Documentation / git-diff-cache.txton commit git-init-db: set up the full default environment (cad88fd)
   1git-diff-cache(1)
   2=================
   3v0.1, May 2005
   4
   5NAME
   6----
   7git-diff-cache - Compares content and mode of blobs between the cache and repository
   8
   9
  10SYNOPSIS
  11--------
  12'git-diff-cache' [-p] [-r] [-z] [-m] [-M] [-R] [-C] [-S<string>] [--pickaxe-all] [--cached] <tree-ish> [<path>...]
  13
  14DESCRIPTION
  15-----------
  16Compares the content and mode of the blobs found via a tree
  17object with the content of the current cache and, optionally
  18ignoring the stat state of the file on disk.  When paths are
  19specified, compares only those named paths.  Otherwise all
  20entries in the cache are compared.
  21
  22OPTIONS
  23-------
  24<tree-ish>::
  25        The id of a tree object to diff against.
  26
  27-p::
  28        Generate patch (see section on generating patches)
  29
  30-r::
  31        This flag does not mean anything.  It is there only to match
  32        "git-diff-tree".  Unlike "git-diff-tree", "git-diff-cache"
  33        always looks at all the subdirectories.
  34
  35-z::
  36        \0 line termination on output
  37
  38-M::
  39        Detect renames.
  40
  41-C::
  42        Detect copies as well as renames.
  43
  44-S<string>::
  45        Look for differences that contains the change in <string>.
  46
  47--pickaxe-all::
  48        When -S finds a change, show all the changes in that
  49        changeset, not just the files that contains the change
  50        in <string>.
  51
  52-R::
  53        Output diff in reverse.
  54
  55--cached::
  56        do not consider the on-disk file at all
  57
  58-m::
  59        By default, files recorded in the index but not checked
  60        out are reported as deleted.  This flag makes
  61        "git-diff-cache" say that all non-checked-out files are up
  62        to date.
  63
  64Output format
  65-------------
  66include::diff-format.txt[]
  67
  68Operating Modes
  69---------------
  70You can choose whether you want to trust the index file entirely
  71(using the '--cached' flag) or ask the diff logic to show any files
  72that don't match the stat state as being "tentatively changed".  Both
  73of these operations are very useful indeed.
  74
  75Cached Mode
  76-----------
  77If '--cached' is specified, it allows you to ask:
  78
  79        show me the differences between HEAD and the current index
  80        contents (the ones I'd write with a "git-write-tree")
  81
  82For example, let's say that you have worked on your index file, and are
  83ready to commit. You want to see eactly *what* you are going to commit is
  84without having to write a new tree object and compare it that way, and to
  85do that, you just do
  86
  87        git-diff-cache --cached $(cat .git/HEAD)
  88
  89Example: let's say I had renamed `commit.c` to `git-commit.c`, and I had
  90done an "git-update-cache" to make that effective in the index file.
  91"git-diff-files" wouldn't show anything at all, since the index file
  92matches my working directory. But doing a "git-diff-cache" does:
  93
  94  torvalds@ppc970:~/git> git-diff-cache --cached $(cat .git/HEAD)
  95  -100644 blob    4161aecc6700a2eb579e842af0b7f22b98443f74        commit.c
  96  +100644 blob    4161aecc6700a2eb579e842af0b7f22b98443f74        git-commit.c
  97
  98You can trivially see that the above is a rename.
  99
 100In fact, "git-diff-cache --cached" *should* always be entirely equivalent to
 101actually doing a "git-write-tree" and comparing that. Except this one is much
 102nicer for the case where you just want to check where you are.
 103
 104So doing a "git-diff-cache --cached" is basically very useful when you are 
 105asking yourself "what have I already marked for being committed, and 
 106what's the difference to a previous tree".
 107
 108Non-cached Mode
 109---------------
 110The "non-cached" mode takes a different approach, and is potentially
 111the more useful of the two in that what it does can't be emulated with
 112a "git-write-tree" + "git-diff-tree". Thus that's the default mode.
 113The non-cached version asks the question:
 114
 115   show me the differences between HEAD and the currently checked out
 116   tree - index contents _and_ files that aren't up-to-date
 117
 118which is obviously a very useful question too, since that tells you what
 119you *could* commit. Again, the output matches the "git-diff-tree -r"
 120output to a tee, but with a twist.
 121
 122The twist is that if some file doesn't match the cache, we don't have
 123a backing store thing for it, and we use the magic "all-zero" sha1 to
 124show that. So let's say that you have edited `kernel/sched.c`, but
 125have not actually done a "git-update-cache" on it yet - there is no
 126"object" associated with the new state, and you get:
 127
 128  torvalds@ppc970:~/v2.6/linux> git-diff-cache $(cat .git/HEAD )
 129  *100644->100664 blob    7476bb......->000000......      kernel/sched.c
 130
 131ie it shows that the tree has changed, and that `kernel/sched.c` has is
 132not up-to-date and may contain new stuff. The all-zero sha1 means that to
 133get the real diff, you need to look at the object in the working directory
 134directly rather than do an object-to-object diff.
 135
 136NOTE! As with other commands of this type, "git-diff-cache" does not
 137actually look at the contents of the file at all. So maybe
 138`kernel/sched.c` hasn't actually changed, and it's just that you
 139touched it. In either case, it's a note that you need to
 140"git-upate-cache" it to make the cache be in sync.
 141
 142NOTE 2! You can have a mixture of files show up as "has been updated"
 143and "is still dirty in the working directory" together. You can always
 144tell which file is in which state, since the "has been updated" ones
 145show a valid sha1, and the "not in sync with the index" ones will
 146always have the special all-zero sha1.
 147
 148
 149Author
 150------
 151Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
 152
 153Documentation
 154--------------
 155Documentation by David Greaves, Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 156
 157GIT
 158---
 159Part of the link:git.html[git] suite
 160