Documentation / git-branch.txton commit Merge branch 'jn/mailinfo-scissors' (d6b5af6)
   1git-branch(1)
   2=============
   3
   4NAME
   5----
   6git-branch - List, create, or delete branches
   7
   8SYNOPSIS
   9--------
  10[verse]
  11'git branch' [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [-r | -a]
  12        [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]
  13        [(--merged | --no-merged | --contains) [<commit>]]
  14'git branch' [--set-upstream | --track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
  15'git branch' (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
  16'git branch' (-d | -D) [-r] <branchname>...
  17
  18DESCRIPTION
  19-----------
  20
  21With no arguments, existing branches are listed and the current branch will
  22be highlighted with an asterisk.  Option `-r` causes the remote-tracking
  23branches to be listed, and option `-a` shows both.
  24
  25With `--contains`, shows only the branches that contain the named commit
  26(in other words, the branches whose tip commits are descendants of the
  27named commit).  With `--merged`, only branches merged into the named
  28commit (i.e. the branches whose tip commits are reachable from the named
  29commit) will be listed.  With `--no-merged` only branches not merged into
  30the named commit will be listed.  If the <commit> argument is missing it
  31defaults to 'HEAD' (i.e. the tip of the current branch).
  32
  33The command's second form creates a new branch head named <branchname>
  34which points to the current 'HEAD', or <start-point> if given.
  35
  36Note that this will create the new branch, but it will not switch the
  37working tree to it; use "git checkout <newbranch>" to switch to the
  38new branch.
  39
  40When a local branch is started off a remote branch, git sets up the
  41branch so that 'git pull' will appropriately merge from
  42the remote branch. This behavior may be changed via the global
  43`branch.autosetupmerge` configuration flag. That setting can be
  44overridden by using the `--track` and `--no-track` options.
  45
  46With a '-m' or '-M' option, <oldbranch> will be renamed to <newbranch>.
  47If <oldbranch> had a corresponding reflog, it is renamed to match
  48<newbranch>, and a reflog entry is created to remember the branch
  49renaming. If <newbranch> exists, -M must be used to force the rename
  50to happen.
  51
  52With a `-d` or `-D` option, `<branchname>` will be deleted.  You may
  53specify more than one branch for deletion.  If the branch currently
  54has a reflog then the reflog will also be deleted.
  55
  56Use -r together with -d to delete remote-tracking branches. Note, that it
  57only makes sense to delete remote-tracking branches if they no longer exist
  58in the remote repository or if 'git fetch' was configured not to fetch
  59them again. See also the 'prune' subcommand of linkgit:git-remote[1] for a
  60way to clean up all obsolete remote-tracking branches.
  61
  62
  63OPTIONS
  64-------
  65-d::
  66        Delete a branch. The branch must be fully merged in HEAD.
  67
  68-D::
  69        Delete a branch irrespective of its merged status.
  70
  71-l::
  72        Create the branch's reflog.  This activates recording of
  73        all changes made to the branch ref, enabling use of date
  74        based sha1 expressions such as "<branchname>@\{yesterday}".
  75
  76-f::
  77--force::
  78        Reset <branchname> to <startpoint> if <branchname> exists
  79        already. Without `-f` 'git branch' refuses to change an existing branch.
  80
  81-m::
  82        Move/rename a branch and the corresponding reflog.
  83
  84-M::
  85        Move/rename a branch even if the new branch name already exists.
  86
  87--color[=<when>]::
  88        Color branches to highlight current, local, and remote branches.
  89        The value must be always (the default), never, or auto.
  90
  91--no-color::
  92        Turn off branch colors, even when the configuration file gives the
  93        default to color output.
  94        Same as `--color=never`.
  95
  96-r::
  97        List or delete (if used with -d) the remote-tracking branches.
  98
  99-a::
 100        List both remote-tracking branches and local branches.
 101
 102-v::
 103--verbose::
 104        Show sha1 and commit subject line for each head, along with
 105        relationship to upstream branch (if any). If given twice, print
 106        the name of the upstream branch, as well.
 107
 108--abbrev=<length>::
 109        Alter the sha1's minimum display length in the output listing.
 110        The default value is 7.
 111
 112--no-abbrev::
 113        Display the full sha1s in the output listing rather than abbreviating them.
 114
 115-t::
 116--track::
 117        When creating a new branch, set up configuration to mark the
 118        start-point branch as "upstream" from the new branch. This
 119        configuration will tell git to show the relationship between the
 120        two branches in `git status` and `git branch -v`. Furthermore,
 121        it directs `git pull` without arguments to pull from the
 122        upstream when the new branch is checked out.
 123+
 124This behavior is the default when the start point is a remote branch.
 125Set the branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable to `false` if you
 126want `git checkout` and `git branch` to always behave as if '--no-track'
 127were given. Set it to `always` if you want this behavior when the
 128start-point is either a local or remote branch.
 129
 130--no-track::
 131        Do not set up "upstream" configuration, even if the
 132        branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
 133
 134--set-upstream::
 135        If specified branch does not exist yet or if '--force' has been
 136        given, acts exactly like '--track'. Otherwise sets up configuration
 137        like '--track' would when creating the branch, except that where
 138        branch points to is not changed.
 139
 140--contains <commit>::
 141        Only list branches which contain the specified commit.
 142
 143--merged [<commit>]::
 144        Only list branches whose tips are reachable from the
 145        specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
 146
 147--no-merged [<commit>]::
 148        Only list branches whose tips are not reachable from the
 149        specified commit (HEAD if not specified).
 150
 151<branchname>::
 152        The name of the branch to create or delete.
 153        The new branch name must pass all checks defined by
 154        linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1].  Some of these checks
 155        may restrict the characters allowed in a branch name.
 156
 157<start-point>::
 158        The new branch head will point to this commit.  It may be
 159        given as a branch name, a commit-id, or a tag.  If this
 160        option is omitted, the current HEAD will be used instead.
 161
 162<oldbranch>::
 163        The name of an existing branch to rename.
 164
 165<newbranch>::
 166        The new name for an existing branch. The same restrictions as for
 167        <branchname> apply.
 168
 169
 170Examples
 171--------
 172
 173Start development from a known tag::
 174+
 175------------
 176$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/.../linux-2.6 my2.6
 177$ cd my2.6
 178$ git branch my2.6.14 v2.6.14   <1>
 179$ git checkout my2.6.14
 180------------
 181+
 182<1> This step and the next one could be combined into a single step with
 183"checkout -b my2.6.14 v2.6.14".
 184
 185Delete an unneeded branch::
 186+
 187------------
 188$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/.../git.git my.git
 189$ cd my.git
 190$ git branch -d -r origin/todo origin/html origin/man   <1>
 191$ git branch -D test                                    <2>
 192------------
 193+
 194<1> Delete the remote-tracking branches "todo", "html" and "man". The next
 195'fetch' or 'pull' will create them again unless you configure them not to.
 196See linkgit:git-fetch[1].
 197<2> Delete the "test" branch even if the "master" branch (or whichever branch
 198is currently checked out) does not have all commits from the test branch.
 199
 200
 201Notes
 202-----
 203
 204If you are creating a branch that you want to checkout immediately, it is
 205easier to use the git checkout command with its `-b` option to create
 206a branch and check it out with a single command.
 207
 208The options `--contains`, `--merged` and `--no-merged` serve three related
 209but different purposes:
 210
 211- `--contains <commit>` is used to find all branches which will need
 212  special attention if <commit> were to be rebased or amended, since those
 213  branches contain the specified <commit>.
 214
 215- `--merged` is used to find all branches which can be safely deleted,
 216  since those branches are fully contained by HEAD.
 217
 218- `--no-merged` is used to find branches which are candidates for merging
 219  into HEAD, since those branches are not fully contained by HEAD.
 220
 221SEE ALSO
 222--------
 223linkgit:git-check-ref-format[1],
 224linkgit:git-fetch[1],
 225linkgit:git-remote[1],
 226link:user-manual.html#what-is-a-branch[``Understanding history: What is
 227a branch?''] in the Git User's Manual.
 228
 229Author
 230------
 231Written by Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org> and Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 232
 233Documentation
 234--------------
 235Documentation by Junio C Hamano and the git-list <git@vger.kernel.org>.
 236
 237GIT
 238---
 239Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite