/*
 * Another stupid program, this one parsing the headers of an
 * email to figure out authorship and subject
 */
#include "cache.h"
#include "builtin.h"
#include "utf8.h"

static FILE *cmitmsg, *patchfile, *fin, *fout;

static int keep_subject;
static const char *metainfo_charset;
static char line[1000];
static char name[1000];
static char email[1000];

static enum  {
        TE_DONTCARE, TE_QP, TE_BASE64,
} transfer_encoding;
static enum  {
        TYPE_TEXT, TYPE_OTHER,
} message_type;

static char charset[256];
static int patch_lines;
static char **p_hdr_data, **s_hdr_data;

#define MAX_HDR_PARSED 10
#define MAX_BOUNDARIES 5

static char *sanity_check(char *name, char *email)
{
        int len = strlen(name);
        if (len < 3 || len > 60)
                return email;
        if (strchr(name, '@') || strchr(name, '<') || strchr(name, '>'))
                return email;
        return name;
}

static int bogus_from(char *line)
{
        /* John Doe <johndoe> */
        char *bra, *ket, *dst, *cp;

        /* This is fallback, so do not bother if we already have an
         * e-mail address.
         */
        if (*email)
                return 0;

        bra = strchr(line, '<');
        if (!bra)
                return 0;
        ket = strchr(bra, '>');
        if (!ket)
                return 0;

        for (dst = email, cp = bra+1; cp < ket; )
                *dst++ = *cp++;
        *dst = 0;
        for (cp = line; isspace(*cp); cp++)
                ;
        for (bra--; isspace(*bra); bra--)
                *bra = 0;
        cp = sanity_check(cp, email);
        strcpy(name, cp);
        return 1;
}

static int handle_from(char *in_line)
{
        char line[1000];
        char *at;
        char *dst;

        strcpy(line, in_line);
        at = strchr(line, '@');
        if (!at)
                return bogus_from(line);

        /*
         * If we already have one email, don't take any confusing lines
         */
        if (*email && strchr(at+1, '@'))
                return 0;

        /* Pick up the string around '@', possibly delimited with <>
         * pair; that is the email part.  White them out while copying.
         */
        while (at > line) {
                char c = at[-1];
                if (isspace(c))
                        break;
                if (c == '<') {
                        at[-1] = ' ';
                        break;
                }
                at--;
        }
        dst = email;
        for (;;) {
                unsigned char c = *at;
                if (!c || c == '>' || isspace(c)) {
                        if (c == '>')
                                *at = ' ';
                        break;
                }
                *at++ = ' ';
                *dst++ = c;
        }
        *dst++ = 0;

        /* The remainder is name.  It could be "John Doe <john.doe@xz>"
         * or "john.doe@xz (John Doe)", but we have whited out the
         * email part, so trim from both ends, possibly removing
         * the () pair at the end.
         */
        at = line + strlen(line);
        while (at > line) {
                unsigned char c = *--at;
                if (!isspace(c)) {
                        at[(c == ')') ? 0 : 1] = 0;
                        break;
                }
        }

        at = line;
        for (;;) {
                unsigned char c = *at;
                if (!c || !isspace(c)) {
                        if (c == '(')
                                at++;
                        break;
                }
                at++;
        }
        at = sanity_check(at, email);
        strcpy(name, at);
        return 1;
}

static int handle_header(char *line, char *data, int ofs)
{
        if (!line || !data)
                return 1;

        strcpy(data, line+ofs);

        return 0;
}

/* NOTE NOTE NOTE.  We do not claim we do full MIME.  We just attempt
 * to have enough heuristics to grok MIME encoded patches often found
 * on our mailing lists.  For example, we do not even treat header lines
 * case insensitively.
 */

static int slurp_attr(const char *line, const char *name, char *attr)
{
        const char *ends, *ap = strcasestr(line, name);
        size_t sz;

        if (!ap) {
                *attr = 0;
                return 0;
        }
        ap += strlen(name);
        if (*ap == '"') {
                ap++;
                ends = "\"";
        }
        else
                ends = "; \t";
        sz = strcspn(ap, ends);
        memcpy(attr, ap, sz);
        attr[sz] = 0;
        return 1;
}

struct content_type {
        char *boundary;
        int boundary_len;
};

static struct content_type content[MAX_BOUNDARIES];

static struct content_type *content_top = content;

static int handle_content_type(char *line)
{
        char boundary[256];

        if (strcasestr(line, "text/") == NULL)
                 message_type = TYPE_OTHER;
        if (slurp_attr(line, "boundary=", boundary + 2)) {
                memcpy(boundary, "--", 2);
                if (content_top++ >= &content[MAX_BOUNDARIES]) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "Too many boundaries to handle\n");
                        exit(1);
                }
                content_top->boundary_len = strlen(boundary);
                content_top->boundary = xmalloc(content_top->boundary_len+1);
                strcpy(content_top->boundary, boundary);
        }
        if (slurp_attr(line, "charset=", charset)) {
                int i, c;
                for (i = 0; (c = charset[i]) != 0; i++)
                        charset[i] = tolower(c);
        }
        return 0;
}

static int handle_content_transfer_encoding(char *line)
{
        if (strcasestr(line, "base64"))
                transfer_encoding = TE_BASE64;
        else if (strcasestr(line, "quoted-printable"))
                transfer_encoding = TE_QP;
        else
                transfer_encoding = TE_DONTCARE;
        return 0;
}

static int is_multipart_boundary(const char *line)
{
        return (!memcmp(line, content_top->boundary, content_top->boundary_len));
}

static int eatspace(char *line)
{
        int len = strlen(line);
        while (len > 0 && isspace(line[len-1]))
                line[--len] = 0;
        return len;
}

static char *cleanup_subject(char *subject)
{
        for (;;) {
                char *p;
                int len, remove;
                switch (*subject) {
                case 'r': case 'R':
                        if (!memcmp("e:", subject+1, 2)) {
                                subject += 3;
                                continue;
                        }
                        break;
                case ' ': case '\t': case ':':
                        subject++;
                        continue;

                case '[':
                        p = strchr(subject, ']');
                        if (!p) {
                                subject++;
                                continue;
                        }
                        len = strlen(p);
                        remove = p - subject;
                        if (remove <= len *2) {
                                subject = p+1;
                                continue;
                        }
                        break;
                }
                eatspace(subject);
                return subject;
        }
}

static void cleanup_space(char *buf)
{
        unsigned char c;
        while ((c = *buf) != 0) {
                buf++;
                if (isspace(c)) {
                        buf[-1] = ' ';
                        c = *buf;
                        while (isspace(c)) {
                                int len = strlen(buf);
                                memmove(buf, buf+1, len);
                                c = *buf;
                        }
                }
        }
}

static void decode_header(char *it, unsigned itsize);
static const char *header[MAX_HDR_PARSED] = {
        "From","Subject","Date",
};

static int check_header(char *line, unsigned linesize, char **hdr_data, int overwrite)
{
        int i;

        /* search for the interesting parts */
        for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
                int len = strlen(header[i]);
                if ((!hdr_data[i] || overwrite) &&
                    !strncasecmp(line, header[i], len) &&
                    line[len] == ':' && isspace(line[len + 1])) {
                        /* Unwrap inline B and Q encoding, and optionally
                         * normalize the meta information to utf8.
                         */
                        decode_header(line + len + 2, linesize - len - 2);
                        hdr_data[i] = xmalloc(1000 * sizeof(char));
                        if (! handle_header(line, hdr_data[i], len + 2)) {
                                return 1;
                        }
                }
        }

        /* Content stuff */
        if (!strncasecmp(line, "Content-Type", 12) &&
                line[12] == ':' && isspace(line[12 + 1])) {
                decode_header(line + 12 + 2, linesize - 12 - 2);
                if (! handle_content_type(line)) {
                        return 1;
                }
        }
        if (!strncasecmp(line, "Content-Transfer-Encoding", 25) &&
                line[25] == ':' && isspace(line[25 + 1])) {
                decode_header(line + 25 + 2, linesize - 25 - 2);
                if (! handle_content_transfer_encoding(line)) {
                        return 1;
                }
        }

        /* for inbody stuff */
        if (!memcmp(">From", line, 5) && isspace(line[5]))
                return 1;
        if (!memcmp("[PATCH]", line, 7) && isspace(line[7])) {
                for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {
                        if (!memcmp("Subject: ", header[i], 9)) {
                                if (! handle_header(line, hdr_data[i], 0)) {
                                        return 1;
                                }
                        }
                }
        }

        /* no match */
        return 0;
}

static int is_rfc2822_header(char *line)
{
        /*
         * The section that defines the loosest possible
         * field name is "3.6.8 Optional fields".
         *
         * optional-field = field-name ":" unstructured CRLF
         * field-name = 1*ftext
         * ftext = %d33-57 / %59-126
         */
        int ch;
        char *cp = line;

        /* Count mbox From headers as headers */
        if (!memcmp(line, "From ", 5) || !memcmp(line, ">From ", 6))
                return 1;

        while ((ch = *cp++)) {
                if (ch == ':')
                        return cp != line;
                if ((33 <= ch && ch <= 57) ||
                    (59 <= ch && ch <= 126))
                        continue;
                break;
        }
        return 0;
}

/*
 * sz is size of 'line' buffer in bytes.  Must be reasonably
 * long enough to hold one physical real-world e-mail line.
 */
static int read_one_header_line(char *line, int sz, FILE *in)
{
        int len;

        /*
         * We will read at most (sz-1) bytes and then potentially
         * re-add NUL after it.  Accessing line[sz] after this is safe
         * and we can allow len to grow up to and including sz.
         */
        sz--;

        /* Get the first part of the line. */
        if (!fgets(line, sz, in))
                return 0;

        /*
         * Is it an empty line or not a valid rfc2822 header?
         * If so, stop here, and return false ("not a header")
         */
        len = eatspace(line);
        if (!len || !is_rfc2822_header(line)) {
                /* Re-add the newline */
                line[len] = '\n';
                line[len + 1] = '\0';
                return 0;
        }

        /*
         * Now we need to eat all the continuation lines..
         * Yuck, 2822 header "folding"
         */
        for (;;) {
                int peek, addlen;
                static char continuation[1000];

                peek = fgetc(in); ungetc(peek, in);
                if (peek != ' ' && peek != '\t')
                        break;
                if (!fgets(continuation, sizeof(continuation), in))
                        break;
                addlen = eatspace(continuation);
                if (len < sz - 1) {
                        if (addlen >= sz - len)
                                addlen = sz - len - 1;
                        memcpy(line + len, continuation, addlen);
                        line[len] = '\n';
                        len += addlen;
                }
        }
        line[len] = 0;

        return 1;
}

static int decode_q_segment(char *in, char *ot, unsigned otsize, char *ep, int rfc2047)
{
        char *otend = ot + otsize;
        int c;
        while ((c = *in++) != 0 && (in <= ep)) {
                if (ot == otend) {
                        *--ot = '\0';
                        return -1;
                }
                if (c == '=') {
                        int d = *in++;
                        if (d == '\n' || !d)
                                break; /* drop trailing newline */
                        *ot++ = ((hexval(d) << 4) | hexval(*in++));
                        continue;
                }
                if (rfc2047 && c == '_') /* rfc2047 4.2 (2) */
                        c = 0x20;
                *ot++ = c;
        }
        *ot = 0;
        return 0;
}

static int decode_b_segment(char *in, char *ot, unsigned otsize, char *ep)
{
        /* Decode in..ep, possibly in-place to ot */
        int c, pos = 0, acc = 0;
        char *otend = ot + otsize;

        while ((c = *in++) != 0 && (in <= ep)) {
                if (ot == otend) {
                        *--ot = '\0';
                        return -1;
                }
                if (c == '+')
                        c = 62;
                else if (c == '/')
                        c = 63;
                else if ('A' <= c && c <= 'Z')
                        c -= 'A';
                else if ('a' <= c && c <= 'z')
                        c -= 'a' - 26;
                else if ('0' <= c && c <= '9')
                        c -= '0' - 52;
                else if (c == '=') {
                        /* padding is almost like (c == 0), except we do
                         * not output NUL resulting only from it;
                         * for now we just trust the data.
                         */
                        c = 0;
                }
                else
                        continue; /* garbage */
                switch (pos++) {
                case 0:
                        acc = (c << 2);
                        break;
                case 1:
                        *ot++ = (acc | (c >> 4));
                        acc = (c & 15) << 4;
                        break;
                case 2:
                        *ot++ = (acc | (c >> 2));
                        acc = (c & 3) << 6;
                        break;
                case 3:
                        *ot++ = (acc | c);
                        acc = pos = 0;
                        break;
                }
        }
        *ot = 0;
        return 0;
}

/*
 * When there is no known charset, guess.
 *
 * Right now we assume that if the target is UTF-8 (the default),
 * and it already looks like UTF-8 (which includes US-ASCII as its
 * subset, of course) then that is what it is and there is nothing
 * to do.
 *
 * Otherwise, we default to assuming it is Latin1 for historical
 * reasons.
 */
static const char *guess_charset(const char *line, const char *target_charset)
{
        if (is_encoding_utf8(target_charset)) {
                if (is_utf8(line))
                        return NULL;
        }
        return "latin1";
}

static void convert_to_utf8(char *line, unsigned linesize, const char *charset)
{
        char *out;

        if (!charset || !*charset) {
                charset = guess_charset(line, metainfo_charset);
                if (!charset)
                        return;
        }

        if (!strcmp(metainfo_charset, charset))
                return;
        out = reencode_string(line, metainfo_charset, charset);
        if (!out)
                die("cannot convert from %s to %s\n",
                    charset, metainfo_charset);
        strlcpy(line, out, linesize);
        free(out);
}

static int decode_header_bq(char *it, unsigned itsize)
{
        char *in, *out, *ep, *cp, *sp;
        char outbuf[1000];
        int rfc2047 = 0;

        in = it;
        out = outbuf;
        while ((ep = strstr(in, "=?")) != NULL) {
                int sz, encoding;
                char charset_q[256], piecebuf[256];
                rfc2047 = 1;

                if (in != ep) {
                        sz = ep - in;
                        memcpy(out, in, sz);
                        out += sz;
                        in += sz;
                }
                /* E.g.
                 * ep : "=?iso-2022-jp?B?GyR...?= foo"
                 * ep : "=?ISO-8859-1?Q?Foo=FCbar?= baz"
                 */
                ep += 2;
                cp = strchr(ep, '?');
                if (!cp)
                        return rfc2047; /* no munging */
                for (sp = ep; sp < cp; sp++)
                        charset_q[sp - ep] = tolower(*sp);
                charset_q[cp - ep] = 0;
                encoding = cp[1];
                if (!encoding || cp[2] != '?')
                        return rfc2047; /* no munging */
                ep = strstr(cp + 3, "?=");
                if (!ep)
                        return rfc2047; /* no munging */
                switch (tolower(encoding)) {
                default:
                        return rfc2047; /* no munging */
                case 'b':
                        sz = decode_b_segment(cp + 3, piecebuf, sizeof(piecebuf), ep);
                        break;
                case 'q':
                        sz = decode_q_segment(cp + 3, piecebuf, sizeof(piecebuf), ep, 1);
                        break;
                }
                if (sz < 0)
                        return rfc2047;
                if (metainfo_charset)
                        convert_to_utf8(piecebuf, sizeof(piecebuf), charset_q);

                sz = strlen(piecebuf);
                if (outbuf + sizeof(outbuf) <= out + sz)
                        return rfc2047; /* no munging */
                strcpy(out, piecebuf);
                out += sz;
                in = ep + 2;
        }
        strcpy(out, in);
        strlcpy(it, outbuf, itsize);
        return rfc2047;
}

static void decode_header(char *it, unsigned itsize)
{

        if (decode_header_bq(it, itsize))
                return;
        /* otherwise "it" is a straight copy of the input.
         * This can be binary guck but there is no charset specified.
         */
        if (metainfo_charset)
                convert_to_utf8(it, itsize, "");
}

static void decode_transfer_encoding(char *line, unsigned linesize)
{
        char *ep;

        switch (transfer_encoding) {
        case TE_QP:
                ep = line + strlen(line);
                decode_q_segment(line, line, linesize, ep, 0);
                break;
        case TE_BASE64:
                ep = line + strlen(line);
                decode_b_segment(line, line, linesize, ep);
                break;
        case TE_DONTCARE:
                break;
        }
}

static int handle_filter(char *line, unsigned linesize);

static int find_boundary(void)
{
        while(fgets(line, sizeof(line), fin) != NULL) {
                if (is_multipart_boundary(line))
                        return 1;
        }
        return 0;
}

static int handle_boundary(void)
{
        char newline[]="\n";
again:
        if (!memcmp(line+content_top->boundary_len, "--", 2)) {
                /* we hit an end boundary */
                /* pop the current boundary off the stack */
                free(content_top->boundary);

                /* technically won't happen as is_multipart_boundary()
                   will fail first.  But just in case..
                 */
                if (content_top-- < content) {
                        fprintf(stderr, "Detected mismatched boundaries, "
                                        "can't recover\n");
                        exit(1);
                }
                handle_filter(newline, sizeof(newline));

                /* skip to the next boundary */
                if (!find_boundary())
                        return 0;
                goto again;
        }

        /* set some defaults */
        transfer_encoding = TE_DONTCARE;
        charset[0] = 0;
        message_type = TYPE_TEXT;

        /* slurp in this section's info */
        while (read_one_header_line(line, sizeof(line), fin))
                check_header(line, sizeof(line), p_hdr_data, 0);

        /* eat the blank line after section info */
        return (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fin) != NULL);
}

static inline int patchbreak(const char *line)
{
        /* Beginning of a "diff -" header? */
        if (!memcmp("diff -", line, 6))
                return 1;

        /* CVS "Index: " line? */
        if (!memcmp("Index: ", line, 7))
                return 1;

        /*
         * "--- <filename>" starts patches without headers
         * "---<sp>*" is a manual separator
         */
        if (!memcmp("---", line, 3)) {
                line += 3;
                /* space followed by a filename? */
                if (line[0] == ' ' && !isspace(line[1]))
                        return 1;
                /* Just whitespace? */
                for (;;) {
                        unsigned char c = *line++;
                        if (c == '\n')
                                return 1;
                        if (!isspace(c))
                                break;
                }
                return 0;
        }
        return 0;
}


static int handle_commit_msg(char *line, unsigned linesize)
{
        static int still_looking = 1;
        char *endline = line + linesize;

        if (!cmitmsg)
                return 0;

        if (still_looking) {
                char *cp = line;
                if (isspace(*line)) {
                        for (cp = line + 1; *cp; cp++) {
                                if (!isspace(*cp))
                                        break;
                        }
                        if (!*cp)
                                return 0;
                }
                if ((still_looking = check_header(cp, endline - cp, s_hdr_data, 0)) != 0)
                        return 0;
        }

        /* normalize the log message to UTF-8. */
        if (metainfo_charset)
                convert_to_utf8(line, endline - line, charset);

        if (patchbreak(line)) {
                fclose(cmitmsg);
                cmitmsg = NULL;
                return 1;
        }

        fputs(line, cmitmsg);
        return 0;
}

static int handle_patch(char *line)
{
        fputs(line, patchfile);
        patch_lines++;
        return 0;
}

static int handle_filter(char *line, unsigned linesize)
{
        static int filter = 0;

        /* filter tells us which part we left off on
         * a non-zero return indicates we hit a filter point
         */
        switch (filter) {
        case 0:
                if (!handle_commit_msg(line, linesize))
                        break;
                filter++;
        case 1:
                if (!handle_patch(line))
                        break;
                filter++;
        default:
                return 1;
        }

        return 0;
}

static void handle_body(void)
{
        int rc = 0;
        static char newline[2000];
        static char *np = newline;

        /* Skip up to the first boundary */
        if (content_top->boundary) {
                if (!find_boundary())
                        return;
        }

        do {
                /* process any boundary lines */
                if (content_top->boundary && is_multipart_boundary(line)) {
                        /* flush any leftover */
                        if ((transfer_encoding == TE_BASE64)  &&
                            (np != newline)) {
                                handle_filter(newline, sizeof(newline));
                        }
                        if (!handle_boundary())
                                return;
                }

                /* Unwrap transfer encoding */
                decode_transfer_encoding(line, sizeof(line));

                switch (transfer_encoding) {
                case TE_BASE64:
                {
                        char *op = line;

                        /* binary data most likely doesn't have newlines */
                        if (message_type != TYPE_TEXT) {
                                rc = handle_filter(line, sizeof(newline));
                                break;
                        }

                        /* this is a decoded line that may contain
                         * multiple new lines.  Pass only one chunk
                         * at a time to handle_filter()
                         */

                        do {
                                while (*op != '\n' && *op != 0)
                                        *np++ = *op++;
                                *np = *op;
                                if (*np != 0) {
                                        /* should be sitting on a new line */
                                        *(++np) = 0;
                                        op++;
                                        rc = handle_filter(newline, sizeof(newline));
                                        np = newline;
                                }
                        } while (*op != 0);
                        /* the partial chunk is saved in newline and
                         * will be appended by the next iteration of fgets
                         */
                        break;
                }
                default:
                        rc = handle_filter(line, sizeof(newline));
                }
                if (rc)
                        /* nothing left to filter */
                        break;
        } while (fgets(line, sizeof(line), fin));

        return;
}

static void output_header_lines(FILE *fout, const char *hdr, char *data)
{
        while (1) {
                char *ep = strchr(data, '\n');
                int len;
                if (!ep)
                        len = strlen(data);
                else
                        len = ep - data;
                fprintf(fout, "%s: %.*s\n", hdr, len, data);
                if (!ep)
                        break;
                data = ep + 1;
        }
}

static void handle_info(void)
{
        char *sub;
        char *hdr;
        int i;

        for (i = 0; header[i]; i++) {

                /* only print inbody headers if we output a patch file */
                if (patch_lines && s_hdr_data[i])
                        hdr = s_hdr_data[i];
                else if (p_hdr_data[i])
                        hdr = p_hdr_data[i];
                else
                        continue;

                if (!memcmp(header[i], "Subject", 7)) {
                        if (keep_subject)
                                sub = hdr;
                        else {
                                sub = cleanup_subject(hdr);
                                cleanup_space(sub);
                        }
                        output_header_lines(fout, "Subject", sub);
                } else if (!memcmp(header[i], "From", 4)) {
                        handle_from(hdr);
                        fprintf(fout, "Author: %s\n", name);
                        fprintf(fout, "Email: %s\n", email);
                } else {
                        cleanup_space(hdr);
                        fprintf(fout, "%s: %s\n", header[i], hdr);
                }
        }
        fprintf(fout, "\n");
}

static int mailinfo(FILE *in, FILE *out, int ks, const char *encoding,
                    const char *msg, const char *patch)
{
        int peek;
        keep_subject = ks;
        metainfo_charset = encoding;
        fin = in;
        fout = out;

        cmitmsg = fopen(msg, "w");
        if (!cmitmsg) {
                perror(msg);
                return -1;
        }
        patchfile = fopen(patch, "w");
        if (!patchfile) {
                perror(patch);
                fclose(cmitmsg);
                return -1;
        }

        p_hdr_data = xcalloc(MAX_HDR_PARSED, sizeof(char *));
        s_hdr_data = xcalloc(MAX_HDR_PARSED, sizeof(char *));

        do {
                peek = fgetc(in);
        } while (isspace(peek));
        ungetc(peek, in);

        /* process the email header */
        while (read_one_header_line(line, sizeof(line), fin))
                check_header(line, sizeof(line), p_hdr_data, 1);

        handle_body();
        handle_info();

        return 0;
}

static const char mailinfo_usage[] =
        "git-mailinfo [-k] [-u | --encoding=<encoding>] msg patch <mail >info";

int cmd_mailinfo(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
{
        const char *def_charset;

        /* NEEDSWORK: might want to do the optional .git/ directory
         * discovery
         */
        git_config(git_default_config);

        def_charset = (git_commit_encoding ? git_commit_encoding : "utf-8");
        metainfo_charset = def_charset;

        while (1 < argc && argv[1][0] == '-') {
                if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-k"))
                        keep_subject = 1;
                else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-u"))
                        metainfo_charset = def_charset;
                else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-n"))
                        metainfo_charset = NULL;
                else if (!prefixcmp(argv[1], "--encoding="))
                        metainfo_charset = argv[1] + 11;
                else
                        usage(mailinfo_usage);
                argc--; argv++;
        }

        if (argc != 3)
                usage(mailinfo_usage);

        return !!mailinfo(stdin, stdout, keep_subject, metainfo_charset, argv[1], argv[2]);
}