Documentation / git-check-ref-format.txton commit Merge branch 'jk/tag-contains-ab' (9c81e64)
   1git-check-ref-format(1)
   2=======================
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-check-ref-format - Ensures that a reference name is well formed
   7
   8SYNOPSIS
   9--------
  10[verse]
  11'git check-ref-format' <refname>
  12'git check-ref-format' --print <refname>
  13'git check-ref-format' --branch <branchname-shorthand>
  14
  15DESCRIPTION
  16-----------
  17Checks if a given 'refname' is acceptable, and exits with a non-zero
  18status if it is not.
  19
  20A reference is used in git to specify branches and tags.  A
  21branch head is stored in the `refs/heads` hierarchy, while
  22a tag is stored in the `refs/tags` hierarchy of the ref namespace
  23(typically in `$GIT_DIR/refs/heads` and `$GIT_DIR/refs/tags`
  24directories or, as entries in file `$GIT_DIR/packed-refs`
  25if refs are packed by `git gc`).
  26
  27git imposes the following rules on how references are named:
  28
  29. They can include slash `/` for hierarchical (directory)
  30  grouping, but no slash-separated component can begin with a
  31  dot `.`.
  32
  33. They must contain at least one `/`. This enforces the presence of a
  34  category like `heads/`, `tags/` etc. but the actual names are not
  35  restricted.
  36
  37. They cannot have two consecutive dots `..` anywhere.
  38
  39. They cannot have ASCII control characters (i.e. bytes whose
  40  values are lower than \040, or \177 `DEL`), space, tilde `~`,
  41  caret `{caret}`, colon `:`, question-mark `?`, asterisk `*`,
  42  or open bracket `[` anywhere.
  43
  44. They cannot end with a slash `/` nor a dot `.`.
  45
  46. They cannot end with the sequence `.lock`.
  47
  48. They cannot contain a sequence `@{`.
  49
  50. They cannot contain a `\`.
  51
  52These rules make it easy for shell script based tools to parse
  53reference names, pathname expansion by the shell when a reference name is used
  54unquoted (by mistake), and also avoids ambiguities in certain
  55reference name expressions (see linkgit:gitrevisions[7]):
  56
  57. A double-dot `..` is often used as in `ref1..ref2`, and in some
  58  contexts this notation means `{caret}ref1 ref2` (i.e. not in
  59  `ref1` and in `ref2`).
  60
  61. A tilde `~` and caret `{caret}` are used to introduce the postfix
  62  'nth parent' and 'peel onion' operation.
  63
  64. A colon `:` is used as in `srcref:dstref` to mean "use srcref\'s
  65  value and store it in dstref" in fetch and push operations.
  66  It may also be used to select a specific object such as with
  67  'git cat-file': "git cat-file blob v1.3.3:refs.c".
  68
  69. at-open-brace `@{` is used as a notation to access a reflog entry.
  70
  71With the `--print` option, if 'refname' is acceptable, it prints the
  72canonicalized name of a hypothetical reference with that name.  That is,
  73it prints 'refname' with any extra `/` characters removed.
  74
  75With the `--branch` option, it expands the ``previous branch syntax''
  76`@{-n}`.  For example, `@{-1}` is a way to refer the last branch you
  77were on.  This option should be used by porcelains to accept this
  78syntax anywhere a branch name is expected, so they can act as if you
  79typed the branch name.
  80
  81EXAMPLES
  82--------
  83
  84* Print the name of the previous branch:
  85+
  86------------
  87$ git check-ref-format --branch @{-1}
  88------------
  89
  90* Determine the reference name to use for a new branch:
  91+
  92------------
  93$ ref=$(git check-ref-format --print "refs/heads/$newbranch") ||
  94die "we do not like '$newbranch' as a branch name."
  95------------
  96
  97GIT
  98---
  99Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite