Documentation / git-for-each-ref.txton commit Merge branch 'dk/reflog-walk-with-non-commit' into maint (90b9986)
   1git-for-each-ref(1)
   2===================
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-for-each-ref - Output information on each ref
   7
   8SYNOPSIS
   9--------
  10[verse]
  11'git for-each-ref' [--count=<count>] [--shell|--perl|--python|--tcl]
  12                   [(--sort=<key>)...] [--format=<format>] [<pattern>...]
  13                   [--points-at <object>] [(--merged | --no-merged) [<object>]]
  14                   [--contains [<object>]]
  15
  16DESCRIPTION
  17-----------
  18
  19Iterate over all refs that match `<pattern>` and show them
  20according to the given `<format>`, after sorting them according
  21to the given set of `<key>`.  If `<count>` is given, stop after
  22showing that many refs.  The interpolated values in `<format>`
  23can optionally be quoted as string literals in the specified
  24host language allowing their direct evaluation in that language.
  25
  26OPTIONS
  27-------
  28<count>::
  29        By default the command shows all refs that match
  30        `<pattern>`.  This option makes it stop after showing
  31        that many refs.
  32
  33<key>::
  34        A field name to sort on.  Prefix `-` to sort in
  35        descending order of the value.  When unspecified,
  36        `refname` is used.  You may use the --sort=<key> option
  37        multiple times, in which case the last key becomes the primary
  38        key.
  39
  40<format>::
  41        A string that interpolates `%(fieldname)` from the
  42        object pointed at by a ref being shown.  If `fieldname`
  43        is prefixed with an asterisk (`*`) and the ref points
  44        at a tag object, the value for the field in the object
  45        tag refers is used.  When unspecified, defaults to
  46        `%(objectname) SPC %(objecttype) TAB %(refname)`.
  47        It also interpolates `%%` to `%`, and `%xx` where `xx`
  48        are hex digits interpolates to character with hex code
  49        `xx`; for example `%00` interpolates to `\0` (NUL),
  50        `%09` to `\t` (TAB) and `%0a` to `\n` (LF).
  51
  52<pattern>...::
  53        If one or more patterns are given, only refs are shown that
  54        match against at least one pattern, either using fnmatch(3) or
  55        literally, in the latter case matching completely or from the
  56        beginning up to a slash.
  57
  58--shell::
  59--perl::
  60--python::
  61--tcl::
  62        If given, strings that substitute `%(fieldname)`
  63        placeholders are quoted as string literals suitable for
  64        the specified host language.  This is meant to produce
  65        a scriptlet that can directly be `eval`ed.
  66
  67--points-at <object>::
  68        Only list refs which points at the given object.
  69
  70--merged [<object>]::
  71        Only list refs whose tips are reachable from the
  72        specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
  73
  74--no-merged [<object>]::
  75        Only list refs whose tips are not reachable from the
  76        specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
  77
  78--contains [<object>]::
  79        Only list tags which contain the specified commit (HEAD if not
  80        specified).
  81
  82FIELD NAMES
  83-----------
  84
  85Various values from structured fields in referenced objects can
  86be used to interpolate into the resulting output, or as sort
  87keys.
  88
  89For all objects, the following names can be used:
  90
  91refname::
  92        The name of the ref (the part after $GIT_DIR/).
  93        For a non-ambiguous short name of the ref append `:short`.
  94        The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
  95        abbreviation mode.
  96
  97objecttype::
  98        The type of the object (`blob`, `tree`, `commit`, `tag`).
  99
 100objectsize::
 101        The size of the object (the same as 'git cat-file -s' reports).
 102
 103objectname::
 104        The object name (aka SHA-1).
 105        For a non-ambiguous abbreviation of the object name append `:short`.
 106
 107upstream::
 108        The name of a local ref which can be considered ``upstream''
 109        from the displayed ref. Respects `:short` in the same way as
 110        `refname` above.  Additionally respects `:track` to show
 111        "[ahead N, behind M]" and `:trackshort` to show the terse
 112        version: ">" (ahead), "<" (behind), "<>" (ahead and behind),
 113        or "=" (in sync).  Has no effect if the ref does not have
 114        tracking information associated with it.
 115
 116push::
 117        The name of a local ref which represents the `@{push}` location
 118        for the displayed ref. Respects `:short`, `:track`, and
 119        `:trackshort` options as `upstream` does. Produces an empty
 120        string if no `@{push}` ref is configured.
 121
 122HEAD::
 123        '*' if HEAD matches current ref (the checked out branch), ' '
 124        otherwise.
 125
 126color::
 127        Change output color.  Followed by `:<colorname>`, where names
 128        are described in `color.branch.*`.
 129
 130align::
 131        Left-, middle-, or right-align the content between
 132        %(align:...) and %(end). The "align:" is followed by `<width>`
 133        and `<position>` in any order separated by a comma, where the
 134        `<position>` is either left, right or middle, default being
 135        left and `<width>` is the total length of the content with
 136        alignment. If the contents length is more than the width then
 137        no alignment is performed. If used with '--quote' everything
 138        in between %(align:...) and %(end) is quoted, but if nested
 139        then only the topmost level performs quoting.
 140
 141In addition to the above, for commit and tag objects, the header
 142field names (`tree`, `parent`, `object`, `type`, and `tag`) can
 143be used to specify the value in the header field.
 144
 145Fields that have name-email-date tuple as its value (`author`,
 146`committer`, and `tagger`) can be suffixed with `name`, `email`,
 147and `date` to extract the named component.
 148
 149The complete message in a commit and tag object is `contents`.
 150Its first line is `contents:subject`, where subject is the concatenation
 151of all lines of the commit message up to the first blank line.  The next
 152line is 'contents:body', where body is all of the lines after the first
 153blank line.  The optional GPG signature is `contents:signature`.  The
 154first `N` lines of the message is obtained using `contents:lines=N`.
 155
 156For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric
 157order (`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `taggerdate`).
 158All other fields are used to sort in their byte-value order.
 159
 160There is also an option to sort by versions, this can be done by using
 161the fieldname `version:refname` or its alias `v:refname`.
 162
 163In any case, a field name that refers to a field inapplicable to
 164the object referred by the ref does not cause an error.  It
 165returns an empty string instead.
 166
 167As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for
 168the date by adding `:` followed by date format name (see the
 169values the `--date` option to linkgit::git-rev-list[1] takes).
 170
 171
 172EXAMPLES
 173--------
 174
 175An example directly producing formatted text.  Show the most recent
 1763 tagged commits:
 177
 178------------
 179#!/bin/sh
 180
 181git for-each-ref --count=3 --sort='-*authordate' \
 182--format='From: %(*authorname) %(*authoremail)
 183Subject: %(*subject)
 184Date: %(*authordate)
 185Ref: %(*refname)
 186
 187%(*body)
 188' 'refs/tags'
 189------------
 190
 191
 192A simple example showing the use of shell eval on the output,
 193demonstrating the use of --shell.  List the prefixes of all heads:
 194------------
 195#!/bin/sh
 196
 197git for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname)" refs/heads | \
 198while read entry
 199do
 200        eval "$entry"
 201        echo `dirname $ref`
 202done
 203------------
 204
 205
 206A bit more elaborate report on tags, demonstrating that the format
 207may be an entire script:
 208------------
 209#!/bin/sh
 210
 211fmt='
 212        r=%(refname)
 213        t=%(*objecttype)
 214        T=${r#refs/tags/}
 215
 216        o=%(*objectname)
 217        n=%(*authorname)
 218        e=%(*authoremail)
 219        s=%(*subject)
 220        d=%(*authordate)
 221        b=%(*body)
 222
 223        kind=Tag
 224        if test "z$t" = z
 225        then
 226                # could be a lightweight tag
 227                t=%(objecttype)
 228                kind="Lightweight tag"
 229                o=%(objectname)
 230                n=%(authorname)
 231                e=%(authoremail)
 232                s=%(subject)
 233                d=%(authordate)
 234                b=%(body)
 235        fi
 236        echo "$kind $T points at a $t object $o"
 237        if test "z$t" = zcommit
 238        then
 239                echo "The commit was authored by $n $e
 240at $d, and titled
 241
 242    $s
 243
 244Its message reads as:
 245"
 246                echo "$b" | sed -e "s/^/    /"
 247                echo
 248        fi
 249'
 250
 251eval=`git for-each-ref --shell --format="$fmt" \
 252        --sort='*objecttype' \
 253        --sort=-taggerdate \
 254        refs/tags`
 255eval "$eval"
 256------------
 257
 258SEE ALSO
 259--------
 260linkgit:git-show-ref[1]
 261
 262GIT
 263---
 264Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite