Documentation / git-clone.txton commit Merge branch 'jc/receive-pack-auto' into maint (a25a2cd)
   1git-clone(1)
   2============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-clone - Clone a repository into a new directory
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git clone' [--template=<template_directory>]
  13          [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
  14          [-o <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
  15          [--depth <depth>] [--recursive] [--] <repository> [<directory>]
  16
  17DESCRIPTION
  18-----------
  19
  20Clones a repository into a newly created directory, creates
  21remote-tracking branches for each branch in the cloned repository
  22(visible using `git branch -r`), and creates and checks out an
  23initial branch that is forked from the cloned repository's
  24currently active branch.
  25
  26After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update
  27all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without
  28arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
  29current master branch, if any.
  30
  31This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
  32the remote branch heads under `$GIT_DIR/refs/remotes/origin` and
  33by initializing `remote.origin.url` and `remote.origin.fetch`
  34configuration variables.
  35
  36
  37OPTIONS
  38-------
  39--local::
  40-l::
  41        When the repository to clone from is on a local machine,
  42        this flag bypasses the normal "git aware" transport
  43        mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
  44        HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories.
  45        The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
  46        to save space when possible.  This is now the default when
  47        the source repository is specified with `/path/to/repo`
  48        syntax, so it essentially is a no-op option.  To force
  49        copying instead of hardlinking (which may be desirable
  50        if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository),
  51        but still avoid the usual "git aware" transport
  52        mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
  53
  54--no-hardlinks::
  55        Optimize the cloning process from a repository on a
  56        local filesystem by copying files under `.git/objects`
  57        directory.
  58
  59--shared::
  60-s::
  61        When the repository to clone is on the local machine,
  62        instead of using hard links, automatically setup
  63        `.git/objects/info/alternates` to share the objects
  64        with the source repository.  The resulting repository
  65        starts out without any object of its own.
  66+
  67*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
  68it unless you understand what it does. If you clone your
  69repository using this option and then delete branches (or use any
  70other git command that makes any existing commit unreferenced) in the
  71source repository, some objects may become unreferenced (or dangling).
  72These objects may be removed by normal git operations (such as `git commit`)
  73which automatically call `git gc --auto`. (See linkgit:git-gc[1].)
  74If these objects are removed and were referenced by the cloned repository,
  75then the cloned repository will become corrupt.
  76+
  77Note that running `git repack` without the `-l` option in a repository
  78cloned with `-s` will copy objects from the source repository into a pack
  79in the cloned repository, removing the disk space savings of `clone -s`.
  80It is safe, however, to run `git gc`, which uses the `-l` option by
  81default.
  82+
  83If you want to break the dependency of a repository cloned with `-s` on
  84its source repository, you can simply run `git repack -a` to copy all
  85objects from the source repository into a pack in the cloned repository.
  86
  87--reference <repository>::
  88        If the reference repository is on the local machine,
  89        automatically setup `.git/objects/info/alternates` to
  90        obtain objects from the reference repository.  Using
  91        an already existing repository as an alternate will
  92        require fewer objects to be copied from the repository
  93        being cloned, reducing network and local storage costs.
  94+
  95*NOTE*: see the NOTE for the `--shared` option.
  96
  97--quiet::
  98-q::
  99        Operate quietly.  This flag is also passed to the `rsync'
 100        command when given.
 101
 102--verbose::
 103-v::
 104        Display the progress bar, even in case the standard output is not
 105        a terminal.
 106
 107--no-checkout::
 108-n::
 109        No checkout of HEAD is performed after the clone is complete.
 110
 111--bare::
 112        Make a 'bare' GIT repository.  That is, instead of
 113        creating `<directory>` and placing the administrative
 114        files in `<directory>/.git`, make the `<directory>`
 115        itself the `$GIT_DIR`. This obviously implies the `-n`
 116        because there is nowhere to check out the working tree.
 117        Also the branch heads at the remote are copied directly
 118        to corresponding local branch heads, without mapping
 119        them to `refs/remotes/origin/`.  When this option is
 120        used, neither remote-tracking branches nor the related
 121        configuration variables are created.
 122
 123--mirror::
 124        Set up a mirror of the remote repository.  This implies `--bare`.
 125
 126--origin <name>::
 127-o <name>::
 128        Instead of using the remote name `origin` to keep track
 129        of the upstream repository, use `<name>`.
 130
 131--branch <name>::
 132-b <name>::
 133        Instead of pointing the newly created HEAD to the branch pointed
 134        to by the cloned repository's HEAD, point to `<name>` branch
 135        instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
 136        be checked out.
 137
 138--upload-pack <upload-pack>::
 139-u <upload-pack>::
 140        When given, and the repository to clone from is accessed
 141        via ssh, this specifies a non-default path for the command
 142        run on the other end.
 143
 144--template=<template_directory>::
 145        Specify the directory from which templates will be used;
 146        if unset the templates are taken from the installation
 147        defined default, typically `/usr/share/git-core/templates`.
 148
 149--depth <depth>::
 150        Create a 'shallow' clone with a history truncated to the
 151        specified number of revisions.  A shallow repository has a
 152        number of limitations (you cannot clone or fetch from
 153        it, nor push from nor into it), but is adequate if you
 154        are only interested in the recent history of a large project
 155        with a long history, and would want to send in fixes
 156        as patches.
 157
 158--recursive::
 159        After the clone is created, initialize all submodules within,
 160        using their default settings. This is equivalent to running
 161        `git submodule update --init --recursive` immediately after
 162        the clone is finished. This option is ignored if the cloned
 163        repository does not have a worktree/checkout (i.e. if any of
 164        `--no-checkout`/`-n`, `--bare`, or `--mirror` is given)
 165
 166<repository>::
 167        The (possibly remote) repository to clone from.  See the
 168        <<URLS,URLS>> section below for more information on specifying
 169        repositories.
 170
 171<directory>::
 172        The name of a new directory to clone into.  The "humanish"
 173        part of the source repository is used if no directory is
 174        explicitly given (`repo` for `/path/to/repo.git` and `foo`
 175        for `host.xz:foo/.git`).  Cloning into an existing directory
 176        is only allowed if the directory is empty.
 177
 178:git-clone: 1
 179include::urls.txt[]
 180
 181Examples
 182--------
 183
 184Clone from upstream::
 185+
 186------------
 187$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6
 188$ cd my2.6
 189$ make
 190------------
 191
 192
 193Make a local clone that borrows from the current directory, without checking things out::
 194+
 195------------
 196$ git clone -l -s -n . ../copy
 197$ cd ../copy
 198$ git show-branch
 199------------
 200
 201
 202Clone from upstream while borrowing from an existing local directory::
 203+
 204------------
 205$ git clone --reference my2.6 \
 206        git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.7 \
 207        my2.7
 208$ cd my2.7
 209------------
 210
 211
 212Create a bare repository to publish your changes to the public::
 213+
 214------------
 215$ git clone --bare -l /home/proj/.git /pub/scm/proj.git
 216------------
 217
 218
 219Create a repository on the kernel.org machine that borrows from Linus::
 220+
 221------------
 222$ git clone --bare -l -s /pub/scm/.../torvalds/linux-2.6.git \
 223    /pub/scm/.../me/subsys-2.6.git
 224------------
 225
 226
 227Author
 228------
 229Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 230
 231
 232Documentation
 233--------------
 234Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 235
 236
 237GIT
 238---
 239Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite