Documentation / git-rev-parse.txton commit rebase -i: add exec command to launch a shell command (cd035b1)
   1git-rev-parse(1)
   2================
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-rev-parse - Pick out and massage parameters
   7
   8
   9SYNOPSIS
  10--------
  11'git rev-parse' [ --option ] <args>...
  12
  13DESCRIPTION
  14-----------
  15
  16Many git porcelainish commands take mixture of flags
  17(i.e. parameters that begin with a dash '-') and parameters
  18meant for the underlying 'git rev-list' command they use internally
  19and flags and parameters for the other commands they use
  20downstream of 'git rev-list'.  This command is used to
  21distinguish between them.
  22
  23
  24OPTIONS
  25-------
  26--parseopt::
  27        Use 'git rev-parse' in option parsing mode (see PARSEOPT section below).
  28
  29--keep-dashdash::
  30        Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode. Tells the option parser to echo
  31        out the first `--` met instead of skipping it.
  32
  33--stop-at-non-option::
  34        Only meaningful in `--parseopt` mode.  Lets the option parser stop at
  35        the first non-option argument.  This can be used to parse sub-commands
  36        that take options themselves.
  37
  38--sq-quote::
  39        Use 'git rev-parse' in shell quoting mode (see SQ-QUOTE
  40        section below). In contrast to the `--sq` option below, this
  41        mode does only quoting. Nothing else is done to command input.
  42
  43--revs-only::
  44        Do not output flags and parameters not meant for
  45        'git rev-list' command.
  46
  47--no-revs::
  48        Do not output flags and parameters meant for
  49        'git rev-list' command.
  50
  51--flags::
  52        Do not output non-flag parameters.
  53
  54--no-flags::
  55        Do not output flag parameters.
  56
  57--default <arg>::
  58        If there is no parameter given by the user, use `<arg>`
  59        instead.
  60
  61--verify::
  62        The parameter given must be usable as a single, valid
  63        object name.  Otherwise barf and abort.
  64
  65-q::
  66--quiet::
  67        Only meaningful in `--verify` mode. Do not output an error
  68        message if the first argument is not a valid object name;
  69        instead exit with non-zero status silently.
  70
  71--sq::
  72        Usually the output is made one line per flag and
  73        parameter.  This option makes output a single line,
  74        properly quoted for consumption by shell.  Useful when
  75        you expect your parameter to contain whitespaces and
  76        newlines (e.g. when using pickaxe `-S` with
  77        'git diff-\*'). In contrast to the `--sq-quote` option,
  78        the command input is still interpreted as usual.
  79
  80--not::
  81        When showing object names, prefix them with '{caret}' and
  82        strip '{caret}' prefix from the object names that already have
  83        one.
  84
  85--symbolic::
  86        Usually the object names are output in SHA1 form (with
  87        possible '{caret}' prefix); this option makes them output in a
  88        form as close to the original input as possible.
  89
  90--symbolic-full-name::
  91        This is similar to \--symbolic, but it omits input that
  92        are not refs (i.e. branch or tag names; or more
  93        explicitly disambiguating "heads/master" form, when you
  94        want to name the "master" branch when there is an
  95        unfortunately named tag "master"), and show them as full
  96        refnames (e.g. "refs/heads/master").
  97
  98--abbrev-ref[={strict|loose}]::
  99        A non-ambiguous short name of the objects name.
 100        The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
 101        abbreviation mode.
 102
 103--all::
 104        Show all refs found in `refs/`.
 105
 106--branches[=pattern]::
 107--tags[=pattern]::
 108--remotes[=pattern]::
 109        Show all branches, tags, or remote-tracking branches,
 110        respectively (i.e., refs found in `refs/heads`,
 111        `refs/tags`, or `refs/remotes`, respectively).
 112+
 113If a `pattern` is given, only refs matching the given shell glob are
 114shown.  If the pattern does not contain a globbing character (`?`,
 115`\*`, or `[`), it is turned into a prefix match by appending `/\*`.
 116
 117--glob=pattern::
 118        Show all refs matching the shell glob pattern `pattern`. If
 119        the pattern does not start with `refs/`, this is automatically
 120        prepended.  If the pattern does not contain a globbing
 121        character (`?`, `\*`, or `[`), it is turned into a prefix
 122        match by appending `/\*`.
 123
 124--show-toplevel::
 125        Show the absolute path of the top-level directory.
 126
 127--show-prefix::
 128        When the command is invoked from a subdirectory, show the
 129        path of the current directory relative to the top-level
 130        directory.
 131
 132--show-cdup::
 133        When the command is invoked from a subdirectory, show the
 134        path of the top-level directory relative to the current
 135        directory (typically a sequence of "../", or an empty string).
 136
 137--git-dir::
 138        Show `$GIT_DIR` if defined else show the path to the .git directory.
 139
 140--is-inside-git-dir::
 141        When the current working directory is below the repository
 142        directory print "true", otherwise "false".
 143
 144--is-inside-work-tree::
 145        When the current working directory is inside the work tree of the
 146        repository print "true", otherwise "false".
 147
 148--is-bare-repository::
 149        When the repository is bare print "true", otherwise "false".
 150
 151--local-env-vars::
 152        List the GIT_* environment variables that are local to the
 153        repository (e.g. GIT_DIR or GIT_WORK_TREE, but not GIT_EDITOR).
 154        Only the names of the variables are listed, not their value,
 155        even if they are set.
 156
 157--short::
 158--short=number::
 159        Instead of outputting the full SHA1 values of object names try to
 160        abbreviate them to a shorter unique name. When no length is specified
 161        7 is used. The minimum length is 4.
 162
 163--since=datestring::
 164--after=datestring::
 165        Parse the date string, and output the corresponding
 166        --max-age= parameter for 'git rev-list'.
 167
 168--until=datestring::
 169--before=datestring::
 170        Parse the date string, and output the corresponding
 171        --min-age= parameter for 'git rev-list'.
 172
 173<args>...::
 174        Flags and parameters to be parsed.
 175
 176
 177include::revisions.txt[]
 178
 179PARSEOPT
 180--------
 181
 182In `--parseopt` mode, 'git rev-parse' helps massaging options to bring to shell
 183scripts the same facilities C builtins have. It works as an option normalizer
 184(e.g. splits single switches aggregate values), a bit like `getopt(1)` does.
 185
 186It takes on the standard input the specification of the options to parse and
 187understand, and echoes on the standard output a line suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`
 188to replace the arguments with normalized ones.  In case of error, it outputs
 189usage on the standard error stream, and exits with code 129.
 190
 191Input Format
 192~~~~~~~~~~~~
 193
 194'git rev-parse --parseopt' input format is fully text based. It has two parts,
 195separated by a line that contains only `--`. The lines before the separator
 196(should be more than one) are used for the usage.
 197The lines after the separator describe the options.
 198
 199Each line of options has this format:
 200
 201------------
 202<opt_spec><flags>* SP+ help LF
 203------------
 204
 205`<opt_spec>`::
 206        its format is the short option character, then the long option name
 207        separated by a comma. Both parts are not required, though at least one
 208        is necessary. `h,help`, `dry-run` and `f` are all three correct
 209        `<opt_spec>`.
 210
 211`<flags>`::
 212        `<flags>` are of `*`, `=`, `?` or `!`.
 213        * Use `=` if the option takes an argument.
 214
 215        * Use `?` to mean that the option is optional (though its use is discouraged).
 216
 217        * Use `*` to mean that this option should not be listed in the usage
 218          generated for the `-h` argument. It's shown for `--help-all` as
 219          documented in linkgit:gitcli[7].
 220
 221        * Use `!` to not make the corresponding negated long option available.
 222
 223The remainder of the line, after stripping the spaces, is used
 224as the help associated to the option.
 225
 226Blank lines are ignored, and lines that don't match this specification are used
 227as option group headers (start the line with a space to create such
 228lines on purpose).
 229
 230Example
 231~~~~~~~
 232
 233------------
 234OPTS_SPEC="\
 235some-command [options] <args>...
 236
 237some-command does foo and bar!
 238--
 239h,help    show the help
 240
 241foo       some nifty option --foo
 242bar=      some cool option --bar with an argument
 243
 244  An option group Header
 245C?        option C with an optional argument"
 246
 247eval `echo "$OPTS_SPEC" | git rev-parse --parseopt -- "$@" || echo exit $?`
 248------------
 249
 250SQ-QUOTE
 251--------
 252
 253In `--sq-quote` mode, 'git rev-parse' echoes on the standard output a
 254single line suitable for `sh(1)` `eval`. This line is made by
 255normalizing the arguments following `--sq-quote`. Nothing other than
 256quoting the arguments is done.
 257
 258If you want command input to still be interpreted as usual by
 259'git rev-parse' before the output is shell quoted, see the `--sq`
 260option.
 261
 262Example
 263~~~~~~~
 264
 265------------
 266$ cat >your-git-script.sh <<\EOF
 267#!/bin/sh
 268args=$(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$@")   # quote user-supplied arguments
 269command="git frotz -n24 $args"          # and use it inside a handcrafted
 270                                        # command line
 271eval "$command"
 272EOF
 273
 274$ sh your-git-script.sh "a b'c"
 275------------
 276
 277EXAMPLES
 278--------
 279
 280* Print the object name of the current commit:
 281+
 282------------
 283$ git rev-parse --verify HEAD
 284------------
 285
 286* Print the commit object name from the revision in the $REV shell variable:
 287+
 288------------
 289$ git rev-parse --verify $REV
 290------------
 291+
 292This will error out if $REV is empty or not a valid revision.
 293
 294* Same as above:
 295+
 296------------
 297$ git rev-parse --default master --verify $REV
 298------------
 299+
 300but if $REV is empty, the commit object name from master will be printed.
 301
 302
 303Author
 304------
 305Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> .
 306Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> and Pierre Habouzit <madcoder@debian.org>
 307
 308Documentation
 309--------------
 310Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 311
 312GIT
 313---
 314Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite