDEL}++;
                        if ($line =~ /^-/) {
                                $this->{OCNT}++;
                        }
                        else {
                                $this->{NCNT}++;
                        }
                }

                push @split, $this;
                last;
        }

        for my $hunk (@split) {
                $o_ofs = $hunk->{OLD};
                $n_ofs = $hunk->{NEW};
                my $o_cnt = $hunk->{OCNT};
                my $n_cnt = $hunk->{NCNT};

                my $head = ("@@ -$o_ofs" .
                            (($o_cnt != 1) ? ",$o_cnt" : '') .
                            " +$n_ofs" .
                            (($n_cnt != 1) ? ",$n_cnt" : '') .
                            " @@\n");
                unshift @{$hunk->{TEXT}}, $head;
        }
        return map { $_->{TEXT} } @split;
}

sub find_last_o_ctx {
        my ($it) = @_;
        my $text = $it->{TEXT};
        my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
        my $i = @{$text};
        my $last_o_ctx = $o_ofs + $o_cnt;
        while (0 < --$i) {
                my $line = $text->[$i];
                if ($line =~ /^ /) {
                        $last_o_ctx--;
                        next;
                }
                last;
        }
        return $last_o_ctx;
}

sub merge_hunk {
        my ($prev, $this) = @_;
        my ($o0_ofs, $o0_cnt, $n0_ofs, $n0_cnt) =
            parse_hunk_header($prev->{TEXT}[0]);
        my ($o1_ofs, $o1_cnt, $n1_ofs, $n1_cnt) =
            parse_hunk_header($this->{TEXT}[0]);

        my (@line, $i, $ofs, $o_cnt, $n_cnt);
        $ofs = $o0_ofs;
        $o_cnt = $n_cnt = 0;
        for ($i = 1; $i < @{$prev->{TEXT}}; $i++) {
                my $line = $prev->{TEXT}[$i];
                if ($line =~ /^\+/) {
                        $n_cnt++;
                        push @line, $line;
                        next;
                }

                last if ($o1_ofs <= $ofs);

                $o_cnt++;
                $ofs++;
                if ($line =~ /^ /) {
                        $n_cnt++;
                }
                push @line, $line;
        }

        for ($i = 1; $i < @{$this->{TEXT}}; $i++) {
                my $line = $this->{TEXT}[$i];
                if ($line =~ /^\+/) {
                        $n_cnt++;
                        push @line, $line;
                        next;
                }
                $ofs++;
                $o_cnt++;
                if ($line =~ /^ /) {
                        $n_cnt++;
                }
                push @line, $line;
        }
        my $head = ("@@ -$o0_ofs" .
                    (($o_cnt != 1) ? ",$o_cnt" : '') .
                    " +$n0_ofs" .
                    (($n_cnt != 1) ? ",$n_cnt" : '') .
                    " @@\n");
        @{$prev->{TEXT}} = ($head, @line);
}

sub coalesce_overlapping_hunks {
        my (@in) = @_;
        my @out = ();

        my ($last_o_ctx);

        for (grep { $_->{USE} } @in) {
                my $text = $_->{TEXT};
                my ($o_ofs) = parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);
                if (defined $last_o_ctx &&
                    $o_ofs <= $last_o_ctx) {
                        merge_hunk($out[-1], $_);
                }
                else {
                        push @out, $_;
                }
                $last_o_ctx = find_last_o_ctx($out[-1]);
        }
        return @out;
}

sub help_patch_cmd {
        print <<\EOF ;
y - stage this hunk
n - do not stage this hunk
a - stage this and all the remaining hunks in the file
d - do not stage this hunk nor any of the remaining hunks in the file
j - leave this hunk undecided, see next undecided hunk
J - leave this hunk undecided, see next hunk
k - leave this hunk undecided, see previous undecided hunk
K - leave this hunk undecided, see previous hunk
s - split the current hunk into smaller hunks
? - print help
EOF
}

sub patch_update_cmd {
        my @mods = grep { !($_->{BINARY}) } list_modified('file-only');
        my @them;

        if (!@mods) {
                print STDERR "No changes.\n";
                return 0;
        }
        if ($patch_mode) {
                @them = @mods;
        }
        else {
                @them = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Patch update',
                                          HEADER => $status_head, },
                                        @mods);
        }
        for (@them) {
                patch_update_file($_->{VALUE});
        }
}

sub patch_update_file {
        my ($ix, $num);
        my $path = shift;
        my ($head, @hunk) = parse_diff($path);
        for (@{$head->{TEXT}}) {
                print;
        }
        $num = scalar @hunk;
        $ix = 0;

        while (1) {
                my ($prev, $next, $other, $undecided, $i);
                $other = '';

                if ($num <= $ix) {
                        $ix = 0;
                }
                for ($i = 0; $i < $ix; $i++) {
                        if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
                                $prev = 1;
                                $other .= '/k';
                                last;
                        }
                }
                if ($ix) {
                        $other .= '/K';
                }
                for ($i = $ix + 1; $i < $num; $i++) {
                        if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
                                $next = 1;
                                $other .= '/j';
                                last;
                        }
                }
                if ($ix < $num - 1) {
                        $other .= '/J';
                }
                for ($i = 0; $i < $num; $i++) {
                        if (!defined $hunk[$i]{USE}) {
                                $undecided = 1;
                                last;
                        }
                }
                last if (!$undecided);

                if (hunk_splittable($hunk[$ix]{TEXT})) {
                        $other .= '/s';
                }
                for (@{$hunk[$ix]{TEXT}}) {
                        print;
                }
                print "Stage this hunk [y/n/a/d$other/?]? ";
                my $line = <STDIN>;
                if ($line) {
                        if ($line =~ /^y/i) {
                                $hunk[$ix]{USE} = 1;
                        }
                        elsif ($line =~ /^n/i) {
                                $hunk[$ix]{USE} = 0;
                        }
                        elsif ($line =~ /^a/i) {
                                while ($ix < $num) {
                                        if (!defined $hunk[$ix]{USE}) {
                                                $hunk[$ix]{USE} = 1;
                                        }
                                        $ix++;
                                }
                                next;
                        }
                        elsif ($line =~ /^d/i) {
                                while ($ix < $num) {
                                        if (!defined $hunk[$ix]{USE}) {
                                                $hunk[$ix]{USE} = 0;
                                        }
                                        $ix++;
                                }
                                next;
                        }
                        elsif ($other =~ /K/ && $line =~ /^K/) {
                                $ix--;
                                next;
                        }
                        elsif ($other =~ /J/ && $line =~ /^J/) {
                                $ix++;
                                next;
                        }
                        elsif ($other =~ /k/ && $line =~ /^k/) {
                                while (1) {
                                        $ix--;
                                        last if (!$ix ||
                                                 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
                                }
                                next;
                        }
                        elsif ($other =~ /j/ && $line =~ /^j/) {
                                while (1) {
                                        $ix++;
                                        last if ($ix >= $num ||
                                                 !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
                                }
                                next;
                        }
                        elsif ($other =~ /s/ && $line =~ /^s/) {
                                my @split = split_hunk($hunk[$ix]{TEXT});
                                if (1 < @split) {
                                        print "Split into ",
                                        scalar(@split), " hunks.\n";
                                }
                                splice(@hunk, $ix, 1,
                                       map { +{ TEXT => $_, USE => undef } }
                                       @split);
                                $num = scalar @hunk;
                                next;
                        }
                        else {
                                help_patch_cmd($other);
                                next;
                        }
                        # soft increment
                        while (1) {
                                $ix++;
                                last if ($ix >= $num ||
                                         !defined $hunk[$ix]{USE});
                        }
                }
        }

        @hunk = coalesce_overlapping_hunks(@hunk);

        my $n_lofs = 0;
        my @result = ();
        for (@hunk) {
                my $text = $_->{TEXT};
                my ($o_ofs, $o_cnt, $n_ofs, $n_cnt) =
                    parse_hunk_header($text->[0]);

                if (!$_->{USE}) {
                        # We would have added ($n_cnt - $o_cnt) lines
                        # to the postimage if we were to use this hunk,
                        # but we didn't.  So the line number that the next
                        # hunk starts at would be shifted by that much.
                        $n_lofs -= ($n_cnt - $o_cnt);
                        next;
                }
                else {
                        if ($n_lofs) {
                                $n_ofs += $n_lofs;
                                $text->[0] = ("@@ -$o_ofs" .
                                              (($o_cnt != 1)
                                               ? ",$o_cnt" : '') .
                                              " +$n_ofs" .
                                              (($n_cnt != 1)
                                               ? ",$n_cnt" : '') .
                                              " @@\n");
                        }
                        for (@$text) {
                                push @result, $_;
                        }
                }
        }

        if (@result) {
                my $fh;

                open $fh, '| git apply --cached';
                for (@{$head->{TEXT}}, @result) {
                        print $fh $_;
                }
                if (!close $fh) {
                        for (@{$head->{TEXT}}, @result) {
                                print STDERR $_;
                        }
                }
                refresh();
        }

        print "\n";
}

sub diff_cmd {
        my @mods = list_modified('index-only');
        @mods = grep { !($_->{BINARY}) } @mods;
        return if (!@mods);
        my (@them) = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'Review diff',
                                     IMMEDIATE => 1,
                                     HEADER => $status_head, },
                                   @mods);
        return if (!@them);
        system(qw(git diff-index -p --cached HEAD --),
               map { $_->{VALUE} } @them);
}

sub quit_cmd {
        print "Bye.\n";
        exit(0);
}

sub help_cmd {
        print <<\EOF ;
status        - show paths with changes
update        - add working tree state to the staged set of changes
revert        - revert staged set of changes back to the HEAD version
patch         - pick hunks and update selectively
diff          - view diff between HEAD and index
add untracked - add contents of untracked files to the staged set of changes
EOF
}

sub process_args {
        return unless @ARGV;
        my $arg = shift @ARGV;
        if ($arg eq "--patch") {
                $patch_mode = 1;
                $arg = shift @ARGV or die "missing --";
                die "invalid argument $arg, expecting --"
                    unless $arg eq "--";
        }
        elsif ($arg ne "--") {
                die "invalid argument $arg, expecting --";
        }
}

sub main_loop {
        my @cmd = ([ 'status', \&status_cmd, ],
                   [ 'update', \&update_cmd, ],
                   [ 'revert', \&revert_cmd, ],
                   [ 'add untracked', \&add_untracked_cmd, ],
                   [ 'patch', \&patch_update_cmd, ],
                   [ 'diff', \&diff_cmd, ],
                   [ 'quit', \&quit_cmd, ],
                   [ 'help', \&help_cmd, ],
        );
        while (1) {
                my ($it) = list_and_choose({ PROMPT => 'What now',
                                             SINGLETON => 1,
                                             LIST_FLAT => 4,
                                             HEADER => '*** Commands ***',
                                             ON_EOF => \&quit_cmd,
                                             IMMEDIATE => 1 }, @cmd);
                if ($it) {
                        eval {
                                $it->[1]->();
                        };
                        if ($@) {
                                print "$@";
                        }
                }
        }
}

process_args();
refresh();
if ($patch_mode) {
        patch_update_cmd();
}
else {
        status_cmd();
        main_loop();
}