INSTALLon commit Merge remote branch 'remotes/trast-doc/for-next' (add0951)
   1
   2                Git installation
   3
   4Normally you can just do "make" followed by "make install", and that
   5will install the git programs in your own ~/bin/ directory.  If you want
   6to do a global install, you can do
   7
   8        $ make prefix=/usr all doc info ;# as yourself
   9        # make prefix=/usr install install-doc install-html install-info ;# as root
  10
  11(or prefix=/usr/local, of course).  Just like any program suite
  12that uses $prefix, the built results have some paths encoded,
  13which are derived from $prefix, so "make all; make prefix=/usr
  14install" would not work.
  15
  16The beginning of the Makefile documents many variables that affect the way
  17git is built.  You can override them either from the command line, or in a
  18config.mak file.
  19
  20Alternatively you can use autoconf generated ./configure script to
  21set up install paths (via config.mak.autogen), so you can write instead
  22
  23        $ make configure ;# as yourself
  24        $ ./configure --prefix=/usr ;# as yourself
  25        $ make all doc ;# as yourself
  26        # make install install-doc install-html;# as root
  27
  28
  29Issues of note:
  30
  31 - Ancient versions of GNU Interactive Tools (pre-4.9.2) installed a
  32   program "git", whose name conflicts with this program.  But with
  33   version 4.9.2, after long hiatus without active maintenance (since
  34   around 1997), it changed its name to gnuit and the name conflict is no
  35   longer a problem.
  36
  37   NOTE: When compiled with backward compatibility option, the GNU
  38   Interactive Tools package still can install "git", but you can build it
  39   with --disable-transition option to avoid this.
  40
  41 - You can use git after building but without installing if you want
  42   to test drive it.  Simply run git found in bin-wrappers directory
  43   in the build directory, or prepend that directory to your $PATH.
  44   This however is less efficient than running an installed git, as
  45   you always need an extra fork+exec to run any git subcommand.
  46
  47   It is still possible to use git without installing by setting a few
  48   environment variables, which was the way this was done
  49   traditionally.  But using git found in bin-wrappers directory in
  50   the build directory is far simpler.  As a historical reference, the
  51   old way went like this:
  52
  53        GIT_EXEC_PATH=`pwd`
  54        PATH=`pwd`:$PATH
  55        GITPERLLIB=`pwd`/perl/blib/lib
  56        export GIT_EXEC_PATH PATH GITPERLLIB
  57
  58 - Git is reasonably self-sufficient, but does depend on a few external
  59   programs and libraries.  Git can be used without most of them by adding
  60   the approriate "NO_<LIBRARY>=YesPlease" to the make command line or
  61   config.mak file.
  62
  63        - "zlib", the compression library. Git won't build without it.
  64
  65        - "ssh" is used to push and pull over the net.
  66
  67        - A POSIX-compliant shell is required to run many scripts needed
  68          for everyday use (e.g. "bisect", "pull").
  69
  70        - "Perl" is needed to use some of the features (e.g. preparing a
  71          partial commit using "git add -i/-p", interacting with svn
  72          repositories with "git svn").  If you can live without these, use
  73          NO_PERL.
  74
  75        - "openssl" library is used by git-imap-send to use IMAP over SSL.
  76          If you don't need it, use NO_OPENSSL.
  77
  78          By default, git uses OpenSSL for SHA1 but it will use it's own
  79          library (inspired by Mozilla's) with either NO_OPENSSL or
  80          BLK_SHA1.  Also included is a version optimized for PowerPC
  81          (PPC_SHA1).
  82
  83        - "libcurl" library is used by git-http-fetch and git-fetch.  You
  84          might also want the "curl" executable for debugging purposes.
  85          If you do not use http:// or https:// repositories, you do not
  86          have to have them (use NO_CURL).
  87
  88        - "expat" library; git-http-push uses it for remote lock
  89          management over DAV.  Similar to "curl" above, this is optional
  90          (with NO_EXPAT).
  91
  92        - "wish", the Tcl/Tk windowing shell is used in gitk to show the
  93          history graphically, and in git-gui.  If you don't want gitk or
  94          git-gui, you can use NO_TCLTK.
  95
  96 - Some platform specific issues are dealt with Makefile rules,
  97   but depending on your specific installation, you may not
  98   have all the libraries/tools needed, or you may have
  99   necessary libraries at unusual locations.  Please look at the
 100   top of the Makefile to see what can be adjusted for your needs.
 101   You can place local settings in config.mak and the Makefile
 102   will include them.  Note that config.mak is not distributed;
 103   the name is reserved for local settings.
 104
 105 - To build and install documentation suite, you need to have
 106   the asciidoc/xmlto toolchain.  Because not many people are
 107   inclined to install the tools, the default build target
 108   ("make all") does _not_ build them.
 109
 110   "make doc" builds documentation in man and html formats; there are
 111   also "make man", "make html" and "make info". Note that "make html"
 112   requires asciidoc, but not xmlto. "make man" (and thus make doc)
 113   requires both.
 114
 115   "make install-doc" installs documentation in man format only; there
 116   are also "make install-man", "make install-html" and "make
 117   install-info".
 118
 119   Building and installing the info file additionally requires
 120   makeinfo and docbook2X.  Version 0.8.3 is known to work.
 121
 122   Building and installing the pdf file additionally requires
 123   dblatex.  Version 0.2.7 with asciidoc >= 8.2.7 is known to work.
 124
 125   The documentation is written for AsciiDoc 7, but "make
 126   ASCIIDOC8=YesPlease doc" will let you format with AsciiDoc 8.
 127
 128   Alternatively, pre-formatted documentation is available in
 129   "html" and "man" branches of the git repository itself.  For
 130   example, you could:
 131
 132        $ mkdir manual && cd manual
 133        $ git init
 134        $ git fetch-pack git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git man html |
 135          while read a b
 136          do
 137            echo $a >.git/$b
 138          done
 139        $ cp .git/refs/heads/man .git/refs/heads/master
 140        $ git checkout
 141
 142   to checkout the pre-built man pages.  Also in this repository:
 143
 144        $ git checkout html
 145
 146   would instead give you a copy of what you see at:
 147
 148        http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/
 149
 150   There are also "make quick-install-doc", "make quick-install-man"
 151   and "make quick-install-html" which install preformatted man pages
 152   and html documentation.
 153   This does not require asciidoc/xmlto, but it only works from within
 154   a cloned checkout of git.git with these two extra branches, and will
 155   not work for the maintainer for obvious chicken-and-egg reasons.
 156
 157   It has been reported that docbook-xsl version 1.72 and 1.73 are
 158   buggy; 1.72 misformats manual pages for callouts, and 1.73 needs
 159   the patch in contrib/patches/docbook-xsl-manpages-charmap.patch