Documentation / technical / api-string-list.txton commit Merge branch 'jc/maint-grep-untracked-exclude' into jc/grep-untracked-exclude (dbfae86)
   1string-list API
   2===============
   3
   4The string_list API offers a data structure and functions to handle sorted
   5and unsorted string lists.
   6
   7The 'string_list' struct used to be called 'path_list', but was renamed
   8because it is not specific to paths.
   9
  10The caller:
  11
  12. Allocates and clears a `struct string_list` variable.
  13
  14. Initializes the members. You might want to set the flag `strdup_strings`
  15  if the strings should be strdup()ed. For example, this is necessary
  16  when you add something like git_path("..."), since that function returns
  17  a static buffer that will change with the next call to git_path().
  18+
  19If you need something advanced, you can manually malloc() the `items`
  20member (you need this if you add things later) and you should set the
  21`nr` and `alloc` members in that case, too.
  22
  23. Adds new items to the list, using `string_list_append` or
  24  `string_list_insert`.
  25
  26. Can check if a string is in the list using `string_list_has_string` or
  27  `unsorted_string_list_has_string` and get it from the list using
  28  `string_list_lookup` for sorted lists.
  29
  30. Can sort an unsorted list using `sort_string_list`.
  31
  32. Can remove individual items of an unsorted list using
  33  `unsorted_string_list_delete_item`.
  34
  35. Finally it should free the list using `string_list_clear`.
  36
  37Example:
  38
  39----
  40struct string_list list;
  41int i;
  42
  43memset(&list, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
  44string_list_append(&list, "foo");
  45string_list_append(&list, "bar");
  46for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
  47        printf("%s\n", list.items[i].string)
  48----
  49
  50NOTE: It is more efficient to build an unsorted list and sort it
  51afterwards, instead of building a sorted list (`O(n log n)` instead of
  52`O(n^2)`).
  53+
  54However, if you use the list to check if a certain string was added
  55already, you should not do that (using unsorted_string_list_has_string()),
  56because the complexity would be quadratic again (but with a worse factor).
  57
  58Functions
  59---------
  60
  61* General ones (works with sorted and unsorted lists as well)
  62
  63`print_string_list`::
  64
  65        Dump a string_list to stdout, useful mainly for debugging purposes. It
  66        can take an optional header argument and it writes out the
  67        string-pointer pairs of the string_list, each one in its own line.
  68
  69`string_list_clear`::
  70
  71        Free a string_list. The `string` pointer of the items will be freed in
  72        case the `strdup_strings` member of the string_list is set. The second
  73        parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the items should be freed
  74        or not.
  75
  76* Functions for sorted lists only
  77
  78`string_list_has_string`::
  79
  80        Determine if the string_list has a given string or not.
  81
  82`string_list_insert`::
  83
  84        Insert a new element to the string_list. The returned pointer can be
  85        handy if you want to write something to the `util` pointer of the
  86        string_list_item containing the just added string.
  87+
  88Since this function uses xrealloc() (which die()s if it fails) if the
  89list needs to grow, it is safe not to check the pointer. I.e. you may
  90write `string_list_insert(...)->util = ...;`.
  91
  92`string_list_lookup`::
  93
  94        Look up a given string in the string_list, returning the containing
  95        string_list_item. If the string is not found, NULL is returned.
  96
  97* Functions for unsorted lists only
  98
  99`string_list_append`::
 100
 101        Append a new string to the end of the string_list.
 102
 103`sort_string_list`::
 104
 105        Make an unsorted list sorted.
 106
 107`unsorted_string_list_has_string`::
 108
 109        It's like `string_list_has_string()` but for unsorted lists.
 110
 111`unsorted_string_list_lookup`::
 112
 113        It's like `string_list_lookup()` but for unsorted lists.
 114+
 115The above two functions need to look through all items, as opposed to their
 116counterpart for sorted lists, which performs a binary search.
 117
 118`unsorted_string_list_delete_item`::
 119
 120        Remove an item from a string_list. The `string` pointer of the items
 121        will be freed in case the `strdup_strings` member of the string_list
 122        is set. The third parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the
 123        items should be freed or not.
 124
 125Data structures
 126---------------
 127
 128* `struct string_list_item`
 129
 130Represents an item of the list. The `string` member is a pointer to the
 131string, and you may use the `util` member for any purpose, if you want.
 132
 133* `struct string_list`
 134
 135Represents the list itself.
 136
 137. The array of items are available via the `items` member.
 138. The `nr` member contains the number of items stored in the list.
 139. The `alloc` member is used to avoid reallocating at every insertion.
 140  You should not tamper with it.
 141. Setting the `strdup_strings` member to 1 will strdup() the strings
 142  before adding them, see above.