1git-commit-tree(1) 2================== 3 4NAME 5---- 6git-commit-tree - Create a new commit object 7 8 9SYNOPSIS 10-------- 11[verse] 12'git commit-tree' <tree> [(-p <parent>)...] < changelog 13'git commit-tree' <tree> [(-p <parent>)...] [(-m <message>)...] [(-F <file>)...] 14 15DESCRIPTION 16----------- 17This is usually not what an end user wants to run directly. See 18linkgit:git-commit[1] instead. 19 20Creates a new commit object based on the provided tree object and 21emits the new commit object id on stdout. The log message is read 22from the standard input, unless `-m` or `-F` options are given. 23 24A commit object may have any number of parents. With exactly one 25parent, it is an ordinary commit. Having more than one parent makes 26the commit a merge between several lines of history. Initial (root) 27commits have no parents. 28 29While a tree represents a particular directory state of a working 30directory, a commit represents that state in "time", and explains how 31to get there. 32 33Normally a commit would identify a new "HEAD" state, and while git 34doesn't care where you save the note about that state, in practice we 35tend to just write the result to the file that is pointed at by 36`.git/HEAD`, so that we can always see what the last committed 37state was. 38 39OPTIONS 40------- 41<tree>:: 42 An existing tree object 43 44-p <parent>:: 45 Each '-p' indicates the id of a parent commit object. 46 47-m <message>:: 48 A paragraph in the commit log message. This can be given more than 49 once and each <message> becomes its own paragraph. 50 51-F <file>:: 52 Read the commit log message from the given file. Use `-` to read 53 from the standard input. 54 55 56Commit Information 57------------------ 58 59A commit encapsulates: 60 61- all parent object ids 62- author name, email and date 63- committer name and email and the commit time. 64 65While parent object ids are provided on the command line, author and 66committer information is taken from the following environment variables, 67if set: 68 69 GIT_AUTHOR_NAME 70 GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL 71 GIT_AUTHOR_DATE 72 GIT_COMMITTER_NAME 73 GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL 74 GIT_COMMITTER_DATE 75 EMAIL 76 77(nb "<", ">" and "\n"s are stripped) 78 79In case (some of) these environment variables are not set, the information 80is taken from the configuration items user.name and user.email, or, if not 81present, system user name and the hostname used for outgoing mail (taken 82from `/etc/mailname` and falling back to the fully qualified hostname when 83that file does not exist). 84 85A commit comment is read from stdin. If a changelog 86entry is not provided via "<" redirection, 'git commit-tree' will just wait 87for one to be entered and terminated with ^D. 88 89include::date-formats.txt[] 90 91Discussion 92---------- 93 94include::i18n.txt[] 95 96FILES 97----- 98/etc/mailname 99 100SEE ALSO 101-------- 102linkgit:git-write-tree[1] 103 104GIT 105--- 106Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite