Documentation / git-format-patch.txton commit add special "matching refs" refspec (a83619d)
   1git-format-patch(1)
   2===================
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-format-patch - Prepare patches for e-mail submission
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11[verse]
  12'git-format-patch' [-k] [-o <dir> | --stdout] [--thread]
  13                   [--attach[=<boundary>] | --inline[=<boundary>]]
  14                   [-s | --signoff] [<common diff options>]
  15                   [-n | --numbered | -N | --no-numbered]
  16                   [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
  17                   [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
  18                   [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
  19                   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
  20                   [--cc=<email>]
  21                   [--cover-letter]
  22                   [ <since> | <revision range> ]
  23
  24DESCRIPTION
  25-----------
  26
  27Prepare each commit with its patch in
  28one file per commit, formatted to resemble UNIX mailbox format.
  29The output of this command is convenient for e-mail submission or
  30for use with linkgit:git-am[1].
  31
  32There are two ways to specify which commits to operate on.
  33
  341. A single commit, <since>, specifies that the commits leading
  35   to the tip of the current branch that are not in the history
  36   that leads to the <since> to be output.
  37
  382. Generic <revision range> expression (see "SPECIFYING
  39   REVISIONS" section in linkgit:git-rev-parse[1]) means the
  40   commits in the specified range.
  41
  42A single commit, when interpreted as a <revision range>
  43expression, means "everything that leads to that commit", but
  44if you write 'git format-patch <commit>', the previous rule
  45applies to that command line and you do not get "everything
  46since the beginning of the time".  If you want to format
  47everything since project inception to one commit, say "git
  48format-patch \--root <commit>" to make it clear that it is the
  49latter case.
  50
  51By default, each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the
  52first line of the commit message (massaged for pathname safety) as
  53the filename. With the --numbered-files option, the output file names
  54will only be numbers, without the first line of the commit appended.
  55The names of the output files are printed to standard
  56output, unless the --stdout option is specified.
  57
  58If -o is specified, output files are created in <dir>.  Otherwise
  59they are created in the current working directory.
  60
  61If -n is specified, instead of "[PATCH] Subject", the first line
  62is formatted as "[PATCH n/m] Subject".
  63
  64If given --thread, git-format-patch will generate In-Reply-To and
  65References headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear
  66as replies to the first mail; this also generates a Message-Id header to
  67reference.
  68
  69OPTIONS
  70-------
  71:git-format-patch: 1
  72include::diff-options.txt[]
  73
  74-<n>::
  75        Limits the number of patches to prepare.
  76
  77-o|--output-directory <dir>::
  78        Use <dir> to store the resulting files, instead of the
  79        current working directory.
  80
  81-n|--numbered::
  82        Name output in '[PATCH n/m]' format.
  83
  84-N|--no-numbered::
  85        Name output in '[PATCH]' format.
  86
  87--start-number <n>::
  88        Start numbering the patches at <n> instead of 1.
  89
  90--numbered-files::
  91        Output file names will be a simple number sequence
  92        without the default first line of the commit appended.
  93        Mutually exclusive with the --stdout option.
  94
  95-k|--keep-subject::
  96        Do not strip/add '[PATCH]' from the first line of the
  97        commit log message.
  98
  99-s|--signoff::
 100        Add `Signed-off-by:` line to the commit message, using
 101        the committer identity of yourself.
 102
 103--stdout::
 104        Print all commits to the standard output in mbox format,
 105        instead of creating a file for each one.
 106
 107--attach[=<boundary>]::
 108        Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
 109        which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
 110        second part, with "Content-Disposition: attachment".
 111
 112--inline[=<boundary>]::
 113        Create multipart/mixed attachment, the first part of
 114        which is the commit message and the patch itself in the
 115        second part, with "Content-Disposition: inline".
 116
 117--thread::
 118        Add In-Reply-To and References headers to make the second and
 119        subsequent mails appear as replies to the first.  Also generates
 120        the Message-Id header to reference.
 121
 122--in-reply-to=Message-Id::
 123        Make the first mail (or all the mails with --no-thread) appear as a
 124        reply to the given Message-Id, which avoids breaking threads to
 125        provide a new patch series.
 126
 127--ignore-if-in-upstream::
 128        Do not include a patch that matches a commit in
 129        <until>..<since>.  This will examine all patches reachable
 130        from <since> but not from <until> and compare them with the
 131        patches being generated, and any patch that matches is
 132        ignored.
 133
 134--subject-prefix=<Subject-Prefix>::
 135        Instead of the standard '[PATCH]' prefix in the subject
 136        line, instead use '[<Subject-Prefix>]'. This
 137        allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
 138        combined with the --numbered option.
 139
 140--cc=<email>::
 141        Add a "Cc:" header to the email headers. This is in addition
 142        to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times.
 143
 144--cover-letter::
 145        Generate a cover letter template.  You still have to fill in
 146        a description, but the shortlog and the diffstat will be
 147        generated for you.
 148
 149--suffix=.<sfx>::
 150        Instead of using `.patch` as the suffix for generated
 151        filenames, use specified suffix.  A common alternative is
 152        `--suffix=.txt`.
 153+
 154Note that you would need to include the leading dot `.` if you
 155want a filename like `0001-description-of-my-change.patch`, and
 156the first letter does not have to be a dot.  Leaving it empty would
 157not add any suffix.
 158
 159CONFIGURATION
 160-------------
 161You can specify extra mail header lines to be added to each message
 162in the repository configuration, new defaults for the subject prefix
 163and file suffix, and number patches when outputting more than one.
 164
 165------------
 166[format]
 167        headers = "Organization: git-foo\n"
 168        subjectprefix = CHANGE
 169        suffix = .txt
 170        numbered = auto
 171------------
 172
 173
 174EXAMPLES
 175--------
 176
 177git-format-patch -k --stdout R1..R2 | git-am -3 -k::
 178        Extract commits between revisions R1 and R2, and apply
 179        them on top of the current branch using `git-am` to
 180        cherry-pick them.
 181
 182git-format-patch origin::
 183        Extract all commits which are in the current branch but
 184        not in the origin branch.  For each commit a separate file
 185        is created in the current directory.
 186
 187git-format-patch \--root origin::
 188        Extract all commits that lead to 'origin' since the
 189        inception of the project.
 190
 191git-format-patch -M -B origin::
 192        The same as the previous one.  Additionally, it detects
 193        and handles renames and complete rewrites intelligently to
 194        produce a renaming patch.  A renaming patch reduces the
 195        amount of text output, and generally makes it easier to
 196        review it.  Note that the "patch" program does not
 197        understand renaming patches, so use it only when you know
 198        the recipient uses git to apply your patch.
 199
 200git-format-patch -3::
 201        Extract three topmost commits from the current branch
 202        and format them as e-mailable patches.
 203
 204See Also
 205--------
 206linkgit:git-am[1], linkgit:git-send-email[1]
 207
 208
 209Author
 210------
 211Written by Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
 212
 213Documentation
 214--------------
 215Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 216
 217GIT
 218---
 219Part of the linkgit:git[7] suite