Documentation / git-clone.txton commit optimize verify-pack a bit (9909323)
   1git-clone(1)
   2============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git-clone' [--template=<template_directory>]
  13          [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare]
  14          [-o <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
  15          [--depth <depth>] [--] <repository> [<directory>]
  16
  17DESCRIPTION
  18-----------
  19
  20Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
  21remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
  22(visible using `git branch -r`), and creates and checks out an initial
  23branch equal to the cloned repository's currently active branch.
  24
  25After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update
  26all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without
  27arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
  28current master branch, if any.
  29
  30This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
  31the remote branch heads under `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/origin` and
  32by initializing `remote.origin.url` and `remote.origin.fetch`
  33configuration variables.
  34
  35
  36OPTIONS
  37-------
  38--local::
  39-l::
  40        When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
  41        this flag bypasses normal "git aware" transport
  42        mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
  43        HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories.
  44        The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
  45        to save space when possible.  This is now the default when
  46        the source repository is specified with `/path/to/repo`
  47        syntax, so it essentially is a no-op option.  To force
  48        copying instead of hardlinking (which may be desirable
  49        if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository),
  50        but still avoid the usual "git aware" transport
  51        mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
  52
  53--no-hardlinks::
  54        Optimize the cloning process from a repository on a
  55        local filesystem by copying files under `.git/objects`
  56        directory.
  57
  58--shared::
  59-s::
  60        When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
  61        instead of using hard links, automatically setup
  62        .git/objects/info/alternates to share the objects
  63        with the source repository.  The resulting repository
  64        starts out without any object of its own.
  65+
  66*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
  67it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
  68repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
  69other git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
  70source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
  71These objects may be removed by normal git operations (such as git-commit[1])
  72which automatically call git-gc[1]. If these objects are removed and
  73were referenced by the cloned repository, then the cloned repository
  74will become corrupt.
  75
  76
  77
  78--reference <repository>::
  79        If the reference repository is on the local machine
  80        automatically setup .git/objects/info/alternates to
  81        obtain objects from the reference repository.  Using
  82        an already existing repository as an alternate will
  83        require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
  84        being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
  85+
  86*NOTE*: see NOTE to --shared option.
  87
  88--quiet::
  89-q::
  90        Operate quietly.  This flag is passed to "rsync" and
  91        "git-fetch-pack" commands when given.
  92
  93--no-checkout::
  94-n::
  95        No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
  96
  97--bare::
  98        Make a 'bare' GIT repository.  That is, instead of
  99        creating `<directory>` and placing the administrative
 100        files in `<directory>/.git`, make the `<directory>`
 101        itself the `$GIT_DIR`. This obviously implies the `-n`
 102        because there is nowhere to check out the working tree.
 103        Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly
 104        to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping
 105        them to `refs/remotes/origin/`.  When this option is
 106        used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
 107        configuration variables are created.
 108
 109--origin <name>::
 110-o <name>::
 111        Instead of using the remote name 'origin' to keep track
 112        of the upstream repository, use <name> instead.
 113
 114--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
 115-u <upload-pack>::
 116        When given, and the repository to clone from is handled
 117        by 'git-fetch-pack', '--exec=<upload-pack>' is passed to
 118        the command to specify non-default path for the command
 119        run on the other end.
 120
 121--template=<template_directory>::
 122        Specify the directory from which templates will be used;
 123        if unset the templates are taken from the installation
 124        defined default, typically `/usr/share/git-core/templates`.
 125
 126--depth <depth>::
 127        Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
 128        specified number of revisions.  A shallow repository has a
 129        number of limitations (you cannot clone or fetch from
 130        it, nor push from nor into it), but is adequate if you
 131        are only interested in the recent history of a large project
 132        with a long history, and would want to send in fixes
 133        as patches.
 134
 135<repository>::
 136        The (possibly remote) repository to clone from.  See the
 137        <<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
 138        repositories.
 139
 140<directory>::
 141        The name of a new directory to clone into.  The "humanish"
 142        part of the source repository is used if no directory is
 143        explicitly given ("repo" for "/path/to/repo.git" and "foo"
 144        for "host.xz:foo/.git").  Cloning into an existing directory
 145        is not allowed.
 146
 147:git-clone: 1
 148include::urls.txt[]
 149
 150Examples
 151--------
 152
 153Clone from upstream::
 154+
 155------------
 156$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6
 157$ cd my2.6
 158$ make
 159------------
 160
 161
 162Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out::
 163+
 164------------
 165$ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
 166$ cd ../copy
 167$ git show-branch
 168------------
 169
 170
 171Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory::
 172+
 173------------
 174$ git clone --reference my2.6 \
 175        git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.7 \
 176        my2.7
 177$ cd my2.7
 178------------
 179
 180
 181Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public::
 182+
 183------------
 184$ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git
 185------------
 186
 187
 188Create a repository on the kernel.org machine that borrows from Linus::
 189+
 190------------
 191$ git clone --bare -l -s /pub/scm/.../torvalds/linux-2.6.git \
 192    /pub/scm/.../me/subsys-2.6.git
 193------------
 194
 195
 196Author
 197------
 198Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 199
 200
 201Documentation
 202--------------
 203Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 204
 205
 206GIT
 207---
 208Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite